6.3 section objectives – page 157
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6.3 Section Objectives – page 157. Objectives:. Relate monomers and polymers. Describe how polymers are formed and broken down in organisms. Describe the basic structure and function of carbohydrates. Describe the structure and function of lipids. 6.3 Section Summary 6.3 – pages 157-163. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
• Relate monomers and polymers
Objectives:
• Describe how polymers are formed and broken down in organisms.
• Describe the basic structure and function of carbohydrates.
• Describe the structure and function of lipids.
• Carbon compounds vary greatly in size.
Life’s Large Molecules
• Straight chains, branched chains, or rings.
• 4 types: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
• Life’s molecules = Organic = Carbon.
Polymers
• Small molecules (monomers) bond together to form long chains called polymers.
Building Polymers • Monomers are added to a chain by releasing a
water molecule.
• Dehydration reaction (synthesis).
6.3 Section Summary 6.3 – pages 157-163
Breaking Polymers • Cells break bonds between monomers by
adding water• Hydrolysis
reaction
• A carbohydrate is an organic molecule composed of C, H, and O with a ratio of about 1: 2: 1.
“Carbs”
• Main fuel supply for cellular work.
• 2 sugar monomers is a disaccharide (sucrose = glucose + fructose).
Carbohydrate Forms • A single carbohydrate monomer is called
a monosaccharide (ie. glucose, fructose, galactose)
• Energy storage or support.
Carbohydrate Forms • Polysaccharides are polymers composed
of many monosaccharide monomers. (ie. starch, glycogen, cellulose)
• Hydrophilic.
• Lipids are large organic molecules that are made mostly of carbon and hydrogen with a small amount of oxygen. (ie. fats, oils, waxes)
Lipids
• Hydrophobic
• Function: boundaries, messengers, stored energy.
• Fats: 3 carbon backbone + 3 fatty acid chains.
– saturated and unsaturated
– stored energy
Lipids
• Steroids: 4 fused rings.
– hormones, support
• How are monomers and polymers related?
• How are polymers formed?
• How are polymers broken down?
• What is a carbohydrate?
• What is a lipid?
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