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OptiX RTN 950 Radio Transmission System

V100R002C00

Product Description

Issue 02

Date 2009-10-30

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.



Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2009-2009. All rights reserved.

No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written

consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Trademarks and Permissions

and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective holders.

Notice

The purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and the

customer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be within the

purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements, information,and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees or representations

of any kind, either express or implied.

The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the

preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and

recommendations in this document do not constitute the warranty of any kind, express or implied.

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Address: Huawei Industrial Base

Bantian, Longgang

Shenzhen 518129

People's Republic of China

Website: http://www.huawei.com

Email: [email protected]

Issue 02 (2009-10-30) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential

Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

i

http://www.huawei.com/



About This Document

Purpose

This document describes the network application, functions and features, structure, networking,

network management system (NMS), and performance indexes of the OptiX RTN 950 radio

transmission system, thus providing comprehensive information about the OptiX RTN 950

product for readers.

Related Versions

The following table lists the product versions related to this document.

Product Name Version

OptiX RTN 950 V100R002C00

iManager U2000 V100R001C00

Intended Audience

This document is intended for network planning engineers.

Before you read this document, ensure that you have acquired the basic knowledge of digital

microwave communication.

Organization

This document is organized as follows.

Chapter Content

1 Introduction Describes the network application and components of the

OptiX RTN 950.

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description About This Document



iii



Chapter Content

2 Functions and Features Describes the functions and features of the OptiX RTN 950.

3 Product Structure Describes the system architecture, hardware architecture,

software architecture, and signal processing flow of the OptiXRTN 950.

4 Networking Describes common networking modes of the OptiX RTN

950.

5 Network Management

System

Describes the network management (NM) solution for the

OptiX RTN 950, and also the NM software that contributes

to this solution.

6 Performance Describes the performance indexes of the OptiX RTN 950.

A Compliance Standards Describes the compliance standards of the OptiX RTN 950.

B Glossary Lists the terms.

C Acronyms and

Abbreviations

Lists the acronyms and abbreviations.

Conventions

Symbol ConventionsThe symbols that may be found in this document are defined as follows.

Symbol Description

Indicates a hazard with a high level of risk,

which if not avoided, will result in death or

serious injury.

Indicates a hazard with a medium or low level

of risk, which if not avoided, could result in

minor or moderate injury.

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation,

which if not avoided, could result in

equipment damage, data loss, performance

degradation, or unexpected results.

Indicates a tip that may help you solve a

problem or save time.

Provides additional information to emphasize

or supplement important points of the main

text.

About This Document

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description

iv Huawei Proprietary and Confidential


Issue 02 (2009-10-30)



General Conventions

The general conventions that may be found in this document are defined as follows.

Convention Description

Times New Roman Normal paragraphs are in Times New Roman.

Boldface Names of files, directories, folders, and users are in

boldface. For example, log in as user root.

Italic Book titles are in italics.

Courier New Examples of information displayed on the screen are in

Courier New.

Update History

Updates between document issues are cumulative. Thus, the latest document issue contains all

updates made in previous issues.

Updates in Issue 02 (2009-10-30) Based on Product Version V100R002C00

This document is the second release for the V100R002C00 version.

The updated contents are as follows:

Update Description

6 Performance The specifications of the product are updated.

Updates in Issue 01 (2009-06-30) Based on Product Version V100R002C00

This document is the first release of the V100R002C00 version.

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description About This Document



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Contents

About This Document...................................................................................................................iii

1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................1-1

1.1 Network Application.......................................................................................................................................1-2

1.2 Radio Link Forms............................................................................................................................................1-31.3 Components.....................................................................................................................................................1-4

2 Functions and Features..............................................................................................................2-1

2.1 Frequency Band...............................................................................................................................................2-3

2.2 Microwave Types............................................................................................................................................2-3

2.2.1 PDH Microwave.....................................................................................................................................2-3

2.2.2 SDH Microwave.....................................................................................................................................2-4

2.2.3 Hybrid Microwave.................................................................................................................................2-4

2.3 Modulation Strategy........................................................................................................................................2-5

2.3.1 Fixed Modulation...................................................................................................................................2-52.3.2 Adaptive Modulation..............................................................................................................................2-6

2.4 RF Configuration Modes.................................................................................................................................2-7

2.5 Capacity...........................................................................................................................................................2-8

2.5.1 Air Inter face Capacity............................................................................................................................2-8

2.5.2 Cross-Connect Capacity.........................................................................................................................2-9

2.5.3 Switching Capacity................................................................................................................................2-9

2.6 Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................2-9

2.6.1 Micr owave Interfaces.............................................................................................................................2-9

2.6.2 Service Interfaces.................................................................................................................................2-10

2.6.3 Management and Auxiliary Interfaces.................................................................................................2-11

2.7 Cross-Polarization Interference Cancellation................................................................................................2-12

2.8 Automatic Transmit Power Control..............................................................................................................2-12

2.9 Ethernet Service Processing Capability........................................................................................................2-12

2.10 QoS..............................................................................................................................................................2-14

2.11 Clock Features.............................................................................................................................................2-14

2.12 Protection Capability...................................................................................................................................2-14

2.13 Network Management.................................................................................................................................2-15

2.14 Easy Installation..........................................................................................................................................2-16

2.15 Easy Maintenance.......................................................................................................................................2-17

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vii



3 Product Structure........................................................................................................................3-1

3.1 System Architecture........................................................................................................................................3-2

3.1.1 SDH/PDH Microwave............................................................................................................................3-2

3.1.2 Hybrid Microwave.................................................................................................................................3-3

3.2 Hardware Structure.........................................................................................................................................3-5

3.2.1 IDU.........................................................................................................................................................3-5

3.2.2 ODU.......................................................................................................................................................3-7

3.3 Software Structure...........................................................................................................................................3-9

3.3.1 NMS Software........................................................................................................................................3-9

3.3.2 IDU Sof tware.........................................................................................................................................3-9

3.3.3 ODU Software......................................................................................................................................3-10

3.4 Service Signal Processing Flow....................................................................................................................3-10

3.4.1 SDH/PDH Microwave..........................................................................................................................3-10

3.4.2 Hybrid Microwave...............................................................................................................................3-12

4 Networking..................................................................................................................................4-1

4.1 SDH/PDH Microwave.....................................................................................................................................4-2

4.1.1 Chain Networking..................................................................................................................................4-2

4.1.2 Ring Networking....................................................................................................................................4-2

4.2 Hybrid Microwave..........................................................................................................................................4-4

4.2.1 Chain Networking..................................................................................................................................4-4

4.2.2 Ring Networking....................................................................................................................................4-5

5 Network Management System................................................................................................5-15.1 Network Management Solution......................................................................................................................5-2

5.2 LCT.................................................................................................................................................................5-2

5.3 U2000..............................................................................................................................................................5-3

6 Performance.................................................................................................................................6-1

6.1 RF Performance...............................................................................................................................................6-2

6.1.1 Microwave Work Modes........................................................................................................................6-2

6.1.2 Frequency Band......................................................................................................................................6-4

6.1.3 Receiver Sensitivity................................................................................................................................6-6

6.1.4 Distortion Sensitivity..............................................................................................................................6-96.1.5 Transceiver Performance......................................................................................................................6-10

6.1.6 IF Performance.....................................................................................................................................6-13

6.1.7 Baseband Signal Processing Performance of the Modem....................................................................6-14

6.2 Equipment Reliability...................................................................................................................................6-14

6.2.1 Component Reliability.........................................................................................................................6-14

6.2.2 Link Reliability....................................................................................................................................6-15

6.3 Interface Perf ormance...................................................................................................................................6-15

6.3.1 SDH Optical Interface Performance.....................................................................................................6-15

6.3.2 E1 Inter face Performance.....................................................................................................................6-16

6.3.3 Ethernet Interface Performance............................................................................................................6-16

Contents

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6.3.4 Auxiliary Interface Performance..........................................................................................................6-18

6.4 Clock Timing and Synchronization Performance.........................................................................................6-19

6.5 Integrated System Performance....................................................................................................................6-20

A Compliance Standards............................................................................................................A-1A.1 ITU-R Standards............................................................................................................................................A-2

A.2 ETSI Standards..............................................................................................................................................A-2

A.3 IEC Standards................................................................................................................................................A-3

A.4 ITU-T Standards............................................................................................................................................A-4

A.5 IETF Standards..............................................................................................................................................A-6

A.6 IEEE Standards..............................................................................................................................................A-6

A.7 Environmental Standards...............................................................................................................................A-7

B Glossary......................................................................................................................................B-1

C Acronyms and Abbreviations................................................................................................C-1

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description Contents



ix



Figures

Figure 1-1 TDM microwave transmission solution provided by the OptiX RTN 950........................................ 1-2

Figure 1-2 Hybrid microwave transmission solution provided by the OptiX RTN 950......................................1-3

Figure 1-3 IDU 950..............................................................................................................................................1-4

Figure 1-4 Direct mounting..................................................................................................................................1-6

Figure 1-5 Separate mounting..............................................................................................................................1-6

Figure 2-1 PDH microwave................................................................................................................................. 2-4

Figure 2-2 SDH microwave................................................................................................................................. 2-4

Figure 2-3 Hybrid microwave..............................................................................................................................2-5

Figure 2-4 AM......................................................................................................................................................2-7

Figure 3-1 Block diagram (SDH/PDH microwave).............................................................................................3-2

Figure 3-2 Block diagram (Hybrid microwave)...................................................................................................3-4

Figure 3-3 IDU slot layout................................................................................................................................... 3-5

Figure 3-4 Block diagram of the ODU.................................................................................................................3-8

Figure 3-5 Software structure...............................................................................................................................3-9Figure 3-6 Service signal processing flow of the SDH/PDH microwave..........................................................3-10

Figure 3-7 Service signal processing flow of the Hybrid microwave................................................................3-12

Figure 4-1 TDM microwave transmission solution (chain networking)..............................................................4-2

Figure 4-2 TDM microwave transmission solution (ring networking)................................................................4-3

Figure 4-3 TDM microwave transmission solution (hybrid networking formed with the optical transmission

equipment).............................................................................................................................................................4-3

Figure 4-4 Hybrid microwave transmission solution (chain networking)............................................................4-4

Figure 4-5 Hybrid microwave transmission solution (ring networking)..............................................................4-5

Figure 5-1 Network management solution to the transmission network..............................................................5-2

Figure 6-1 W-curve............................................................................................................................................6-10

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description Figures



xi



Tables

Table 1-1 Radio link forms of the OptiX RTN 950.............................................................................................1-3

Table 1-2 Intr oduction of the IDU 950.................................................................................................................1-4

Table 1-3 ODUs supported by the OptiX RTN 950.............................................................................................1-5

Table 2-1 RF configuration modes.......................................................................................................................2-7

Table 2-2 Auxiliary services or paths provided by each microwave interface.....................................................2-9

Table 2-3 Ty pe and number of the service interfaces supported by adding service interface boards ...............2-10

Table 2-4 Ty pe and number of management and auxiliary interfaces ............................... ...............................2-11

Table 2-5 Ethernet service processing capability...............................................................................................2-12

Table 2-6 QoS features.......................................................................................................................................2-14

Table 2-7 Protection schemes.............................................................................................................................2-15

Table 3-1 Functional unit (SDH/PDH microwave)..............................................................................................3-2

Table 3-2 Functional unit (Hybrid microwave)....................................................................................................3-4

Table 3-3 List of IDUs..........................................................................................................................................3-6

Table 3-4 Ser vice signal processing flow of the SDH/PDH microwave in the transmit direction....................3-10Table 3-5 Ser vice signal processing flow of the SDH/PDH microwave in the receive direction......................3-11

Table 3-6 Ser vice signal processing flow of the Hybrid microwave in the transmit direction..........................3-13

Table 3-7 Ser vice signal processing flow of the Hybrid microwave in the receive direction............................3-14

Table 6-1 SDH/PDH microwave work modes.....................................................................................................6-2

Table 6-2 Hy brid microwave work modes...........................................................................................................6-3

Table 6-3 Frequency Band (SP ODU)..................................................................................................................6-4

Table 6-4 Frequency band (SPA ODU)...............................................................................................................6-5

Table 6-5 Frequency band (HP ODU)..................................................................................................................6-5

Table 6-6 Ty pical receiver sensitivity values (i) of the SDH/PDH microwave...................................................6-6

Table 6-7 Ty pical receiver sensitivity values (ii) of the SDH/PDH microwave..................................................6-7

Table 6-8 Ty pical values of the receiver sensitivity (i) of the Hybrid microwave...............................................6-7

Table 6-9 Ty pical values of the receiver sensitivity (ii) of the Hybrid microwave..............................................6-8

Table 6-10 Typical values of the receiver sensitivity (iii) of the Hybrid microwave...........................................6-8

Table 6-11 Typical values of the receiver sensitivity (iv) of the Hybrid microwave...........................................6-9

Table 6-12 Anti-multipath fading capability......................................................................................................6-10

Table 6-13 Transceiver Performance (SP ODU)................................................................................................6-10

Table 6-14 Transceiver performance (SPA ODU).............................................................................................6-11

Table 6-15 Transceiver performance (HP ODU)...............................................................................................6-12

Table 6-16 IF performance.................................................................................................................................6-13

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description Tables



xiii



Table 6-17 Baseband signal processing performance of the modem.................................................................6-14

Table 6-18 Component reliability ......................................................................................................................6-14

Table 6-19 Link reliability per hop.....................................................................................................................6-15

Table 6-20 STM-1 optical interface performance..............................................................................................6-15

Table 6-21 E1 interface performance.................................................................................................................6-16

Table 6-22 Performance of the GE optical interface .........................................................................................6-17

Table 6-23 GE electric interface performance....................................................................................................6-17

Table 6-24 FE electric interface performance....................................................................................................6-18

Table 6-25 Orderwire interface performance.....................................................................................................6-18

Table 6-26 Synchronous data interface performance.........................................................................................6-19

Table 6-27 Asynchronous data interface performance.......................................................................................6-19

Table 6-28 Wayside service interface performance........................................................................................... 6-19

Table 6-29 Clock timing and synchronization performance.............................................................................. 6-20

Table 6-30 Dimensions.......................................................................................................................................6-20

Table 6-31 Power Supply...................................................................................................................................6-20

Table 6-32 Environment performance................................................................................................................6-21

Table A-1 ITU-R standard...................................................................................................................................A-2

Table A-2 ETSI standard.....................................................................................................................................A-3

Table A-3 Relevant IEC standards......................................................................................................................A-4

Table A-4 ITU-T standard...................................................................................................................................A-4

Table A-5 IETF standard.....................................................................................................................................A-6

Table A-6 IEEE standard.....................................................................................................................................A-6

Table A-7 environmental standard......................................................................................................................A-7

Tables

OptiX RTN 950

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xiv Huawei Proprietary and Confidential


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1 Introduction

About This Chapter

The OptiX RTN 950 is one of the series products of the OptiX RTN 900 radio transmission

system.

1.1 Network Application

The OptiX RTN 900 is a new generation split microwave transmission system developed by

Huawei. It can provide a seamless microwave transmission solution for a mobile communication

network or pr ivate network.

1.2 Radio Link Forms

The OptiX RTN 950 provides the radio links of different forms by flexibly configuring different

IF boards and ODUs to meet the requirements of different microwave application scenarios.

1.3 Components

The OptiX RTN 950 adopts a split structure. The system consists of the IDU950, the ODU, and

the antenna system. An ODU is connected to an IDU through an IF cable.

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description 1 Introduction



1-1



1.1 Network Application

The OptiX RTN 900 is a new generation split microwave transmission system developed by

Huawei. It can provide a seamless microwave transmission solution for a mobile communication

network or private network.

The OptiX RTN 900 products are available in two types: OptiX RTN 910 and OptiX RTN 950.

The IDU of the OptiX RTN 910 is 1U high and supports one or two IF boards. The IDU of the

OptiX RTN 950 is 2U high and supports one to six IF boards. The users can choose an appropriate

type based on the actual requirements.

The OptiX RTN 950 provides several types of service interfaces and facilitates installation and

flexible configuration. It can provide a solution that is integrated with the TDM microwave,

Hybrid microwave, and Packet microwave based on the network requirements. It supports the

smooth upgrade from the TDM microwave to the Hybrid microwave, and from the Hybrid

microwave to the Packet microwave. The solution can evolve based on the service changes thatoccur due to radio mobile network evolution. Thus, this solution can meet the transmission

requirements of not only 2G and 3G networks, but also future LTE and 4G networks.

Figure 1-1 and Figure 1-2 show the TDM microwave transmission solution and the Hybrid

microwave transmission solution respectively that are provided by the OptiX RTN 950 for the

mobile communication network.

Figure 1-1 TDM microwave transmission solution provided by the OptiX RTN 950

OptiX RTN 950 BTS BSC

E1

E1

E1

STM-1/E1 E1Regional Backhaul

Network

E1 E1

E1

E1

E1

E1

1 Introduction

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description

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Issue 02 (2009-10-30)



Figure 1-2 Hybrid microwave transmission solution provided by the OptiX RTN 950

Regional backhaul

network

OptiX RTN 950 BTSNodeB BSCRNC

FE

E1

FE

E1

E1

E1FE

FE/GE

E1

GE

E1

E1

STM-1/

E1

FE

NOTE

l In the solutions, the local backhaul network is optional. The OptiX RTN 950 can be connected to the RNC

or the BSC directly.

1.2 Radio Link FormsThe OptiX RTN 950 provides the radio links of different forms by flexibly configuring different

IF boards and ODUs to meet the requirements of different microwave application scenarios.

Table 1-1 Radio link forms of the OptiX RTN 950

Radio Link Form Type of theSystem Control,Cross-Connect,and Timing Board

Type of the IFBoard

Type of the ODU

SDH/PDH radio link CST/CSH IF1 Standard power ODU or high power

ODU

Hybrid radio link CSH IFU2 Standard power

ODU or high power

ODU

Hybrid radio link that

supports the XPIC

CSH IFX2 Standard power

ODU or high power

ODU

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description 1 Introduction



1-3



1.3 Components

The OptiX RTN 950 adopts a split structure. The system consists of the IDU950, the ODU, and

the antenna system. An ODU is connected to an IDU through an IF cable.

IDU 950

The IDU 950 is the indoor unit of an OptiX RTN 950 system. It accesses services, performs

multiplexing/demultiplexing and IF processing of the services, and provides system control and

communication function.

Table 1-2 lists the basic features of the IDU 950.

Table 1-2 Introduction of the IDU 950

Item Performance

Chassis height 2U

Pluggable Supported

Number of microwave

directions

1-6

RF configuration mode 1+0 non-protection configuration

N+0 non-protection configuration (N≤ 5)

1+1 protection configuration N+1 protection configuration (N≤ 4)

XPIC configuration

Figure 1-3 IDU 950

1 Introduction

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description



Issue 02 (2009-10-30)



Figure 1-4 Direct mounting

l The separate mounting method is adopted when a double-polarized antenna or big-diameter

and single-polarized antenna is used. Figure 1-5 shows the separate method. In this

situation, a hybrid coupler can be mounted. That is, two ODUs share one feed boom.

Figure 1-5 Separate mounting

1 Introduction

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description



Issue 02 (2009-10-30)



2 Functions and Features

About This Chapter

The OptiX R TN 950 provides plentiful functions and features to ensure the quality and efficiency

of service transmission.

2.1 Frequency Band

The OptiX R TN 950 provides the products of full frequency bands.

2.2 Microwave Types

Different radio link forms of OptiX RTN 950 support different types of microwaves. The radio

link form of the SDH/PDH microwave supports the PDH microwave and the SDH microwave.

2.3 Modulation Strategy

The SDH/PDH microwave supports fixed modulation, whereas the Hybrid microwave supports

fixed modulation and adaptive modulation.

2.4 RF Configuration Modes

The OptiX R TN 950 supports the 1+0 non-protection configuration, the N+0 non-protection

configuration, 1+1 protection configuration, N+1 protection configuration, and XPIC

configuration.

2.5 Capacity

The OptiX RTN 950 has a high capacity.

2.6 InterfacesThe OptiX RTN 950 features multiple interface types.

2.7 Cross-Polarization Interference Cancellation

Cross-polarization interference cancellation (XPIC) is a technology used together with co-

channel dual-polarization (CCDP). The application of the two technologies doubles the wireless

link capacity over the same channel.

2.8 Automatic Transmit Power Control

Automatic transmit power control (ATPC) enables the output power of the transmitter to

automatically trace the level fluctuation at the receive end within the ATPC control range. This

reduces the interference with neighboring systems and residual BER.

2.9 Ethernet Service Processing CapabilityThe OptiX RTN 950 provides the powerful Ethernet service processing capability.

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description 2 Functions and Features



2-1



2.1 Frequency Band

The OptiX RTN 950 provides the products of full frequency bands.

l When the OptiX RTN 950 uses the standard power ODU, the 6, 7, 8, 11, 13, 15, 18, 23,

26, and 38 GHz frequency bands are supported.

l When the OptiX RTN 950 uses the high power ODU, the 7, 8, 11, 13, 15, 18, 23, 26, 32,

and 38 GHz frequency bands are supported.

2.2 Microwave Types

Different radio link forms of OptiX RTN 950 support different types of microwaves. The radio

link form of the SDH/PDH microwave supports the PDH microwave and the SDH microwave.

2.2.1 PDH Microwave

The PDH microwave refers to the microwave that transmits only the PDH services (mainly, the

E1 services). During the transmission, the PDH microwave does not change the features of the

PDH services.

2.2.2 SDH Microwave

The SDH microwave refers to the microwave that transmits SDH services. During the

transmission, the SDH microwave does not change the features of the SDH services.

2.2.3 Hybrid Microwave

The Hybrid microwave refers to the microwave that transmits native E1 services and native

Ethernet services in hybrid mode. The Hybrid microwave supports the AM function. During the

transmission, the Hybrid microwave does not change the features of the E1 services and Ethernetservices.

2.2.1 PDH Microwave

The PDH microwave refers to the micr owave that transmits only the PDH services (mainly, the

E1 services). During the transmission, the PDH microwave does not change the features of the

PDH services.

Unlike the conventional PDH microwave equipment, the OptiX RTN 950 has a built-in MADM.

The MADM grooms the E1 services to the microwave port for further transmission. Thus, the

services can be groomed flexibly and seamless convergence between the optical network and

the microwave network is achieved.

OptiX RTN 950




2-3



Figure 2-1 PDH microwave

ODU

E1

IDU

OH MADM

PDH radioSDH

……

2.2.2 SDH Microwave

The SDH microwave refers to the microwave that transmits SDH services. During the

transmission, the SDH microwave does not change the features of the SDH services.

Unlike the conventional SDH microwave equipment, the OptiX RTN 950 has a built-in MADM.

The MADM grooms services to the microwave port through cross-connections, maps the

services into the STM-1-based microwave frames, and then transmits the STM-1-based

microwave frames. Thus, the services can be groomed flexibly and seamless convergence

between the optical network and the microwave network is achieved.

Figure 2-2 SDH microwave

ODU

E1

IDU

MADM

SDH radioSDH

OH

……

OH

……


The Hybrid microwave refers to the microwave that transmits native E1 services and native

Ethernet services in hybrid mode. The Hybrid microwave supports the AM function. During the

transmission, the Hybrid microwave does not change the features of the E1 services and Ethernetservices.


OptiX RTN 950

Product Description



Issue 02 (2009-10-30)



The OptiX RTN 950 has a built-in MADM and a packet processing platform. The MADM

transmits E1 services that are accessed locally or extracted from the SDH to the microwave port.

After processing the accessed Ethernet services in the unified manner, the packet processing

platform transmits the Ethernet services to the microwave port. The microwave port maps the

E1 services and the Ethernet services into Hybrid microwave frames and then transmits the

Hybrid microwave frames.

Figure 2-3 Hybrid microwave

ODU

Ethernet

E1

IDU

TDM

cross-connect

matrix

Packet

switching

Hybrid radio

Native E1 and native Ethernet

The characteristics of Hybrid microwave frames are as follows:

l The frames with a fixed period are used for transmission.

l In the specific modulation mode or channel spacing, the length of Hybrid microwave frames

remains unchanged.

l The E1 services in Hybrid microwave frames occupy a fixed bandwidth (when N E1

services are transmitted, the bandwidth of N E1 services is occupied). Thus, the Hybridmicrowave does not change the features of the E1 services during transmission.

l In Hybrid microwave frames, the Ethernet services occupy the remaining bandwidth of the

E1 services. The encapsulation adaptation processing of the Ethernet frames is performed,

so the Hybrid microwave does not change the features of the Ethernet services during

transmission.

2.3 Modulation Strategy

The SDH/PDH microwave supports fixed modulation, whereas the Hybrid microwave supports

fixed modulation and adaptive modulation.

2.3.1 Fixed Modulation

Fixed modulation refers to a modulation strategy wherein a modulation mode is adopted

invariably on a running radio link.

2.3.2 Adaptive Modulation

Adaptive modulation (AM) is a technology wherein the modulation mode can be adjusted

automatically based on channel quality.

2.3.1 Fixed Modulation

Fixed modulation refers to a modulation strategy wherein a modulation mode is adoptedinvariably on a running radio link.

OptiX RTN 950




2-5



When the OptiX RTN 950 uses the fixed modulation strategy, you can set the modulation mode

through the software.

2.3.2 Adaptive Modulation

Adaptive modulation (AM) is a technology wherein the modulation mode can be adjusted

automatically based on channel quality.

In the case of the same channel spacing, the microwave service bandwidth varies with the

modulation mode. The higher the modulation efficiency, the higher the bandwidth of the

transmitted services is. When the channel quality is favorable (such as on days when the weather

is favorable), the equipment adopts a higher modulation mode to transmit more user services.

In this manner, the transmission efficiency and the spectrum utilization of the system are

improved. When the channel quality is degraded (such as on days when the weather is stormy

and foggy), the equipment adopts a lower modulation mode to transmit only the services with

a higher priority within the available bandwidth and to discard the services with a lower priority.

In this manner, the anti-interference capability of the radio link is improved and the link

availability of the services with a higher priority is ensured.

When the Hybrid microwave equipment adopts the AM technology, it controls service

transmission based on the service bandwidth and QoS policy corresponding to the current

modulation mode. The E1 services have the highest priority. By adopting the CoS technology,

the equipment schedules Ethernet services of different types to the queues with different

priorities. The services in the queues with different priorities are transmitted to the microwave

port through the SP or WRR algorithm. When the queues with certain priorities are congested

due to insufficient microwave bandwidth, the queues with these priorities discard certain or all

services. When the Hybrid microwave works in the lowest modulation mode, the equipment

transmits only the E1 services and the Ethernet services with a high priority within the available

bandwidth. When the Hy brid microwave works in any other modulation mode, all the additional

bandwidth is used to transmit the Ethernet services. In this manner, the availability of the linksthat carry the E1 services and the Ethernet services with the high priority is ensured and the

Ethernet service capacity is increased, thus providing the dynamic bandwidth.

Figure 2-4 shows the service change caused by the AM. The orange part indicates the E1

services, and the blue part indicates the Ethernet services. The closer to the edge of the blue part,

the lower the priority of the Ethernet service is. Under all channel conditions, the E1 services

occupy the specific bandwidth that is permanently available. Thus, the availability of the E1

services is ensured. The bandwidth for the Ethernet services varies with the channel conditions.

When the channel is in bad conditions, the Ethernet services with a low priority are discarded.


OptiX RTN 950

Product Description



Issue 02 (2009-10-30)



Figure 2-4 AM

Channel

capability

E1 services

256QAM32QAM

QPSK

256QAM

128QAM

32QAM

128QAM

64QAM

64QAM

16QAM

16QAM

Ethernet

services

The AM technology adopted by the OptiX RTN 950 has the following features:

l The AM technology can use the QPSK, 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM, 128QAM, and

256QAM modulation mode.

l The lowest modulation mode (also called "reference mode") and the highest modulation

mode (also called "nominal mode") actually used by the AM can be configured.

l When the modulation modes of AM are switched, the transmit frequency, receive

frequency, and channel spacing do not change.

l When the modulation modes of AM are switched, the step-by-step switching mode must

be adopted.

l When the AM switches the modulation modes to a lower one, the services with the low

priority are discarded but no bit errors or slips occur in the services with the high priority.

The speed of switching the modulation modes meets the requirement for no bit error in the

case of 100 dB/s fast fading.

2.4 RF Configuration ModesThe OptiX RTN 950 supports the 1+0 non-protection configuration, the N+0 non-protection

configuration, 1+1 protection configuration, N+1 protection configuration, and XPIC

configuration.

Table 2-1 lists the RF link configuration modes that are supported.

Table 2-1 RF configuration modes

Configuration Mode Maximum Number of Configurations

1+0 non-protection configuration 6

OptiX RTN 950




2-7



power ODU is used. If the XPIC technology is used, the service capacity of the microwave

channel can be doubled with same the spectrum bandwidth.

2.5.2 Cross-Connect Capacity

The OptiX RTN 950 has a built-in MADM and provides full timeslot cross-connections for

VC-12/VC-3/VC-4 services equivalent to 32x32 VC-4s.

2.5.3 Switching Capacity

The OptiX RTN 950 has a built-in packet processing platform with the switching capacity of

10 Gbit/s.

2.6 InterfacesThe OptiX R TN 950 features multiple interface types.

2.6.1 Microwave Interfaces

The OptiX RTN 950 provides microwave interfaces on the IF board and the ODU that is

connected to the IF board. Each microwave interface transmits one channel of microwave

service. In addition, it transmits various auxiliary services or paths through the microwave

overheads.

2.6.2 Service Interfaces

The service interfaces of different types can be provided by configuring different service

interface boards.

2.6.3 Management and Auxiliary Interfaces

The OptiX RTN 950 provides the management and auxiliary interfaces through the system

control, switching, and timing board and the auxiliary board.

2.6.1 Microwave Interfaces

The OptiX R TN 950 provides microwave interfaces on the IF board and the ODU that is

connected to the IF board. Each microwave interface transmits one channel of microwave

service. In addition, it transmits various auxiliary services or paths through the microwave

overheads.

Table 2-2 lists the auxiliary services or paths provided by each microwave interface.

Table 2-2 Auxiliary services or paths provided by each microwave interface

Service/Path Type Quantity Rate

Synchronous data service 1 64 kbit/s

Asynchronous data service 1 19.2 kbit/s

Orderwire phone service 1 64 kbit/s

Wayside E1 service

a 1 2048 kbit/s

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Service/Path Type Quantity Rate

DCC path 1 64 kbit/s (The capacity is

lower than 16xE1 PDH

microwaves.)

192 kbit/s (The capacity is

not lower than 16xE1 SDH/

PDH microwaves.)

192 kbit/s (Hybrid

microwave)

NOTE

l The wayside E1 service is supported only when the radio link works in STM-1 mode.

2.6.2 Service Interfaces

The service interfaces of different types can be provided by configuring different service

interface boards.

Table 2-3 lists the type and number of the service interfaces supported by adding service

interface boards to the OptiX RTN 950.

Table 2-3 Type and number of the service interfaces supported by adding service interface

boards

Type of ServiceInterface Board

MaximumNumber of Boards

Provided ServiceInterface

Number ofInterfacesProvided by OneBoard

SP3S 5 75-ohm or 120-ohm

E1 interface

16

SP3D 5 75-ohm or 120-ohm

E1 interface

32

SL1D 5 STM-1 optical

interface: Ie-1, S-1.1,

L-1.1, and L-1.2

2

EM6T 5 FE electrical

interface:

10/100BASE-T(X)

4

GE electrical

interface:

10/100/1000BASE-

T(X)

2


OptiX RTN 950

Product Description



Issue 02 (2009-10-30)



Type of ServiceInterface Board

MaximumNumber of Boards

Provided ServiceInterface

Number ofInterfacesProvided by OneBoard

EM6F 5 FE electrical

interface:

10/100BASE-T(X)

4

GE electrical

interface:

10/100/1000BASE-

T(X) or

GE optical interface:

1000Base-SX,

1000Base-LX

2

NOTE

"Maximum Number of Boards" in the Table 2-3 is the maximum number calculated when at least one IF

board is configured.

2.6.3 Management and Auxiliary Interfaces

The OptiX RTN 950 provides the management and auxiliary interfaces through the system

control, switching, and timing board and the auxiliary board.

Table 2-4 Type and number of management and auxiliary interfaces

Interface Specifications Quantity

External clock

interface

Combined 120-ohm 2,048 kbit/s or 2,048 kHz clock

input/output interface

1

Management

interface

10/100BASE-T(X) NM interface 1

NM serial interface 1

10/100BASE-T(X) NE cascading interface 1

Auxiliaryinterface

Orderwire interface 1

RS-232 asynchronous data interface 1

64 kbit/s synchronous data interface 1

Wayside E1 interface 1

Alarm interface Alarm input/output interface Four inputs and

two outputs

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2-11



NOTE

l The external clock interface and wayside E1 interface are combined into one interface. This interface can

transparently transmit the DCC byte, orderwire overhead byte, and synchronous/asynchronous data service

overhead byte. One interface, however, can implement only one of the three functions: external clock

interface, wayside E1 service, and transparent transmission of the overhead byte.l The 64 kbit/s synchronous data interface can transparently transmit the orderwire byte. One interface,

however, can implement only one of the two functions: 64 kbit/s synchronous data interface and transparent

transmission of the orderwire byte.

l The external clock interface and the management interface are provided by the system control, switching,

and timing board (CST/CSH). The auxiliary interface and the alarm interface are provided by the AUX

board.

l The number of external clock interfaces or the number of management interfaces listed in the table is the

number of interfaces provided by one system control, switching, and timing board.

2.7 Cross-Polarization Interference Cancellation

Cross-polarization interference cancellation (XPIC) is a technology used together with co-

channel dual-polarization (CCDP). The application of the two technologies doubles the wireless

link capacity over the same channel.

CCDP transmission adopts both the horizontally polarized wave and the vertically polarized

wave on one channel to transmit two channels of signals. The ideal situation of CCDP

transmission is that no interference is present between the two orthogonal signals although they

are with the same frequency. In this manner, the receiver can easily recover the two signals. In

actual engineering conditions, despite the orthogonality of the two signals, interference between

the signals inevitably occurs due to cross-polarization discrimination (XPD) of the antenna and

channel degradation. To cancel the interference, the XPIC technology is adopted. In XPIC

technology, the signals are received in the horizontal and vertical directions. The signals in thetwo directions are then processed and the original signals are recovered from interfered signals.

2.8 Automatic Transmit Power Control

Automatic transmit power control (ATPC) enables the output power of the transmitter to

automatically trace the level fluctuation at the receive end within the ATPC control range. This

reduces the interference with neighboring systems and residual BER.

2.9 Ethernet Service Processing CapabilityThe OptiX RTN 950 provides the powerful Ethernet service processing capability.

Table 2-5 Ethernet service processing capability

Item Performance

Ethernet service

type

E-LINE and E-LAN

Maximum frame

length

1518 bytes to 9600 bytes


OptiX RTN 950

Product Description



Issue 02 (2009-10-30)



Item Performance

VLAN l Adds, deletes, and switches VALN tags that comply with IEEE

802.1q/p, and forwards packets based on VLAN tags.

l Processes packets based on the port tag attribute (Tag/Hybrid/Access).

MAC address

learning

capability

l The E-LAN service supports the MAC address learning capability in

two learning modes: SVL and IVL.

l The capacity of the MAC address table is 16 k (including static

entities).

l The MAC address aging time can be configured. The value ranges

from 1 to 65535 minutes.

MSTP Supports the MSTP protocol, and generates only the Common and

Internal Spanning Tree (CIST).

IGMP Snooping Supported.

Link aggregation Supported for the FE/GE port and microwave port. Supports manual

aggregation and static aggregation, and load sharing and non-load

sharing. The load sharing algorithm is implemented based on the hash

of the MAC address or IP address.

ERPS Supports the G.8032 compliant ring network protection of Ethernet

services.

LPT Disables the Ethernet port that is connected to the user equipment when

the transmission network fails.

QoS Supported. For details, see 2.10 QoS.

Traffic control

function

Supports the IEEE 802.3x complaint traffic control function.

ETH-OAM Supports IEEE 802.1ag and IEEE 802.3ah compliant ETH-OAM

function.

Ethernet

performance

monitoring

Supports IETF RFC2819 compliant RMON performance monitoring.

Port mirror Supported.

Synchronous

Ethernet

Supports G.8261 and G.8262 compliant synchronous Ethernet.

NOTE

l The E-Line service is an Ethernet private line service. The OptiX RTN 950 supports the private line service

based on the Port, Port+VLAN, and Port+QinQ. A maximum of 1024 E-Line services are supported.

l The E-LAN service is an Ethernet private line service. The OptiX RTN 950 supports the private line service

based on the 802.1d bridge, 802.1q bridge, and 802.1ad bridge. The bridge supports a maximum of 1024

logical ports.

OptiX RTN 950




2-13



Table 2-7 Protection schemes

Item Protection Capability

Power supply 1+1 hot backup for the power input unit

1+1 hot backup of the internal power module

Control, switching, and timing

board

1+1 hot backup

Radio Link 1+1 HSB/SD/FD

N+1 protection (N≤ 4)

SNCP for TDM servicea, b

ERPS for Ethernet service b

LAG protection for Ethernet service

Ethernet LAG protection, which is supported for the FE/GE port and

microwave port

MSTP

ERPS

STM-1 1+1 linear MSP

N:1 linear MSP (N≤ 4)

SNCP for servicec

NOTE

l a: When the SDH/PDH radio link forms the ring network protection, the SNCP is used to protect SDH/PDH

services.

l b: When the Hybrid radio link forms the ring network protection, the SNCP is used to protect E1 services

and the ERPS is used to protect Ethernet services.

l c: When the SDH radio link and the optical STM-1 path form a hybrid ring network, the SNCP is used to

protect services on the ring network.

2.13 Network Management

The OptiX RTN 950 supports multiple network management (NM) modes, and provides

complete NM information exchange schemes.

NM Mode

The OptiX RTN 950 supports the following functions:

l Accessing the iManager LCT directly at the near end of the NE to perform the single-point

management for the NE

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2-15



l Using the OptiX iManager U2000 to manage all OptiX RTN NEs on the transmission

network and the NEs of Huawei optical transmission products in the concentrated manner

and to manage the transmission networks in the unified manner

l Using the SNMP agent to query alarms and performance events

NM Information Exchange Schemes

At the physical layer, the OptiX RTN 950 supports the following NM information exchange

schemes:

l Using one or three Huawei-defined DCC bytes in the PDH microwave frame to transmit

NM information

l Using the D1-D3, D4-D12, or D1-D12 bytes in the SDH microwave frame and the SDH

frame to transmit NM information

l Using three Huawei-defined bytes in the Hybrid microwave frame to transmit NM

information

l Using the Ethernet NM interface to transmit NM information

l Using the DCC bytes that are transmitted through the external clock interface to transmit

NM information on an SDH/PDH network

l Supporting the inband DCN function, and using the Ethernet service bandwidth to transmit

NM information at the Hybrid microwave port or FE/GE port

At the network layer, the OptiX RTN 950 supports the following NM information exchange

schemes:

l Using HWECC to transmit NM information

l Using IP over DCC to transmit NM information

l Using OSI over DCC to transmit NM information

2.14 Easy Installation

The OptiX RTN 950 supports several installation modes. Thus, the installation of the equipment

is flexible and convenient.

The IDU can be installed in the following modes:

l In a 300 mm ETSI cabinet

l In a 600 mm ETSI cabinet

l In a 450 mm 19-inch cabinet

l In a 600 mm 19-inch cabinet

l In an open cabinet

l On a wall

l On a table

The ODU supports two installation modes: direct mounting and separate mounting.


OptiX RTN 950

Product Description



Issue 02 (2009-10-30)



Functional Unit Function

Timeslot cross-

connect unit

Provides the cross-connect function and grooms TDM services.

IF unit l Maps service signals to microwave frame signals and demapsmicrowave frame signals to service signals.

l Performs conversion between microwave frame signals and IF

analog signals.

l Provides the O&M channel between the IDU and the ODU.

l Supports FEC.

Control unit l Provides the system communications and control.

l Provides the system configuration and management.

l Collects alarms and monitors performance.

l Processes overheads.

Clock unit l Traces the clock source signals and provides various clock signals

for the system.

l Provides the input/output interface for external clock signals.

Auxiliary interface

unit

l Provides the orderwire interface.

l Provides the synchronous/asynchronous data interface.

l Provides the external alarm input/output interface.

Power unit l Accesses -48 V/-60 V DC power.

l Provides DC power for the IDU.

l Provides -48 V DC power for the ODU.

Fan unit Provides the wind cooling function for the IDU.


The Hybrid microwave equipment consists of a series of functional units, including the service

interface unit, timeslot cross-connect unit, packet switching unit, IF unit, control unit, clock unit,

auxiliary interface unit, fan unit, power unit, and ODU.

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description 3 Product Structure



3-3



Figure 3-2 Block diagram (Hybrid microwave)

Sync/Async data

External alarm data

Packet

switching

unit

IF unit

ODU

E1/STM-1

-48V/-60V DC

IDU

Ethernet

Ethernet

signal

Timeslot

cross-

connect

unit

VC-4

signal

Orderwire data

Service

interface

unit

Control and

overhead bus

Fan

unit

Clock

unit

Control

unit

Auxiliaryinterface

unit

Power

unit

Clock interface NM data

Ethernet

signal

VC-4

signal

IF signal

RF

signal

Antenna

Table 3-2 Functional unit (Hybrid microwave)


Service interface

unit

l Accesses E1 signals.

l Accesses STM-1 signals.

l Accesses Ethernet signals.

Timeslot cross-

connect unit

Provides the cross-connect function and grooms TDM services.

Packet switching

unit

Processes Ethernet services and forwards packets.

IF unit l Maps service signals to microwave frame signals and demapsmicrowave frame signals to service signals.

l Performs conversion between microwave frame signals and IF

analog signals.

l Provides the O&M channel between the IDU and the ODU.

l Supports FEC.

Control unit l Provides the system communications and control.

l Provides the system configuration and management.

l Collects alarms and monitors performance.

l Processes overheads.

3 Product Structure

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description



Issue 02 (2009-10-30)




Clock unit l Traces the clock source signal and provides various clock signals

for the system.

l Supports input and output of one external clock signal.

Auxiliary interface

unit

l Provides the orderwire interface.

l Provides the synchronous/asynchronous data interface.

l Provides the external alarm input/output interface.

Power unit l Accesses -48 V/-60 V DC power.

l Provides DC power for the IDU.

l Provides -48 V DC power for the ODU.

Fan unit Provides the wind cooling function for the IDU

3.2 Hardware Structure

The OptiX RTN 950 adopts a split structure. The system consists of the IDU and the ODU. An

ODU is connected to an IDU through an IF cable. The IF cable transmits IF service signals and

the O&M signals of the ODU, and supplies -48 V DC power to the ODU.

3.2.1 IDU

The IDU 950 is the indoor unit of the OptiX RTN 950.

3.2.2 ODU

The ODU is an integrated system and has various types. The architectures and working principles

of various types of ODUs are almost the same.

3.2.1 IDU

The IDU 950 is the indoor unit of the OptiX RTN 950.

The IDU 950 adopts the card plug-in design. It can implement different functions by configuring

different types of boards. All the service boards support hot-swapping.

Figure 3-3 IDU slot layout

Slot

9

(PIU)

Slot 7 (CST/CSH)

Slot 1 (EXT)

Slot 5 (EXT)

Slot 3 (EXT)

Slot 2 (EXT)

Slot 4 (EXT)

Slot 6 (EXT)

Slot 8 (CST/CSH)Slot

10

(PIU) Slot

11

(FAN)

NOTE

The EXT represents an extended slot, which can be inserted with various IF boards and interface boards.

OptiX RTN 950




3-5



BoardName

FullSpelling Valid Slot Description

EM6T 6 Port RJ45

Ethernet/

Gigabit

Ethernet

Interface

Board

Slot 1 to slot

6

l Provides four FE electrical interfaces.

l Provides two GE electrical interfaces thatare compatible with the FE electrical

interface.

EM6F 4 Port RJ45 +

2 Port SFP

Fast

Ethernet/

Gigabit

Ethernet

Interface

Board

l Provides four FE electrical interfaces.

l Uses the SFP module to provide two GE

optical/electrical interfaces.

SP3S 16xE1

tributary

board

Slot 1 to slot

6

Provides sixteen 75-ohm or 120-ohm E1

interfaces.

SP3D 32xE1

tributary

board

Slot 1 to slot

6

Provides thirty-two 75-ohm or 120-ohm E1

interfaces.

AUX Auxiliary

interface

board

Slot 1 to slot

6

Provides one orderwire interface, one

asynchronous data interface, and four-input

and two-output external alarm interfaces.

TND1PIU Power board Slot 9 or slot

10

Provides one -48 V/-60 V DC power input.

TND1FAN Fan board Slot 11 Cools and ventilates the IDU.

3.2.2 ODU

The ODU is an integrated system and has various types. The architectures and working principles

of various types of ODUs are almost the same.

OptiX RTN 950




3-7



Block Diagram

Figure 3-4 Block diagram of the ODU

Antenna port

CTRL

Tx IF

Rx IF

Cable port

PWR

Up-conversionMultiplexer

O&M

uplink

O&M

downlink

DC

Down-conversion

AMP

LNA

Synthesizers

Duplexer

Rx RF

Tx RF

Signal Processing in the Transmit Direction

The multiplexer splits the signal coming from the IF cable into a 350 MHz IF signal, an O&M

uplink signal, and a -48 V DC power signal.

In the transmit direction, the IF signal is processed as follows:

1. Through the up-conversion, filtering, and amplification, the IF signal is converted into the

RF signal and then is sent to the AMP amplifier unit.

2. The AMP amplifies the RF signal (the output power of the signal can be controlled by the

IDU software).

3. After the amplification, the RF signal is sent to the antenna through the duplexer.

The O&M uplink signal is a 5.5 MHz ASK-modulated signal and is demodulated in the CTRL

control unit.

The -48 V DC power signal is sent to the PWR power unit where the secondary power supply

of a different voltage is generated and provided to the modules of the ODU.

Signal Processing in the Receive Direction

In the duplexer, the receive RF signal is separated from the antenna signal. The RF signal is

amplified in the low noise amplifier (LNA). Through the down-conversion, filtering, and

amplification, the RF signal is converted into the 140 MHz IF signal and then sent to the

multiplexer.

The O&M downlink signal is modulated under the ASK scheme in the CTRL unit. The 10 MHz

signal is generated through the modulation and is sent to the multiplexer. The CTRL unit also

detects the received signal power through the RSSI detection circuit and provides the RSSI

interface.

The IF signal and the O&M downlink signal are combined in the multiplexer and then sent tothe IDU through the IF cable.

3 Product Structure

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description



Issue 02 (2009-10-30)



3.3 Software Structure

The OptiX RTN 950 software consists of the NMS software, IDU software, and ODU software.

Figure 3-5 shows the software structure. The NMS software communicates with the NE software

through the Qx interface. The Qx interface uses the OptiX private management protocol.

Figure 3-5 Software structure

NMS software

Qx interface

IDU software ODU software

3.3.1 NMS Software

Huawei provides a transmission network management solution that meets the requirements of

the telecommunication management network (TMN) for managing all the OptiX RTN products

and other OptiX series transmission products on the network.

3.3.2 IDU Software

The IDU software consists of the NE software and the board software.

3.3.3 ODU Software

The ODU Software manages and controls the running status of the ODU. The ODU softwarecontrols the r unning of the ODU based on the parameters transmitted by the IDU software. The

ODU running status is reported to the IDU software.

3.3.1 NMS Software

Huawei provides a transmission network management solution that meets the requirements of

the telecommunication management network (TMN) for managing all the OptiX RTN products

and other OptiX series transmission products on the network.

Related Concepts

5 Network Management System

3.3.2 IDU Software

The IDU software consists of the NE software and the board software.

The NE software manages, monitors, and controls the running status of the IDU. Through the

NE software, the NMS communicates with the boards, and controls and manages the NE. The

NE software communicates with the ODU software to manage and control the running of the

ODU.

The board software manages and controls the running status of other boards of the IDU except

the system control, switching, and timing board. The boards except the EM6T/EM6F board inthe IDU do not have their independent board software. The board software of the boards except

OptiX RTN 950




3-9



the EM6T/EM6F board in the IDU is integrated as software modules with the NE software and

runs in the CPU of the system control, switching, and timing board.

3.3.3 ODU Software

The ODU Software manages and controls the running status of the ODU. The ODU software

controls the running of the ODU based on the parameters transmitted by the IDU software. The

ODU running status is reported to the IDU software.

3.4 Service Signal Processing Flow

The flow for transmitting the PDH microwave signals is different from the flow for transmitting

the Hybrid microwave signals.

3.4.1 SDH/PDH MicrowaveThis topic considers the transmission of the E1 services by the IF1 board as an example to

describe the service signal processing flow of the SDH/PDH microwave.


This topic considers the transmission of the E1 services and the FE services by the IFU2 as an

example to describe the service signal processing flow of the Hybrid microwave.

3.4.1 SDH/PDH Microwave

This topic considers the transmission of the E1 services by the IF1 board as an example to

describe the service signal processing flow of the SDH/PDH microwave.

Figure 3-6 Service signal processing flow of the SDH/PDH microwave

ODU

RF

signal

IF

signal

Antenna

SP3S/SP3D

IF1

IDU

E1 CST/CSH

VC-4

signalVC-4

signal

Table 3-4 Service signal processing flow of the SDH/PDH microwave in the transmit direction

NO. Component Signal Processing Description

1 SP3S/SP3D l Accesses E1 signals.

l Performs HDB3 decoding.

l Maps E1 service signals into VC-12 signals.

l Multiplexes the VC-12 signals into VC-4 signals.

l Transmits the VC-4 signals to the timeslot cross-connect

unit of the CST/CSH.

3 Product Structure

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description



Issue 02 (2009-10-30)




2 CST/CSH The timeslot cross-connect unit grooms VC-12 signals to the

VC-4 signals of the IF1 board.

3 IF1 l Demultiplexes the VC-12 signals to be transmitted fromVC-4 signals.

l Maps the VC-12 signals into the TU-12-based or STM-1-

based microwave frame payload area to add microwave

frame overheads and pointers, and form complete

microwave frames.

l Performs FEC coding.

l Performs digital modulation.

l Performs D/A conversion.

l Performs analog modulation.

l Combines the analog IF signals and ODU O&M signals.

l Transmits the combined signals and -48 V power to the

ODU through the IF cable.

4 ODU l Splits the analog IF signals, ODU O&M signals, and -48

V power.

l Converts the analog IF signals into RF signals through up

conversions and amplification.

l Transmits the RF signals to the antenna through the

waveguide.

Table 3-5 Service signal processing flow of the SDH/PDH microwave in the receive direction


1 ODU l Isolates and filters RF signals.

l Converts the RF signals into analog IF signals through

down conversions and amplification.

l Combines the IF signals and the ODU O&M signals.

l Transmits the combined signals to the IF board through the

IF cable.

OptiX RTN 950




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2 IF1 l Splits the received analog IF signals and ODU O&M

signals.

l Performs A/D conversion for the IF signals.l Performs digital demodulation.

l Performs time domain adaptive equalization.

l Performs FEC decoding.

l Synchronizes and descrambles the frames.

l Extracts overheads from microwave frames.

l Extracts VC-12 signals from the microwave frames and

multiplexes the VC-12 signals into VC-4 signals.


unit of the CST/CSH.

3 CST/CSH The timeslot cross-connect unit grooms VC-12 signals to the

VC-4 signals of the SP3S/SP3D.

4 SP3S/SP3D l Demultiplexes VC-12 signals from VC-4 signals.

l Demaps E1 service signals from the VC-12 signals.

l Performs HDB3 coding.

l Outputs E1 signals.


This topic considers the transmission of the E1 services and the FE services by the IFU2 as an

example to describe the service signal processing flow of the Hybrid microwave.

Figure 3-7 Service signal processing flow of the Hybrid microwave

SP3S/

SP3D

IFU2

IDU

E1

CSH

VC-4signal

VC-4

signal

EM6T/

EM6FFE Ethernet

signal

ODU

RF

signal

IF

signal

AntennaEthernetsignal

3 Product Structure

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description



Issue 02 (2009-10-30)



Table 3-6 Service signal processing flow of the Hybrid microwave in the transmit direction


1 SP3S/SP3D l Accesses E1 signals.

l Performs HDB3 decoding.

l Maps E1 service signals into VC-12 signals.

l Multiplexes the VC-12 signals into VC-4 signals.


unit of the CSH.

EM6T/EM6F l Accesses FE signals.

l Performs decoding.

l Aligns frames, strips the preamble code, and processes the

CRC check code.

l Forwards Ethernet frames to the packet switching unit of

the CSH.

2 CSH l Based on the service configuration, the timeslot cross-

connect unit grooms VC-12 signals to the VC-4 signals of

the IFU2 board.

l The packet switching unit processes Ethernet frames based

on the configuration and the Layer 2 protocol, and then

forwards the processed Ethernet frames to the IFU2

through the microwave port.

3 IFU2 l Selects the proper modulation mode based on the current

channel quality.

l Demultiplexes the VC-12 signals to be transmitted from

VC-4 signals.


l Maps the E1 service signals and the Ethernet frames into

the microwave frame payload area to add microwave frame

overheads and form complete microwave frames.

l Performs FEC coding.

l Performs digital modulation.

l

Performs D/A conversion.l Performs analog modulation

l Combines the analog IF signals and ODU O&M signals.

l Transmits the combined signals and -48 V power to the

ODU through the IF cable.

OptiX RTN 950




3-13




4 ODU l Splits the analog IF signals, ODU O&M signals, and -48

V power.

l Converts the analog IF signals into RF signals through upconversions and amplification.

l Transmits the RF signals to the antenna through the

waveguide.

Table 3-7 Service signal processing flow of the Hybrid microwave in the receive direction


1 ODU l Isolates and filters RF signals.

l Converts the RF signals into analog IF signals through

down conversions and amplification.

l Combines the IF signals and the ODU O&M signals.

l Transmits the combined signals to the IF boards through

the IF cable.

2 IFU2 l Splits the received analog IF signals and ODU O&M

signals.

l Performs A/D conversion.

l Performs digital demodulation.

l Performs time domain adaptive equalization.

l Performs FEC decoding.

l Synchronizes and descrambles the frames.

l Extracts overheads from microwave frames.

l Extracts E1 service signals from microwave frames and

maps the E1 service signals into VC-12 signals.

l Multiplexes the VC-12 signals into VC-4 signals and

transmits the VC-4 signals to the timeslot cross-connect

unit of the CSH board.

l Extracts Ethernet frames from the microwave frames, and

then transmits the Ethernet frames to the packet switching

unit of the CSH board.

3 CSH l Based on the data configuration, the timeslot cross-connect

unit grooms VC-12 signals to the VC-4 signals of the SP3S

or SP3D.

l The packet switching unit processes Ethernet frames based

on the configuration and the Layer 2 protocol, and then

forwards the processed Ethernet frames to the related

EM6T/EM6F board.

3 Product Structure

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description



Issue 02 (2009-10-30)




4 SP3S/SP3D l Demultiplexes VC-12 signals from VC-4 signals.


l Performs HDB3 coding.

l Outputs E1 signals.

EM6T/EM6F l Aligns frames, adds the preamble code, and processes the

CRC check code.

l Performs coding.

l Outputs FE signals.

OptiX RTN 950




3-15



4 Networking

About This Chapter

The OptiX RTN 950 provides complete microwave transmission solutions and supports several

types of networking solutions to meet different customer requirements.

4.1 SDH/PDH Microwave

The SDH/PDH microwave has two networking modes, namely, chain networking and ring

networking.

4.2 Hybrid Microwave

The Hybrid microwave has two networking modes, namely, chain networking and ring

networking.

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description 4 Networking



4-1



4.1 SDH/PDH Microwave

The SDH/PDH microwave has two networking modes, namely, chain networking and ring

networking.

4.1.1 Chain Networking

In the TDM microwave transmission solution wherein the chain networking is the basic

networking form, a hop of radio link is the basic networking unit.

4.1.2 Ring Networking

In the TDM microwave transmission solution wherein the ring networking is the basic

networking form, the SNCP is used to protect SDH/PDH services on the microwave ring.


In the TDM microwave transmission solution wherein the chain networking is the basic


Figure 4-1 shows the TDM microwave transmission solution wherein the chain networking is

the basic form of networking. In this solution:

l The PDH radio link of the corresponding air-interface capacity can be established based

on the capacity of an access link. An ordinary link adopts the 1+0 non-protection

configuration, and an important link adopts the 1+1 protection configuration.

l In the case of aggregation links, the SDH/PDH radio link with the appropriate air-interface

capacity can be established based on the capacity of the aggregation links. In addition, by

configuring the N+1 protection of the SDH links, the service capacity between two stationscan be improved to NxSTM-1.

l By using the multidirectional microwave convergence capacity of the OptiX RTN 950, the

multi-hop microwave convergence transmission of the nodal station can be realized.

Figure 4-1 TDM microwave transmission solution (chain networking)

Tail link Feeder link

Regional backhaulnetwork

STM-1

BSC

BTS

BTS

BTS

1+1

1+0

1+1E1

E1

E1


In the TDM microwave transmission solution wherein the ring networking is the basicnetworking form, the SNCP is used to protect SDH/PDH services on the microwave ring.

4 Networking

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description



Issue 02 (2009-10-30)



Figure 4-2 shows the TDM microwave transmission solution wherein the ring networking is

the basic networking form. In this solution, the SNCP is used to protect SDH/PDH microwave

transmission services.

Figure 4-2 TDM microwave transmission solution (ring networking)

SDH/PDH radio ringBTS

BTS

BTS

BTS

Regional backhaul

network

STM-1

BSC

E1

E1

E1

E1

The ring networking has a special form. That is, when the OptiX RTN 950 is used to establish

an STM-1 radio link, the OptiX RTN 950 and the optical transmission equipment form the hybrid

ring network of optical fibers and microwaves. The ring network also uses the SNCP to protect

the services on the ring, as shown in Figure 4-3.

Figure 4-3 TDM microwave transmission solution (hybrid networking formed with the optical

transmission equipment)

STM-1 ring

BTS

BTS

BTS

BTS

Regional backhaul

network

STM-1

BSCOptical

transmission

equipment

E1

E1

E1

E1

OptiX RTN 950




4-3



4.2 Hybrid Microwave

The Hybrid microwave has two networking modes, namely, chain networking and ring

networking.


In the Hybrid microwave transmission solution wherein the chain networking is the basic



In the Hybrid microwave transmission solution wherein the ring networking is the basic

networking form, the SNCP is used to protect the E1 services on the microwave ring, and the

ERPS is used to protect Ethernet services on the microwave ring.

4.2.1 Chain Networking In the Hybrid microwave transmission solution wherein the chain networking is the basic


Figure 4-4 shows the Hybrid microwave transmission solution wherein the chain networking

is the basic networking form. In this solution:

l The Hybrid radio link of the corresponding air-interface capacity can be established based

on the capacity of an access link. An ordinary link adopts the 1+0 non-protection

configuration. An important link adopts the 1+1 protection configuration.

l The Hybrid radio link of the corresponding air-interface capacity can be established

according to the capacity of an aggregation link. The Hybrid radio link adopts the 1+1 protection configuration. By configuring the 1+1 protection for the XPIC Hybrid link, the

service capacity of the same microwave channel can be doubled. In addition, by configuring

the N+1 protection of the Hybrid radio link, the service capacity between two stations can

be improved by N times.

l By using the multidirectional microwave convergence capacity of the OptiX RTN 950, the

multi-hop microwave convergence transmission of the nodal station can be realized.

Figure 4-4 Hybrid microwave transmission solution (chain networking)

Tail link Feeder link

1+1

1+0

1+1

BTS

BTS

E1

FE

FE

E1

NodeB

NodeB

Regional backhaul

network

STM-1+

GE

BSC

RNC

4 Networking

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description



Issue 02 (2009-10-30)




In the Hybrid microwave transmission solution wherein the ring networking is the basic

networking form, the SNCP is used to protect the E1 services on the microwave ring, and the

ERPS is used to protect Ethernet services on the microwave ring.

Figure 4-5 Hybrid microwave transmission solution (ring networking)

BTS

E1

FE

NodeB

Hybrid radio ring

BTS

E1

FE

BTS

E1

FE

NodeB

Regional backhaul

network

STM-1+

GE

BSCNodeB

RNC

OptiX RTN 950




4-5




About This Chapter

This topic describes the network management solution and the NMS software that contributes

to this solution.

5.1 Network Management Solution

Huawei provides a complete transport network management solution compliant with TMN for

different function domains and customers on telecommunication networks.

5.2 LCT

The LCT is a local maintenance terminal. The LCT provides the following management

functions at the NE layer: NE management, alarm management, performance management,

configuration management, communication management, and security management.

5.3 U2000

The U2000 is a networ k-level network management system. A user can access the U2000 server

through a U2000 client to manage Huawei transport subnets in the unified manner. The U2000

can provide not only the NE-level management function, but also the management function at

the network layer.

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description 5 Network Management System



5-1



Network Level Management

l Topology management

l Network level alarm management

l Network level performance managementl Network level configuration management

l Network level communication management

l Network level security management

l Network-wide clock management

Others

l Report function

l Northbound SNMP interface


OptiX RTN 950

Product Description



Issue 02 (2009-10-30)



6 Performance

About This Chapter

This topic describes the technical specifications of the OptiX RTN 950.

6.1 RF Performance

This topic describes the radio frequency (RF) performance and various technical specifications

related to microwaves.

6.2 Equipment Reliability

Equipment reliability includes the component reliability and the link reliability.

6.3 Interface PerformanceThis section describes the technical specifications of various services and auxiliary interfaces.

6.4 Clock Timing and Synchronization Performance

The clock timing performance and synchronization performance of the product meet relevant

ITU-T recommendations.

6.5 Integrated System Performance

Integrated system performance includes the dimensions, power supply, EMC, lightning

protection, safety, and environment.

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description 6 Performance



6-1



6.1 RF Performance

This topic describes the radio frequency (RF) performance and various technical specifications

related to microwaves.

6.1.1 Microwave Work Modes

This topic lists the microwave work modes that are supported by the OptiX RTN 950.

6.1.2 Frequency Band

The ODUs of the different series and different types support different operating frequency bands.

6.1.3 Receiver Sensitivity

The receiver sensitivity reflects the anti-fading capability of the microwave equipment.

6.1.4 Distortion Sensitivity

The distortion sensitivity reflects the anti-multipath fading capability of the OptiX RTN 950.

6.1.5 Transceiver Performance

The performance of the transceiver includes the nominal maximum/minimum transmit power,

nominal maximum receive power, and frequency stability.

6.1.6 IF Performance

The IF performance includes the performance of the IF signal and the performance of the ODU

O&M signal.

6.1.7 Baseband Signal Processing Performance of the Modem

The baseband signal processing performance of the modem indicates the FEC coding scheme

and the performance of the baseband time domain adaptive equalizer.

6.1.1 Microwave Work Modes

This topic lists the microwave work modes that are supported by the OptiX RTN 950.

SDH/PDH Microwave Work Modes

Table 6-1 SDH/PDH microwave work modes

Service Capacity Modulation Mode Channel Spacing (MHz)

4xE1 QPSK 7

4xE1 16QAM 3.5

8xE1 QPSK 14 (13.75)

8xE1 16QAM 7

16xE1 QPSK 28 (27.5)

16xE1 16QAM 14 (13.75)

22xE1 32QAM 14 (13.75)

26xE1 64QAM 14 (13.75)

6 Performance

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ChannelSpacing (MHz)

ModulationMode

ServiceCapacity(Mbit/s)

MaximumNumber ofE1s inServices

EthernetThroughput(Mbit/s)

28 (27.5) 64QAM 133 64 130 to 150

28 (27.5) 128QAM 158 75 160 to 180

28 (27.5) 256QAM 183 75 180 to 210

56 (55) QPSK 84 40 84 to 97

56 (55) 16QAM 168 75 170 to 190

56 (55) 32QAM 208 75 210 to 240

56 (55) 64QAM 265 75 260 to 310

56 (55) 128QAM 313 75 310 to 360

56 (55) 256QAM 363 75 360 to 420

NOTE

l The channel spacings 13.75 MHz, 27.5 MHz, and 55 MHz are applied to the 18 GHz frequency band.

l The channel spacings listed in the table are the minimum channel spacings supported by the product. The

channel spacings larger than the values are also supported.

l E1 services need to occupy the corresponding bandwidth of the service capacity. The bandwidth remainingafter the E1 service capacity is subtracted from the service capacity can be provided for Ethernet services.

l The Hybrid radio link of the OptiX RTN 950 supports all microwave modulation mode. If the Hybrid radio

link supports the 56 MHz microwave modulation mode, it must use the high power ODU.

6.1.2 Frequency Band

The ODUs of the different series and different types support different operating frequency bands.

Frequency Bands (Standard Power ODU)

Table 6-3 Frequency Band (SP ODU)

FrequencyBand

Frequency Range (GHz) T/R Spacing (MHz)

7 GHz 7.093-7.897 154, 161, 168, 196, 245

8 GHz 7.731-8.496 119, 126, 266, 311.32

11 GHz 10.675-11.745 490, 500, 530

13 GHz 12.751-13.248 266

15 GHz 14.403-15.348 315, 322, 420, 490, 728

6 Performance

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FrequencyBand


18 GHz 17.685-19.710 1008, 1010, 1560

23 GHz 21.200-23.618 1008, 1200, 1232

26 GHz 24.549-26.453 1008

38 GHz 37.044-40,105 700, 1260

Table 6-4 Frequency band (SPA ODU)

FrequencyBand


6 GHz 5.915-6.425 (L6)

6.425-7.125 (U6)

252.04 (L6)

340 (U6)

7 GHz 7.093-7.897 154, 161, 168, 196, 245

8 GHz 7.731-8.496 119, 126, 266, 311.32

11 GHz 10.675-11.745 490, 500, 530

13 GHz 12.751-13.248 266

15 GHz 14.403-15.348 420, 490

18 GHz 17.685-19.710 1008, 1010

23 GHz 21.200-23.618 1008, 1232

Frequency Bands (High Power ODU)

Table 6-5 Frequency band (HP ODU)

Frequency

Band


7 GHz 7.093-7.897 154, 161, 168, 196, 245

8 GHz 7.731-8.497 119, 126, 151.614, 208, 266, 311.32

11 GHz 10.675-11.745 490, 500, 530

13 GHz 12.751-13.248 266

15 GHz 14.400-15.353 315, 322, 420, 490, 644, 728

18 GHz 17.685-19.710 1008, 1010, 1560

23 GHz 21.200-23.618 1008, 1200, 1232

OptiX RTN 950




6-5



FrequencyBand


26 GHz 24.549-26.453 1008

32 GHz 31.815-33.383 812

38 GHz 37.044-40.105 700, 1260

6.1.3 Receiver Sensitivity

The receiver sensitivity reflects the anti-fading capability of the microwave equipment.

NOTE

For a guaranteed value, remove 3 dB from the typical value.

SDH/PDH Microwave

Table 6-6 Typical receiver sensitivity values (i) of the SDH/PDH microwave

Item Performance

4xE1 8xE1 16xE1

QPSK 16QAM QPSK 16QAM QPSK 16QAM

RSL@ BER = 10-6 (unit: dBm)

@6 GHz -91.5 -87.5 -88.5 -84.5 -85.5 -81.5

@7 GHz -91.5 -87.5 -88.5 -84.5 -85.5 -81.5

@8 GHz -91.5 -87.5 -88.5 -84.5 -85.5 -81.5

@11 GHz -91.0 -87.0 -88.0 -84.0 -85.0 -81.0

@13 GHz -91.0 -87.0 -88.0 -84.0 -85.0 -81.0

@15 GHz -91.0 -87.0 -88.0 -84.0 -85.0 -81.0

@18 GHz -91.0 -87.0 -88.0 -84.0 -85.0 -81.0

@23 GHz -90.5 -86.5 -87.5 -83.5 -84.5 -80.5

@26 GHz -90.0 -86.0 -87.0 -83.0 -84.0 -80.0

@32 GHz -89.0 -85.0 -86.0 -82.0 -83.0 -79.0

@38 GHz -88.5 -84.5 -85.5 -81.5 -82.5 -78.5

6 Performance

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Product Description



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Table 6-7 Typical receiver sensitivity values (ii) of the SDH/PDH microwave

Item Performance

22xE1 26xE1 35xE1 44xE1 53xE1 STM-1

32QAM 64QAM 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM

RSL@ BER = 10-6 (unit: dBm)

@6 GHz -80.5 -76.5 -79.0 -77.5 -73.5 -70.5

@7 GHz -80.5 -76.5 -79.0 -77.5 -73.5 -70.5

@8 GHz -80.5 -76.5 -79.0 -77.5 -73.5 -70.5

@11 GHz -80.0 -76.0 -78.5 -77.0 -73.0 -70.0

@13 GHz -80.0 -76.0 -78.5 -77.0 -73.0 -70.0

@15 GHz -80.0 -76.0 -78.5 -77.0 -73.0 -70.0

@18 GHz -80.0 -76.0 -78.5 -77.0 -73.0 -70.0

@23 GHz -79.5 -75.5 -78.0 -76.5 -72.5 -69.5

@26 GHz -79.0 -75.0 -77.5 -76.0 -72.0 -69.0

@32 GHz -78.0 -74.0 -76.5 -75.0 -71.0 -68.0

@38 GHz -77.5 -73.5 -76.0 -74.5 -70.5 -67.5

Hybrid Microwave

NOTE

The 6 GHz ODU does not support the modulation mode of 256QAM and the channel spacing of 56 MHz.

The receiver sensitivity is not available (NA).

Table 6-8 Typical values of the receiver sensitivity (i) of the Hybrid microwave

Item

Performance (Channel Spacing: 7 MHz)

QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM

RSL@ BER=10-66 (dBm)

@6 GHz -92.5 -86.5 -82.5 -79.5 -76.5 NA

@7 GHz -92.5 -86.5 -82.5 -79.5 -76.5 -73.5

@8 GHz -92.5 -86.5 -82.5 -79.5 -76.5 -73.5

@11 GHz -92 -86 -82 -79 -76 -73

@13 GHz -92 -86 -82 -79 -76 -73

@15 GHz -92 -86 -82 -79 -76 -73

OptiX RTN 950




6-7



Item



@18 GHz -92 -86 -82 -79 -76 -73

@23 GHz -91.5 -85.5 -81.5 -78.5 -75.5 -72.5

@26 GHz -91 -85 -81 -78 -75 -72

@32 GHz -90 -84 -80 -77 -74 -71

@38 GHz -89.5 -83.5 -79.5 -76.5 -73.5 -70.5

Table 6-9 Typical values of the receiver sensitivity (ii) of the Hybrid microwave

Item



RSL@ BER=10-6 (dBm)

@6 GHz -90.5 -83.5 -79.5 -76.5 -73.5 NA

@7 GHz -90.5 -83.5 -79.5 -76.5 -73.5 -70.5

@8 GHz -90.5 -83.5 -79.5 -76.5 -73.5 -70.5

@11 GHz -90 -83 -79 -76 -73 -70

@13 GHz -90 -83 -79 -76 -73 -70

@15 GHz -90 -83 -79 -76 -73 -70

@18 GHz -90 -83 -79 -76 -73 -70

@23 GHz -89.5 -82.5 -78.5 -75.5 -72.5 -69.5

@26 GHz -89 -82 -78 -75 -72 -69

@32 GHz -88 -81 -77 -74 -71 -68

@38 GHz -87.5 -80.5 -76.5 -73.5 -70.5 -67.5

Table 6-10 Typical values of the receiver sensitivity (iii) of the Hybrid microwave

Item



RSL@ BER=10-6 (dBm)

@6 GHz -87.5 -80.5 -76.5 -73.5 -70.5 NA

@7 GHz -87.5 -80.5 -76.5 -73.5 -70.5 -67.5

6 Performance

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description



Issue 02 (2009-10-30)



Item



@8 GHz -87.5 -80.5 -76.5 -73.5 -70.5 -67.5

@11 GHz -87 -80 -76 -73 -70 -67

@13 GHz -87 -80 -76 -73 -70 -67

@15 GHz -87 -80 -76 -73 -70 -67

@18 GHz -87 -80 -76 -73 -70 -67

@23 GHz -86.5 -79.5 -75.5 -72.5 -69.5 -66.5

@26 GHz -86 -79 -75 -72 -69 -66

@32 GHz -85 -78 -74 -71 -68 -65

@38 GHz -84.5 -77.5 -73.5 -70.5 -67.5 -64.5

Table 6-11 Typical values of the receiver sensitivity (iv) of the Hybrid microwave

Item



RSL@ BER=10-6 (dBm)

@6 GHz NA NA NA NA NA NA

@7 GHz -84.5 -77.5 -73.5 -70.5 -67.5 -64.5

@8 GHz -84.5 -77.5 -73.5 -70.5 -67.5 -64.5

@11 GHz -84 -77 -73 -70 -67 -64

@13 GHz -84 -77 -73 -70 -67 -64

@15 GHz -84 -77 -73 -70 -67 -64

@18 GHz -84 -77 -73 -70 -67 -64

@23 GHz -83.5 -76.5 -72.5 -69.5 -66.5 -63.5

@26 GHz -83 -76 -72 -69 -66 -63

@32 GHz -82 -75 -71 -68 -65 -62

@38 GHz -81.5 -74.5 -70.5 -67.5 -64.5 -61.5

6.1.4 Distortion Sensitivity

The distortion sensitivity reflects the anti-multipath fading capability of the OptiX RTN 950.

OptiX RTN 950




6-9



The notch depth of the OptiX RTN 950 meets the requirements described in ETSI EN

302217-2-2. Table 6-12 describes the anti-multipath fading capability of the OptiX RTN 950

in STM-1/128QAM microwave working modes.

Table 6-12 Anti-multipath fading capability

Item Performance

STM-1/128QAM W-curve See Figure 6-1

STM-1/128QAM dispersion fading margin 51 dB

Figure 6-1 W-curve

6.1.5 Transceiver Performance

The performance of the transceiver includes the nominal maximum/minimum transmit power,

nominal maximum receive power, and frequency stability.

Transceiver Performance (Standard Power ODU)

Table 6-13 Transceiver Performance (SP ODU)

Item Performance

QPSK 16QAM/ 32QAM

64QAM/ 128QAM

256QAM

Nominal maximum transmit power (dBm)

@7 GHz 27 22.5 18.5 16.5

@8 GHz 27 22.5 18.5 16.5

6 Performance

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description



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Item Performance

QPSK 16QAM/ 32QAM

64QAM/ 128QAM

256QAM

@11 GHz 26 21.5 17.5 15.5

@13 GHz 26 21.5 17.5 15.5

@15 GHz 26 21.5 17.5 15.5

@18 GHz 25.5 21.5 17.5 15.5

@23 GHz 24 20.5 16.5 14.5

@26 GHz 23.5 19.5 15.5 13.5

@38 GHz 22 17.5 13.5 11.5

Nominalminimum

transmit power

(dBm)

-6

Nominal

maximum

receive power

(dBm)

-20 -25

Frequency

stability (ppm)

±5

Table 6-14 Transceiver performance (SPA ODU)

Item Performance

QPSK 16QAM/32QAM 64QAM/128QAM

Nominal maximum transmit power (dBm)

@6 GHz 26.5 24 23

@7 GHz 25.5 21.5 20

@8 GHz 25.5 21.5 20

@11 GHz 24.5 20.5 18

@13 GHz 24.5 20 18

@15 GHz 24.5 20 18

@18 GHz 22.5 19 17

@23 GHz 22.5 19 16

OptiX RTN 950




6-11



6.1.7 Baseband Signal Processing Performance of the Modem

The baseband signal processing performance of the modem indicates the FEC coding scheme

and the performance of the baseband time domain adaptive equalizer.

Table 6-17 Baseband signal processing performance of the modem

Item Performance

Encoding mode l Reed-Solomon (RS) encoding for PDH signals

l Trellis-coded modulation (TCM) and RS two-level encoding for

SDH signals

l Low-density parity check code (LDPC) encoding for Hybrid

microwave.

Adaptive time-

domain equalizer for baseband signals

Supported.

6.2 Equipment Reliability

Equipment reliability includes the component reliability and the link reliability.

6.2.1 Component Reliability

The component reliability reflects the reliability of a single component.

6.2.2 Link Reliability

The link relia bility reflects the relia bility of a microwave hop and reflects the reliability of all

the involved components.

6.2.1 Component Reliability

The component reliability reflects the reliability of a single component.

Table 6-18 Component reliability

Item Performance

IDU (1+0 Non-protectionConfiguration)

IDU (1+1 ProtectionConfiguration)

ODU

MTBF (h) 44.62x104 80.33x104 48.18x104

MTTR (h) 1 1 1

Availability 99.99978% 99.99988% 99.99979%

6 Performance

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description



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6.2.2 Link Reliability

The link reliability reflects the reliability of a microwave hop and reflects the reliability of all

the involved components.

Table 6-19 Link reliability per hop

Item Performance

1+0 Non-protectionConfiguration

1+1 Protection Configuration

MTBF (h) 11.58x104 34.43x104

MTTR (h) 1 1

Availability 99.99914% 99.99971%

6.3 Interface Performance

This section describes the technical specifications of various services and auxiliary interfaces.

6.3.1 SDH O ptical Interface Performance

The performance of the SDH optical interface is compliant with ITU-T G.957/G.825.

6.3.2 E1 Interface Performance

The performance of the E1 interface is compliant with ITU-T G.703/G.823.

6.3.3 Ethernet Interface Performance

The performance of the Ethernet interface is compliant with IEEE 802.3.

6.3.4 Auxiliary Interface Performance

The auxiliary interface performance includes the perfor mance of the orderwire interface,

synchronous data interface, and asynchronous data interface.

6.3.1 SDH Optical Interface Performance

The performance of the SDH optical interface is compliant with ITU-T G.957/G.825.

STM-1 Optical Interface Performance

The performance of the STM-1 optical interface is compliant with ITU-T G.957/G.825. The

following table provides the primary performance.

Table 6-20 STM-1 optical interface performance

Item Performance

Nominal bit rate (kbit/s) 155520

Classification code Ie-1 S-1.1 L-1.1 L-1.2

OptiX RTN 950




6-15



Item Performance

Fiber type Multi-mode

fiber

Single-mode

fiber

Single-mode

fiber

Single-mode

fiber

Transmission distance(km)

2 15 40 80

Operating wavelength

(nm)

1270 to 1380 1261 to 1360 1263 to 1360 1480 to 1580

Mean launched power

(dBm)

-19 to -14 -15 to -8 -5 to 0 -5 to 0

Receiver minimum

sensitivity (dBm)

-30 -28 -34 -34

Minimum overload (dBm) -14 -8 -10 -10

Minimum extinction ratio

(dB)

10 8.2 10 10

NOTE

The OptiX RTN 950 uses SFP modules for providing optical interfaces. You can use different types of SFP

modules to provide optical interfaces with different classification codes and transmission distances.

6.3.2 E1 Interface Performance

The performance of the E1 interface is compliant with ITU-T G.703/G.823.

E1 Interface Performance

Table 6-21 E1 interface performance

Item Performance


Code pattern HDB3

Wire pair in eachtransmission direction

One coaxial wire pair One symmetrical wire pair

Impedance (ohm) 75 120

6.3.3 Ethernet Interface Performance

The performance of the Ethernet interface is compliant with IEEE 802.3.

6 Performance

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Product Description



Issue 02 (2009-10-30)



FE electric Interface Performance

The 10/100BASE-T(X) interface is compliant with IEEE 802.3. The following table provides

the primary performance.

Table 6-24 FE electric interface performance

Item Performance

Nominal bit rate (Mbit/s) 10 (10BASE-T)

100 (100BASE-TX)

Code pattern Manchester encoding signal (10BASE-T)

MLT-3 encoding signal (100BASE-TX)

Interface type RJ-45

6.3.4 Auxiliary Interface Performance

The auxiliary interface performance includes the performance of the orderwire interface,

synchronous data interface, and asynchronous data interface.

Orderwire Interface Performance

Table 6-25 Orderwire interface performance

Item Performance

Transmission path Uses the E1 and E2 bytes in the SDH overhead or the Huawei-

defined byte in the overhead of the microwave frame.

Orderwire type Addressing call

Wire pair in each

transmission direction

One symmetrical wire pair

Impedance (ohm) 600

NOTE

The OptiX RTN equipment also supports the orderwire group call function. For example, when an OptiX RTN

equipment calls the number of 888, the orderwire group call number, all the OptiX RTN equipment orderwire

phones in the orderwire subnet ring until a phone is answered. Then, a point-to-point orderwire phone call is

established.

6 Performance

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description



Issue 02 (2009-10-30)



Synchronous Data Interface Performance

Table 6-26 Synchronous data interface performance

Item PerformanceTransmission path Uses the F1 byte in the SDH overhead or the Huawei-defined

byte in the overhead of the microwave frame.


Interface type Codirectional

Interface characteristics Meets the ITU-T G.703 standard.

Asynchronous Data Interface

Table 6-27 Asynchronous data interface performance

Item Performance

Transmission path Uses the user-defined byte of the SDH overhead or the

Huawei-defined byte in the overhead of the microwave frame.

Nominal bit rate (kbit/s) ≤ 19.2

Interface characteristics Meets the RS-232 standard.

Wayside Service Interface Performance

Table 6-28 Wayside service interface performance

Item Performance

Transmission path Uses the Huawei-defined bytes in the overhead of the

microwave frame.


Impedance (ohm) 120

6.4 Clock Timing and Synchronization Performance

The clock timing performance and synchronization performance of the product meet relevant

ITU-T recommendations.

OptiX RTN 950




6-19



Table 6-29 Clock timing and synchronization performance

Item Performance

External synchronization

source

2048 kbit/s (compliant with ITU-T G.703 §9), or 2048 kHz

(compliant with ITU-T G.703 §13)

Frequency accuracy Compliant with ITU-T G.813

Pull-in, hold-in, and pull-out

ranges

Noise generation

Noise tolerance

Noise transfer

Transient response and

holdover performance

6.5 Integrated System Performance

Integrated system performance includes the dimensions, power supply, EMC, lightning

protection, safety, and environment.

Dimensions

Table 6-30 Dimensions

Component Dimensions

IDU 442 mm (width) x 220 mm (depth) x 88 mm (height)

ODU < 280 mm (width) x 92 mm (depth) x 280 mm (height)

Power Supply

Table 6-31 Power Supply

Component Performance

IDU l Compliant with ETSI EN300 132-2

l Supporting two -48 V/-60 V (-38.4 V to -72 V) DC power

inputs (mutual backup)

l Supporting the backup of the 1+1 3.3 V power units.

ODU l Compliant with ETSI EN300 132-2

l Supporting one -48 V (-38.4 V to -72 V) DC power input

that is provided by the IDU

6 Performance

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description



Issue 02 (2009-10-30)



Electromagnetic Compatibility

l

Passes CE authentication.l Compliant with ETSI EN 301 489-1.

l Compliant with ETSI EN 301 489-4.

l Compliant with CISPR 22.

l Compliant with EN 55022.

Lightning Protection

l Compliant with ITU-T K.27.

l Compliant with ETSI EN 300 253.

Safety

l Passes CE authentication.

l Compliant with ETSI EN 60215.

l Compliant with ETSI EN 60950.

l Compliant with IEC 60825.

Environment

The IDU is a unit used in a place that has weather protection and where the temperature can becontrolled. The ODU is an outdoor unit.

Table 6-32 Environment performance

Item Component

IDU ODU

Major

reference

standards

Operation Compliant with ETSI EN

300 019-1-3 class 3.2

Compliant with ETSI EN

300 019-1-4 class 4.1

Transportation Compliant with ETSI EN 300 019-1-2 class 2.3

Storage Compliant with ETSI EN 300 019-1-1 class 1.2

Air

temperature

Operation -5°C to +55°C -35°C to +55°C

Transportation

and storage

-40°C to +70°C

Relative humidity 5% to 95% 5% to 100%

Noise < 7.2 bel, compliant with

ETSI EN 300 753 class 3.2

attended

-

OptiX RTN 950




6-21



Item Component

IDU ODU

Earthquake Compliant with Bellcore GR-63-CORE ZONE 4

Mechanical stress Compliant with ETSI EN 300 019

6 Performance

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description



Issue 02 (2009-10-30)



A.1 ITU-R Standards

The OptiX RTN 950 complies with the ITU-R standards designed for microwave equipment.

Table A-1 ITU-R standard

Standard Description

ITU-R F.384-7 Radio-frequency channel arrangements for medium and high capacity

analogue or digital radio-relay systems operating in the upper 6 GHz

band

ITU-R F.383-6 Radio-frequency channel arrangements for high capacity radio-relay

systems operating in the lower 6 GHz band

ITU-R F.385-8 Radio-frequency channel arrangements for fixed radio systemsoperating in the 7 GHz band

ITU-R F.386-6 Radio-frequency channel arrangements for medium and high capacity

analogue or digital radio-relay systems operating in the 8 GHz band

ITU-R F.387-9 Radio-frequency channel arrangements for radio-relay systems

operating in the 11 GHz band


operating in the 13 GHz frequency band



ITU-R F.595-8 Radio-frequency channel arrangements for fixed radio systems

operating in the 18 GHz frequency band




operating in the 25, 26 and 28 GHz bands

ITU-R F.749-2 Radio-frequency arrangements for systems of the fixed service


ITU-R F.1191-1 1 Bandwidths and unwanted emissions of digital radio-relay systems

ITU-R SM.329-10 Unwanted emissions in the spurious domain

A.2 ETSI Standards

The OptiX RTN 950 complies with the ETSI standards designed for microwave equipment.

A Compliance Standards

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description

A-2 Huawei Proprietary and Confidential


Issue 02 (2009-10-30)



Table A-2 ETSI standard


ETSI EN 302 217-1

V1.1.4

Fixed Radio Systems; Characteristics and requirements for point-to-

point equipment and antennas; Part 1: Overview and system-independent common characteristics

ETSI EN 302

217-2-1 V1.1.3


point equipment and antennas; Part 2-1: System-dependent

requirements for digital systems operating in frequency bands where

frequency co-ordination is applied

ETSI EN 302

217-2-2 V1.1.3


point equipment and antennas; Part 2-2: Harmonized EN covering

essential requirements of Article 3.2 of R&TTE Directive for digital

systems operating in frequency bands where frequency co-ordination

is applied

ETSI EN 302 217-3

V1.1.3


point equipment and antennas; Part 3: Harmonized EN covering

essential requirements of Article 3.2 of R&TTE Directive for

equipment operating in frequency bands where no frequency co-

ordination is applied

ETSI EN 302

217-4-1 V1.1.3


point equipment and antennas; Part 4-1: System-dependent

requirements for antennas

ETSI EN 302

217-4-2 V1.2.1


point equipment and antennas; Part 4-2: Harmonized EN coveringessential requirements of Article 3.2 of R&TTE Directive for

antennas

ETSI EN 301 126-1

V1.1.2

Fixed Radio Systems; Conformance testing; Part 1: Point-to-Point

equipment - Definitions, general requirements and test procedures

ETSI EN 301

126-3-1 V1.1.2

Fixed Radio Systems; Conformance testing; Part 3-1: Point-to-Point

antennas; Definitions, general requirements and test procedures

ETSI EN 301 390

V1.2.1

Fixed Radio Systems; Point-to-point and Multipoint Systems;

Spurious emissions and receiver immunity limits at equipment/

antenna port of Digital Fixed Radio Systems

A.3 IEC Standards

The OptiX RTN 950 is compliant with the IEC standards related to the waveguide.

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description A Compliance Standards



A-3




ITU-T G.774.4 Synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) management of the sub-

network connection protection for the network element view

ITU-T G.774.5 Synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) management of connectionsupervision functionality (HCS/LCS) for the network element view

ITU-T G.774.6 Synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) unidirectional performance

monitoring for the network element view

ITU-T G.774.7 Synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) management of lower order

path trace and interface labeling for the network element view

ITU-T G.774.9 Synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) configuration of linear

multiplex section protection for the network element view

ITU-T G.774.10 Synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) configuration of linear

multiplex section protection for the network element view

ITU-T G.784 Synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) management

ITU-T G.780 Vocabulary of terms for synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH)

networks and equipment

ITU-T G.781 Synchronization layer functions

ITU-T G.783 Characteristics of synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) equipment

functional blocks

ITU-T G.803 Architecture of transport networks based on the synchronous digital

hierarchy (SDH)

ITU-T G.805 Generic functional architecture of transport networks

ITU-T G.806 Characteristics of transport equipment - Description methodology and

generic functionality

ITU-T G.810 Definitions and terminology for synchronization networks

ITU-T G.811 Timing characteristics of primary reference clocks

ITU-T G.812 Timing requirements of slave clocks suitable for use as node clocks

in synchronization networks

ITU-T G.813 Timing characteristics of SDH equipment slave clocks (SEC)

ITU-T G.821 Error performance of an international digital connection operating at

a bit rate below the primary rate and forming part of an integrated

services digital network

ITU-T G.822 Controlled slip rate objectives on an international digital connection

ITU-T G.823 The control of jitter and wander within digital networks which are

based on the 2048 kbit/s hierarchy

ITU-T G.825 The control of jitter and wander within digital networks which are

based on the synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH)

OptiX RTN 950




A-5




ITU-T G.826 Error performance parameters and objectives for international,

constant bit rate digital paths at or above the primary rate

ITU-T G.828 Error performance parameters and objectives for international,constant bit rate synchronous digital paths

ITU-T G.829 Error performance events for SDH multiplex and regenerator sections

ITU-T G.957 Optical interfaces for equipments and systems relating to the

synchronous digital hierarchy

ITU-T G.958 Digital line systems based on the synchronous digital hierarchy for

use on optical fiber cables.

ITU-T G.841 Types and characteristics of SDH network protection architectures

ITU-T G.842 Inter-working of SDH network protection architectures

ITU-T G.7041/Y.

1303

Generic framing procedure (GFP)

ITU-T G.7042/Y.

1305

Link capacity adjustment scheme (LCAS) for virtual concatenated

signals

ITU-T X.86/Y.1323 Ethernet over LAPS

ITU-T G.8011 Ethernet over Transport - Ethernet services framework

A.5 IETF Standards

The OptiX RTN 950 complies with IETF standards.

Table A-5 IETF standard


RFC 2819 Remote Network Monitoring Management Information Base

A.6 IEEE Standards

The OptiX RTN 950 complies with the IEEE standards designed for Ethernet networks.

Table A-6 IEEE standard


IEEE Std 802.3 Carrier sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/CD)

access method and physical layer specification


OptiX RTN 950

Product Description



Issue 02 (2009-10-30)




IEEE 802.3x Full Duplex Operation and Type 100BASE-T2

IEEE 802.3u Media Access Control (MAC) parameters, physical Layer, medium

attachment units, and repeater for 100 Mb/s operation, type 100Base-T

IEEE 802.3z Media Access Control (MAC) parameters, physical Layer, repeater

and management parameters for 1000 Mb/s operation

IEEE 802.3ah Media Access Control Parameters, Physical Layers, and Management

Parameters for Subscriber Access Networks

IEEE 802.1d Media Access Control (MAC) Bridges

IEEE 802.1q Virtual bridged local area networks

IEEE 802.1ad Virtual Bridged Local Area Networks Amendment 4: Provider Bridges

IEEE 802.1ag Virtual Bridged Local Area Networks — Amendment 5: Connectivity

Fault Management

A.7 Environmental Standards

The OptiX RTN 950 complies with the environmental standards designed for split-mount

microwave equipment.

Table A-7 environmental standard


EN 55022 Limits and Methods of Measurement of Radio Disturbance

Characteristics of Information Technology Equipment

CISPR 22 Limits and methods of measurement of radio disturbance

characteristics of information

ETSI EN 301 489-1 Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);

Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standard for radio equipmentand services; Part 1: Common technical requirements

ETSI EN 301 489-4 Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);

Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standard for radio equipment

and services; Part 4: Specific conditions for fixed radio links and

ancillary equipment and services

NEBS GR-63-

CORE

Network Equipment-Building System (NEBS) Requirements:

Physical Protection

EN 60950-1 Information technology equipment-Safety-Part 1: General

requirements

OptiX RTN 950




A-7




UL 60950-1 Information technology equipment-Safety-Part 1: General

requirements

IEC 60825-1 Safety of laser products-Part 1: Equipment classification,requirements and user's guide

IEC 60825-2 Safety of laser products-Part 2: Safety of optical fiber communication

systems (OFCS)

IEC 60950-1 Information technology equipment-Safety-Part 1: General

requirements

IEC 60950-22

(Outdoor Unit)

Information technology equipment-Safety-Part 22: Equipment to be

installed outdoors

IEC 61000-4-2 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 2: Testing and

measurement techniques Section 2: Electrostatic discharge immunitytest Basic EMC Publication

IEC 61000-4-3 Electromagnetic compatibility; Part 3: Testing and measurement

techniques Section 3 radio frequency electromagnetic fields;

immunity test.


measurement techniques Section 4: Electrical fast transient/burst

immunity test Basic EMC publication


measurement techniques Section 5: Sruge immunity test

IEC 61000-4-6 Electromagnetic compatibility: Part 6: Testing and measurement

techniques: Section 6 conducted disturbances induced by radio-

frequency fields; immunity test

IEC721-3-1 Classes

1K4/1Z2/1Z3/1Z5/1

B2/1C2/1S3/1M2

Classification of environmental conditions - Part 3: Classification of

groups of environmental parameters and their severities - Section 1:

Storage Classes 1K4/1Z2/1Z3/1Z5/1B2/1C2/1S3/1M2

IEC721-3-2 Classes

2K4/2B2/2C2/2S2/2

M2



Transportation Classes 2K4/2B2/2C2/2S2/2M2

IEC721-3-3 Classes

3K5/3Z2/3Z4/3B2/3

C2(3C1)/3S2/3M2

(Indoor Unit)



Stationary use at weatherprotected locations Classes

3K5/3Z2/3Z4/3B2/3C2(3C1)/3S2/3M2

IEC721-3-4 Classes

4K2/4Z5/4Z7/4B1/4

C2(4C3)/4S2/4M5

(Outdoor Unit)



Stationary use at non-weatherprotected locations. Classes

4K2/4Z5/4Z7/4B1/4C2(4C3)/4S2/4M5

ETSI EN 300

019-1-1 Class 1.2

Environmental conditions and environmental tests for

telecommunications equipment; Part 1-1: Classification of

environmental conditions; Storage Class 1.2


OptiX RTN 950

Product Description



Issue 02 (2009-10-30)




ETSI EN 300

019-1-2 Class 2.3



environmental conditions; Transportation Class 2.3

ETSI EN 300

019-1-3 Class 3.2

(Indoor Unit)



environmental conditions; Stationary use at weatherprotected

locations; Class 3.2

ETSI EN 300

019-1-4 Class 4.1

(Outdoor Unit)



environmental conditions; Stationary use at non-weatherprotected

locations Class 4.1

OptiX RTN 950




A-9



Co-channel

dual

polarization

A channel configuration method, which uses a horizontal polarization

wave and a vertical polarization wave to transmit two signals. The co-

channel dual polarization is twice the transmission capacity of the single

polarization.

Cross

polarization

interference

cancellation

A technology used in the case of the co-channel dual polarization (CCDP)

to eliminate the cross-connect interference between two polarization

waves in the CCDP.

D

DC-C A power system, in which the BGND of the DC return conductor is short-

circuited with the PGND on the output side of the power supply cabinet

and also on the line between the output of the power supply cabinet andthe electric equipment.

DC-I A power system, in which the BGND of the DC return conductor is short-

circuited with the PGND on the output side of the power supply cabinet

and is isolated from the PGND on the line between the output of the power

supply cabinet and the electric equipment.

Digital

modulation

A digital modulation controls the changes in amplitude, phase, and

frequency of the carrier based on the changes in the baseband digital signal.

In this manner, the information can be transmitted by the carrier.

Dual-polarized

antenna

An antenna intended to radiate or receive simultaneously two independent

radio waves orthogonally polarized.

E

Equalization A method of avoiding selective fading of frequencies. Equalization can

compensate for the changes of amplitude frequency caused by frequency

selective fading.

Bit error A symptom that the quality of the transmitted information is degraded

because some bits of a data stream are errored after being received,

decided, and regenerated.

F

Forward error

correction

A bit error correction technology that adds the correction information to

the payload at the transmit end. Based on the correction information, the

bit errors generated during transmission are corrected at the receive end.

Frequency

diversity

A diversity scheme that enables two or more microwave frequencies with

a certain frequency interval are used to transmit/receive the same signal

and selection is then performed between the two signals to ease the impact

of fading.

B Glossary

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description

B-2 Huawei Proprietary and Confidential


Issue 02 (2009-10-30)



G

Gateway

network element

A network element that is used for communication between the NE

application layer and the NM application layer.

H

Hybrid radio The hybrid transmission of Native E1 and Native Ethernet signals. Hybrid

radio supports the AM function.

I

Indoor Unit The indoor unit of the split-structured radio equipment. It implementsaccessing, multiplexing/demultiplexing, and IF processing for services.

Internet Group

Management

Protocol

The protocol for managing the membership of Internet Protocol multicast

groups among the TCP/IP protocols. It is used by IP hosts and adjacent

multicast routers to establish and maintain multicast group memberships.

Intermediate

frequency

The transitional frequency between the frequencies of a modulated signal

and an RF signal.

IGMP

snooping

A multicast constraint mechanism running on a layer 2 device. This

protocol manages and controls the multicast group by listening to and

analyze the Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) packet between

hosts and layer 3 devices. In this manner, the spread of the multicast dataon layer 2 network can be prevented efficiently.

L

Layer 2 switch A data forwarding method. In LAN, a network bridge or 802.3 Ethernet

switch transmits and distributes packet data based on the MAC address.

Since the MAC address is the second layer of the OSI model, this data

forwarding method is called layer 2 switch.

LCT The local maintenance terminal of a transport network, which is located

on the NE management layer of the transport network.

Link

aggregation

group

An aggregation that allows one or more links to be aggregated together to

form a link aggregation group so that a MAC client can treat the link

aggregation group as if it were a single link.

Trail A type of transport entity, mainly engaged in transferring signals from the

input of the trail source to the output of the trail sink, and monitoring the

integrality of the transferred signals.

M

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description B Glossary



B-3



Multiplex

section

protection

The function performed to provide capability for switching a signal

between and including two MST functions, from a "working" to a

"protection" channel.

Multiple

Spanning Tree

Protocol

MSTP is an evolution of the Spanning Tree Protocol and the Rapid

Spanning Tree Protocol, and was introduced in IEEE 802.1s as amendment

to 802.1Q, 1998 edition. Standard IEEE 802.1Q-2003 now includes

MSTP.

N

N+1 protection A microwave link protection system that employs N working channels and

one protection channel.

Network

element

A network element (NE) contains both the hardware and the software

running on it. One NE is at least equipped with one system control board

which manages and monitors the entire network element. The NE softwareruns on the system control Unit.

Network

management

system

The network management system in charge of the operation,

administration, and maintenance of a network.

Non-gateway

network

element

A network element whose communication with the NM application layer

must be transferred by the gateway network element application layer.

O

Orderwire A channel that provides voice communication between operation

engineers or maintenance engineers of different stations.

Outdoor unit The outdoor unit of the split-structured radio equipment. It implements

frequency conversion and amplification for RF signals.

P

Plesiochronous

Digital

Hierarchy

A multiplexing scheme of bit stuffing and byte interleaving. It multiplexes

the minimum rate 64 kit/s into the 2 Mbit/s, 34 Mbit/s, 140 Mbit/s, and 565

Mbit/s rates.

Polarization A kind of electromagnetic wave, the direction of whose electric field vector

is fixed or rotates regularly. Specifically, if the electric field vector of the

electromagnetic wave is perpendicular to the plane of horizon, this

electromagnetic wave is called vertically polarized wave; if the electric

field vector of the electromagnetic wave is parallel to the plane of horizon,

this electromagnetic wave is called horizontal polarized wave; if the tip of

the electric field vector, at a fixed point in space, describes a circle, this

electromagnetic wave is called circularly polarized wave.

B Glossary

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description



Issue 02 (2009-10-30)



Q

QinQ A layer 2 tunnel protocol based on IEEE 802.1Q encapsulation. It

encapsulates the tag of the user's private virtual local area network (VLAN)

into the tag of the public VLAN. The packet carries two layers of tags to

travel through the backbone network of the carrier. In this manner, the layer

2 virtual private network (VPN) is provided for the user.

R

Rapid

Spanning Tree

Protocol

An evolution of the Spanning Tree Protocol, providing for faster spanning

tree convergence after a topology change. The RSTP protocol is backward

compatible with the STP protocol.

S

Single

polarized

antenna

An antenna that can transmit only one channel of polarized electromagnetic

waves.

Space diversity A diversity scheme that enables two or more antennas separated by a

specific distance to transmit/receive the same signal and selection is then

performed between the two signals to ease the impact of fading. Currently,

only receive SD is used.

Spanning Tree

Protocol

An algorithm defined in the IEEE 802.1D. It configures the active topology

of a Bridged LAN of arbitrary topology into a single spanning tree.

Subnet A logical entity in the transmission network, which comprises a group of

network management objects. A subnet can contain NEs and other subnets.

Subnetwork

connection

protection

A function, which allows a working subnetwork connection to be replaced

by a protection subnetwork connection if the working subnetwork

connection fails, or if its performance falls below a required level.

Synchronous

Digital

Hierarchy

A hierarchical set of synchronous digital transport, multiplexing, and

cross-connect structures, which is standardized for the transport of suitably

adapted payloads over physical transmission networks.

U

U2000 A unified network management system developed by Huawei. It can

support all the NE level and network level management functions, and can

manage the transport network, access network, and MAN Ethernet in a

unified manner.

V

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description B Glossary



B-5



Virtual LAN An end-to-end logical network that can travel through several network

segments or networks by using the network management software based

on the switch LAN. The IEEE 802.1Q is the main standard for the virtual

LAN.

B Glossary

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description



Issue 02 (2009-10-30)



C Acronyms and Abbreviations

Acronyms and abbreviations are listed in alphabetical order.

A

ADC Analog Digit Converter

AGC Automatic Gain Control

APS Automatic Protection Switching

ARP Address Resolution Protocol

ASK Amplitude Shift Keying

ATPC Automatic Transmit Power Control

AU Administrative Unit

B

BER Bit Error Rate

BIOS Basic Input Output System

BIP Bit-Interleaved Parity

BPDU Bridge Protocol Data Unit

BSC Base Station Controller

C

CAR Committed Access Rate

CBS Committed Burst Size

CCDP Co-Channel Dual Polarization

CF Compact Flash card

CGMP Cisco Group Management Protocol

OptiX RTN 950

Product Description C Acronyms and Abbreviations



C-1



CIR Committed Information Rate

CIST Common and Internal Spanning Tree

CoS Class of Service

CPU Central Processing Unit

CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check

CVLAN Customer VLAN

C-VLAN Customer VLAN

D

DC Direct Current

DCC Data Communications Channel

DCN Data Communication Network

DSCP Differentiated Services Code Point

DVMRP Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol

E

ECC Embedded Control Channel

E-LAN Ethernet-LAN

EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility

EMI Electromagnetic Interference

ERPS Ethernet Ring Protection Switching

ES-IS End System to Intermediate System

ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute

F

FCS Frame Check Sequence

FD Frequency Diversity

FE Fast Ethernet

FEC Forward Error Correction

FIFO First In First Out

FLP Fast Link Pulse

FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array


OptiX RTN 950

Product Description

C-2 Huawei Proprietary and Confidential


Issue 02 (2009-10-30)



LAG Link Aggregation Group

LAPS Link Access Procedure-SDH

LB LoopBack

LCT Generation-Local Craft Terminal

LDPC Low-Density Parity Check code

LMSP Linear Multiplex Section Protection

LPT Link State Pass Through

M

MA Maintenance Association

MAC Medium Access Control

MADM Multi Add-Drop Multiplexer

MBS Maximum Burst Size

MD Maintenance Domain

MDI Medium Dependent Interface

MEP Maintenance End Point

MIB Management Information Base

MP Maintenance Point

MSP Multiplex Section Protection

MSTP Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol

MTBF Mean Time Between Failure

MTTR Mean Time To Repair

MTU Maximum Transmission Unit

N

NE Network Element

NLP Normal Link Pulse

NMS Network Management System

NNI Network-to-Network Interface or Network Node Interface

NSAP Network Service Access Point

O


OptiX RTN 950

Product Description

C-4 Huawei Proprietary and Confidential


Issue 02 (2009-10-30)



OAM Operations, Administration and Maintenance

ODU Outdoor Unit

OSI Open Systems Interconnection

OSPF Open Shortest Path First

P

PDH Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy

PIM-DM Protocol Independent Multicast-Dense Mode

PIM-SM Protocol Independent Multicast-Sparse Mode

PIR Peak Information Rate

PPP Point-to-Point Protocol

PRBS Pseudo-Random Binary Sequence

Q

QinQ 802.1Q in 802.1Q

QoS Quality of Service

QPSK Quadrature Phase Shift Keying

R

RF Radio Frequency

RFC Request For Comment

RIP Routing Information Protocol

RMON Remote Monitoring

RNC Radio Network Controller

RS Reed-Solomon encoding

RSL Received Signal Level

RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator

RSTP Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol

RTN Radio Transmission Node

S

SD Space Diversity

OptiX RTN 950




C-5



VC-3 Virtual Container -3

VC4 Virtual Container -4

VC-4 Virtual Container -4

VCG Virtual Concatenation Group

VLAN Virtual LAN

VoIP Voice over IP

VPN Virtual Private Network

W

WAN Wide Area Network

WRR Weighted Round Robin

WTR Wait to Restore Time

X

XPD Cross-Polarization Discrimination

XPIC Cross-polarization Interference Cancellation

OptiX RTN 950


6.5.2 rtn950 product description

Documents