7 pictorials

8/13/2019 7 Pictorials

1/63

Copyright 2010 by K. PlantenbergRestricted use only

Chapter 7Pictorials

Topics Exercises


2/63


Pictorials: Topics

Summary 7.1) Pictorials Introduction 7.2) Isometric Pictorial Axes 7.3) Drawing Linear Features 7.4) Drawing Circles and Radii 7.5) Drawing Cylinders 7.6) Oblique Pictorials Overview


3/63


Ortho. Projection: Exercises

Exercise 7-2: Creating an isometricpictorial 1

Exercise 7-4: Creating an isometric

pictorial 2


4/63


Pictorials

Summary


5/63


Summary

What will we learn in Chapter 7? How to create isometric pictorials.

Key points A pictorial is a pseudo 3-D drawing. They are used to aid visualization.


6/63


Pictorials

7.1) Pictorials Introduction


7/63Copyright 2010 by K. PlantenbergRestricted use only

Introduction

Pictorials are pseudo 3-D drawings.

Drawn in 2-D.Looks 3-D.


8/63



Introduction

Pictorials are very effective at illustratingassemblies.



Introduction

The two most common types ofpictorials are: Isometric

Oblique



Pictorials

7.2) Isometric Pictorial Axes


12/63


Isometric Pictorial Axes

Isometricpictorials aredrawn in a

coordinatesystemwhere theaxes are 60degrees apart.


13/63


Isometric Pictorials Scale

The linearfeatures onor parallel to

these threeaxes aredrawn at80% of fullscale torepresenttrue size.


14/63


Isometric Pictorials Scale

Isometricpictorialsmay be

drawn at anyscale as longas the scaleis uniform onall axes.


15/63


Pictorials

7.3) Drawing Linear Features


16/63


Drawing Linear Features

How do we draw an isometric pictorial?


17/63



Step 1) Draw the three construction linesthat represent the isometric axes.


18/63



Step 2) Draw a defining box. Sides = maximum height, width and depth

dimensions of the object.


19/63




20/63



Step 3) Draw the lines of the object that areparallel to the axes.


21/63


22/63



Step 5) Erase or remove the constructionlines.Step 6) If the drawing is produced in a 2-D

drawing package, it should be scaled by80%.


23/63


Exercise 7-2

Creating an Isometric Pictorial 1


24/63


Exercise 7-2

Create a full scale isometric pictorial ofthe following object. (Use a pencil.)


25/63

Step 1) Draw three constructionlines that represent the isometricaxes. (Done)

The grid spacing is 0.5 inch.


26/63

Step 2) Draw a box whose sidesare parallel to the three axesand whose lengths are themaximum height, width anddepth dimension of the object.


27/63

Step 3) Draw the lines of theobject that are parallel to theaxes.


28/63

Step 4) The lines of the objectthat are not parallel to one of theaxes are added by connectingthe ends of existing lines.


29/63


30/63


31/63

Step 4) Erase or remove theconstruction lines.


32/63


Pictorials

7.4) Drawing Circles and Radii


33/63


Drawing Circles and Radii

Circular features of an object appear asellipses on an isometric pictorial.


34/63



Step 1) Draw the linear features of theobject using the procedure previouslydescribed.


35/63



Step 2) Draw a box whose diagonals meetat the center of the circle and the length ofthe sides are equal to the circles diameter.


36/63




37/63



Step 3) Draw anellipse in the boxwhose major axis is

aligned with the longdiagonal of the box. The ellipses touch

the box at themidpoint of its sides.

Major Axis


38/63



The same procedure is used for creatingradii except that the unwanted part of theellipse is erased or trimmed.


39/63


Pictorials

7.5) Drawing Cylinders


40/63


Drawing Cylinders

Drawing cylinders in an isometric pictorialis just a matter of drawing two circles andadding some connecting lines.


41/63


Drawing Cylinders

Step 1) Draw adefining box. The height is equal

to the height of thecylinder and thewidth and depth areequal to the

diameter of thecylinder.


42/63


Drawing Cylinders

Step 2) Drawdiagonals andellipses in boxes that

define the beginningand end of thecylinder.


43/63


Drawing Cylinders

Step 3) Draw twolines that connect thetwo ellipses.

The lines will startand end at theintersection betweenthe ellipse and the

major axis diagonal.


44/63


Drawing Cylinders

Step 4) Erase allconstruction linesand any lines that fall

behind the cylinder.


45/63


Exercise 7-4

Creating an isometric pictorial 2

Skip to next part of the exercise


46/63


Exercise 7-4

Create a full scale isometric pictorial ofthe following object. The grid spacing is10 mm .

St 1) D th li f t f


47/63

Step 1) Draw the linear features ofthe object using the procedurepreviously described.


48/63


49/63

Repeat for the bottom radius


50/63

Repeat for the bottom radius.

Use a vertical line to connect the


51/63

Use a vertical line to connect theellipses.

Draw the defining boxes for the


52/63

Draw the defining boxes for thecylindrical feature on the top of thepart.

Draw and connect the ellipses


53/63

Draw and connect the ellipses.

Draw the ellipse that represents the


54/63

Draw the ellipse that represents thethru hole.

Draw the defining box and cylinder


55/63

Draw the defining box and cylinderthat defines the counterbore.

Draw the ellipse representing the


56/63

Draw the ellipse representing thedrill. Only a small piece shows.

Step 4) Erase all construction and


57/63

Step 4) Erase all construction andunwanted lines.


58/63


Pictorials

7.6) Oblique Pictorial Overview


59/63


Oblique Pictorials

What differences can you see?


60/63


Oblique Pictorials

In the oblique pictorials coordinate systemonly one axes is at an angle. The angle may range between 0 and 90

degrees; however, the most commonly usedangle is 45 degrees.


61/63


Oblique Pictorials

The featuresdrawn on the planedefined by thevertical andhorizontal axes aredrawn at full scaleand true shape .


62/63


Oblique Pictorials

The linear featuresdrawn on the angledaxis may be fullscale (cavalierprojection) or maybe drawnforeshortened. The most common,

is half scale(cabinet projection).


63/63

Pictorials

The End

7 pictorials

Documents