6202.0 labour force, australia (jun 2015)...september 2015 15 october 2015 august 2015 10 september...

pts0.1 pts0.064.864.7Participation rate (%)

pts0.0 pts0.16.05.9Unemployment rate (%)

%1.412.8756.1743.4Unemployed persons ('000)

%1.97.311 768.611 761.2Employed persons ('000)

Seasonally Adjusted

pts0.1 pts0.064.864.8Participation rate (%)

pts0.0 pts0.06.06.0Unemployment rate (%)

%1.3–2.8753.8756.5Unemployed persons ('000)

%1.915.211 767.211 752.0Employed persons ('000)

Trend

Jun 14 toJun 15

May 15 toJun 15Jun 2015May 2015

K E Y F I G U R E S

T R E N D E S T I M A T E S ( M O N T H L Y C H A N G E )

Employment increased to 11,767,200.

Unemployment decreased to 753,800.

Unemployment rate remained steady at 6.0%.

Participation rate remained steady at 64.8%.

Aggregate monthly hours worked increased 2.0 million hours to 1,636.3 million hours.

S E A S O N A L L Y A D J U S T E D E S T I M A T E S ( M O N T H L Y C H A N G E )

Employment increased 7,300 to 11,768,600. Full-time employment increased 24,500 to

8,156,200 and part-time employment decreased 17,200 to 3,612,400.

Unemployment increased 12,800 to 756,100. The number of unemployed persons

looking for full-time work increased 27,200 to 541,200 and the number of unemployed

persons only looking for part-time work decreased 14,500 to 214,900.

Unemployment rate increased 0.1 pts to 6.0% from a revised May 2015 estimate.

Participation rate increased less than 0.1 pts to 64.8%.

Aggregate monthly hours worked increased 5.1 million hours (0.3%) to

1,636.9 million hours.

K E Y P O I N T S

E M B A R G O : 1 1 . 3 0 A M ( C A N B E R R A T I M E ) T H U R S 9 J U L 2 0 1 5

LABOUR FORCE A U S T R A L I A

6202.0J U N E 2 0 1 5

For further informationabout these and relatedstatistics, contact theNational Information andReferral Service on1300 135 070, [email protected] Labour Force onCanberra (02) 6252 6525,[email protected].

Employed Persons

Jun2014

Sep Dec Mar2015

Jun

'000

11220

11340

11460

11580

11700

11820TrendSeas adj.

Unemployment Rate

Jun2014

Sep Dec Mar2015

Jun

%

5.6

5.8

6.0

6.2

6.4

6.6TrendSeas adj.

I N Q U I R I E S

w w w . a b s . g o v . a u

14 January 2016December 2015

10 December 2015November 2015

12 November 2015October 2015

15 October 2015September 2015

10 September 2015August 2015

6 August 2015July 2015

RELEASE DATEISSUEFO R T H C O M I N G I S S U E S

Da v i d W . Ka l i s c h

Au s t r a l i a n S t a t i s t i c i a n

0.4 ptsto–0.4 pts0.0 ptsParticipation rate0.5 ptsto–0.3 pts0.1 ptsUnemployment rate50 400to–24 80012 800Total Unemployment65 500to–50 9007 300Total Employment

95% Confidence interval

Monthly

change

MOVEMENTS IN SEASONALLY ADJUSTED SERIES BETWEEN MAY 2015 AND JUNE 2015

The estimates in this publication are based on a sample survey. Published estimates and

movements are subject to sampling variability. Standard errors give a measure of

sampling variability. The interval bounded by two standard errors is the 95% confidence

interval, which provides a way of looking at the variability inherent in estimates. There is

a 95% chance that the true value of the estimate lies within that interval.

SA M P L I N G ER R O R

The introduction of new format tables, spreadsheets and data cubes was scheduled for

the June release of this and the detailed monthly issue. The introduction has been

delayed pending finalisation of testing. The new outputs are now scheduled to be

introduced with the July 2015 monthly issues and the August 2015 quarterly issue. Any

change to this plan will be announced on Friday 31 July at the latest. Details of the new

format outputs are on page 6.

The ABS will delay the release of the September 2015 Labour Force releases due to the

two public holidays in the weeks preceding the current release date. The September

2015 issue of Labour Force, Australia will be released on 15 October.

An article presenting an assessment of the volatility in the Labour Force series will be

released on 16 July with the June 2015 issue of the detailed monthly Labour Force data

(cat. no. 6291.0.55.001).

Annual benchmarking of aggregate monthly hours worked will occur with the July 2015

issue. For details see page 7.

An update on recommendations 10 and 11 from the independent technical review into

the Labour Force Survey is available on page 8.

WH A T ' S NE W IN TH E

LA B O U R FO R C E

2 A B S • L A B O U R FO R C E • 6 2 0 2 . 0 • J U N 2 0 1 5

N O T E S

Seasonally adjusted full-time employment increased by 24,500 persons to 8,156,200

persons while part-time employment decreased by 17,200 to 3,612,400 persons in June

2015. The increase in total employment resulted from:

an increase in female full-time employment, up 17,500 persons

an increase in male full-time employment, up 7,000 persons

a decrease in male part-time employment, down 6,600 persons

a decrease in female part-time employment, down 10,600 persons.

Seasonally adjusted aggregate monthly hours worked increased 5.1 million hours (0.3%)

in June 2015 to 1,636.9 million hours.

Jan2014

May Sep Jan2015

May

%

59.0

59.5

60.0

60.5

61.0

61.5

62.0

62.5TrendSeasonally adjusted

EMPLOYMENT TO POPULAT ION RATIO, PERSONS, January 2014 toJune 2015

Australia's unemployment rate increased 0.1 percentage points from a revised May

estimate to 6.0% in June 2015 (seasonally adjusted) with:

the number of unemployed persons increasing by 12,800 to 756,100,

the number of employed persons increasing by 7,300 to 11,768,600, and

the participation rate increasing less than 0.1 percentage points to 64.8%.

In trend terms the unemployment rate was unchanged at 6.0% in June 2015. The

number of employed persons in June 2015 increased by 15,200 to 11,767,200 and the

number of unemployed persons decreased by 2,800 to 753,800 in trend terms. The trend

participation rate was unchanged at 64.8% in June 2015.

The employment to population ratio, which expresses the number of employed persons

as a percentage of the civilian population aged 15 years and over, was unchanged at

60.9% (seasonally adjusted) in June 2015. In trend terms, the employment to population

ratio increased less than 0.1 percentage points to 60.9%.

NA T I O N A L ES T I M A T E S

In original terms the growth in employment for Western Australia between April and May

2015 was unparalleled compared to previous movements between April and May. As a

result, in the May 2015 issue the ABS removed this impact from the seasonally adjusted

estimates for Western Australia and subsequently, Australia. This treatment has been

retained for the May 2015 estimates but no similar treatment was required for the June

2015 estimates.

AB O U T TH E ES T I M A T E S

A B S • L A B O U R FO R C E • 6 2 0 2 . 0 • J U N 2 0 1 5 3

L A B O U R F O R C E C O M M E N T A R Y J U N E 2 0 1 5

Gross flows (Table 17) highlight the change in labour force status of individuals between

last month and this month. Gross flows are derived from the sample that is common

between two consecutive months which, after taking account of sample rotation and

varying non-response each month, is approximately 80% of the sample. However, the

level and movement estimates produced from the gross flows will not necessarily

represent 80% of the level and movement estimates in a given month from the whole

sample. Despite this limitation, analysis of the gross flows data can provide an indication,

in original terms, of underlying movements in the labour market.

In original terms between May and June 2015 the number of persons employed

decreased by 26,200 with gross flows showing a net decrease of 49,600. The decrease

shown in the gross flows comprised:

230,600 persons whose status changed from employed to not in the labour force,

81,300 persons whose status changed from employed to unemployed,

86,700 persons whose status changed from unemployed to employed, and

GR O S S F L O W S

np not available for publication but included in totals whereapplicable, unless otherwise indicated

6.05.96.06.0Australianpnp4.14.2Australian Capital Territorynpnp4.54.5Northern Territory6.57.06.96.8Tasmania5.85.15.55.5Western Australia8.27.67.87.5South Australia6.16.36.36.4Queensland6.06.06.06.0Victoria5.85.75.85.8New South Wales

%%%%

JuneMayJuneMay

SEASONALLYADJUSTEDTREND

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE, STATES AND TERRITORIES, May 2015 andJune 2015

The largest absolute increase in seasonally adjusted employment was in New South

Wales (up 11,300 persons). The largest absolute decreases in seasonally adjusted

employment were in South Australia (down 5,700 persons) and Victoria (down 5,500

persons).

In seasonally adjusted terms, the unemployment rate for Western Australia increased 0.7

percentage points and the participation rate increased 0.6 percentage points. In both

cases the series returned closer to the level they were prior to the May 2015 estimates.

Of the other states, the largest decrease in the seasonally adjusted participation rate was

in Queensland (down 0.3 percentage points). South Australia (up 0.6 percentage points)

had the largest increase in the seasonally adjusted unemployment rate and Tasmania

(down 0.5 percentage points) had the largest decrease.

Seasonally adjusted estimates are not published for the territories and the ABS

recommends using trend estimates to analyse the underlying behaviour of the state

series.

ST A T E ES T I M A T E S


L A B O U R F O R C E C O M M E N T A R Y J U N E 2 0 1 5 continued

175,600 persons whose status changed from not in the labour force to employed.

In original terms between May and June 2015 the number of persons unemployed

increased by less than 100 persons with gross flows showing a net decrease of 8,700. The

decrease shown in the gross flows comprised:

133,100 persons whose status changed from unemployed to not in the labour force,

86,700 persons whose status changed from unemployed to employed,

81,300 persons whose status changed from employed to unemployed, and

129,700 persons whose status changed from not in the labour force to unemployed.

As the gross flows data are presented in original terms they are not directly comparable

to the seasonally adjusted and trend data discussed elsewhere in the commentary,

particularly with the current movement from May 2015 to June 2015 due to the removal

of the impact of unprecedented employment growth in Western Australia in May 2015

from seasonally adjusted and trend estimates.

GR O S S F L O W S continued


L A B O U R F O R C E C O M M E N T A R Y J U N E 2 0 1 5 continued

This note is essential for all clients using the Labour Force spreadsheets and data cubes.

Commencing with the July 2015 issues of this publication and the detailed monthly

publication (cat. no. 6291.0.55.001), and the August 2015 issue of the detailed quarterly

publication (cat. no. 6291.0.55.003), the ABS plans to publish Labour Force spreadsheets

and data cubes in new formats. Any change to this plan will be announced on Friday 31

July at the latest.

These spreadsheets and data cubes will be published in the formats presented in the

Information Paper: Forthcoming Changes to Labour Force Statistics, October 2014 (cat.

no. 6292.0). Attached to the Information Paper is a version of the new format

spreadsheets containing data for this publication. This version contains data as at the

April 2015 issue of this publication. These spreadsheets can be used to test any processes

accessing these datasets. Spreadsheets for the detailed monthly publication (cat. no.

6291.0.55.001) containing data as per the April 2015 issue will be added to the

Information paper on 14 July. A concordance between the current and new time series

identifiers will also be included.

While the format of the outputs will change, this will not introduce any revisions to the

original estimates when rounded to the nearest person, other than the spreadsheet

tables containing underutilisation data (tables 22 and 23). While testing these tables it

was discovered that a small group of seasonal workers were incorrectly counted as

underemployed, and therefore also as underutilised. The ending of a seasonal worker's

contract (e.g. fruit picker) because the relevant season has concluded is not considered

an economic reason and therefore should not be included as underemployed. The

revision will impact the quarters since the introduction of the July 2014 questionnaire

with underemployment for this period to be revised down by between 1,100 and 5,500

persons in original terms.

In addition to the format changes, the following series are planned to be introduced:

Monthly underutilisation (original series only until 2017) from the August 2015 issue

of this publication.

The following new items from the August 2015 issue of the detailed quarterly

publication (cat. no. 6291.0.55.003):

Volume measures of labour underutilisation

Leave entitlements

Retrenchment

Sector of main job (public / private).

The following new items from the November 2015 issue of the detailed quarterly

publication (cat. no. 6291.0.55.003):

Educational attainment

Educational attendance for the whole civilian population.

A brief article will be released for each of the new quarterly items to assist clients in

interpreting the data. A brief article will also be released describing changes to the Status

in Employment standard which are planned to take effect from the July 2015 issue.

CH A N G E S TO LA B O U R

FO R C E OU T P U T S


W H A T ' S N E W I N T H E L A B O U R F O R C E

Each year the aggregate monthly hours worked series is benchmarked to an annual

hours worked level. This will occur with the July 2015 issue of this publication, which will

likely result in minor revisions to the aggregate monthly hours worked series. For details

on the methodology, refer to the Information Paper: Expansion of Hours Worked

Estimates from the Labour Force Survey, Australia, 2009 (ABS cat. no. 6290.0.55.001).

AN N U A L BE N C H M A R K I N G

OF AG G R E G A T E MO N T H L Y

HO U R S WO R K E D

The new outputs result from a review conducted in 2010-11 of the labour household

survey program. The outcomes of the review were announced in 2012 but

implementation has been delayed while priority was given to investigations into recent

Labour Force results, the annual seasonal reanalysis and comprehensive testing of the

system producing the new outputs.

Users of this pdf should take extra care until experienced with the new format. For

details of changes to tables in the pdf refer to the information paper.

CH A N G E S TO LA B O U R

FO R C E OU T P U T S continued


W H A T ' S N E W I N T H E L A B O U R F O R C E continued

Recommendation 10 of the review and the ABS's initial response released on 9

December 2014 are:

Recommendation 10: Given the importance of the LFS data and the adverse effect of the

associated supplementary survey program on these key economic indicators, the ABS

should consider discontinuing the supplementary surveys, or conduct them in a manner

that has a negligible impact on the LFS data.

ABS Response: Agree (to consider) and will be included in relevant work plans.

Consultation with key stakeholders will be an integral component of the work plan. An

update will be provided in mid-2015.

Further to the initial response in December 2014, the ABS has continued the

supplementary survey program on the basis that:

The corrections introduced into the seasonal adjustment process are an effective

means of removing the impact of supplementary surveys from the seasonally

adjusted and trend labour force estimates.

The information provided by the supplementary surveys is important for assessing a

range of labour market policies and currently there is no alternative cost-effective

method for obtaining this information.

The ABS is developing a proposal for a new Australian Population Survey and, as part

of this development, will consider alternative means of collecting this information.

A change to be made to one supplementary survey will minimise the likelihood of it

having an unexpected impact on the labour force series. This is explained below.

Following the changes to the Labour Force Survey introduced from February 2014, only

two of the current supplementary surveys have been identified as having a potential

impact on labour force estimates. These surveys are:

Characteristics of Employment which is conducted each August from 2014, and

Participation, Job search and Mobility which is conducted each February from 2015.

Each of these supplementary surveys consist of their own core set of questions which

will be repeated each year, and two additional modules with different questions relating

to the topics covered by the supplementary survey. These modules are referred to as

modules A and B and it was planned that they would be conducted in alternating years.

The first iteration of each supplementary survey (in August 2014 and February 2015,

respectively) comprised each survey's core set of questions and the A module. Before

proceeding with the second iteration of the supplementary surveys the ABS considered

the potential impact on the labour force series of replacing the A module with the B

module.

RE C O M M E N D A T I O N 10

The Executive Summary of an independent technical review into the Labour Force

Survey (LFS) and the ABS response to the review's recommendations were released on

the ABS website on 9 December 2014. For details see the November 2014 issue of Labour

Force, Australia(cat. no. 6202.0). This note provides an update on recommendations 10

and 11 of the review which related to the supplementary survey program and timing of

Labour Force releases, respectively.

I N T R O D U C T I O N


U P D A T E O N R E C O M M E N D A T I O N S 1 0 A N D 1 1 F R O M T H EI N D E P E N D E N T T E C H N I C A L R E V I E W

Recommendation 11 of the review and the ABS's initial response released on 9

December 2014 are:

Recommendation 11: The LFS processing and publication cycle should be closely

monitored to determine whether or not it is necessary to delay publishing LFS data until

early in the week following the current timetable on an ongoing basis or at least when

changes are being made to the LFS. In particular, delaying the publication should be

considered if any significant change is to be implemented.

ABS Response: Agree and will be included in relevant work plans in relation to future

changes to the LFS. Needs further consideration, including consultation where

appropriate, in relation to any ongoing change to the LFS publication cycle. An update

will be provided in mid-2015.

To progress this issue, the ABS will prepare a discussion paper to consider the

implications of an ongoing delay to the Labour Force releases. The paper will consider:

The potential benefits in data quality that may arise from a delay (e.g. would other

indicators be available to assist in quality assuring the labour force series).

The extent that current risks to the release due to unexpected system or other

issues would be reduced by a delay.

If the detailed monthly series and quarterly series would also need to be delayed a

week, or if they could be released at the same time as the main monthly publication.


The February 2015 Participation, Job search and Mobility supplementary survey with

module A had a significantly greater impact on the labour force series than the

Characteristics of Employment supplementary survey. Unlike the two Characteristics of

Employment modules, the Participation, Job search and Mobility module A and module

B contain significantly different content, target different population groups and contain a

significantly different number of questions. On this basis it is likely that the impact on

the labour force estimates of the Participation, Job search and Mobility supplementary

survey with module B will differ significantly from the impact observed with module A.

For this reason and as the module A content is considered more important to

stakeholders, the February 2016 Participation, Job search and Mobility supplementary

survey will retain its core set of questions but continue with module A rather than

change to module B. Any impact can be removed through the prevailing ABS correction

methodology.

Part ic ipat ion, Job search

and Mobil i ty

The August 2014 Characteristics of Employment supplementary survey had an

identifiable but not large impact on the labour force series, and this impact was removed

by the correction methodology. As both the A and B modules contain related content

and target similar population groups, it is anticipated that the Characteristics of

Employment supplementary survey with module B will have a similar minimal impact on

the labour force estimates as the survey with module A and any impact can be removed

through the prevailing ABS correction methodology. On this basis the August 2015

Characteristics of Employment supplementary survey will retain its core set of questions

and replace module A with module B as planned.

Character ist ics of

Employment


U P D A T E O N R E C O M M E N D A T I O N S 1 0 A N D 1 1 F R O M T H EI N D E P E N D E N T T E C H N I C A L R E V I E W continued

The ABS will develop the above discussion paper over the next month and will provide it

to members of the Labour Statistics Advisory Group in September 2015. If other

stakeholders would like to receive a copy of the discussion paper please send an email to

[email protected].


continued


U P D A T E O N R E C O M M E N D A T I O N S 1 0 A N D 1 1 F R O M T H EI N D E P E N D E N T T E C H N I C A L R E V I E W continued

64.86.06.112 521.0753.8531.011 767.23 619.78 147.5June64.86.06.112 508.6756.5533.311 752.03 613.28 138.8May64.86.16.212 493.2760.2536.311 733.03 606.08 126.9April64.86.16.212 474.8763.9539.611 710.83 597.68 113.3March64.76.26.312 453.4767.4542.511 686.03 588.28 097.9February64.76.26.312 428.4769.8544.111 658.63 578.48 080.2January

2015

64.76.26.312 402.0770.9544.511 631.13 568.68 062.6December64.76.26.312 378.1770.8544.211 607.23 559.58 047.7November64.66.26.312 358.0770.0544.211 588.03 550.38 037.6October64.76.26.412 340.8767.6545.211 573.23 540.08 033.2September64.76.26.412 325.5762.3545.411 563.23 530.28 032.9August64.76.16.312 310.7754.0543.111 556.73 523.18 033.6July64.76.06.312 296.1743.8538.711 552.33 519.78 032.6June

201465.05.76.012 147.8688.7507.411 459.13 459.47 999.7June 201365.15.25.211 962.0617.5439.411 344.53 377.47 967.0June 2012

PE R S O N S


2015


201458.75.66.65 560.1312.8201.75 247.32 414.42 832.9June 201358.85.36.05 474.6290.0179.75 184.72 372.42 812.3June 2012

FE M A L E S


2015


201471.55.75.66 587.8376.0305.86 211.81 044.95 166.8June 201371.65.04.86 487.4327.6259.76 159.81 005.05 154.8June 2012

MA L E S

%%%'000'000'000'000'000'000

Total

Looking

for f/t

workTotal

Looking

for f/t

workTotal

Part

time

Full

time

Participation

rate

UNEMPLOYMENTRATE

Labour force

UNEMPLOYEDEMPLOYED

LABOUR FORCE STATUS (AGED 15 YEARS & OVER) : Trend1



2015


201465.15.76.012 164.0695.7514.811 468.33 469.37 999.0June 201365.15.25.111 955.2620.4430.711 334.73 375.87 959.0June 2012

PE R S O N S


2015


201458.75.76.85 561.9315.0206.85 246.92 420.72 826.2June 201358.75.56.25 471.4302.1186.35 169.32 368.12 801.1June 2012

FE M A L E S


2015


201471.65.85.66 602.1380.8308.06 221.41 048.65 172.7June 201371.64.94.56 483.8318.3244.46 165.51 007.75 157.8June 2012

MA L E S

%%%'000'000'000'000'000'000

Total

Looking

for f/t

workTotal

Looking

for f/t

workTotal

Part

time

Full

time

Participation

rate

UNEMPLOYMENTRATE

Labour force

UNEMPLOYEDEMPLOYED

LABOUR FORCE STATUS (AGED 15 YEARS & OVER) : Seasona l l y Adjus ted2


64.85.86.219 339.66 805.212 534.4732.8535.611 801.73 671.78 129.9June65.05.85.919 315.96 755.312 560.5732.7506.511 827.83 675.68 152.2May64.96.16.219 292.26 771.012 521.2767.4534.811 753.73 656.68 097.2April65.16.56.519 268.46 716.512 551.9811.0559.911 740.93 624.98 116.0March65.56.76.719 235.16 633.112 602.0839.3584.311 762.73 572.98 189.7February64.36.86.919 201.76 861.412 340.3838.0594.811 502.33 462.68 039.7January

2015

65.15.96.119 168.36 686.712 481.6733.4530.711 748.23 562.88 185.4December64.55.96.119 142.46 804.812 337.6724.3519.111 613.33 570.98 042.4November64.56.16.119 116.46 785.312 331.2752.0519.411 579.23 570.98 008.4October64.56.16.119 090.56 776.212 314.3745.5524.811 568.83 559.78 009.1September64.76.06.119 063.16 732.012 331.1734.3518.111 596.73 610.27 986.5August64.66.06.319 035.66 731.212 304.4741.7541.111 562.73 498.08 064.8July64.75.96.319 008.16 712.812 295.4722.2534.011 573.23 578.57 994.7June

201465.15.56.018 696.56 530.812 165.6672.6505.511 493.03 525.17 967.9June 201365.15.05.118 367.76 416.511 951.3598.8422.511 352.53 428.57 924.0June 2012

PE R S O N S


2015


201458.75.56.79 478.13 909.95 568.2305.1203.05 263.12 444.42 818.8June 201358.85.36.19 313.23 837.95 475.4292.2182.15 183.22 392.42 790.9June 2012

FE M A L E S


2015


201471.65.65.59 218.32 620.96 597.4367.6302.56 229.81 080.75 149.1June 201371.54.74.59 054.52 578.66 475.9306.6240.46 169.31 036.25 133.1June 2012

MA L E S

%%%'000'000'000'000'000'000'000'000

Total

Looking

for f/t

workTotal

Looking

for f/t

workTotal

Part

time

Full

time

Participation

rate

UNEMPLOYMENTRATE

Civilian

population

aged 15

years

and over

Not in

labour

force

Labour

force

UNEMPLOYEDEMPLOYED

LABOUR FORCE STATUS (AGED 15 YEARS & OVER) : Or ig ina l3


6 196.663.55.8227.43 704.42 620.563.45.8227.13 698.42 598.4June6 189.063.35.7224.53 693.02 585.063.35.8228.83 686.22 585.8May6 181.463.25.9231.53 676.42 557.163.25.9231.03 673.32 572.2April6 173.863.15.9230.13 665.22 566.763.16.0233.03 660.22 558.8March6 162.862.96.2239.23 635.22 554.063.06.0234.43 648.92 546.9February6 151.762.86.2241.33 624.32 515.263.06.1234.63 640.52 537.8January

2015

6 140.763.05.9227.13 641.92 543.863.06.0233.43 635.72 533.3December6 132.463.36.0233.33 650.72 534.563.06.0231.03 633.62 533.6November6 124.162.95.8224.23 629.12 529.863.05.9228.73 631.42 536.4October6 115.862.95.9228.63 619.32 537.763.05.9226.93 627.72 540.3September6 107.863.15.8223.23 627.92 543.563.05.8225.13 623.22 543.3August6 099.863.15.9225.23 621.22 564.863.05.8222.63 619.42 543.7July6 091.762.95.8220.73 613.12 529.063.05.7219.03 617.52 540.5June

20145 995.463.65.4206.13 606.02 524.363.75.6214.53 605.82 526.4June 20135 909.063.05.2192.83 532.02 490.863.05.0187.53 537.82 495.8June 2012

PE R S O N S

3 151.857.46.3114.11 695.2959.357.26.3112.71 689.4946.3June3 148.157.16.2111.21 686.3935.057.16.2111.71 684.5937.8May3 144.456.96.3111.91 676.2924.956.96.2110.81 679.1928.1April3 140.656.76.0106.41 674.7916.656.86.2109.71 673.8918.0March3 135.156.86.3112.11 667.4912.556.76.1108.81 669.3908.2February3 129.556.66.1107.71 662.3899.156.76.1108.31 665.7900.1January

2015

3 123.956.76.0106.11 663.7892.256.76.1108.31 662.9895.4December3 119.756.86.1108.11 664.1887.756.76.1108.71 660.6894.3November3 115.556.96.1108.71 663.8896.356.76.2108.91 658.2895.9October3 111.356.56.3111.41 646.8903.456.76.1108.41 655.9899.4September3 107.456.86.1107.21 658.2907.456.76.1107.11 654.5904.0August3 103.556.66.1107.91 650.2907.356.76.0105.11 654.2908.9July3 099.556.75.7100.21 657.0908.956.75.9103.01 655.1912.7June

20143 050.857.25.799.31 646.3909.757.45.8100.91 649.8912.3June 20133 006.356.55.288.31 609.9895.856.44.982.91 614.1897.5June 2012

FE M A L E S


2015


20142 944.670.25.2106.81 959.71 614.670.35.5113.51 956.01 614.1June 20132 902.869.85.2104.41 922.11 595.069.95.2104.61 923.71 598.3June 2012

MA L E S

'000%%'000'000'000%%'000'000'000

Partici-

pation

rate

Unemp-

loyment

rate

Total

unemp-

loyed

Total

employed

Employed

full time

Partici-

pation

rate

Unemp-

loyment

rate

Total

unemp-

loyed

Total

employed

Employed

full time

Civilian

population

aged 15

years

and over

SEASONALLY ADJUSTEDTREND

LABOUR FORCE STATUS (AGED 15 YEARS & OVER)— New South Wales4



2015


20144 678.465.45.9182.02 877.21 944.364.95.7174.42 862.01 950.1June 20134 595.565.65.6167.72 846.01 961.065.45.5166.32 840.31 947.9June 2012

PE R S O N S


2015


20142 385.459.05.678.31 328.7677.758.65.779.11 319.4681.0June 20132 343.159.66.185.01 311.1687.559.55.981.71 312.8684.9June 2012

FE M A L E S


2015


20142 293.172.16.3103.71 548.51 266.671.45.895.41 542.61 269.1June 20132 252.571.85.182.71 534.91 273.571.65.284.61 527.51 262.9June 2012

MA L E S

'000%%'000'000'000%%'000'000'000

Partici-

pation

rate

Unemp-

loyment

rate

Total

unemp-

loyed

Total

employed

Employed

full time

Partici-

pation

rate

Unemp-

loyment

rate

Total

unemp-

loyed

Total

employed

Employed

full time

Civilian

population

aged 15

years

and over

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED TREND

LABOUR FORCE STATUS (AGED 15 YEARS AND OVER)— Victo r ia5



2015


20143 712.665.76.3154.62 284.61 629.865.65.9144.32 292.61 630.2June 20133 643.366.05.2124.52 281.71 630.566.55.6136.12 285.01 639.1June 2012

PE R S O N S


2015


20141 881.559.65.865.31 055.6589.459.65.662.51 059.9588.4June 20131 844.959.85.459.91 043.4579.560.15.864.81 044.3586.9June 2012

FE M A L E S


2015


20141 831.172.06.889.21 229.01 040.471.86.281.81 232.71 041.8June 20131 798.472.55.064.61 238.41 051.172.95.471.31 240.61 052.2June 2012

MA L E S

'000%%'000'000'000%%'000'000'000

Partici-

pation

rate

Unemp-

loyment

rate

Total

unemp-

loyed

Total

employed

Employed

full time

Partici-

pation

rate

Unemp-

loyment

rate

Total

unemp-

loyed

Total

employed

Employed

full time

Civilian

population

aged 15

years

and over


LABOUR FORCE STATUS (AGED 15 YEARS AND OVER)— Queens land6


1 398.862.58.271.9802.7519.662.57.867.8806.2526.1June1 397.862.67.666.9808.4526.462.37.565.4805.4528.5May1 396.862.27.262.7805.8534.062.17.363.0804.5530.9April1 395.861.76.455.4805.4537.961.97.060.8803.3532.8March1 394.161.46.958.9797.4533.361.86.959.2801.8534.1February1 392.462.17.262.3802.9536.061.76.858.2800.5535.0January

2015

1 390.761.46.656.1797.5528.261.66.757.5800.1535.8December1 389.861.86.757.1801.2536.061.76.757.1800.9536.7November1 388.961.76.757.3800.3544.561.96.656.9802.5538.0October1 388.062.16.858.2803.8538.262.06.656.8804.0538.9September1 386.962.25.951.2810.8539.362.26.657.1804.9538.8August1 385.862.37.060.5803.4534.462.26.757.8804.8537.4July1 384.862.57.161.7804.3539.362.36.858.4803.8535.1June

20141 371.362.45.950.4805.3540.662.76.253.5806.9538.3June 20131 359.063.16.454.6803.3525.362.75.647.4804.9528.4June 2012

PE R S O N S

712.057.27.028.7378.5177.957.07.128.8376.9178.6June711.557.17.530.3375.8178.356.87.128.5375.3179.1May711.056.56.927.7373.8180.756.57.028.2373.7179.5April710.556.16.626.3372.2180.756.37.028.0372.0180.0March709.655.67.027.6366.6178.956.17.027.8370.4180.6February708.856.87.329.3373.1182.956.07.027.6369.1181.3January

2015

708.055.66.826.8366.8179.455.96.927.4368.6181.9December707.556.07.027.6368.8181.855.96.826.9368.8182.4November707.155.66.626.0367.0187.656.06.726.4369.5182.7October706.656.26.626.1370.7180.556.16.525.8370.3182.8September706.156.56.124.5374.8181.356.16.425.3370.9182.4August705.655.96.324.9369.7179.756.26.325.1371.1181.5July705.156.36.425.6371.7185.756.26.425.2370.8180.2June

2014698.456.26.023.4369.3186.856.86.224.5372.1186.3June 2013692.157.16.425.2370.0174.556.75.421.1371.2175.6June 2012

FE M A L E S


2015


2014672.968.85.827.0436.0353.768.96.229.0434.8351.9June 2013666.969.46.429.4433.3350.869.05.726.3433.7352.7June 2012

MA L E S

'000%%'000'000'000%%'000'000'000

Partici-

pation

rate

Unemp-

loyment

rate

Total

unemp-

loyed

Total

employed

Employed

full time

Partici-

pation

rate

Unemp-

loyment

rate

Total

unemp-

loyed

Total

employed

Employed

full time

Civilian

population

aged 15

years

and over


LABOUR FORCE STATUS (AGED 15 YEARS AND OVER)— South Aust ra l ia7



2015


20142 032.968.44.664.21 327.1958.968.44.867.11 323.5953.9June 20131 966.369.13.547.81 311.0952.969.13.750.11 309.7949.9June 2012

PE R S O N S


2015


20141 007.160.64.627.9582.7313.560.44.929.6578.8312.5June 2013

976.661.64.728.2573.1314.061.44.326.1573.3310.8June 2012

FE M A L E S


2015


20141 025.876.14.736.3744.4645.476.34.837.5744.7641.4June 2013

989.776.52.619.6737.9639.076.83.224.0736.4639.1June 2012

MA L E S

'000%%'000'000'000%%'000'000'000

Partici-

pation

rate

Unemp-

loyment

rate

Total

unemp-

loyed

Total

employed

Employed

full time

Partici-

pation

rate

Unemp-

loyment

rate

Total

unemp-

loyed

Total

employed

Employed

full time

Civilian

population

aged 15

years

and over


LABOUR FORCE STATUS (AGED 15 YEARS AND OVER)— Weste rn Aust ra l ia8



2015


2014417.860.88.822.3231.8146.560.37.920.0231.7145.8June 2013416.660.37.117.8233.4147.960.36.917.2233.9149.8June 2012

PE R S O N S


2015


2014211.456.48.910.6108.649.055.58.09.3108.048.3June 2013210.954.96.37.3108.448.555.26.87.9108.550.0June 2012

FE M A L E S


2015


2014206.465.48.711.7123.297.565.17.910.7123.797.6June 2013205.765.87.710.5124.999.465.56.99.4125.599.8June 2012

MA L E S

'000%%'000'000'000%%'000'000'000

Partici-

pation

rate

Unemp-

loyment

rate

Total

unemp-

loyed

Total

employed

Employed

full time

Partici-

pation

rate

Unemp-

loyment

rate

Total

unemp-

loyed

Total

employed

Employed

full time

Civilian

population

aged 15

years

and over


LABOUR FORCE STATUS (AGED 15 YEARS AND OVER)— Tasman ia9


189.176.34.56.5137.7111.7June188.876.24.56.4137.4111.3May188.575.94.46.3136.8110.9April188.275.64.36.2136.1110.5March188.075.04.26.0135.1109.9February187.874.34.05.6133.8109.2January

2015

187.673.43.95.3132.5108.2December187.572.73.85.2131.0107.1November187.372.33.95.3130.0106.3October187.272.34.15.6129.7106.3September186.972.84.35.9130.2107.0August186.573.64.46.0131.3108.5July186.274.44.35.9132.6110.2June

2014182.874.75.67.7128.8103.4June 2013176.773.64.15.4124.6101.6June 2012

PE R S O N S


2015


201487.370.15.73.557.741.2June 201385.470.14.02.457.541.8June 2012

FE M A L E S


2015


201495.579.05.54.271.262.3June 201391.376.84.23.067.159.7June 2012

MA L E S

'000%%'000'000'000

Partici-

pation

rate

Unemp-

loyment

rate

Total

unemp-

loyed

Total

employed

Employed

full time

Civilian

population

aged 15

years

and over

TREND

LABOUR FORCE STATUS (AGED 15 YEARS AND OVER)— Northern Ter r i to ry10



2015


2014305.472.14.08.8211.3154.6June 2013301.372.73.78.1210.9156.8June 2012

PE R S O N S


2015


2014156.367.83.94.2101.964.4June 2013154.169.23.23.5103.366.1June 2012

FE M A L E S


2015


2014149.176.54.04.6109.490.2June 2013147.276.34.14.6107.690.6June 2012

MA L E S

'000%%'000'000'000

Partici-

pation

rate

Unemp-

loyment

rate

Total

unemp-

loyed

Total

employed

Employed

full time

Civilian

population

aged 15

years

and over

TREND

LABOUR FORCE STATUS (AGED 15 YEARS AND OVER)— Aust ra l ian Cap i ta l Ter r i to ry11


64.85.86.219 339.66 805.212 534.4732.8535.611 801.73 671.78 129.9Australia

69.73.53.6312.794.7218.07.75.7210.356.0154.2Australian Capital Territory76.64.85.4189.144.3144.87.06.3137.826.8111.0Northern Territory60.76.46.7422.2165.9256.316.511.0239.787.7152.0Tasmania69.05.86.22 125.7659.31 466.484.864.61 381.6410.6971.0Western Australia62.67.99.31 398.8522.6876.269.253.3807.0287.7519.4South Australia65.25.96.33 835.31 334.42 500.9147.3111.82 353.6690.81 662.8Queensland64.65.75.74 859.31 721.43 137.9178.9117.52 959.11 007.31 951.7Victoria63.55.66.06 196.62 262.63 934.0221.4165.43 712.61 104.82 607.8New South Wales

PE R S O N S

58.95.87.09 804.14 030.85 773.3337.3219.05 436.12 525.02 911.0Australia

65.83.63.7159.954.6105.33.82.5101.536.864.7Australian Capital Territory72.85.06.189.924.565.53.32.862.218.643.6Northern Territory55.96.06.3213.694.1119.57.13.6112.459.153.3Tasmania61.25.46.71 054.8409.1645.735.222.8610.5290.5320.1Western Australia57.26.69.5712.0304.9407.026.718.7380.4202.9177.5South Australia60.15.16.31 946.1776.51 169.759.242.11 110.4486.8623.7Queensland58.56.37.12 475.91 028.61 447.391.251.71 356.1684.7671.4Victoria57.56.17.33 151.81 338.51 813.3110.874.81 702.5745.7956.7New South Wales

FE M A L E S

70.95.85.79 535.52 774.46 761.1395.5316.66 365.61 146.75 218.9Australia

73.83.53.5152.840.1112.73.93.2108.819.289.5Australian Capital Territory80.04.75.099.219.879.33.73.575.68.267.4Northern Territory65.66.96.9208.671.8136.89.47.4127.428.698.7Tasmania76.66.06.01 070.8250.2820.749.641.8771.0120.1650.9Western Australia68.39.19.2686.8217.6469.242.634.6426.684.8341.8South Australia70.56.66.31 889.2557.91 331.288.169.71 243.2204.01 039.2Queensland70.95.24.92 383.4692.81 690.687.765.81 602.9322.61 280.3Victoria69.65.25.23 044.8924.12 120.7110.590.62 010.1359.01 651.1New South Wales

MA L E S

%%%'000'000'000'000'000'000'000'000

Total

Looking

for f/t

workTotal

Looking

for f/t

workTotal

Part

time

Full

time

Participation

rate

UNEMPLOYMENTRATE

Civilian

population

aged 15

years

and over

Not in

labour

force

Labour

force

UNEMPLOYEDEMPLOYED

LABOUR FORCE STATUS (AGED 15 YEARS & OVER) , States & ter r i to r ies :

Or ig ina l —June 201512


4.543.453.919.528.9155.066.3640.7163.0June4.543.353.819.429.2154.566.9640.0161.9May4.643.353.819.529.6154.667.6639.9160.5April4.643.353.819.530.0154.968.2639.6159.1March4.643.353.919.630.2155.668.4639.6157.7February4.643.454.019.630.2156.267.6640.2156.5January

2015

4.543.554.119.629.7156.466.1641.2155.9December4.443.654.219.529.1156.064.2642.8156.3November4.343.754.219.428.5154.962.9644.8157.7October4.343.854.219.228.2153.262.9646.1160.0September4.343.854.119.028.2151.463.9646.1162.6August4.443.753.918.828.3149.465.3644.7164.9July4.543.753.718.628.5147.366.4643.5166.6June

20144.145.554.115.925.9126.559.7667.1170.9June 20134.245.955.016.623.7133.760.8669.2195.1June 2012

PE R S O N S


2015


20143.647.956.014.631.258.225.3341.155.7June 20133.348.357.015.325.661.923.6342.268.5June 2012

FE M A L E S


2015


20144.643.252.317.323.068.234.4326.0115.2June 20135.043.653.218.022.771.737.2327.0126.6June 2012

MA L E S

%%%%%'000'000'000'000

Total

Looking

for f/t

workTotal

Looking

for f/t

workTotal

Full

time

Unemployment

to population

ratio – looking

for full-time

work

Employment

to

population

ratio

Participation

rate

UNEMPLOYMENTRATEUNEMPLOYEDEMPLOYED

PERSONS AGED 15– 19 YEARS, Labour Force Status : Trend13



2015


20144.445.554.115.927.7126.063.8666.1166.9June 20133.945.754.816.822.0134.156.4665.6199.9June 2012

PE R S O N S


2015


20143.947.555.714.833.258.627.4338.155.2June 20133.048.257.215.723.463.721.5341.870.4June 2012

FE M A L E S


2015


20144.843.552.517.024.667.436.4328.1111.6June 20134.643.252.617.821.270.334.8323.8129.5June 2012

MA L E S

%%%%%'000'000'000'000

Total

Looking

for f/t

workTotal

Looking

for f/t

workTotal

Full

time

Unemployment

to population

ratio – looking

for full-time

work

Employment

to

population

ratio

Participation

rate

UNEMPLOYMENTRATEUNEMPLOYEDEMPLOYED

PERSONS AGED 15– 19 YEARS, Labour Force Status : Seasona l l y Ad jus ted14


* estimate is subject to sampling variability too high for most practical purposes

4.452.818.428.71 475.3696.7778.5143.364.3635.2475.4159.8June 20154.152.716.727.71 473.1696.4776.7129.659.9647.1490.6156.5June 20144.152.915.127.11 465.5690.3775.2116.759.7658.5498.3160.3June 20133.653.515.921.71 458.0677.8780.2123.953.2656.3464.9191.4June 2012

Persons

3.055.015.628.0718.7323.7394.961.721.4333.2278.354.9June 20153.154.215.031.1716.5328.0388.458.221.9330.3281.848.5June 20143.454.814.331.1711.9321.9389.955.724.3334.3280.453.9June 20132.856.115.322.3708.7311.0397.760.919.5336.8268.768.0June 2012

Females


Males

TO T A L

1.642.618.860.91 134.7651.9482.990.618.2392.2380.611.7June 20151.242.615.948.11 126.4646.6479.876.213.7403.6388.814.8June 20140.943.013.142.11 110.7633.4477.362.79.7414.6401.213.4June 20130.943.215.537.71 074.2609.9464.372.09.6392.3376.315.9June 2012

Persons

1.347.515.954.5574.5301.8272.743.37.4229.4223.2*6.2June 2015*1.047.614.4*51.3571.9299.7272.339.3*5.5232.9227.7*5.2June 2014*0.947.912.3*48.8560.2291.9268.333.0*4.9235.3230.1*5.2June 2013*0.648.915.1*27.1543.7277.8265.940.3*3.1225.6217.48.2June 2012

Females

1.937.522.566.3560.3350.1210.247.310.8162.8157.3*5.5June 20151.537.417.846.2554.4346.9207.536.98.2170.6161.19.5June 2014

*0.938.014.2*36.9550.5341.5209.029.7*4.8179.3171.18.2June 20131.237.416.046.0530.5332.1198.431.76.6166.7158.97.7June 2012

Males

AT T E N D I N G FU L L - T I M E ED U C A T I O N


Persons


Females


Males

NO T AT T E N D I N G FU L L - T I M E ED U C A T I O N

%%%%'000'000'000'000'000'000'000'000

Total

Looking

for f/t

workTotal

Looking

for f/t

workTotal

Part

time

Full

time

Unemployment

to population

ratio – looking

for full-time

work

Participation

rate

UNEMPLOYMENTRATE

Civilian

population

aged

15–19

years

Not in

labour

force

Labour

force

UNEMPLOYEDEMPLOYED

PERSONS AGED 15– 19 YEARS, Educat ion & Labour Force Status : Or ig ina l15


— nil or rounded to zero (including null cells)* estimate is subject to sampling variability too high for most practical purposes

4.452.818.428.71 475.3696.7778.5143.364.3635.2475.4159.8Australia

*2.946.3*14.1*32.822.812.210.6*1.5*0.79.17.8*1.3Australian Capital Territory*4.757.6*9.6*16.916.26.99.3*0.9*0.88.44.73.7Northern Territory*4.955.619.6*30.233.514.918.63.6*1.715.011.13.8Tasmania*2.553.611.4*14.5162.375.386.99.9*4.077.053.223.8Western Australia6.153.521.938.6104.348.555.812.26.443.633.410.2South Australia6.757.919.637.0310.3130.6179.735.220.9144.5108.935.6Queensland3.950.220.938.7358.2178.4179.837.613.9142.2120.222.0Victoria3.450.817.821.3467.8230.0237.842.316.0195.5136.159.4New South Wales

TO T A L

1.642.618.860.91 134.7651.9482.990.618.2392.2380.611.7Australia

*0.839.9*13.1*100.019.011.47.6*1.0*0.26.66.6*—Australian Capital Territory*0.740.2*4.8*24.910.76.44.3*0.2*0.14.13.9*0.2Northern Territory*1.944.721.9*50.525.314.011.32.5*0.58.88.4*0.5Tasmania*0.542.212.4*17.4122.871.051.96.5*0.645.442.7*2.7Western Australia*2.844.820.0*60.081.945.236.77.4*2.329.427.8*1.6South Australia*2.446.318.8*74.3216.0116.0100.118.8*5.281.279.4*1.8Queensland*1.643.520.2*87.7303.1171.1132.026.6*4.9105.4104.7*0.7Victoria*1.239.119.9*51.3355.8216.8139.027.7*4.4111.4107.1*4.2New South Wales

AT T E N D I N G FU L L - T I M E ED U C A T I O N

13.586.817.823.7340.544.9295.652.746.1243.094.9148.1Australia

*13.178.7*16.7*27.33.8*0.83.0*0.5*0.52.5*1.2*1.3Australian Capital Territory*12.691.9*13.8*16.45.4*0.45.0*0.7*0.74.30.83.5Northern Territory*14.389.6*16.0*25.88.2*0.87.3*1.2*1.26.12.83.4Tasmania

*8.888.9*9.9*14.139.4*4.435.1*3.5*3.531.610.521.1Western Australia18.285.325.432.122.4*3.319.14.84.114.25.68.6South Australia16.684.520.631.794.214.679.616.415.763.229.533.8Queensland16.386.923.029.755.17.247.911.09.036.815.621.3Victoria10.488.214.817.4112.013.298.714.611.684.129.055.2New South Wales

NO T AT T E N D I N G FU L L - T I M E ED U C A T I O N

%%%%'000'000'000'000'000'000'000'000

Total

Looking

for f/t

workTotal

Looking

for f/t

workTotal

Part

time

Full

time

Unemployment

to population

ratio – looking

for full-time

work

Participation

rate

UNEMPLOYMENTRATE

Civilian

population

aged

15–19

years

Not in

labour

force

Labour

force

UNEMPLOYEDEMPLOYED

PERSONS AGED 15– 19 YEARS, States & ter r i to r ies :

Or ig ina l —June 201516


(a) Gross flows figures do not match published labour force estimates. Refer to gross flows in Glossary.

15 289.95 155.410 134.5559.89 574.82 972.76 602.1Matched Civilian Population5 097.14 791.8305.3129.7175.6117.358.2Not in Labour Force

10 192.9363.69 829.2430.19 399.22 855.36 543.8Labour Force568.5133.1435.5348.886.749.537.2Unemployed Total

9 624.4230.69 393.881.39 312.52 805.96 506.6Employed Total3 001.8149.12 852.748.02 804.62 500.3304.3Employed Part time6 622.681.46 541.133.36 507.9305.66 202.3Employed Full time

PE R S O N S

7 763.13 074.94 688.1265.14 423.12 052.52 370.5Matched Civilian Population3 050.72 870.4180.272.1108.174.933.2Not in Labour Force4 712.4204.54 507.9192.94 315.01 977.62 337.4Labour Force

270.173.3196.8157.439.427.012.4Unemployed Total4 442.3131.24 311.135.54 275.61 950.62 325.0Employed Total2 075.792.71 983.026.61 956.41 771.0185.4Employed Part time2 366.638.52 328.18.92 319.2179.62 139.6Employed Full time

FE M A L E S

7 526.82 080.45 446.4294.75 151.7920.14 231.5Matched Civilian Population2 046.41 921.3125.157.667.542.425.1Not in Labour Force5 480.4159.15 321.3237.15 084.2877.74 206.5Labour Force

298.459.8238.6191.347.322.424.9Unemployed Total5 182.099.35 082.745.85 036.9855.34 181.6Employed Total

926.156.4869.621.4848.2729.3118.9Employed Part time4 256.042.94 213.124.44 188.7126.04 062.7Employed Full time

MA L E S

'000'000'000'000'000'000'000

Matched

Civilian

Population

Not in

Labour

Force

Labour

ForceUnemployed

Employed

Total

Employed

Part time

Employed

Full time

LABOUR FORCE STATUS IN JUNE 2015

Labou r fo r ce sta tu s in

May 2015

LABOUR FORCE STATUS GROSS FLOWS, MATCHED RECORDS MAY 2015 AND JUNE

2015(a) : Or ig ina l17


1 636.9261.51 375.41 636.3261.01 375.2June1 631.8261.31 370.51 634.3260.51 373.8May1 629.7258.61 371.01 631.8260.01 371.8April1 630.1258.81 371.41 628.5259.31 369.1March1 625.7258.31 367.31 624.1258.61 365.5February1 632.9261.51 371.31 618.8257.81 361.0January

2015

1 597.4254.21 343.21 612.9256.81 356.2December1 607.4255.41 352.01 608.0255.61 352.4November1 606.5253.91 352.61 605.1254.21 350.9October1 604.2254.41 349.81 604.3252.81 351.5September1 603.5252.41 351.11 605.0251.61 353.4August1 603.3247.81 355.51 606.2250.91 355.3July1 617.8251.91 365.91 606.5250.41 356.1June

20141 583.1243.01 340.11 588.5242.61 346.0June 20131 571.0235.21 335.81 583.7236.61 347.1June 2012

PE R S O N S


2015


2014616.5170.9445.7617.7170.8447.0June 2013604.5165.5439.0610.4166.9443.5June 2012

FE M A L E S


2015


2014966.572.1894.4970.871.8899.0June 2013966.669.7896.8973.369.7903.6June 2012

MA L E S

millionsmillionsmillionsmillionsmillionsmillions

Total

Part

time

workers

Full

time

workersTotal

Part

time

workers

Full

time

workers


AGGREGATE MONTHLY HOURS WORKED18


np not available for publication but included in totals where applicable, unless otherwise indicated

1 636.328.420.931.2197.3107.5335.6403.3512.2June1 634.328.420.931.3197.1108.1335.4403.1510.1May1 631.828.320.831.4196.9108.7334.8402.7508.0April1 628.528.320.731.5196.7109.2334.1401.9506.1March1 624.128.220.531.6196.4109.4332.9400.6504.4February1 618.828.120.331.7196.2109.5331.1398.6503.3January

2015

1 612.928.020.131.7195.8109.5329.2396.0502.7December1 608.028.019.931.6195.5109.7327.6393.4502.4November1 605.128.119.831.5195.1110.1326.7391.5502.3October1 604.328.319.831.4194.5110.6326.9390.6502.2September1 605.028.419.931.3193.7110.9328.2390.6502.1August1 606.228.520.031.2192.9110.8329.7391.0502.0July1 606.528.620.231.0192.4110.5330.8391.4501.6June

20141 588.528.119.130.1189.1108.6326.1387.6499.8June 20131 583.728.819.230.8191.3109.6323.8387.0493.3June 2012

TR E N D

1 636.9npnp31.3196.7105.2336.0402.8516.0June1 631.8npnp30.8197.4107.8337.4400.1509.3May1 629.7npnp31.4198.1109.0330.6403.8507.4April1 630.1npnp31.7195.9111.5332.9404.5504.2March1 625.7npnp31.8195.9109.4335.3400.7504.0February1 632.9npnp31.7196.5109.3338.6400.4507.8January

2015

1 597.4npnp31.4195.5107.0325.5393.3497.0December1 607.4npnp31.6196.2110.4322.0394.8504.3November1 606.5npnp31.6195.3110.8328.0389.4503.7October1 604.2npnp31.6193.6110.4326.9392.7500.7September1 603.5npnp30.9193.3111.4329.8387.0502.9August1 603.3npnp31.1194.0110.3328.4390.7500.4July1 617.8npnp31.2194.2111.5332.0394.9505.0June

20141 583.1npnp30.0189.0108.5320.4387.8499.8June 20131 571.0npnp30.3190.2107.4324.8385.2485.7June 2012

SE A S O N A L L Y AD J U S T E D

millionsmillionsmillionsmillionsmillionsmillionsmillionsmillionsmillions

Australia

Australian

Capital

Territory

Northern

TerritoryTasmania

Western

Australia

South

AustraliaQueenslandVictoria

New

South

Wales

HOURS WORKED

AGGREGATE MONTHLY HOURS WORKED, States & ter r i to r ies19


14.18.31 039.914.58.51 058.114.78.51 061.8May15.08.31 049.914.98.51 054.814.88.51 060.0February

2015

14.68.81 081.114.98.61 060.614.78.41 044.1November14.58.51 048.614.48.21 015.914.48.21 011.9August13.57.6938.713.87.8953.913.97.9969.8May14.37.5928.713.67.8949.313.67.7944.0February

2014

13.17.6924.113.57.6927.313.67.7938.9November2013

12.97.3893.913.27.5908.113.27.5908.0May 201312.47.3872.212.67.4884.712.67.3874.6May 201212.07.0825.912.27.1835.712.17.0825.0May 2011

PE R S O N S

16.410.5608.616.710.8617.717.010.8618.4May17.310.5607.217.110.8611.217.110.8615.0February

2015

16.911.2630.317.210.9614.417.010.7604.7November16.510.6602.916.610.4586.816.710.4587.0August15.89.7551.116.19.9559.816.110.0565.8May16.99.7545.415.89.9554.715.89.9553.9February

2014

15.19.9548.615.59.8546.615.79.9551.1November2013

14.99.3518.115.29.5527.315.29.6531.4May 201314.99.4520.715.29.6530.214.99.5518.2May 201214.28.8475.414.49.0483.714.49.1487.5May 2011

FE M A L E S

12.16.4431.312.56.5440.412.76.6443.4May13.06.5442.713.06.6443.612.96.6445.0February

2015

12.76.7450.813.06.7446.312.86.5439.4November12.76.7445.712.56.4429.112.56.4424.9August11.55.8387.611.86.0394.112.06.1404.0May12.25.7383.311.76.0394.511.75.9390.1February

2014

11.35.7375.511.75.8380.811.85.9387.7November2013

11.25.7375.811.55.8380.811.45.7376.6May 201310.35.4351.510.55.5354.510.65.5356.4May 201210.25.5350.510.35.5352.010.25.3337.4May 2011

MA L E S

%%'000%%'000%%'000

Labour

force under-

utilisation rate

Under-

employment

rate

Under-

employed

workers

Labour

force under-

utilisation rate

Under-

employment

rate

Under-

employed

workers

Labour

force under-

utilisation rate

Under-

employment

rate

Under-

employed

workers

ORIGINALSEASONALLY ADJUSTEDTREND

LABOUR UNDERUT IL ISAT ION (AGED 15 YEARS & OVER)— May 201520


14.18.31 039.914.58.51 058.114.78.51 061.8Australia

10.05.712.710.16.013.310.56.313.8Australian Capital Territory8.94.46.28.64.05.88.43.95.5Northern Territory

17.611.028.218.311.228.818.010.928.2Tasmania12.67.5110.812.77.6110.112.67.5109.5Western Australia17.39.885.817.49.684.116.69.279.6South Australia14.68.4212.015.08.7218.315.38.7218.1Queensland14.28.4264.514.58.7272.515.29.0282.7Victoria13.88.2319.714.28.4327.814.48.3325.3New South Wales

PE R S O N S

16.410.5608.616.710.8617.717.010.8618.4Australia



FE M A L E S

12.16.4431.312.56.5440.412.76.6443.4Australia



MA L E S

%%'000%%'000%%'000

Labour

force under-

utilisation rate

Under-

employment

rate

Under-

employed

workers

Labour

force under-

utilisation rate

Under-

employment

rate

Under-

employed

workers

Labour

force under-

utilisation rate

Under-

employment

rate

Under-

employed

workers

ORIGINALSEASONALLY ADJUSTEDTREND

LABOUR UNDERUT IL ISAT ION (AGED 15 YEARS & OVER) , States & ter r i to r ies —May 201521


EF F E C T OF NE W SE A S O N A L L Y AD J U S T E D ES T I M A T E S ON TR E N D ES T I M A T E S

6.06.16.0June6.06.16.0May6.16.16.1April6.16.16.1March

2015

(2) 5.9 i.e.

falls by 2.20%

(1) 6.2 i.e.

rises by 2.20%

WHAT IF NEXT MONTH'S SEASONALLYADJUSTED ESTIMATE IS:

Trend as

published

Dec2014

Feb2015

Apr Jun

%

5.6

5.8

6.0

6.2

6.4Published trend12

UN E M P L O Y M E N T RA T E

11 757.711 772.811 767.2June11 746.311 754.311 752.0May11 730.911 733.311 733.0April11 711.711 710.711 710.8March

2015

(2) 11 741.5 i.e.

falls by 0.23%

(1) 11 795.6 i.e.

rises by 0.23%

WHAT IF NEXT MONTH'S SEASONALLYADJUSTED ESTIMATE IS:

Trend as

published

Dec2014

Feb2015

Apr Jun

'000

11500

11575

11650

11725

11800Published trend12

EM P L O Y M E N T

Each time new seasonally adjusted estimates become available, trend estimates are

revised. This revision is a combined result of the concurrent seasonal adjustment process

and the application of surrogates of the Henderson average to the seasonally adjusted

series (see paragraphs 28 to 37 of the Explanatory Notes).

The examples in the tables below show two illustrative scenarios and the consequent

revisions to previous trend estimates of employment and the unemployment rate. The

revisions in the scenarios are due to the use of surrogates of the Henderson average, as

the impact of revision of seasonally adjusted estimates can not be estimated in advance.

(1) The July seasonally adjusted estimate is higher than the June estimate by:

0.23% for employment

2.20% for the unemployment rate

(2) The July seasonally adjusted estimate is lower than the June estimate by:

0.23% for employment

2.20% for the unemployment rate

The percentage changes of 0.23% and 2.20% represent the average absolute monthly

percentage changes in employment and the unemployment rate respectively. Estimates

in the graphs have been calculated using unrounded estimates, and may be different

from, but more accurate than, rounded estimates depicted in the corresponding table.

TR E N D RE V I S I O N S


W H A T I F . . . ? RE V I S I O N S TO TR E N D ES T I M A T E S

3 The Labour Force Survey is based on a multi-stage area sample of private dwellings

(currently approximately 26,000 houses, flats, etc.) and a list sample of non-private

dwellings (hotels, motels, etc.), and covers approximately 0.32% of the civilian

population of Australia aged 15 years and over.

4 Information is obtained from the occupants of selected dwellings by specially trained

interviewers using computer-assisted interviewing, or self-completion online.

5 Households selected for the Labour Force Survey are interviewed each month for

eight months, with one-eighth of the sample being replaced each month. The first

interview is generally conducted face-to-face. Subsequent interviews are conducted by

telephone (if acceptable to the respondent).

6 From December 2012 to April 2013, the ABS conducted a trial of online electronic

data collection. Respondents in one rotation group (i.e. one-eighth of the survey sample)

were offered the option of self completing their labour force survey questionnaire online

instead of via a face-to-face or telephone interview. From May 2013, the ABS expanded

the offer of online electronic collection to 50% of each new incoming rotation group. For

more information see the article in the April 2013 issue of this publication. From

September 2013, online electronic collection has been offered to 100% of private

dwellings in each incoming rotation group. From April 2014, 100% of private dwellings

are being offered online electronic collection.

7 The interviews are generally conducted during the two weeks beginning on the

Sunday between the 5th and 11th of each month. The information obtained relates to

the week before the interview (i.e. the reference week). Each year, to deal with

operational difficulties involved with collecting and processing the Labour Force Survey

around the Christmas and New Year holiday period, interviews for December start four

weeks after November interviews start (i.e. between the 3rd and 9th December), and

January interviews start five weeks after December interviews start. As a result, January

interviewing may commence as early as the 7th or as late as the 13th, depending on the

year. Occasionally, circumstances that present significant operational difficulties for

survey collection can result in a change to the normal pattern for the start of

interviewing.

8 Estimates from the Labour Force Survey are usually published first in this publication

32 days after the commencement of interviews for that month, with the exception of

estimates for each December which are usually published 39 days after the

commencement of interviews.

LA B O U R FO R C E SU R V E Y

2 The conceptual framework used in Australia’s Labour Force Survey aligns closely with

the standards and guidelines set out in Resolutions of International Conferences of

Labour Statisticians. Descriptions of the underlying concepts and structure of Australia's

labour force statistics, and the sources and methods used in compiling the estimates, are

presented in Labour Statistics: Concepts, Sources and Methods (cat. no. 6102.0.55.001)

which is available on the ABS website <http://www.abs.gov.au>.

CO N C E P T S , SO U R C E S AN D

ME T H O D S

1 This publication contains estimates of the civilian labour force derived from the

Labour Force Survey component of the Monthly Population Survey. The full time series

for estimates from this publication are also available electronically. More detailed

estimates are released one week after this publication in various electronic formats – see

Labour Force, Australia, Detailed – Electronic Delivery (cat. no. 6291.0.55.001) and

Labour Force, Australia, Detailed, Quarterly (cat. no. 6291.0.55.003).

I N T R O D U C T I O N


E X P L A N A T O R Y N O T E S

11 The Labour Force Survey estimates are calculated in such a way as to add to

independent estimates of the civilian population aged 15 years and over (population

benchmarks). These population benchmarks are based on the most recently released

estimates of Final, Revised and Preliminary quarterly Estimated Resident Population

(ERP). For information on the methodology used to produce the ERP see Australian

Demographic Statistics (cat. no. 3101.0). Since the most recently released ERP estimates

lag the current time period for Labour Force estimates by nine months, the Labour Force

population benchmarks are created by projecting forward three quarters past the most

recently released quarterly ERP estimates. The projection is based on the historical

pattern of each population component – births, deaths, interstate migration and net

overseas migration (NOM). Projected estimates of NOM are supplemented with other

data sources to better forecast population changes in the short-term. The main data

source is the forecasts published by the Department of Immigration & Border Protection

in the publication The Outlook for Net Overseas Migration.

12 Commencing in March 2010, the ERP series has been revised twice-yearly, in the

March and September quarter issues of Australian Demographic Statistics (cat. no.

3101.0). This biannual revision cycle incorporates more up to date information available

for NOM. This updated information is included in the population benchmarks used in

creating the Labour Force estimates when they are rebenchmarked.

13 Every five years, the ERP series are revised to incorporate additional information

available from the latest Census of Population and Housing (Census). Labour Force

Survey population benchmarks, and the estimates, are revised following this five-yearly

revision in the ERP. The process of incorporating the revised population benchmarks is

referred to as 'rebasing'. From the January 2014 issue of this publication, labour force

estimates have been compiled using population benchmarks based on the results of the

2011 Census. Revisions were made to historical Labour Force estimates from June 2006

to December 2013. In addition, estimates from July 1991 to May 2006 were revised to

reflect population benchmarks based on ERP revised following the 2011 Census. The

next rebasing based on the Census will be following the release of the 2016 Census-based

ERP estimates, which will incorporate revisions back five years. For more information on

revised ERP estimates, refer to the June 2012 issue of Australian Demographic Statistics (cat. no. 3101.0) released in December 2012.

14 In between Censuses, the ABS revises the Labour Force population benchmarks

using the latest ERP according to the paragraphs above. These were introduced in the

July 2010, November 2012 and April 2013 issues. The revisions planned for the October

2013, April 2014 and November 2014 issues were not implemented (see What's New in

the Labour Force in the September 2013 issue and Changes in this Issue in the October

2014 issue of this publication). From the February 2015 issue, rebenchmarking will be

undertaken quarterly in the February, May, August and November issues apart from May

2015. For more information, refer to the article Rebenchmarking of Labour Force Series

in the February 2015 issue of this publication.

PO P U L A T I O N BE N C H M A R K S

10 In the Labour Force Survey, coverage rules are applied which aim to ensure that

each person is associated with only one dwelling, and hence has only one chance of

selection. The coverage rules are necessarily a balance between theoretical and

operational considerations. Nevertheless, the chance of a person being enumerated at

two separate dwellings in the survey is considered to be negligible.

CO V E R A G E

9 The Labour Force Survey includes all persons aged 15 years and over except

members of the permanent defence forces, certain diplomatic personnel of overseas

governments customarily excluded from census and estimated population counts,

overseas residents in Australia, and members of non-Australian defence forces (and their

dependants) stationed in Australia.

SC O P E OF SU R V E Y


E X P L A N A T O R Y N O T E S continued

16 From April 1986, the definition of employed persons was changed to include

persons who worked without pay between 1 and 14 hours per week in a family business

or on a farm (i.e. contributing family workers). For further information, see

paragraphs 22 and 23 of the Explanatory Notes in the February 2003 issue of Labour

Force, Australia (cat. no. 6203.0).

17 The ABS introduced telephone interviewing into the Labour Force Survey in

August 1996. Implementation was phased in for each new sample group from

August 1996 to February 1997. During the period of implementation, the new method

produced different estimates than would have been obtained under the old

methodology. The effect dissipated over the final months of implementation and was no

longer discernible from February 1997. The estimates for February 1997 and onwards are

directly comparable to estimates for periods prior to August 1996. For further details, see

the feature article in the June 1997 issue of Labour Force, Australia (cat. no. 6203.0).

18 From April 2001 the Labour Force Survey was conducted using a redesigned

questionnaire containing additional data items and some minor definitional changes.

The definition of unemployed persons was changed to include all persons who were

waiting to start work and were available to start in the reference week. This change was

introduced in February 2004, when historical unit record data were revised from

April 2001 to January 2004. This revision created a small trend break at April 2001 in

unemployed persons and unemployment rate series. For further details, see

Information Paper: Forthcoming Changes to Labour Force Statistics, 2003 (cat. no.

6292.0), released in December 2003. From July 2014 the Labour Force Survey

questionnaire was further redesigned and definitional changes made to active job search

steps and duration of job search. For further details, see the Glossary and Information

Paper: Forthcoming Changes to Labour Force Statistics, June 2014 (cat. no. 6292.0),

released in October 2014.

19 Core labour force series were revised in April 2001 for the period

April 1986 to March 2001 for the remaining definitional changes introduced with the

redesigned questionnaire, to reduce the impact of the changes on labour force series.

For further details, see Information Paper: Implementing the Redesigned Labour Force

Survey Questionnaire (cat. no. 6295.0) and the 2004 issue of Information Paper:

Questionnaires Used in the Labour Force Survey (cat. no. 6232.0).

20 In May 2007, an improved method of estimation, known as composite estimation,

was introduced into the Labour Force Survey. In introducing this change, the ABS

revised unit record data from April 2001 to April 2007 based on the new estimation

method. No change was identified in the trend breaks in the unemployed persons and

unemployment rate series which arose with the introduction of a redesigned survey form

in April 2001 (as noted above in paragraph 18). In January 2014 composite estimation

was applied to all estimates from July 1991 as part of the 2011 Census rebenchmarking.

CO M P A R A B I L I T Y OF SE R I E S

15 The estimation method used in the Labour Force Survey is Composite Estimation,

which was introduced in May 2007. In January 2014 composite estimation was applied to

all estimates from July 1991 as part of the 2011 Census rebenchmarking. Composite

Estimation combines data collected in the previous six months with current month's data

to produce the current month's estimates, thereby exploiting the high correlation

between overlapping samples across months in the Labour Force Survey. The Composite

Estimator combines the previous and current months' data by applying different factors

according to length of time in the survey. After these factors are applied, the seven

months of data are weighted to align with current month population benchmarks. For

details see Information Paper: Forthcoming Changes to Labour Force Statistics, 2007

(cat. no. 6292.0).

ES T I M A T I O N ME T H O D



28 Any original time series can be thought of as a combination of three broad and

distinctly different types of behaviour, each representing the impact of certain types of

real world events on the information being collected: systematic calendar related events,

short-term irregular fluctuations and long-term cyclical behaviour. A multiplicative

decomposition model is applied in the seasonal adjustment of Labour Force Time Series,

where the original time series (O) is considered as the product of the underlying trend

SE A S O N A L AD J U S T M E N T AN D

TR E N D ES T I M A T I O N

25 Two types of error are possible in an estimate based on a sample survey: sampling

error and non-sampling error.

26 Sampling error occurs because a sample, rather than the entire population, is

surveyed. One measure of the likely difference resulting from not including all dwellings

in the survey is given by the standard error. There are about two chances in three that a

sample estimate will differ by less than one standard error from the figure that would

have been obtained if all dwellings had been included in the survey, and about nineteen

chances in twenty that the difference will be less than two standard errors. Standard

errors of key estimates for the latest month and of movements since the previous month

of these estimates are shown in the standard errors section of this publication. Standard

errors for other estimates and other movements may be calculated by using the

spreadsheet contained in Labour Force Survey Standard Errors, Data Cube

(cat. no. 6298.0.55.001) which is available free of charge on the ABS website

<http://www.abs.gov.au>.

27 Non-sampling error arises from inaccuracies in collecting, recording and processing

the data. Every effort is made to minimise reporting error by the careful design of

questionnaires, intensive training and supervision of interviewers, and efficient data

processing procedures. Non-sampling error also arises because information cannot be

obtained from all persons selected in the survey. The Labour Force Survey receives a

high level of co-operation from individuals in selected dwellings, with the average

response rate over the last year being 94%. See Glossary for definition of response rate.

RE L I A B I L I T Y OF ES T I M A T E S

22 The current Labour Force Survey sample has been selected using information

collected in the 2011 Census of Population and Housing.

23 The sample was introduced over four months – May 2013 to August 2013. Two

rotation groups (i.e. one-quarter of the survey sample) were introduced each month.

During the sample phase-in, the increased sample rotation had an impact on the quality

of estimates. Movement standard errors increased by approximately 10%, representing,

for example, an increase on the standard error on the Australian monthly change in

employment for May 2013 from 27,000 to approximately 29,700.

24 Due to the use of composite estimation, there was a marginal impact on the quality

of level estimates. Gross Flows analysis were impacted by the sample phase-in with

between 60% to 70% of the sample available for matching between the current and

previous months instead of the usual 80%. After full transition to the new sample, the

quality of level and movement estimates is at the level designed for under the 2011

sample design and are of similar quality as the 2006 sample design. For further details,

see Information Paper: Labour Force Survey Sample Design (cat. no. 6269.0) released

on 30 May 2013.

LA B O U R FO R C E SU R V E Y

SA M P L E

For further details, see Information Paper: Forthcoming Changes to Labour Force

Statistics, 2007 (cat. no. 6292.0).

21 As one of a range of ABS savings initiatives for the 2008–09 financial year, there was

a 24% reduction in the LFS sample size for the period July 2008 to August 2009, relative

to the June 2008 sample size. The sample reduction was reversed from September 2009

to December 2009, with December 2009 estimates being the first produced under the

fully reinstated sample.

CO M P A R A B I L I T Y OF SE R I E S

continued



(T), a systematic calendar related or seasonal component (S) and an irregular

component (I). This can be expressed as O = T*S*I. The contributions of each of these

behaviours varies from series to series, as well as throughout time for a given series,

depending on the nature of the interactions of real world events and the data of interest.

29 Seasonal adjustment is a statistical technique that attempts to measure and remove

the effects of systematic calendar related patterns including seasonal variation to reveal

how a series changes from period to period. Seasonal adjustment does not aim to

remove the irregular or non-seasonal influences which may be present in any particular

month. This means that month-to-month movements of the seasonally adjusted

estimates may not be reliable indicators of trend behaviour.

30 The Labour Force Survey uses the concurrent seasonal adjustment method to

derive seasonal factors. Concurrent seasonal adjustment uses data up to the current

month to estimate seasonal factors for the current and all previous months. This process

can result in revisions each month to estimates for earlier periods. However, in most

instances, the only noticeable revisions will be to the seasonally adjusted estimates for

the previous month and one year prior to the current month. From the March 2015 issue

of this publication, the effects of supplementary surveys are removed prior to the

estimation of seasonal factors for key Labour Force series from February 1978 onwards.

While this methodology has addressed short term volatility in the seasonally adjusted

series arising from changes to the timing and content of the supplementary survey

program, in general prior corrections and resulting changed seasonal patterns can be

identified and measured to a more reliable degree of certainty after three successive

observations (in this case after three years). For further details refer to the October and

December 2014 issues of this publication.

31 The revision properties of the seasonally adjusted and trend estimates can be

improved by the use of Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) modelling.

ARIMA modelling relies on the characteristics of the series being analysed to project

future period data. The projected values are temporary, intermediate values, that are

only used internally to improve the estimation of the seasonal factors. The projected data

do not affect the original estimates and are discarded at the end of the seasonal

adjustment process. The Labour Force Survey uses an ARIMA model for the majority of

the individual time series. The ARIMA model is assessed as part of the annual reanalysis.

For further details, see the feature article in the October 2004 issue of Australian

Economic Indicators (cat. no. 1350.0).

32 Seasonal adjustment is able to remove the effect of events which occur at the same

time in the survey every year. However, there are some events, like holidays, which are

not always at the same time in the survey cycle or which are not at the same time across

Australia. The effects of these types of events on Labour Force Survey estimates cannot in

all cases be removed, because the pattern of their effects cannot be determined.

However, two events for which adjustment is made in the seasonally adjusted series are

the January interview start date and the timing of Easter. For further details, see

Information Paper: Forthcoming Changes to Labour Force Statistics (cat. no. 6292.0)

released in December 2003.

33 While seasonal factors for the complete time series are estimated each month, they

will continue to be reviewed annually at a more detailed level to take into account each

additional year's original data. This annual review will not normally result in significant

changes to published estimates. The review is usually conducted early each year with the

results released in this publication shortly thereafter.


TR E N D ES T I M A T I O N continued



42 Estimates have been rounded and discrepancies may occur between sums of the

component items and totals. Estimates of movement shown in this publication are

obtained by taking the difference of unrounded estimates. The movement estimate is

then rounded. Where a discrepancy occurs between the reported movement and the

difference of the rounded estimates, the reported movement will be more accurate.

EF F E C T S OF RO U N D I N G

41 As well as the statistics included in this and related publications, the ABS may have

other relevant data available. Inquiries should be made to the Labour Force contact

officer on (02) 6252 6525, email [email protected] or to any ABS office.

DA T A AV A I L A B L E ON

RE Q U E S T

38 Users may also wish to refer to the following publications:

Labour Force Survey Standard Products and Data Item Guide (cat.no. 6103.0).

This publication is a reference guide for users of Labour Force Survey data standard

products.

Australian Labour Market Statistics (cat. no. 6105.0). This publication presents key

indicators of the labour market, articles on a range of labour market issues, and

information about the latest developments in the labour statistics program. For

further information about this publication, please contact Labour Market Statistics

on (02) 6252 7206.

39 ABS information about the labour market can be found on the Topics @ a Glance

page on the ABS website <http://www.abs.gov.au>.

40 Information about current publications and other products released by the ABS is

available from the statistics page on the ABS website. The ABS also issues a daily release

advice on the website, Upcoming Product Releases, which details products to be

released in the week ahead.

RE L A T E D PU B L I C A T I O N S

34 The smoothing of seasonally adjusted series to produce 'trend' series reduces the

impact of the irregular component of the seasonally adjusted series. These trend

estimates are derived by applying a 13-term Henderson-weighted moving average to all

months except the last six. The last six monthly trend estimates are obtained by applying

surrogates of the Henderson average to the seasonally adjusted series. Trend estimates

are used to analyse the underlying behaviour of a series over time.

35 While this smoothing technique enables estimates to be produced for the latest

month, it does result in revisions in addition to those caused by the revision of

seasonally adjusted estimates. Generally, revisions due to the use of surrogates of the

Henderson average become smaller, and after three months have a negligible impact on

the series.

36 Trend estimates are published for the Northern Territory in table 10 and for the

Australian Capital Territory in table 11. Unadjusted series for the two Territories have

shown, historically, a high degree of variability, which can lead to considerable revisions

to the seasonally adjusted estimates each month when seasonal factors are estimated.

For this reason, seasonally adjusted estimates are not currently published for the two

Territories. In addition, caution should be exercised in the interpretation of trend

estimates for the two Territories, particularly for the three most recent months, where

revisions may be relatively large.

37 For further information, see A Guide to Interpreting Time Series – Monitoring

Trends (cat. no. 1349.0) or contact the Assistant Director, Time Series Analysis on

(02) 6252 6345 or email [email protected].


TR E N D ES T I M A T I O N continued



unemployment rateUnemp. rate Technical and Further EducationTAFE

seasonally adjustedSeas adj. percentage pointspts

part timep/t participation ratePart. rate

not in the Labour ForceNILF Labour Force SurveyLFS

full timef/t estimated resident populationERP

civilian populationCiv. pop. catalogue numbercat. no.

computer assisted interviewingCAI Australian Bureau of StatisticsABS

percentage% thousands'000

DefinitionSymbol

43 SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONSSY M B O L S AN D

AB B R E V I A T I O N S



0.40.40.61.41.61.30.81.21.10.70.6ptsUnemployment to population ratio –

looking for f/t work

0.81.11.13.52.02.82.02.11.71.21.6ptsParticipation rate

1.01.31.54.32.93.32.23.12.52.31.9ptsTotal1.11.31.74.01.53.42.53.02.22.22.1ptsLooking for p/t work2.33.82.814.15.57.24.37.05.86.43.4ptsLooking for f/t work

Unemployment rate15.09.910.71.40.71.14.42.97.95.99.4'000Not in labour force11.38.28.10.80.30.93.32.25.44.37.3'000Labour force

8.15.36.10.50.30.61.91.84.64.24.6'000Total6.04.34.20.40.10.51.51.22.83.23.6'000Looking for p/t work5.43.14.40.30.30.41.21.33.52.42.8'000Looking for f/t work

Unemployed

10.27.67.30.70.30.83.01.94.83.86.6'000Total8.97.06.10.70.20.72.51.74.13.55.5'000Part time5.63.84.80.40.20.51.81.12.51.84.1'000Full time

EmployedAged 15–19 years




18.912.613.71.11.01.45.74.09.19.411.0'000Total9.67.46.00.50.20.82.72.04.75.45.4'000Looking for p/t work

16.010.112.20.90.91.15.03.68.17.69.5'000Looking for f/t workUnemployed


EmployedAged 15 years and over

PersonsFemalesMales

AUSTRALIA

ACTNTTas.WASAQldVic.NSW

To illustrate, let us say the published level estimate for employed persons aged

15–19 years is 700,000 and the associated standard error is 9,000. The standard error is

then used to interpret the level estimate of 700,000. For instance, the standard error of

9,000 indicates that:

There are approximately two chances in three that the real value falls within the

range 691,000 to 709,000 (700,000 + or – 9,000)

There are approximately nineteen chances in twenty that the real value falls within

the range 682,000 to 718,000 (700,000 + or – 18,000).

The real value in this case is the result we would obtain if we could enumerate the total

population.

The following table shows the standard errors for this month's level estimates.

LEVEL ESTIMATES

The estimates in this publication are based on information gained from the occupants of

a sample survey of dwellings. Because the entire population is not surveyed, the

published original, seasonally adjusted and trend estimates are subject to sampling error.

The most common way of quantifying such sampling error is to calculate the standard

error for the published estimate or statistic. For more information, see paragraphs 25 to

27 of the Explanatory Notes.

ST A N D A R D ER R O R S


S T A N D A R D E R R O R S

— nil or rounded to zero (including null cells)

0.40.50.61.52.21.30.91.21.00.70.6ptsUnemployment to population ratio –

looking for f/t work




8.25.66.10.70.40.72.31.94.14.24.7'000Total6.34.54.40.6—0.51.81.42.53.43.9'000Looking for p/t work5.43.44.40.30.40.41.51.33.12.52.9'000Looking for f/t work

Unemployed


EmployedAged 15–19 years




18.812.613.61.30.91.45.94.39.09.411.3'000Total10.27.96.30.90.20.82.92.24.15.56.5'000Looking for p/t work15.910.012.11.10.91.25.13.77.87.59.7'000Looking for f/t work

Unemployed


EmployedAged 15 years and over

PersonsFemalesMales

AUSTRALIA

ACTNTTas.WASAQldVic.NSW

The following example illustrates how to use the standard error to interpret a movement

estimate. Let us say that one month the published level estimate for females employed

part-time in Australia is 1,890,000; the next month the published level estimate is

1,900,000 and the associated standard error for the movement estimate is 11,900. The

standard error is then used to interpret the published movement estimate of 10,000. For

instance, the standard error of 11,900 indicates that:

There are approximately two chances in three that the real movement between the

two months falls within the range – 1,900 to 21,900 (10,000 + or – 11,900)

There are approximately nineteen chances in twenty that the real movement falls

within the range – 13,800 to 33,800 (10,000 + or – 23,800).

The following table shows the standard errors for this month's movement estimates.

MOVEMENT ESTIMATES


S T A N D A R D E R R O R S continued

The estimation methodology used in the Labour Force Survey. Composite Estimationuses sample responses from nearby months as well as from the reference month toderive estimates for the reference month. This approach achieves gains in efficiency byexploiting the high similarity between the responses provided by the same respondent in

Composite Estimation

All usual residents of Australia aged 15 years and over except members of the permanentdefence forces, certain diplomatic personnel of overseas governments customarilyexcluded from census and estimated population counts, overseas residents in Australia,and members of non-Australian defence forces (and their dependants) stationed inAustralia.

Civilian population aged 15years and over

Persons aged 15-24 years enrolled full time at a TAFE college, university, or othereducational institution in the reference week, except those persons aged 15-19 yearswho were still attending school.

Attending tertiary educationalinstitution full time

Persons aged 15-19 years enrolled at secondary or high school in the reference week.Attending school

Persons aged 15-24 years enrolled at secondary or high school or enrolled as a full timestudent at a Technical and Further Education (TAFE) college, university, or othereducational institution in the reference week.

Attending full time education

Aggregate monthly hours worked measures the total number of actual hours worked byemployed persons in a calendar month. It differs from the actual hours worked estimates(and the usual hours worked estimates) since these refer only to the hours worked inthe reference week.

The methodology used to produce aggregate monthly hours worked means that theseare synthetic estimates. Seasonally adjusted and trend estimates of aggregate monthlyhours worked are available for the period July 1978 onwards.

Further information on the methodology used to produce the aggregate monthly hoursworked estimates is available on the ABS website in Information Paper: Expansion ofHours Worked Estimates from the Labour Force Survey (cat. no. 6290.0.55.001).

Actual and usual hours worked cannot be aggregated across time to produce eitherquarterly or annual estimates as they relate to only a single week in the month. Incontrast, aggregate monthly hours worked estimates are a true monthly measure, andmay be aggregated across time to produce both quarterly and annual estimates.

Aggregate monthly hoursworked

Actual hours of work refers to a specified reference period and includes:hours actually worked during normal periods of work;time spent in addition to hours worked during normal periods of work (includingovertime);time spent at the place of work on activities such as the preparation of the workplace,repairs and maintenance, preparation and cleaning of tools, and the preparation ofreceipts, time sheets and reports;time spent at the place of work waiting or standing by; andtime corresponding to short rest periods.

Excluded are:hours paid for but not worked, such as paid annual leave, public holidays or paid sickleave;meal breaks; andtime spent on travel to and from work (excluding some self-employed).

For multiple job holders actual hours worked should equal the hours worked at all jobs.

Actual hours of work

Includes written, telephoned or applied to an employer for work; had an interview withan employer for work; answered an advertisement for a job; checked or registered with aJob Services Australia provider or any other employment agency; taken steps to purchaseor start your own business; advertised or tendered for work; and contacted friends orrelatives in order to obtain work.

Actively looking for work


G L O S S A R Y

For any group, persons who were employed or unemployed, as defined.Labour force

The matching of respondents who report in consecutive months enables analysis of thetransition of individuals between the different labour force status classifications, referredto as the matched sample. The transition counts between the different labour forcestatus classifications from one point in time to the next are commonly referred to asgross flows.

The figures presented in gross flows are presented in original terms only and do notalign with published labour force estimates. The gross flows figures are derived from thematched sample between consecutive months, which after taking account of the samplerotation and varying non-response in each month is approximately 80 percent of thesample.

Caution should be exercised when analysing these gross flows data due to:the figures presented sum to approximately 80 percent of the population values as thegross flows data are based on the matched sample only;there is no adjustment applied to account for changes due to seasonal patterns(referred to commonly as seasonal adjustment); andthe estimates of relative sizes of each transition class are subject to bias due to thematched sample being a non-representative sample.

Gross flows

Employed persons who usually worked 35 hours or more a week (in all jobs) and thosewho, although usually working fewer than 35 hours a week, worked 35 hours or moreduring the reference week.

Full time workers

Flow estimates are a measure of activity over a given period. For example, aggregatemonthly hours worked is a measure of the total number of hours worked in a calendarmonth.

Flow estimates

Estimated resident population (ERP), is Australia's official measure of the population ofAustralia and is based on the concept of usual residence. It refers to all people,regardless of nationality, citizenship or legal status, who usually live in Australia, with theexception of foreign diplomatic personnel and their families. It includes usual residentswho are overseas for fewer than 12 months. It excludes overseas visitors who are inAustralia for fewer than 12 months. Refer to Australian Demographic Statistics (cat. no.3101.0).

Estimated resident population(ERP)

For any group, the number of employed persons expressed as a percentage of thecivilian population in the same group.

Employment to populationratio

All persons aged 15 years and over who, during the reference week:worked for one hour or more for pay, profit, commission or payment in kind in a jobor business, or on a farm (comprising employees, employers and own accountworkers); orworked for one hour or more without pay in a family business or on a farm (i.e.contributing family workers); orwere employees who had a job but were not at work and were:

away from work for fewer than four weeks up to the end of the reference week; or

away from work for more than four weeks up to the end of the reference week and

received pay for some or all of the four week period to the end of the reference

week; or

away from work as a standard work or shift arrangement; or

on strike or locked out; or

on workers' compensation and expected to return to their job; or

were employers or own account workers, who had a job, business or farm, but werenot at work.

Employed

previous months. For details see Information Paper: Forthcoming Changes to LabourForce Statistics, 2007 (cat. no. 6292.0).

Composite Estimationcontinued


G L O S S A R Y continued

Employed persons aged 15 years and over who want, and are available for, more hours ofwork than they currently have. They comprise:

persons employed part time who want to work more hours and are available to startwork with more hours, either in the reference week or in the four weeks subsequentto the survey; orpersons employed full time who worked part time hours in the reference week foreconomic reasons (such as being stood down or insufficient work being available). Itis assumed that these people wanted to work full time in the reference week andwould have been available to do so.

Underemployed workers

The number of underemployed workers expressed as a percentage of the labour force.Underemployment rate

A smoothed seasonally adjusted series of estimates. See Explanatory Notes paragraphs 34to 37 for more detail.

Trend series

Stock estimates are a measure of certain attributes at a point in time and can be thoughtof as stocktakes. For example, the total number of employed persons is an account ofthe number of people who were considered employed in the Labour Force Surveyreference week.

Stock estimates

A time series of estimates with the estimated effects of normal seasonal variationremoved. See Explanatory Notes paragraphs 28 to 33 for more detail.

Seasonally adjusted series

The number of fully responding dwellings expressed as a percentage of the total numberof dwellings excluding sample loss. Examples of sample loss include: dwellings where allpersons are out of scope and/or coverage; vacant dwellings; dwellings underconstruction; dwellings converted to non-dwellings; derelict dwellings; and demolisheddwellings.

Response rate

Employed persons who usually worked fewer than 35 hours a week (in all jobs) andeither did so during the reference week or were not at work during the reference week.

Part time workers

For any group, the labour force expressed as a percentage of the civilian population aged15 years and over in the same group.

Participation rate

Persons who were not in the categories employed or unemployed, as defined.Not in labour force

The non-market sector is an industry grouping comprising the following industries:Education and training; Public administration & safety; and Health care and socialassistance. Refer to Australian System of National Accounts: Concepts, Sources andMethods, 2014 (cat. no. 5216.0).

Non-market Sector

The market sector is an industry grouping comprising the following industries:Agriculture, forestry and fishing; Mining; Manufacturing; Electricity, gas, water and wasteservices; Construction; Wholesale trade; Retail trade; Accommodation and food services;Transport, postal and warehousing; Information media and telecommunications; Financeand insurance services; Rental, hiring and real estate services; Professional, scientific andtechnical services; Administrative and support services; Arts and recreation services; andOther services. Refer to Australian System of National Accounts: Concepts, Sources andMethods, 2014 (cat. no. 5216.0).

Market sector

The number of long-term unemployed persons, expressed as a percentage of the totalunemployed population.

Long-term unemploymentratio

The number of persons unemployed for 52 weeks or over.Long-term unemployed

The sum of the number of persons unemployed and the number of persons inunderemployment, expressed as a proportion of the labour force.

Labour force underutilisationrate

A classification of the civilian population aged 15 years and over into employed,unemployed or not in the labour force, as defined. The definitions conform closely tothe international standard definitions adopted by the International Conferences ofLabour Statisticians.

Labour force status



Usual hours of work refers to a typical period rather than to a specified reference period.The concept of usual hours applies both to persons at work and to persons temporarilyabsent from work, and is defined as the hours worked during a typical week or day.Actual hours worked (for a specific reference period) may differ from usual hoursworked due to illness, vacation, strike, overtime work, a change of job, or similarreasons.

Usual hours of work

For any group, the number of unemployed persons expressed as a percentage of thecivilian population in the same group.

Unemployment to populationratio

For any group, the number of unemployed persons expressed as a percentage of thelabour force in the same group.

Unemployment rate

Unemployed persons who:actively looked for part time work only; orwere waiting to start a new part time job.

Unemployed looking for parttime work

Unemployed persons who:actively looked for full time work; orwere waiting to start a new full time job.

Unemployed looking for fulltime work

Persons aged 15 years and over who were not employed during the reference week, and:had actively looked for full time or part time work at any time in the four weeks up tothe end of the reference week and were available for work in the reference week; orwere waiting to start a new job within four weeks from the end of the reference weekand could have started in the reference week if the job had been available then.

Unemployed



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© Commonwealth of Australia 2015Produced by the Australian Bureau of Statistics

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