7 shades of grey: a study of the letters to the 7 churches in revelation
TRANSCRIPT
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A study of the letters
to the 7 churches inRevelation.
Study Outline
C
5
1
2
3
4
6
7
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Revelation Chapters 2-3
Context & overview
Church of Ephesus (Rev. 2:1-7)
Church of Smyrna (Rev. 2:8-11)
Church of Pergamum (Rev. 2:12-17)
Church of Thyatira (Rev. 2:18-29)
Church of Sardis (Rev. 3:1-6)
Church of Philadelphia (Rev. 3:7-13)
Church of Laodicea (Rev. 3:14-22)
Recap
Session1
Session2
Session3
Session4
Session5
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Context: Revelation Chapter 1
Read Revelation chapter 1 (printed on the next page) and well review
together some key points to set up our study.
What are your initial thoughts about how the book of Revelation is setup?
Here are some sections to discuss
Rev 1:1 The revelation from Jesus Christ, which God gave him to
show his servants what must soon take place. He made it known by
sending his angel to his servant John
God Jesus Angels John Us
Rev 1:3 Blessed is the one who reads aloud the words of this
prophecy, and blessed are those who hear it and take to heart what is
written in it, because the time is near.
Rev 1:9-11 I, John, your brother and companion in the suffering and
kingdom and patient endurance that are ours in Jesus, was on the
island of Patmos because of the word of God and the testimony of
Jesus. On the Lords Day I was in the Spirit, and I heard behind me a
loud voice like a trumpet, which said: Write on a scroll what you seeand send it to the seven churches: to Ephesus, Smyrna, Pergamum,
Thyatira, Sardis, Philadelphia and Laodicea.
Rev 1: 17-18a When I saw him, I fell at his feet as though dead.
Then he placed his right hand on me and said: Do not be afraid
Rev 1:19-20 Write, therefore, what you have seen, what is now and
what will take place later. The mystery of the seven stars that you
saw in my right hand and of the seven golden lampstands is this: The
seven stars are the angels of the seven churches and the seven
lampstands are the seven churches.
Revelation Chapter 1 (NET)
The Prologue
1 The revelation of Jesus Christ, which God gave him to show his servants what must
happen very soon. He made it clear by sending his angel to his servant John, 2 who
then testified to everything that he saw concerning the word of God and the
testimony about Jesus Christ. 3 Blessed is the one who reads the words of this
prophecy aloud, and blessed are those who hear and obey the things written in it,
because the time is near!
4 From John, to the seven churches that are in the province of Asia: Grace and peaceto you from he who is, and who was, and who is still to come, and from the seven
spirits who are before his throne, 5 and from Jesus Christthe faithful witness, the
firstborn from among the dead, the ruler over the kings of the earth. To the one
who loves us and has set us free from our sins at the cost of his own blood 6 and has
appointed us as a kingdom, as priests serving his God and Fatherto him be the
glory and the power for ever and ever! Amen.
7 (Look! He is returning with the clouds, and every eye will see him, even those who
pierced him, and all the tribes on the earth will mourn because of him. This will
certainly come to pass! Amen.)
8 I am the Alpha and the Omega, says the Lord Godthe one who is, and who was,
and who is still to comethe All-Powerful!
9 I, John, your brother and the one who shares with you in the persecution, kingdom,
and endurance that are in Jesus, was on the island called Patmos because of the
word of God and the testimony about Jesus. 10 I was in the Spirit on the Lords Day
when I heard behind me a loud voice like a trumpet, 11 saying: Write in a book what
you see and send it to the seven churchesto Ephesus, Smyrna, Pergamum,
Thyatira, Sardis, Philadelphia, and Laodicea.
12 I turned to see whose voice was speaking to me, and when I did so, I saw seven
golden lampstands,
13
and in the midst of the lampstands was one like a son of man.He was dressed in a robe extending down to his feet and he wore a wide golden belt
around his chest. 14 His head and hair were as white as wool, even as white as snow,
and his eyes were like a fiery flame. 15 His feet were like polished bronze refined in a
furnace, and his voice was like the roar of many waters. 16 He held seven stars in his
right hand, and a sharp double-edged sword extended out of his mouth. His face
shone like the sun shining at full strength. 17 When I saw him I fell down at his feet as
though I were dead, but he placed his right hand on me and said: Do not be afraid!
I am the first and the last, 18 and the one who lives! I was dead, but look, now I am
aliveforever and everand I hold the keys of death and of Hades! 19 Therefore
write what you saw, what is, and what will be after these things. 20 The mystery of
the seven stars that you saw in my right hand and the seven golden lampstands is
this: The seven stars are the angels of the seven churches and the seven lampstandsare the seven churches.
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Names/Descriptions of Jesus
Look again at chapter 1, noting all of the names &
descriptions of Jesus in this one short chapter.
Faithful witness (v5)
Firstborn from the dead (v5)Ruler of the kings of the earth (v5)
Loves us and has freed us from our sins by his blood (v5)
Has made us to be a kingdom and priests to serve his God and Father (v6)
Coming with the clouds (v7)
Every eye will see him, even those who pierced him(v7)
All people on earth will mourn because of him (v7)
Alpha and Omega (v8)Who is, and who was, and who is to come (v8)
The Almighty (v8)
Among the seven golden lampstands was someone like a son of man (v12)
Dressed in a robe reaching down to his feet (v13)
With a golden sash around his chest (v 13)
The hair on his head was white like wool, as white as snow (v14)
His eyes were like blazing fire (v14)His feet were like bronze glowing in a furnace (v15)
His voice was like the sound of rushing waters (v15)
In his right hand he held seen stars (v16)
Coming out of his mouth was a sharp, double-edged sword (v16)
His face was like the sun shining in all its brilliance (v16)
Seven stars in his right hand (v20)
Significance of the number 7
Seven represents spiritual perfection
God created the world in 7 days and on the seventh day God
rested. It was full and complete and good and perfect. Nothing
could be added to it or taken from it without marring it.
Seven occurs 287 times; Seventh (the fractional part) occurs 98
times; Seven-fold occurs 7 times; Seventy occurs 56 times
In Hebrew, 7 is shevah. It is from the root savah, to be full or
satisfied, have enough of.
Given the significance of 7 in the Bible, what do you think about the
relevance of 7 different churches in Revelation?
http://www.wrightpublications.org/jesus-walks-among-the-lampstan/http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=tJ7nt5wekyFdFM&tbnid=24HGCiTQWfhhoM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://creatorshistory.blogspot.com/2011/12/alpha-and-omega-learning-letters.html&ei=HtiXUerAGpPO8wT50IDwAg&psig=AFQjCNHqCLWpqXmgnoHQOqwCahLQkJmiPw&ust=1368992145146785http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=a_F13LF_m1Y1BM&tbnid=9Pa-kKRkpY9KjM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://beccarama.com/tag/blogging/&ei=pNeXUfmHF5D-8AT4iYDYCw&psig=AFQjCNHCUazJx-v3thai3kDCh7PRnUKmag&ust=1368990307872871 -
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General Pattern of Each Letter
Each of the letters follow a similar general pattern
Lords title how Jesus refers to Himself
Commendation/Praise what the Lord is pleased with (Sardis &
Laodicea dont have this)
Criticism/Condemnation what the Lord is upset about (Smyrna &
Philadelphia dont have this; Pergamum has two)
Admonition/Advice how to get back on track (Pergamum doesnt
have this)
Promise reward for overcoming
Go ahead and read Chapter 2 & 3. Note the repeated patterns in
each of the seven letters. Well read each section carefully
throughout the study, so this is just to give you an overview of the
two chapters.
What are your initial reactions to the readings?
What are you most interested in learning about the significance of the
letters?
Application of the Letters
As with many of the prophesies in the Bible, there are multiple
applications of the letters in Revelation
Historic (personal message for actual cities/churches during Johnstime)Rev 1:4 John to the seven churches that are in Asia
Prophetic -representative of all types of churches and differenttypes of churches (historical and today); seven is the perfect and
complete number and these seven churches represent all types of
churches of all time and today.
Prophetic representative of all types of church members(historical and today) from a personal perspective
Church History Evolution represents general direction over
churches from 1st Christian church in Acts to now (while many
commentators believe this, not all are in agreement)
The message is personal and for all of us. Every one of the messages
to the churches says He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit
says to the churches. That is all of us!
Read Matthew 7:22-23 and 2 Timothy 4:3-4. What kind of warning do
you think this is for us?
We need to ask for wisdom and discernment and study the scriptures
for ourselves.
The good news is there is hope until the end when Jesus returns.
Each of the messages to the churches says, To him who
overcomes It is not to late to change and overcome.
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The 7 Cities
Following is a little bit of information about each of the 7 cities. Well
share more information about each of them as we study the letters.
Ephesus influential capital city of Asia Minor on the Aegean Sea.Ephesus is now known for its huge metropolis of ancient streets, arches
and ruins.
Smyrna located north of Ephesus in a powerful trading position on theAegean Sea known for its harbors, commerce, and marketplaces. The
primary ruins of Smyrna are located in the modern Turkish city of Izmir.
Pergamum located on the plains and foothills along the Caicus River inWestern Turkey. It was considered a major in Asia Minor since the 3rd
century BC, and became a Greek and Roman hub for temple worship.
Thyatira located in western Asia Minor about 42 miles inland from theAegean Sea. The ancient city was known for its textiles and dyeing trade,
and is now known as the Turkish city of Akshsar.
Sardis located on the banks of the Pactolus River in western AsiaMinor, 60 miles inland from Ephesus and Smyrna. Popular ruins include
the decadent temples and bath house complexes.
Philadelphia located on the Cogamis River in western Asia Minor,
about 80 miles east of Smyrna. Known for its variety of temples andworship centers.
Laodicea located in the Lycus River Valley of western Asia Minor, aprimary trade route between the cultures of the West and East. Known as
a primary hub for the Roman aqueduct system.
The seven churches are located in western Asia Minor (present-day Turkey),
accessible by way of the Aegean Sea and the ancient trade routes between the
West and East.
The cities/seven churches stood along one of the ancient postal Roman roads
of that day, and, beginning at Ephesus, would have been visited in the order
in which they are named. The distance between each is about 50 kilometers ;
a full days journey on foot .
The names of the cities are
significant in that they convey a
spiritual message relevant to
the Church as a whole. It isincredible that their names so
accurately reflect the history of the
Church. It is one of the great
evidences for the inspiration of the
Word and the omnipotence of God.
Take note of the meaning of the city
names and keep them in mind as we
read through the letters to them.
Church Meaning of the City Name
Ephesus Desirable, darling, beloved, maiden of choice
SmyrnaSweet smelling, crushed (like myrrh-spice releasing aroma
when crushed)
PergamumElevation, exalted, mixed marriage, objectionable marriage,
married to power
ThyatiraContinual sacrifice, sacrifice of contrition, sweet savor of
labor
Sardis Remnant, renewal
Philadelphia Brotherly love
LaodiceaThe people rule, judgment, judging the people, power of the
laity
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=dXYekaAi_U43iM&tbnid=cMVNdxh6QMhkAM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.scoopweb.com/Seven_Churches_of_Asia&ei=CNCXUcnvBpHk9gSmkYHACA&psig=AFQjCNEmp98aFrTXcNxF9BmhUi46XOg3EA&ust=1368989513810093 -
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Church of Ephesus
Read Rev. 2:1-7 (text on next page). What are your initial thoughts
about this church?
List out all of the things this church is doing well:
What does Jesus have against this church?
What advice does he have for them?
What is promised to those who conquer?
Ephesus was the capital of Asia Minor, a center of land and sea trade,
and, along with Alexandria and Antioch in Syria, one of the three most
influential cities in the eastern part of the Roman Empire. The temple
to Artemis, one of the ancient wonders of the world, was located in
this city, and a major industry was the manufacture of images of this
goddess. Paul ministered in Ephesus for three years and warned the
Ephesians that false teachers would come and try to draw people
away from the faith. False teachers did indeed cause problems in the
Ephesian church, but the church resisted them, as we can see from
Pauls letter to the Ephesians. John spent much of his ministry in this
city and knew that they had resisted false teaching.
1Revelation 2:1-7 (NET)
To the Church in Ephesus
2 To the angel of the church in Ephesus, write the following:
This is the solemn pronouncement of the one who has a firm grasp on the
seven stars in his right handthe one who walks among the seven golden
lampstands: 2 I know your works as well as your labor and steadfast
endurance, and that you cannot tolerate evil. You have even put to the testthose who refer to themselves as apostles (but are not), and have
discovered that they are false. 3 I am also aware that you have persisted
steadfastly, endured much for the sake of my name, and have not grown
weary. 4 But I have this against you: You have departed from your first love!5 Therefore, remember from what high state you have fallen and repent! Do
the deeds you did at the first; if not, I will come to you and remove your
lampstand from its placethat is, if you do not repent. 6 But you do have
this going for you: You hate what the Nicolaitans practicepractices I also
hate. 7 The one who has an ear had better hear what the Spirit says to the
churches. To the one who conquers, I will permit him to eat from the tree of
life that is in the paradise of God.
Jesus has much good to say about this church. They test the doctrines with
the word of God and discern truth from lies in most instances. They dont get
weary. They work hard for the Lord, but maybe doing it their own way.
In verse 2 Jesus says he walks among the 7 golden lampstands. Look back
at Revelation 1:20. What do the lampstands represent?
Jesus is walking among the churches to this day. He sees everything on the
outside and inside.
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=4UXNdHzMg2bSmM&tbnid=angJhBtXg6T6DM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.stonechurch.us/series/seven/&ei=9VmaUYucI4HA9QSezoGQCw&psig=AFQjCNHCa-Jl3WIq6jTjutU-6otaAZBa2w&ust=1369156367831255 -
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This group has lost their first love. They have fallen out of love with Jesus.
The warmth is gone. The fire and flame have waned. They are doctrinally
correct, but cold.
Do you see any of yourself in this church? Has your passion waned?
We can be right theologically, but if we lose our love for Jesus, then theology
is nothing but cold academics. We can become so busy in church service and
even Bible studies, that we miss out on the relationship with Jesus.
Losing that love is what Jesus cares the most about he tells them they must
repent. We think a lot about repenting from our sins, but do we think about
it in terms of losing our love and passion for Jesus?
In verse 6, Jesus says But you do have this going for you: You hate what the
Nicolaitans practicepractices I also hate.
Nicolaitans were a heretical sect that advocated a blending of pagan customs,
like eating food sacrificed to idols and sexual immorality, into Christian
worship. They claimed to be Christians but considered it a matter of
indifference to practice adultery and to eat things sacrificed to idols.
Why do you think Jesus took special note to commend them on hating the
Nicolaitans practice?
Many commentators believe the seven churches represent the evolution of
church history. They see the church of Ephesus speaking to the period of
church history from around 33 to 100 AD. This time period represented the
first century after Christ. The Church has grown into a force to be reckoned
with and Christianity was starting to challenge the religions and ideological
institutions of the day. At 97 AD when John recorded this Book, the church
had already lost the flame we read about in Acts. The Book of Revelation was
written around 60 years after the span of the Acts church.
Jesus calls the church to repentto change direction, to return to the love
and passion they once had.
What kinds of things were you doing when you felt most in love with and
passionate about Jesus?
Going to church regularly
Reading scriptures daily
Dedicated prayer time
Praising God throughout the day
Sharing the Gospel and fellowship with other believers
Other..
Think about these things and get back to them.
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=K3Giu8dvWzgUnM&tbnid=Xrm7__yQa1NzhM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://sandivand.wordpress.com/2012/01/26/want-to-see-amazing-ministry-come-out-of-your-church/&ei=xR-aUcWCD4qI9QTHl4GABQ&psig=AFQjCNFnu_qoIXVqWXHKIl0TnIR7BQ-ntQ&ust=1369141551515176 -
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Church of Smyrna
Read Rev. 2:8-11 (text on next page). What are your initial thoughts
about this church?
List out all of the things this church is doing well:
What does Jesus have against this church?
What advice does he have for them?
What is promised to those who conquer?
The city of Smyrna was about 25 miles north of Ephesus. It was
nicknamed Port of Asia because it had an excellent harbor on theAegean sea. The church in this city struggled against two hostile
forces: a Jewish population strongly opposed to Christianity, and a
non-Jewish population that was loyal to Rome and supported
emperor worship. Persecution and suffering were inevitable in an
environment like this.
This church is suffering and persecuted. They are willing to open their
mouth to share Jesus no matter how people criticize them or what it
might cost them.
2Revelation 2:8-11 (NET)
To the Church in Smyrna
8 To the angel of the church in Smyrna write the following:
This is the solemn pronouncement of the one who is the first and the last,
the one who was dead, but came to life: 9 I know the distress you are
suffering and your poverty (but you are rich). I also know the slander against
you by those who call themselves Jews and really are not, but are asynagogue of Satan. 10 Do not be afraid of the things you are about to suffer.
The devil is about to have some of you thrown into prison so you may be
tested, and you will experience suffering for ten days. Remain faithful even
to the point of death, and I will give you the crown that is life itself. 11 The
one who has an ear had better hear what the Spirit says to the churches.
The one who conquers will in no way be harmed by the second death.
In verse 9, why do you think but you are rich is added after their poverty is
mentioned?
Jesus doesnt have a corrective exhortation for this church. Perhaps because
they are enduring persecution, they remain pure. Think about this for a
minute. They KNOW they need Jesus and are clinging to Him during their
trials. And for this they are promised an eternal reward.
Notice Jesus makes no promise to lighten their affliction. On the contrary, He
says they will be tested and endure suffering.to the point of death.
Read James 1:12 and compare it to the promise above in verse 10.
Commentators that believe the seven
churches represent the evolution of church
history see the church of Smyrna speaking to
the period of church history from around 100
to 313 AD. This period was among the most
vicious persecutions against Christians.
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Church of Pergamos
Read Rev. 2:12-17 (text on next page). What are your initial thoughts
about this church?
List out all of the things this church is doing well:
What does Jesus have against this church?
What advice does he have for them?
What is promised to those who conquer?
The city of Pergamum was built on a hill 1,000 feet above the
surrounding countryside, creating a natural fortress. It was a
sophisticated city, a center of Greek culture and education, with a
200,000 volume library. But it was also the center of four cults, and it
rivaled Ephesus in its worship of idols. The citys chief god was
Asclepius, whose symbol was a serpent and who was considered the
god of healing. People came to Pergamum from all over the world to
seek healing from this god.
3Revelation 2:12-17 (NET)
To the Church in Pergamum
12 To the angel of the church in Pergamum write the following:
This is the solemn pronouncement of the one who has the sharp double-
edged sword: 13 I know where you livewhere Satans throne is. Yet you
continue to cling to my name and you have not denied your faith in me,
even in the days of Antipas, my faithful witness, who was killed in your citywhere Satan lives. 14 But I have a few things against you: You have some
people there who follow the teaching of Balaam, who instructed Balak to
put a stumbling block before the people of Israel so they would eat food
sacrificed to idols and commit sexual immorality. 15 In the same way, there
are also some among you who follow the teaching of the Nicolaitans.16 Therefore, repent! If not, I will come against you quickly and make war
against those people with the sword of my mouth. 17 The one who has an
ear had better hear what the Spirit says to the churches. To the one who
conquers, I will give him some of the hidden manna, and I will give him a
white stone, and on that stone will be written a new name that no one can
understand except the one who receives it.
According to verse 13, where do they live?
They live where Satans throne is, and Satan is the prince of the world.
Read 1 John 2:15-17. How do these verses describe what the world has to
offer?
What do you think the double edged sword Jesus is holding represents?
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The story of Balaam and Balak is in Numbers 22-24 & 31. Balak, the newly
elected king of Moab, believed that the only way to destroy the victorious
Jews was to outdo them in magic by a spell stronger than theirs. Balak,
therefore, sent messengers to Balaam, the greatest magician of those days,
asking him to come to Moab to curse the people of Israel who were
threatening to overrun their lands. Balaam discovered that he could not do
anything against God's will, and he so informed Balak's envoys, even though
his personal hatred of the Jews made him only too willing to follow the call.However, Balak was persistent, but all Balaam could do was bless Israel,
under the inspiration of God. Now Balak was really angry, and he ordered
Balaam to return home. Before he left, however, Balaam told Balak that the
only way to harm the people of Israel was to seduce them into sin (his magic
and curses wouldnt work, but they could be seduced). For only then would
God punish His people. The kings of Moab and Midian acted upon this shrewd
advice of Balaam. They arranged a big feast in honor of their idols and invited
the children of Israel to participate in the ceremonies, seducing them with
sexual charms by the wives and daughters. Many of the Jewish people fell for
this ruse and participated in these heathen celebrations. The blending of the
truth of God with paganism and wicked pagan festivals and practices is an
abhorrence to God. It is called religious syncretism (following God and
other gods at the same time).
The Nicolaitans were the early Christian-pagan syncretists, the false teachers
that crept into the church, who disguised themselves as followers of Christ
who professed to be His ministers and servants but who led the people
astray.
Commentators that believe the seven churches represent the evolution of
church history see the church of Pergamum speaking to the period of
church history from around 313 to 606AD. This was a period of
deteriorating moral standards and doctrinal corruption. Christian
standards were lowered, and a union was formed between Christianity
and paganism. The Church began to adopt many pagan practices. During
this period the Church and state worked together as a political power and
as a result the church began a downward spiral.
How do you think we may be similarly influence, or seduced by ungodly
things in our culture? Do we try to blend our Christian lives with the
ungodliness in our culture? What kinds of ungodly things do we easily
overlook because they are so accepted in our culture?
2 Peter 2:1-2 says, But there were also false prophets among the people,
just as there will be false teachers among you. They will secretly introduce
destructive heresies, even denying the sovereign Lord who bought them
bringing swift destruction on themselves. Many will follow their depraved
conduct and will bring the way of truth into disrepute.
In verse 17 we see the conquerors will get hidden manna and a white
stone with a new name written on it. What do you think these symbols
represent?
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=aWwPCMR9obECqM&tbnid=cnu2UtOepVSz4M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.dailydevotionals.co/2012/09/identifying-false-prophets-wednesdays.html&ei=-kaaUeadDYf48wTO14GAAg&psig=AFQjCNG6wKnL0Xbzpnxwt8CEz6UrZVur_A&ust=1369151560467201 -
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Church of Thyatira
Read Rev. 2:18-29 (text on next page). What are your initial thoughts
about this church?
List out all of the things this church is doing well:
What does Jesus have against this church?
What advice does he have for them?
What is promised to those who conquer?
Thyatira was a working persons town, with many trade guilds for
cloth making, dyeing, and pottery. Lydia, Pauls first convert in
Philippi, was a merchant from Thyatira. The city was basically secular,
with no focus on any particular religion.
4Revelation 2:18-29 (NET)
To the Church in Thyatira
18 To the angel of the church in Thyatira write:
These are the words of the Son of God, whose eyes are like blazing fire and
whose feet are like burnished bronze. 19 I know your deeds, your love and
faith, your service and perseverance, and that you are now doing more than
you did at first.
20 Nevertheless, I have this against you: You tolerate that woman Jezebel,
who calls herself a prophet. By her teaching she misleads my servants into
sexual immorality and the eating of food sacrificed to idols. 21 I have given
her time to repent of her immorality, but she is unwilling. 22 So I will cast her
on a bed of suffering, and I will make those who commit adultery with her
suffer intensely, unless they repent of her ways. 23 I will strike her children
dead. Then all the churches will know that I am he who searches hearts and
minds, and I will repay each of you according to your deeds.
24 Now I say to the rest of you in Thyatira, to you who do not hold to her
teaching and have not learned Satans so-called deep secrets, I will not
impose any other burden on you, 25 except to hold on to what you have
until I come.
26 To the one who is victorious and does my will to the end, I will give
authority over the nations27 that one will rule them with an iron scepter
and will dash them to pieces like pottery [a]just as I have received
authority from my Father. 28 I will also give that one the morning star.29 Whoever has ears, let them hear what the Spirit says to the churches.
http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation%202:18-29%20%20&version=NIVhttp://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=hlq4iN2mTj-sSM&tbnid=Vxv4_s6smSv5YM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://bentohwestloop.blogspot.com/2013/03/love-without-discernment-rev-218-29-to.html&ei=YlmaUbDhNZSm8gSr7IDQCg&psig=AFQjCNF2VamxLSFP4_YoKpxp6cW97xVCpg&ust=1369156246435579http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation%202:18-29%20%20&version=NIV -
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This is a sinful church teaching false doctrine. Jezebel was the daughter of
the King of Phonecia, a pagan princess best known for her advice to her
Israelite husband King Ahab on how to obtain a vineyard he wanted. She
brought trumped up charges against the vineyards owner, hired witnesses
to bear false testimony and had him convicted and executed. She then
confiscated the vineyard in the name of the king. She was an evil woman
who killed many prophets of God while feeding and caring for the prophets
of two gods called Baal and Asherah. Baal was the god of fertility(agriculture, livestock and human). Worship of Baal carried out in terms of
imitative magic whereby sexual acts by both male and female temple
prostitutes were understood to arouse Baal who then brought rain to make
Mother Earth fertile.
Here Jezebel is described as a prophetess, a false teacher, an immoral
woman and idol worshipper. She attended a church at Thyatira. She
encouraged those who attended the church to engage in sexual sin and
worship other gods.
Where there is tolerance for false doctrine the gospel begins to get watered
down and Satin brings in sin. This church seems to be swimming in it. Here
is a reminder again that we need to ask God for wisdom and discernment to
know the truth and not be swayed by false doctrine.
Commentators that believe the seven churches represent the evolution of
church history see the church of Thyatira emerging around 600 AD which
exerted major influence on Martin Luther and the Reformers through 1500
AD (and some say the timeframe continues into present times). This is the
church of the middle ages. At the time the church was inundated with falsedoctrines and persecuted for faithfulness to God and his word. It was a time
a spiritual darkness.
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=cBdrKlAlia_DtM&tbnid=nQF6a77preD1YM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://arpchurch.com/2012/06/16/the-deep-things-of-satan-in-the-church-of-thyatira/&ei=J1maUdzCNIbe9ATXxYCoDw&psig=AFQjCNF2VamxLSFP4_YoKpxp6cW97xVCpg&ust=1369156246435579 -
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Church of Sardis
Read Rev. 3:1-6 (text on next page). What are your initial thoughts
about this church?
List out all of the things this church is doing well:
What does Jesus have against this church?
What advice does he have for them?
What is promised to those who conquer?
The wealthy city of Sardis was actually in two locations. The older
section of the city was on a mountain, and when its population
outgrew that spot, a newer sections was built in the valley below.
5Revelation 3:1-6 (NET)
To the Church in Sardis
3 To the angel of the church in Sardis write:
These are the words of him who holds the seven spirits of God and the
seven stars. I know your deeds; you have a reputation of being alive, but
you are dead. 2 Wake up! Strengthen what remains and is about to die, for I
have found your deeds unfinished in the sight of my God.3
Remember,therefore, what you have received and heard; hold it fast, and repent. But if
you do not wake up, I will come like a thief, and you will not know at what
time I will come to you.
4 Yet you have a few people in Sardis who have not soiled their clothes. They
will walk with me, dressed in white, for they are worthy. 5 The one who is
victorious will, like them, be dressed in white. I will never blot out the name
of that person from the book of life, but will acknowledge that name before
my Father and his angels. 6 Whoever has ears, let them hear what the Spirit
says to the churches.
This is a dead church. Things may be getting done (grounds kept up,
bulletins printed, programs executed, sermons preached), but the church is
in a spiritual stupor. Nothing happens in their lives. They were self-satisfied
and have fallen asleep.
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=EIECgGa1jmX70M&tbnid=3Q_WI2e18LqdIM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://vimeo.com/40418211&ei=d1qaUdCqNpCc8QT-qIHoBA&psig=AFQjCNH6APhGYNaB-dYEUJ5CBs_Xsr4hwg&ust=1369156518414232 -
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What is there in your life that could lead Jesus to say this about you?
Here are a few things to be aware of:
1. You treat your faith like a routine a series of checkboxes, with no
passion, meaning, value or purpose. If your faith is more routine, you
will inevitably stop marking off the boxes because you dont really love
him.
1. Youre not passionate about Jesus - the more time and energy we
invest in things and others, the more passionate we become about
them. Is a lot of your time and energy invested in your relationship with
Jesus? Be honest. Get with Jesus. Spend time with him and spend time
with other people who are passionate about him.
1. You treat your faith like a have-to, not a get-to Christianity is not
about laying upon people a burden of religious duties and moral
obligations. It is based upon a relationship with Jesus. Your faith in
Jesus will be sustained by Gods grace through your love and joy in Jesus
not guilt.
1. Youve closed your eyes to Jesus mission - Do you care about Jesus and
what he cares about? Do you care about his people?
What can you do to stay alive and passionate about Jesus?
Commentators that believe the seven churches represent the evolution of
church history see the church of Sardis spans 1517 AD through 1740 AD
(some say through present time). This was the post-reformation period, from
the close of the Council of Trent in 1563 to the beginning of the great
religious awakening in the 18th century.
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=9J5btnEhRTSaPM&tbnid=BqpwUa_r6QQxFM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://marshill.com/media/the-seven/dead-in-sardis-stopped-caring-or-trying&ei=ObKcUZysK4e_0QHd-oDQDQ&psig=AFQjCNHl0aw5IOuLjunmm_MpTEnlZcyimQ&ust=1369310073205983 -
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Church of Philadelphia
Read Rev. 3:7-13 (text on next page). What are your initial thoughts
about this church?
List out all of the things this church is doing well:
What does Jesus have against this church?
What advice does he have for them?
What is promised to those who conquer?
Philadelphia was founded by the citizens of Pergamum. The
community was built in a frontier area as a gateway to the central
plateau of Asia Minor. Philadelphias residents kept barbarians out of
the region and brought in Greek culture and language. The city was
destroyed by an earthquake in AD 17 and aftershocks kept the people
so worried that most of them lived outside the city limits.
6Revelation 3:7-13 (NET)
To the Church in Philadelphia
7 To the angel of the church in Philadelphia write:
These are the words of him who is holy and true, who holds the key of
David. What he opens no one can shut, and what he shuts no one can open.8 I know your deeds. See, I have placed before you an open door that no one
can shut. I know that you have little strength, yet you have kept my wordand have not denied my name. 9 I will make those who are of the synagogue
of Satan, who claim to be Jews though they are not, but are liarsI will
make them come and fall down at your feet and acknowledge that I have
loved you. 10 Since you have kept my command to endure patiently, I will
also keep you from the hour of trial that is going to come on the whole
world to test the inhabitants of the earth.
11 I am coming soon. Hold on to what you have, so that no one will take your
crown. 12 The one who is victorious I will make a pillar in the temple of my
God. Never again will they leave it. I will write on them the name of my God
and the name of the city of my God, the new Jerusalem, which is coming
down out of heaven from my God; and I will also write on them my new
name. 13 Whoever has ears, let them hear what the Spirit says to the
churches.
This is a beautiful church where Jesus is not denied. This church puts their
strength in God and God opens a door to the world. This is a faithful, Christ-
honoring, zealous, missionary-minded church alive with the flame of
evangelism and in love with Jesus. This is the kind of church that brings
glory to God.
This is the kind of church/people we should aspire to be. This is what is
pleasing to God!
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=ahgJ4o7Dnn9yRM&tbnid=azJPl4UxjKIsNM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://marshill.com/media/the-seven/missional-in-philadelphia-didnt-give-up-or-give-in&ei=amKaUezhComs8AT4jIHgDQ&psig=AFQjCNEa2wHmoCBIWwhRLiXMCvuy3s_kiQ&ust=1369158604889533 -
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Commentators that believe the seven churches represent the evolution of
church history see the church of Philadelphia as the next phase in church
history where there is a stirring in the dead denomination that had strayed
from the simplicity of the gospel. The time period spans 1740 AD through
1850 AD (some say through present time). This a period of the Great
Awakening of the 18th century. It was a period of mission. Great conflict
between truth and terror reached its pinnacle. In this age of spiritual
enlightenment, Satan endeavored to destroy the work by the introduction of
counterfeit movements. Spiritism in all its forms saw modern revival, such as
concepts of humanism and atheism.
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=fYTqCGknR0K46M&tbnid=hy2DoNn9Ch3WbM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.notcheycreekbaptist.org/2012/06/the-church-of-the-open-door/&ei=aLScUee9EYu50AHjuYH4Aw&psig=AFQjCNHeo7CIvC61sNX_7u61XW71et9_PA&ust=1369310509391181 -
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Church of Laodicea
Read Rev. 3:14-22 (text on next page). What are your initial thoughts
about this church?
List out all of the things this church is doing well:
What does Jesus have against this church?
What advice does he have for them?
What is promised to those who conquer?
7Revelation 3:14-22 (NET)
To the Church in Laodicea
14 To the angel of the church in Laodicea write:
These are the words of the Amen, the faithful and true witness, the ruler of
Gods creation. 15 I know your deeds, that you are neither cold nor hot. I
wish you were either one or the other! 16 So, because you are lukewarm
neither hot nor coldI am about to spit you out of my mouth.17
You say, Iam rich; I have acquired wealth and do not need a thing. But you do not
realize that you are wretched, pitiful, poor, blind and naked. 18 I counsel you
to buy from me gold refined in the fire, so you can become rich; and white
clothes to wear, so you can cover your shameful nakedness; and salve to
put on your eyes, so you can see.
19 Those whom I love I rebuke and discipline. So be earnest and repent.20 Here I am! I stand at the door and knock. If anyone hears my voice and
opens the door, I will come in and eat with that person, and they with me.
21 To the one who is victorious, I will give the right to sit with me on mythrone, just as I was victorious and sat down with my Father on his throne.22 Whoever has ears, let them hear what the Spirit says to the churches.
The church in Laodicea had become lukewarm and thus distasteful and
repugnant. The believers didnt take a stand for anything; indifference had
led to idleness. By neglecting to do anything for Christ, the church had
become hardened and self-satisfied and it was destroying itself.
This is a church of form without substance and happy about it they have a
no commitment, no responsibility religion. People go to church, but dont
know Jesus. They go through spiritual motions, but have no relationship with
Jesus. Laodicea was enormously wealthy and proud of it. It was a prosperous
regional banking center, famous for a rich black wool cloth and a soothing
salve that helped reduce the painful effects of eye strain. They were rich in
the worldly sense, but poor in the things of the Spirit. Like them, we can
think we are self sufficient, but are blinded by sin.
Commentators that believe the seven churches represent the evolution of
church history see the church of Laodicea spanning 1850 AD through present
times.
Laodicea was the wealthiest of the seven cities,
known for its banking industry, manufacture ofwool, and a medical school that produced eye
ointment. But the city had always had a
problem with its water supply. At one time an
aqueduct was built to bring water to the city
from hot springs. But by the time the water
reached the city, it was neither hot nor
refreshingly cool only lukewarm. The church
had become as bland as the tepid water that
came into the city.
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=948MNSuB794-5M&tbnid=iYZXErfcWLEw-M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.fireonyourhead.org/2010/07/26/laodicean-church-age/&ei=fYaaUae0KZLy8ATW04GQBA&psig=AFQjCNF6BHPn6jqCIFGol9UUIbiMbFB6iQ&ust=1369167817839557 -
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Recap
These letters are for all of us and they provide good check points on
where we may be going astray, how we can get on track and the
rewards that are waiting for us i f we endure and overcome.
Christs rebuke to Christians:
You have abandoned your first love
Some of you are Balaamites
Some of you are Nicolaitans
You tolerate Jezebel
You wont repent
Your works are imperfect
You seem alive, but are dead
You say you are rich and increased with goods but you are
lukewarm, poor, blind, naked and wretched
Christs counselto Christians:
Repent!
Return to your first love
Dont fear
Be faithful to death
Hold fast to what you know
Awake
Strengthen
Open the door to Me
R
Christs promised rewards to those who overcome:
Eat from the tree of life
Given a crown of life
Hidden manna
White stone with a new name
Rod to rule the unbelievers
White garments
Walk with Me
Name of God, city of new name
Christ will dine with them and promises that we will sit with Him
on his throne
In looking over this list, and the recap on the next page, where do you
feel most convicted?
What steps can you take to get back on track?
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Ephesus
(Rev. 2:1-7)
Smyrna
(Rev. 2:8-11)
Pergamum
(Rev. 2:12-17)
Thyatira
(Rev. 2:18-29)
Sardis
(Rev. 3:1-6)
Philadelphia
(Rev. 3:7-13)
Laodicea
(Rev. 3:14-22)
Name Meaning Desirable,
darling, beloved,
maiden of
choice
Sweet smelling,
crushed (like
myrrh-spice
releasing aroma
when crushed)
Elevation,
exalted, mixed
marriage,
objectionable
marriage,
married to
power
Continual
sacrifice,
sacrifice of
contrition,
sweet savor of
labor
Remnant,
renewal
Brotherly love The people rule,
judgment,
judging the
people, power
of the laity
Character of the
Church
Effort Relaxed Martyrdom &
Tribulation
Union of Church
and State
Counterfeit;
Anti-Christian
Reformation Evangelical;
Missionary
Modernism;
Spiritual Poverty
Lords Title Holds the 7 stars
in his right hand
and walks
among the 7golden
lampstands
The first and the
last; died and
came to life
again
Has the sharp
double edged
sword.
Son of God; eyes
like blazing fire;
feet like
burnishedbronze
Holds the 7
spirits of God
and the 7 stars
Holy and true;
holds the key of
David; what he
opens no onecan shut and
what he shuts
no one an open
The Amen; the
faithful and true
witness; the
ruler of Godscreation.
Commendation Deeds; hard
work; cannot
tolerate wicked
men;
persevered and
endured
Endured
afflictions and
poverty and
slander
Remain true;
faith not denied
even living
where Satan has
his throne
Deeds, love,
faith, service,
perseverance;
doing more now
than at first
(NONE) Deeds; kept the
word and not
denied
(NONE)
Criticism Left first love (NONE) Some hold to
the teaching of
Balaam; idolatry
& immorality
Tolerate
Jezebel; idolatry
& immorality
Spiritually dead (NONE) Lukewarm
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Ephesus
(Rev. 2:1-7)
Smyrna
(Rev. 2:8-11)
Pergamum
(Rev. 2:12-17)
Thyatira
(Rev. 2:18-29)
Sardis
(Rev. 3:1-6)
Philadelphia
(Rev. 3:7-13)
Laodicea
(Rev. 3:14-22)
Advice Remember the
height from
which you have
fallen; Repent
and do thethings you did at
first.
Do not be
afraid of
suffering; be
faithful, even
to the point ofdeath
Repent! Repent ; do not
hold onto
Jezebels
teaching
Wake up!
Strengthen
what remains;
Obey and
repent
Hold onto what you
have so no one will
take your crown.
Buy gold refined
in the fire to
become rich,
white clothes to
wear to covernakedness; salve
to put on eyes
to see; be
earnest and
repent; open
the door
Promise to
overcomers
Right to eat from
the tree of life
the paradise of
God.
Crown of life;
will not be hurt
by second
death
Hidden manna;
white stone
with a new
name written
on it
Authority over
the nations with
Jesus; the
morning star
Dressed in
white; name
not blotted
from the book
of life;
acknowledged
before God
Keep you from the
hour of trial that is
coming upon the
earth; will make a
pillar in the temple of
God; write on him
the name of God and
the new Jerusalem
Right to sit with
Jesus on the
throne.
Challenge H e w h o h a s a n e a r , l e t h i m h e a r w h a t t h e S p i r i t s a y s t o t h e c h u r c h e s .
Historical
time period
33-100 AD 100-313 AD 313-606 AD 606 1517 AD 1517 1740 AD 1740 1850 AD 1850 - present
Notes & References
Life Application Study Bible, Tyndale House Publishing, 2005
GraceThroughFaith.com, Revelation Study, http://gracethrufaith.com/revelation-times/revelation-2-and-3-seven-letters-to-seven-churches-part-1/
Amazing Discoveries, Revelation 2-3: Letters to the Seven Churches, http://amazingdiscoveries.org/S-deception-Revelation_letter_seven-churches
All About Archeology, Seven Churches in Revelation Literal Historical Truth, http://allaboutarchaeology.org/seven-churches-in-revelation.htm
Good News About God, The Seven Letters to the Seven ChurchesRevelation 2 & 3, http://www.goodnewsaboutgod.com/studies/spiritual/revelations/seven_churches.htm
BridalCovenant.com, Seven Churches in Revelation Study, www.bridalcovenant.com