6. references take car final - deletionsshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/.../14/14_referances.pdf ·...
TRANSCRIPT
171
� References
172
References
Abrha, B. and Gashe, B. A. (1992) Cellulase production and activity in a species of
Cladosporium. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 8, 164–166.
Adinarayana, K. and Ellaiah, P. (2002) Response surface optimization of the critical
medium components for production of alkaline protease by a newly isolated
Bacillus sp. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 5, 272-227.
Aguiar, C. (2001) Biodegradation of the cellulose from sugarcane bagasse by fungal
cellulase. Ciencia e Tecnologia de Alimentos 2, 117-121.
Ait, N, Creuzet, N. and Cattaneo, J. (1982) Properties of β-Glucosidase purified from
Clostridium thermocellum. Journal General Microbiology 128, 569-577.
Aleksenko, A., Nielsen, M. L. and Clutterbuck, A. J. (2001) Genetic and physical mapping
of two centromere-proximal regions of chromosome IV in Aspergillus
nidulans. Fungal Genetics and Biology. 32, 45–54.
Angenent, L. T., Karim, K., Al-Dahhan, M.H., Wrenn B.A. and Domiguez-Espinosa, R.
(2004) Production of bioenergy and biochemicals from industrial and
agricultural wastewater. Trends in Biotechnology 22, 477–85.
Asan A (2004). Aspergillus, Penicillium and related species reported from Turkey.
Mycotaxon. 89, 155-157.
Awe, A.S.F. and Akinyanju, J.A. (1992). Amylase synthesis in Aspergillus flavus and
Aspergillus niger grown on cassava peel. Journal of Industrial Microbiology
and Biotechnology. 10, 55-59.
Babu, K.R. and Satyanarayana, T. (1995) α-Amylase production by thermophilic Bacillus
coagulans in solid state fermentation. Process Biochemistry 30, 305–309.
173
Badal, C.S. (2004). Production, purification and properties of endoglucanase from a newly
isolated strain of Mucor circinelloides. Process Biochemistry. 39, 1871–1876.
Badhan, A.K., Chadha, B.S., Kaur, J., Saini, H.S. and Bhat, M.K. (2007) Production of
multiple xylanolytic and cellulolytic enzymes by thermophilic fungus
Myceliophthora sp. IMI 387099. Bioresource Technology 98, 504-510.
Bagga, P.S., Sandhu, D.K. and Sharma, S. (1990) Purification and characterization of
cellulolytic enzymes produced by Aspergillus nidulans. Journal of Applied
Bacteriology 68, 61-68.
Bailey, M. J. and Tahtiharju, J. (2003) Efficient cellulase production by Trichoderma
reesei in continuous cultivation on lactose medium with a computer controlled
feeding strategy. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 62, 156-62.
Bakri, Y.P., Jacques, P. and Thonart. (2003) Xylanase production by Penicillium
canescens 10-10C in solid state fermentation. Applied Biochemistry and
Biotechnology 108, 737-748.
Banga, J. and Tripathi, C.K.M. (2009) Purification and characterization of a novel heparin
degrading enzyme from Aspergillus flavus (MTCC-8654). Applied
Biochemistry and Biotechnology 160, 1004-1016.
Bastawde, K.B. (1992). Cellulolytic enzymes of a thermotolerant Aspergillus terreus strain
and their action on cellulosic substrates. World Journal of Microbiology and
Biotechnology 8, 45-49.
Bathia, Y., Mishra, S. and Bisaria, V.S. (2002) Microbial b-glucosidases: Cloning,
properties, and applications. Critical Reviews in Biotechnology 22, 375– 407.
174
Battaglino, R.A., Huergo, M., Pilosof, A.M.R. and Bartholomai, G.B. (1991) Culture
requirements for the production of protease by Aspergillus oryzae in solid state
fermentation. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 35, 292–296.
Bergquist, P., Gibbs, M., Morris, D., Te’o, V., Jsaul, D. and Morgan, H. (1999) Molecular
diversity of thermophilic cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic bacteria. FEMS
Microbiol Ecology 28, 99–110.
Berka, R., Coleman, N. and Ward, M. 1992. In: Industrial enzymes from Aspergillus
species. (Bennet, J. and Klich, M.A., Eds.), Butterworth-Heinemann, pp. 155-
202.
Berkel, V. R. (2000) Cleaner production for process industries. Plenary Lecture. Perth
WA7 Chemeca.
Berner, R.A. (2003) The long-term carbon cycle, fossil fuels and atmospheric omposition.
Nature 426, 323-326.
Bertoldo C and Antranikian G (2002) Starch-hydrolyzing enzymes from thermophilic
archaea and bacteria. Current Opinions in Chemical Biology 6, 151–160
Bhat, M. and Bhat, S. (1997) Cellulose degrading enzymes and their potential industrial
applications. Biotechnology Advances 15, 583- 620.
Bhatia, Y., S. Mishra, and V. S. Bisaria (2002) Microbial β-glucosidases: cloning,
properties, and applications. Critical Reviews in Biotechnology 22, 375–407.
Bhikhabhai, R., Johansson, G. and Petterson, G. (1984) Isolation of cellulolytic enzymes
from Trichoderma reesei QM 9414. Journal of Appllied Biochemistry 6, 336–
345.
175
Bisaria, V.S. and S. Mishra (1989) Regulatory aspects of cellulase biosynthesis and
secretion. Critical Reviews in Biotechnology 9, 61–103.
Bisset, E. and Sternberg, D. (1978). Immobilization of Aspergillus β-glucosidase on
chitosan. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 35, 750-755.
Blanch, H. W. and Clark, D. S. (1997) Biochemical Engineering. 1st ed. New York,
Marcel Dekker, ISBN0-82-47 0099-6.
Blank, A., R. H. Sugiyama, and C. A. Dekker. (1982) Activity staining of nucleolytic
enzymes after sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis: use
of aqueous isopropanol to remove detergent from gels. Annals in Biochemistry
120, 267-275.
Bogar, B., Szakacs, G. and Linden, J.C. (2003) Optimization of phytase production by
solid substrate fermentation. Journal of Industial Microbiology and
Biotechnology 30, 183–189.
Bogar, B., Szakacs, G. and Tengerdy R.P. (2002) Production of α-amylase with
Aspergillus oryzae on spent brewing grain by solid substrate fermentation.
Appllied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 10, 453–462.
Bon, E., Freire, D., Mendes, M.F. and Soares, V.F. (1986) Immobilization of A. niger / β-
D-glucosidase on aminated chitin and alumina/alginate. Biomass 11, 291-299.
Botella, C., de Ory, I., Webb, C., Cantero, D. and Blandino, A. (2005) Hydrolytic enzymes
production by Aspergillus awamori on grape pomace. Biochemistry and
Engineering Journal 26, 100-106.
Bothast, R. J. and Saha, B.C. (1997) Ethanol production from agricultural biomass
substrates. Advances in Applied Microbiology 44, 261-286.
176
Botz, W. D. (2000) Experimental design for fermentation media development: statistical
design or global random search? Journal of Bioscience Bioengeenering 90,
473–483.
Bradley, A.S., Mikhail, K., Seetharam, G., Marandi, B. and Zuo, Y. (2004).
Characterization and Performance of Immobilized Amylase and Cellulase.
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 113–116.
Brezillon, C., Kroon, P., Faulds, C., Brett, G. and Williamson, G. (1996) Novel ferulic
acid esterases are induced by growth of Aspergillus niger on sugar beet pulp.
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 45, 371-376.
Bronnenmeier K. and Staudenbauer, W. (1990) Cellulose hydrolysis by a highly
thermostable endo-1,4-glucanase (Avicelase I) from Clostridium stercorarium.
Enzyme Microbial Technology 12, 431–436.
Bronnenmeier, K., Rücknagel, K. and Staudenbauer, W. (1991) Purification and properties
of a novel type exo-1,4-β-glucanase (Avicelase II) from the cellulolytic
thermophile Clostridium stercorarium. Europian Journal of Biochemistry 200,
379–385.
Brown, A. (2004) Benson's Microbiological Applications: Laboratory Manual in General
Microbiology, McGraw-Hill Science publisher.
Brown, R.C. (2003) Biorenewable Resources: Engineering New Products from
Agriculture, Iowa State Press, Ames, Iowa, Ch. 3.
Bruton, C.J. (1983). Large scale purification of enzymes. Philogy Trans. Royal Soc.
London, B300, 249-261.
177
Camassola, M. and Dillon. A.J.P. (2007). Production of cellulases and hemicellulases by
Penicillium echinulatum grown on pretreated sugar cane bagasse and wheat
bran in solid-state fermentation. Journal of Applied Microbiology 103, 2196–
2204.
Carmen, S. (2009) Lignocellulosic residues: Biodegradation and bioconversion by fungi.
Biotechnology Advances 27, 185–194.
Carrizales, V. and Jaffe, W. (1986) Solid state fermentation, an appropriate biotechnology
for developing countries. Interciencia 11, 9–15.
Castanon M. and Wilke C.R. 1981. Effects of the surfactant Tween 80 on enzymatic
hydrolysis of newspaper. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23, 1367–1371.
Cen, P. L. and Xia, L. M. (1999) Production of cellulase by solid-state fermentation,
Advances in Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology 65, 68–92.
Chahal, D.S. (1985) Solid-state fermentation with Trichoderma reesei for cellulase
production. Applied Environmental Microbiology 49, 205–210.
Chanct,Y., Rhee,Y.H. and Hong, S.W. (1982) Purification and properties of β-
glucosidases from Aspergillus nidulans FGSC 159. Korean Biochemical
Journal 15, 81-94.
Chandrika, L. P. and Fereidoon, S. (2005) Optimization of extraction of phenolic
compounds from wheat using response surface methodology, Food Chemistry
93, 47–56.
Chang, X., Minnan, L., Xiaobing, W., Huijuan, X., Zhongan, C., Fengzhang, Z., Liangshu,
X. (2006). Screening and characterization of the high cellulase producing strain
Aspergillus glaucus XC9. Frontoirs in Biology 1, 35-40.
178
Chen, F., Cai, T.Y., Zhao, G.H., Liao, X.J., Guo, L. and Hu, X.S. (2005) Optimizing
conditions for the purification of crude octacosanol extract from rice bran wax
by molecular distillation analyzed using response surface methodology.
Journal of Food and Engineering 70, 47–53.
Chinn, M.S., Nokes, S.E. and Strobel, H.J. (2006) Screening of thermophilic anaerobic
bacteria for solid substrate cultivation on lignocellulosic substrates.
Biotechnology Progress 22, 53-59.
Cho, Y.K. and Bailey, J.E. (1978) "Immobilization of Enzymes on Activated Carbon",
Biotechnology and Bioengneering 20, 1651-1665.
Christensen M, Frisvad JC & Tuthill DE (2000). Penicillium species diversity in soil and
taxonomic and ecological notes. In: Samson RA, Pitt JI (Eds) Integration of
Modern Taxonomic Methods for Penicillium and Aspergillus Classification, pp.
309-320. Singapore: Harwood Academic Publishers.
Considine, P.J., O’Rorke, A., Hackett, T.J. and Coughlan, M.P. (1988) Hydrolysis of beet
pulp polysaccharides by extracts of solid state cultures of Penicillium
capsulatum. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 31, 433-438.
Cordova, J., Nemmaoui, M., Ismayli-Alaoui, M., Morin, A., Roussos, S., Raimbault, M.
and Benjilali, B. (1998) Lipase production by solid state fermentation of olive
cake and sugarcane bagasse. Journal of Molecular Catalysis 5, 75–78.
Correa, M.G. and Tengerdy. R.P. (1997). Production of cellulase on sugarcane bagasse by
fungal mixed culture solid substrate fermentation. Biotechnology Letters, 19,
665–667.
179
Correa, M.G., Portal, L., Moreno, P. and Tengerdy. R.P. (1999). Mixed culture solid
substrate fermentation of Trichoderma reesei with Aspergillus niger on
sugarcane bagasse. Bioresource Technology 68, 173-178.
Coughlanm, P. (1985) The properties of fungal and bacterial cellulases with comment on
their production and application. Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering
Reviews 3, 39-109.
Coutts, A.D. and Smith, R.E. (1976) Factors influencing the production of cellulases by
Sporotrichum thermophile. Applied Environmental Microbiology 31, 819-825.
D’souza, J. and Volfava, O. (1982) The effect of pH on the production of cellulases in
Aspergillus terreus. Europian Journal of Applied Microbiology 16, 123-125.
Dale, Β. Ε. and White, D. H. (1979) Biotechnology and Bioengeenering 21, 1639.
Damude, H.G., Gilkes, N.R., Kilburn, D.G., Miller, R.C. Jr. and Warren, R.A.J. (1993)
Endoglucanase CasA from alkalophilic Streptomyces KSM-9 is a typical
member of family B of β-1,4-glucanases. Gene, 123, 105-107
Dannert, C.S and Arnold, F.H. (1999) Directed evolution of industrial enzymes. Trends in
Biotechnology 17, 135–136.
daSilva. R, Ellen S. Lago., Carolina W. Merheb., Mariana M. Macchione., Yong Kun
Park. and Eleni Gomes. (2005) Production of xylanase and CMCase on solid
state fermentation in different residues by Thermoascus aurantiacus MIEHE.
Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 36, 235-241.
Demain, A. L., Newcomb, M. and Jhd, W. (2005) Cellulase, clostridia, and ethanology
Microbiology and Moleculor Biology Reviews 69, 124–54.
180
deMiguel, B.T., Barros-Velazquez, J. and Villa, G.T. (2006) Industrial applications of
hyperthermophilic enzymes: a review. Protein and Peptide Letters .13, 645–
651.
Deschamps, F., Giuliano, C., Asther, M., Huet, M.C. and Roussos, S. (1985) Cellulase
production by Trichoderma harzianum in static and mixed solid-state
fermentation reactors under nonaseptic conditions. Biotechnology and
Bioengeenering 27, 1385–1388.
deVries, R.P., Flitter, S.J., Van deVondervoort, P. J., Chaveroche, M., Fontaine, T.,
Fillinger, S., Ruijter, G.J., D’Enfert, C., and Visser, J. (2003). Glycerol
dehydrogenase, encoded by gldB is essential for osmotolerance in Aspergillus
nidulans. Moleculor Microbiology 49, 131–141.
deVries, R.P., Kester, H.C.M., Poulsen, C.H., Benen, J.A.E., and Visser, J. (2000).
Synergy between enzymes from Aspergillus involved in the degradation of
plant cell wall polysaccharides. Carbohydrte Research 327, 401–410.
Dey, G., Mitra, A., Banerjee, R. and Maiti, B.R. (2001) Enhanced production of amylase
by optimization of nutritional constituents using response surface methodology,
Biochemistry Engineering Journal 7, 227–231.
Ding, S.Y. (2006) Thermotolerant cellulase. Industrial Bioprocess 28, 3–4.
Duenas, R., Tengerdy, R.P. and Gutierrez-Correa, M. (1995) Cellulase production by
mixed fungi in solidsubstrate fermentation of bagasse. World Journal of
Microbiology and Biotechnology 11, 333–337.
181
Duenas, R., Tengerdy, R.P. and Gutierrez-Correa, M. (1995) Cellulase production by
mixed fungi in solid state fermentation of bagasse. World Journal of
Microbiology and Biotechnology 11, 333-337.
Duff, S.J.B. and Murray, W.D. (1996). Bioconversion of forest products industry waste
cellulosics to fuel ethanol: A Review. Bioresource Technology, 55, 1-33.
Eberhart, B.M., Beck, R.S. and Goolsby, K.M. (1977) Cellulase of Neurospora crassa.
Journal of Bacteriology 130, 181-186.
Elshafei, A.M., Vega, J.L., Klasson, K.T., Clausen, E.C. and Gaddy, J.L. (1990) Cellulase
and hemicellulase formation by fungi using corn stover as the substrate.
Biological Wastes 32, 209-218.
Eriksen, N. (1996) chap 2.10 Industrial Enzymology 2nd
edition, McMillan Press, London
Eriksson, T., J. Borjesson, and F. Tjerneld (2002) Mechanism of surfactant effect in
enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose. Enzyme Microbial Technology 31, 353-
364.
Esterbauer, H., Steiner, W., Labudova, I., Hermann, A. and Hayn, M. (1991) Production of
Trichoderma cellulase in laboratory and pilot scale. Bioresourse Technology
36, 51–65.
Falkowski, P., Scholes, R.J., Boyle, E., Canadell, J., Canfield, D., Elser, J. (2000) The
global carbon cycle: a test of our knowledge of earth as a system. Science 290,
291–296.
Farkas, V., Viskova, M., Biely, P. (1985) Novel media for detection of microbial
producers of cellulase and xylanase. FEMS Microbialogy Letters 28, 137-140.
182
Fauth, U., Romaniec, M., Kobayashi, T. and Demain, A. (1991) Purification and
characterization of endoglucanases from Clostridium thermocellum.
Biochemistry Journal 279, 67–73
Fawole, O. B. and Odunfa, S. A. (2003). Some factors affecting production of pectic
enzymes by Aspergillus niger. Int. Biodeteration and Biodegradation 52, 223–
227.
Feller G, Le Bussy O, Gerday C (1998) Expression of psychrophilic genes in mesophilic
hosts: assessment of the folding state of a recombinant α-amylase. Applied
Environmental Microbiology 64, 1163– 1165
Frost., G.M. and Moss, D.A. (1987) Production of enzymes by fermentation. In:
Biotechnology (Enzyme Technology), (Kennedy, J.F., Ed.), Verlag Chemie,
Weinheim, 7, 65.
Fujino, T., Sukhumavasi, J., Sasaki, T., Ohmiya, K and Shimizu, S. (1989) Purification
and properties of an endo-1,4-ß-glucanase from Clostridium josui. Journal of
Bacteriology 171, 4076 - 4079.
Fukumori, F., Kudo, T. and Horikoshi, K. (1985) Purification and properties of a cellulase
from alkalophilic Bacillus sp. NO 1139. Journal of General Microbiology 131,
3339-3345.
Galas, E. and I. Romanowska (1997) Purification and some properties of glucosidase from
Aspergillus niger IBT-90. Acta Microbiologica Polonica 46, 241-252.
Galbe, M. and Zacchi, G. (2002) A review of the production of ethanol from softwood.
Applied Microbiology Biotechnology 59, 618–28.
183
Garg, S.K. and Neelakantans. (1982) Studies on properties of cellulase enzyme from
Aspergillus terreus GN 1. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 21, 737-742.
Gaspar, A., Barrera-Islas, Ramos-Valdivia, A.C., Salgado, L. and Ponce-Noyola, T.
(2007). Characterization of a β-Glucosidase produced by a high-specific
growth-rate mutant of Cellulomonas flavigena. Current Microbiology 54, 266–
270.
Gavrilescu, M. (2004) Cleaner production as a tool for sustainable development.
Environmental Engineering and Managment Journal 3, 45– 70.
Gavrilescu, M. and Chisti, Y. (2005) Biotechnology - a sustainable alternative for
chemical industry. Biotechnology Advances 23, 471–499.
Gavrilescu, M. and Nicu, M. (2004) Source reduction and waste minimization. Iasi,
Romania7 Ecozone Press
George, S., R. and Subramanian, T.V. (1997) Comparative study of protease production in
solid substrate fermentation versus submerged fermentation. Journal of
Bioprocess Biosystem Engineering 16, 381–382
Gerday, G., Aittaleb, M. and Bentahir, M. (2000) Cold-adapted enzymes: from
Fundamentals to Biotechnology. TIBTECH 18, 103–107.
Germano, S., Pandey, A., Osaku, C.A., Rocha, S.N. and Soccol, C.R. (2003)
Characterization and stability of proteases from Penicillium sp. produced bu
solid-state fermentation. Enzyme Microbial Technology 32, 246–251.
Ghose, T.K. (1969) Continuous enzymatic saccharification of cellulose with culture
filtrates of Trichoderma viride QM 6a. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 11,
239-261.
184
Ghosh T.K. (1987). Measurement of cellulase activities. Pure and Applied Chemistry 59,
257-268
Ghosh, T.K., and Ghosh, P. (1978) Bioconversion of cellulosic substances. Journal of
Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology 28, 309-320.
Glick, B.R. and Pasternak, J.J. (2003) Molecular Biotechnology, Glick BR, Pasternak JJ.
2003. Publisher: ASM Press
Godfrey, T. and West, S. (1996) Introduction to industrial enzymology. In Industrial
Enzymology, 2nd edn. pp. 1–8. London: Macmillan Press. ISBN 0-33359464-
9.
Godfrey, T. and West, S.I. (2000) Industrial Enzymology. Macmillan Press Inc McCoy.
Chemical Engineering News 19, 23
Gokhale, D.V., Patil, S.G., and Bastawde, K.B. (1991) Optimization of Cellulase
Production by AspergiUus niger NCIM 1207. Applied Biochernistry and
Biotechnology 30, 99-109
Gomes, I., Gomes, J., Gomes, D. and Steiner, W. (2000) Simultaneous production of high
activities of thermostable endoglucanase and β-d-glucosidase by the wild
thermophilic fungus Thermoascus aurantiacus. Applied Microbiology and
Biotechnology 53, 461–468.
Gong, C.S. and Tsao, G.T. (1979) Cellulase and biosynthesis regulation. Annual Reports
on Fermentation Processes 3, 11 1-140.
Gormsen, E., Marcussen, E. and Damhus, T. (1998) In: Showell MS (ed) Enzymes in:
Powdered Detergents, Surfactant Science Series. Dekker, New York, p 137.
185
Gueguen Y, Chemardin P, Arnaud A, Galzy P (1994) Purification and characterization of
the endocellular β-glucosidase of a new strain of Candida entomophila isolated
from fermenting agave (Agave sp.) juice. Biotechnology and Applied
Biochemistry 20, 185–198
Gueguen, Y., Chemardin, P and Arnaud A (2001) Purification and Characterization of an
Intracellular β-Glucosidase from a Candida sake Strain Isolated from Fruit
Juices. Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry 95, 151-162
Gunata, Z and Vallier, M.J. (1999). Production of a highly glucose-tolerant extracellular β-
glucosidase by three Aspergillus strains. Biotechnology Letters 21, 219–223.
Gupta, J.K. and Gupta, Y.P. (1979) Properties of cellulase from Trichoderma uiride.
Folia Microbiologica 24, 269-272.
Gupte, A. and Madamwar, D. (1997) High Strength Cellulase and â-glucosidase
Formation from Aspergillus spp. under Solid State Fermentation. In Solid State
Fermentation; Pandey, A., Ed. Wiley Eastern Ltd. New Age International
Publishers: New Delhi, India, 130-133.
Haight, M. (2005) Assessing the environmental burdens of anaerobic digestion in
comparison to alternative options for managing the biodegradable fraction of
municipal solid wastes. Water Science Technology 52, 553–559.
Hakamada, Y., Koike, K., Yoshimatsu, T., Mori, H., Kobayashi, T. and Ito, S. (1997)
Thermostable alkaline cellulase from an alkaliphilic isolate, Bacillus sp. KSM-
S237. Extremophiles 1, 151–156
186
Halliwellogy and Grieffin, M. (1973) The nature and mode of action of cellulolytic
components C, of Trichoderma koningii on native cellulose. Biochemical
Journal 135, 587-594.
Haltrich, D., Nidetzky, B., Kulbe, K.D., Steiner, W. and Zupancic, S. (1996) Production of
fungal xylanases. Bioresource Technology 58, 137–161.
Hamer, G. (2003) Solid waste treatment and disposal: effects on public health and
environmental safety. Biotechnology Advances 22, 71–79.
Han, Y.W. and Callihan, C.D. (1974) Cellulose fermentation: Effect of substrate
pretreatment on microbial growth. Applied Microbiology 27, 159-165.
Harchand, R. and Singh, S. (1997) Characterization of cellulase complex of Streptomyces
albaduncus; thermostable cellulase, cellobiohydrolase and beta-glucosidase
characterization. Journal of Basic Microbiology 37, 93–103.
Hayashida, S., Otta, K. and Mo, K. (1988) Cellulases of Humicola insolens and Humicola
grisea. Methods in Enzymology 160, 323–32.
Headon, D.R. and Walsh, G. (1994). The industrial production of enzymes. Biotech. Adv.
12, 635-646.
Helle S.S., Duff S.J.B. and Cooper D.G. 1993. Effect of surfactant on cellulose hydrolysis.
Biotechnology and Bioengineering 42, 611–617.
Hemmatinejad, N., F. Vahabzadeh, and S. S. Kordestani (2002) Effect of Surfactants on
Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Cellulosic Fabric. Iranian Polymer Journal 11, 333-
338.
Henrissat, B. (1994) Cellulases and their interaction with cellulose. Cellulose 1, 169–96.
187
Herr, D., 1979. Secretion of cellulases and β-glucosides by Trichoderma viride TTCC
1433 in submerged cultures on different substrates. Biotechnology and
Bioengineering 21, 1361-1363.
Himmel, M., AdneyW, Tucker M, Grohmann K (1994) Thermostable purified
endoglucanase from Acidothermus cellulolyticus ATCC 43068. US Patent
5275944
Hoh, Y.K., Yeoh, H.H. and Tan, T.K. (1992). Properties of β-glucosidase purified from
Aspergillus niger mutants USDB 0827 and USDB 0828. Applied Microbiology
and Biotechnology 37, 590-593.
Hombergh, V.J.P.T.W., van de Vondervoort, P.J.I., Fraissinet, L., and Visser, J. (1997).
Aspergillus as a host for heterologous protein production: The problem of
proteases. Trends in Biotechnology 15, 256–263.
Hong, J. amaki, H. and Kumagai, H. (2007). Cloning and functional expression of
thermostable β-glucosidase gene from Thermoascus aurantiacus. Applied
Microbiology and Biotechnology 73, 1331–1339.
Hosel, W., E. Surholt, and E. Borgmann (1978) Characterization of β-glucosidase
isozymes possibly involved in lignification from chick pea (Cicer arietinum .L)
cell suspension cultures. Europiran Journal of Biochemistry 84, 487-492.
Howson, S. and Davis, R. (1983). Production of phytase - hydrolysing enzyme by some
fungi. Enzyme Microbiol Technology 5, 377-382.
Hreggvidsson, G., Kaiste, E., Holst, O., Eggertsson, G., Palsdottir, A. and Kristjansson, A.
(1996) An extremely thermostable cellulase from the thermophilic eubacterium
Rhodothermus marinus. Applied Enviromental Microbiology 62, 047–3049
188
Idogaki, H. and Kitamoto, Y. (1992) Purification and some properties of a carboxymethyl
cellulase from Coriolus versicolor. Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemstry
56, 970–971.
Illanes, A., Aroca, G. and Cabello, LOGY (1992) Solid substrate fermentation of leached
beet pulp with Trichoderma aureoviride. World Journal of Microbiology and
Biotechnology 8, 488–493.
Ito, S. (1997) Alkaline cellulases from alkaliphilic Bacillus: Enzymatic properties,
genetics, and application to detergents. Extremophiles 1, 61- 66.
Jager, S., Brumbauer, A., Feher, E., Reczey, K. and Kiss, L. (2001) Production and
characterization of β-glucosidase from Aspergillus strains World Journal of
Microbiology and Biotechnology 17, 455-461.
Jarvis M. (2003) Cellulose stacks up. Science 426, 611-612.
Jecu, L. (2000) Solid state fermentation of agricultural wastes for endoglucanase
production. Industrial Crops and Products. 11, 1-5.
Jiang, Y., Qu, Y. and Chen, S. (1998) Screening of alkaline β-glycanases producer and
optimization of enzyme production. 7th International Conference on
Biotechnology in the Pulp and Paper Industry. Canada, 177–180
Johanssona, G. and Reczey, K. (1998). Concentration and purification of β-glucosidase
from Aspergillus niger by using aqueous two-phase partitioning. Journal of
Chromatography 711, 161–172
John, F., Monsalve, G., Medina, P.I.V. and Ruiz, C.A.A. (2006) Ethanol production of
banana shell and cassava starch. Dyna Universidad Nacional de Colombia 73,
21–7.
189
Jorgensen, H., Kristensen, J.B. and Felby, C. (2007) Enzymatic conversion of
lignocellulose into fermentable sugars: challenges and opportunities. Society of
Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Biofuels, Bioproducts and
Biorefnery 1, 119–134.
Jun, H., Bing, Y., Keying, Z., Xuemei, D. and Daiwen, C. (2009). Strain improvement of
Trichoerma reesei Rit C-3 for increased cellulose production. Indian journal of
Microbiology 49, 188-195.
Kalogeris, E., Iniotaki, F., Topakas, E., Christakopoulos, P., Kekos, D. and Macris B. J.
(2003) Performance of an intermittent agitation rotating drum type bioreactor
for solid-state fermentation of wheat straw, Bioresource Technology, 86, 207-
213.
Kalra, M.K., Sidhu, M.S. and Sandhud, K. (1986) Partial purification, characterization and
regulation of cellulolytic enzymes from Trichoderma longibrachiatum. Journal
of Applied Bacteriology 61, 73-80.
Kamagata, Y., Yachi, M., Kurasawa, T., Suto, M., Sasaki, H., Takao, S. and Tomita, F.
(1991) Cellulase induction by cellobiose-octaacetate in Penicillium
purpurogenum Journal of Fermentation and Bioengineering 72, 217-220
Kamm, B. and Kamm, M. (2004) Principles of biorefineries. Applied Microbiology and
Biotechnology 64, 137–45.
Kang, S. W., Ko, E. H., Lee, J.S., and Kim S. W. (1999), Biotechnology Letters 21, 647-
650.
Kang, S.W., Park, Y.S., Lee, J.S., Hong, S.I. and Kim. S.W. (2004). Production of
cellulases and hemicellulases by Aspergillus niger KK2 from lignocellulosic
biomass. Bioresource Technology 91, 153–156.
190
Kanlaykrit, W., K. Ishimatsu, M. Nakao, and S. Hayashida. 1987. Characteristics of raw
starch-digesting glucoamylase from thermophilic Rhizomucor pusilus. Journal
of Fermention Technology 65, 379–385.
Katzi E,K. and Kraemer DM (2000) Eupergit C, a carrier for immobilization of enzymes
of industrial potential. Journal of Molecular Catalysis 10, 157–176.
Kerns, G., Okunev, O. N., Ananin, V. M. and Golovlev, E. L. (1987) Enhanced Formation
of β-D-Glucosidase by Aspergillus niger VKMF-2092 in Fed-Batch Operation
with Frequently Intermittent Glucose Addition. . Acta Biotechnology 6, 535-
545.
Khoo, S, L. and Amirul, A.A., Kamaruzaman, M., Nazalan, N. and Azizan, M.N. (1994).
Purification and Characterization of α-Amylase from Aspergillus flavus. Folia
Microbiology 39, 392-398.
Kierstan, M. and Bucke, C. (1977) The immobilization of microbial cells, subcellular
organelles and enzymes in calcium alginate cells. Biotechnology and
Bioengineering 19, 387-397.
Kim, C. (1995) Characterization and substrate specificity of an endo-ß-1,4-D-glucanase I
(avicelase I) from an extracellular multienzyme complex of Bacillus circulans.
Applied Environmental Microbiology 61, 959 - 965.
Kimura, I., Yoshioka, N. and Tajma, S. (1999). Purification and characterization of a β-
glucosidase with β-xylosidase activity from Aspergillus sojae. Journal of
Bioscience and Bioengineering. 87, 538-541.
Kirk, O., Borchert, T.V. and Fuglsang, C.C. (2002) Industrial enzyme applications.
Current Opinions in Biotechnology 13, 345–51.
191
Kirk, O., Damhus, T., Borchert , T.V,. Fuglsang, C.C., Olsen, H.S., Hansen, T.T., Lund,
H., Schiff, H.E. and Nielsen, L. K. (2004) Encyclopedia of Chemical
Technology. Wiley, Weinheim.
Klich MA (2002). Identification of Common Aspergillus species. 122 pp Utrecht, The
Netherlands: Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures. - Link:
http://www.mycotaxon.com/resources/checklists/Checklist001.pdf
Klyosov, A. (1986), Enzymatic conversion of cellulosic materials to sugars and alcohol.
Applied Biochemstry and Biotechnolgy 12, 249-300
Kosikowski, F.V. and Mistry, V.V. (1997) Cheese and fermented milk foods. Procedures
and analysis, 3rd
edn. LLC, Westport, 90–96.
Kown, K.S., Kang, H. G. and Hah, Y. C. (1992) Purification and characterization of two
extracellular β-D-glucosidases from Aspergillus nidulans. FEMS Microbiology
Lettters 97, 149–154.
Kricke, J., Varma, A., Miller, D. and Mayer, F. (1994) Carboxymethyl cellulase from
Bacillus sp: isolation, macromolecular organization, and cellular location.
Journal of Gen. Applogy Microbiology 40, 53-62.
Krishna, C. (1999) Production of bacterial cellulases by solid state bioprocessing of
banana wastes. Bioresource Technology, 69, 231-239.
Krishna, S.H., Rao, K.C., Babu, J.S. and Reddy, D.S. (2000) Studies on the production and
application of cellulase from Trichoderma reesei QM-9414. Bioprocess
Engineering 22, 467-470.
192
Kristo, E., Biliaderis, C.G. and Tzanetakis, N. (2003) Modelling of the acidification
process and rheological properties of milk fermented with a yogurt starter
culture using response surface methodology. Food Chemistry 83, 437–446.
Kubiceck, C. P., R. Messner, F. Gruber, R. LOGY Mach, and E. M. Kubicek-Pranz (1993)
The Trichoderma cellulase regulatory puzzle: from the interior life of a
secretory fungus. Enzyme Microbial Technology 15, 90–99.
Kumar, A. and Harnden, A. (1999) Textile Chemistry Color and Amer Dyestuff Rep 1-37.
Kumar, A., Yoon M.Y. and Purtell, C. (1997) Textile Chemistry Color 29-37.
Kumar, R.K., Venkatesh, K.S. and Kumar, U.S. (2004). Evidence that cleavage of the
precursor enzyme by autocatalysis secretion of multiple amylases by
Aspergillus niger. FEBS Letters 557, 239–242.
Kumar, S. and T. Satyanarayana. 2001. Medium optimization for glucoamylase production
by a yeast, Pichia subpelliculosa ABWF 64, in submerged cultivation. World
Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 17, 83–87.
Kume, S. and Fujio, Y. (1991) Production of two types of thermophilic cellulases in a
mixture of thermoohilic bacilli. Journal of General Microbiology 37, 25-34.
Kuzmanova, S., Vandeska, E. and Dimitrovski, A. (1991) Production of mycelial protein
and cellulolytic enzymes from food waste. Journal of Industrial Microbiology
and Biotechnology. 7, 257–261.
Kwon, S.K, Kang, H.G. and Hah, Y.C (1992). Purification and characterization of two
extracellular β-glucosidases from Aspergillus nidulans. FEMS Microbiology
Letters 97, 149-154.
193
Laemmli, U. K. (1970) Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of
bacteriophage T4. Nature. 227, 680–685.
Lambert, P.W. and Meers, J.L. (1983) The production of industrial enzymes. Philogy
Trans R. Soc. Lond. B. 300, 263–282
Latge, J. P. (1999). Aspergillus fumigatus and aspergillosis. Clinical Microbiology
Reviews 12, 310–350.
Lee, J. M. and Woodward, J. (1983). Properties and applications of immobilized β-
glucosidase coentrapped with Zymomonas mobilis in calcium alginate.
Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 24, 2441-51.
Lee, J.H., Kwon, K.S. and Hah, Y.C. (1996) Regulation of β-D-glucosidase biosynthesis
in Aspergillus nidulans. FEMS Microbiology Letters I35, 79-84.
Legras, J. L., Kaakeh, M. R., Arnaud, A. and Galzy, P. (1989), Journal of Basic
Microbiology 29, 655–659.
Leyer, K.M. and Kirk, T.K. (1994) Three native cellulose-depolymerizing endoglucanases
from solid–substrate cultures of the brown rot fungus Meruliporia (Serpula)
incrassata. Applied Environmental Microbiology 60, 2839–2845.
Li, D.C., Lu, M., Li, Y.A. and Lu, J. (2003) Purification and characterization of an
endocellulase from the thermophilic fungus Chaetomium thermophilum CT 2.
Enzyme Microbial Technology 33, 932–937
Lim, L. H., Macdonald, D. G. and Hill, G. A. (2003), Journal of Biochemical Engineering
13, 53–62.
Liming, X. and Xueliang, S. (2000) High-yield cellulase production by Trichoderma
reesei ZU-02 on corn cob residue. Bioresource Technology 91, 259–262.
194
Lo, C.M., Zhang, Q., Lee, P. and Ju, L.K. (2005) Cellulase production by Trichoderma
reesei using sawdust hydrolysate. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology
121–4, 561–573
Long, K., Ghazali, H.M., Ariff, A. and Bucke, C. (1997) Acidolysis of several vegetable
oils by mycelium-bound Lipase of Aspergillus flavus Link. Journal of the
American Oil Chemists' Society 74, 1121-1128.
Lonsane, B.K., Saucedo, C.G., Raimbault, M., Roussos, S., Viniegra, G.G., Ghildyal, N.P.,
Ramakrishna, M. and Krishnaiah, M.M. (1992) Scale-up strategies for solid-
state fermentation system (review). Process Biochemistry 27, 259–273.
Lonsky, W.F.W. and Negri, A.R. (2003) US Patent 6 635 146.
Lowry, O. H., N. J. Rosebrough, A. L. Farr and R. J. Randall (1951) Protein measurement
with the Folin-Phenol reagent. J. Biology Chem. 48: 17-25.
Lucas, R., Robles, A., DeCienfuegos, G.A. and Galrez, A. (2000) A. ß-glucosidase from
chalara paradoxa CH 32 purification and properties. Journal of Agricultural
and Food Chemistry 48, 3698-3703.
Lynd, L. R., P. J. Weimer, and W. H. vanZyl (2002) Microbial cellulose utilization:
Fundamentals and biotechnology. Microbiology and Moleculor Biology
Reviews 3, 506-577.
Lynd, L., Wyman, C.E. and Gerngross, T.U. (1999) Biocommodity engineering.
Biotechnology Progress 15, 777–93.
Lynd, L.R. (1996) Overview and evaluation of fuel ethanol from cellulosic biomass:
technology, economics, the environment, and policy. Annual Reviews of Energy
and Environment 21, 403–65.
195
Lynd, L.R., Cushman, J.H., Nichols, R.J. and Wyman, C.E. (1991) Fuel ethanol from
cellulosic biomass. Science 251, 1318–1323.
Lynd, L.R., vanZyl, W.H., McBride, J.E. and Laser, M. (2005) Consolidated
bioprocessing of cellulosic biomass: an update. Current Opinions in
Biotechnology 16, 577–583.
Lynd, L.R., Weimer, P.J. and vanZyl, W.H. (2002) Pretorius IS. Microbial cellulose
utilization: fundamentals and biotechnology. Microbiology and Moleculor
Biology Reviews 66, 506–77.
Mabey, J. E., Anderson, M.J., Giles, P.F., Miller, C.J., Attwood, T.K., Paton, N.W.,
Bornberg-Bauer, E., Robson, G.D., Oliver, S.G. and Denning, D.W. (2004).
The central Aspergillus data repository. Nucleic Acids Research 32, 401–405.
Macchione, M.M., Merheb, C.W., Gomes, E. and daSilva, R. (2007) Protease production
by different thermophilic fungi. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 146,
223–230
Mach, R. and Zeilinger S. (2003) Regulation of gene expression in industrial fungi:
Trichoderma. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 60, 515–522.
Macris, B..J. (1984) Production and characterization of cellulase and β-glucosidase from a
mutant of Alternaria alternata. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 47,
560-565.
Malherbe, S. and Cloete, T.E. (2002) Lignocellulose biodegradation: fundamentals and
applications. Reviews in Environmental Science and Biotechnology 1, 105–114.
Mandels, M., Hontz, L. and Nystrom, J. (1974) Enzymatic hydrolysis of waste cellulose.
Biotechnology and Bioengineering 16, 1471-1493.
196
Mariana, M. Macchione, Carolina, W., Merheb, Eleni, G. and daSilva, R. (2008) Protease
Production by Different Thermophilic Fungi. Applied Biochemistry and
Biotechnology 146, 223–230.
Matsui, I., Sakai, Y. and Matsui, E. (2000) Novel substrate specificity of a membrane-
bound β-glycosidase from the hyperthermophilic archeon Pyrococcus
horikoshii. FEBS Letters 467, 195–200.
Mayer, R. and D. Montgomery. 1995. Response Surface Methodology: Process and
Product Optimization using Designed Experiments. New York: John Wiley.
McCoy, M. (2001) Making drugs with little bugs. Chemical Engineering News 79, 37–43.
McHale, A . and Coughlanm, P. (1982) Properties of the β-glucosidases of Talaromyces
emersonii. Journal of General Microbiology 128, 2327-2331.
McKendry, P. (2002) Energy production from biomass: overview of biomass. Bioresource
Technology 83, 37–43.
Melillo, J.M., Steudler, P.A., Aber, J.D., Newkirk, K., Lux, H., Bowles, F.P. (2002) Soil
warming and carbon-cycle feedbacks to the climate system. Science 298,
2173–2176.
Micheli, P. A. (1729). Nova Plantarum Genera. Florentiae.
Mielenz, J.R. (2001) Ethanol production from biomass: technology and commercialization
status. Current Opinions in Microbiology 4, 324-329.
Miles inc. (1988). Takamine: Documents from the dawn of industrial biotechnology. Miles
Laboratories Inc., Elkhart, IN, USA.
Miller, G.L. (1959) Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing
sugar. Anal Chem. 31, 426-428.
197
Mitchell, D.A., Krieger, N., Berovic, M. (eds) (2006) Solid-state fermentation bioreactors:
fundamentals of design and operation. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York,
447 pp.
Miyamoto, K. (Ed.) (1997) Renewable biological systems for alternative sustainable
energy production. FAO Agricultural Services Bulletin-128, Italy.
Moloney, A.P., Mccrae, S.I., Wood, T.M. and Coughlanm, P. (1985) Isolation and
characterization of the 1,4-β-D-glucanglucanohydrolases of Talaromyces
emersonii. Biochemical Journal 225, 365-374.
Monedero, V., O. P. Kuipers, E. Jamet, and J. Deutscher, (2001) Regulatory functions of
resine-46-phosphorylated HPr in Lactococcus lactis. Journal of Bacteriology
183, 3391–3398.
Moracci, M., Trincone, A., Cobucci-Ponzano, Perugino, G., Ciaramella, M. and Rossi, M.
(2001) Enzymatic synthesis of oligosaccharides by two glycosyl hydrolases of
Sulfolobus solfataricus. Extremophiles 5, 145-152.
Morag, E., Bayer, E.A. and Lamed, R. (1990) Relationship of cellulosomal and non
cellulosomal xylanases of Clostridium thermocellum to cellulose degrading
enzymes. Journal of Bacteriology 172, 6098-6105.
Morrison, J., McCarthy, U. and McHale, A. P. (1987) Cellulase production by
Talaromyces emersonii CBS 814.70 and a mutant UV7 during growth on
cellulose, lactose and glucose containing media Enzyme and Microbial
Technology 9, 422-425.
198
Mountfort, D. O & Asher, R. A. (1985) Production and regulation of cellulase by two
strains of the rumen anaerobic fungus Neocallimastix frontalis. Applied
Environmental Microbiology 49, 1314-1322.
Muniswaran, P.K.A. and Charyulu, N.C.L.N. (1994) Solid substrate fermentation
of coconut coir pitch for cellulase production. Enzyme Microbial Technology
16, 436-440.
Muralidhar, R.V., Chirumamil,a R.R., Marchant, R. and Nigam, P. (2001) A response
surface approach for the comparison of lipase production by Candida
cylindracea using two different carbon sources. Biochemical Engineering
JournalJ 9, 17-23.
Murao, S., Sakamoto, R., Arai, M. (1988) Cellulases of Aspergillus aculeatus. Methods in
Enzymology 160, 274–299.
Murashima, K., Nishimura, T., Nakamura ,Y., Koga, J., Moriya, T., Sumida, N. (2002)
Purification and characterization of new endo-1,4-β-D-glucosidases from
Rhizopus oryzae. Enzyme Microbial Technology 30, 319–320.
Naganagouda V. K. Goud, A.G. Patil and Mulimani, V.H. (2009). Optimization of the
Production of Thermostable endo-β-1,4 Mannanases from a Newly Isolated
Aspergillus niger gr and Aspergillus flavus gr. Applied Biochemistry and
Biotechnology 152, 213-223.
Nakai, R., Horinouchi, S. and Beppu, T. (1988) Cloning and nucleotide sequence of a
cellulase gene, casA, from an alkalophilic Streptomyces strain. Gene 65, 229-
238.
199
Nakamura, Y., Moriya, T., Baba, Y., Yanai, K., Sumida, N., Nishimura, T. (2001)
Endoglucanase and cellulase preparations containing the same. European
Patent 1123974.
Nelson, N. (1944) A photometric adaptation of the Somogyi method for the determination
of glucose. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 153, 375–380.
Ng, T.K. and Zeikus, J. G. (1981) Comparison of extracellular cellulase activities of
Clostridium thermocellum LQR1 and Trichoderma reesei QM 9414. Applied
Environmental Microbiology 42, 231-240.
Niehaus, F., Bertoldo, C. and Kahler, M. et alogy (1999) Extremophiles as a source of
novel enzymes for industrial application. Applied Microbiology and
Biotechnology 51, 711–729.
Nielsen, P.N. (1995) Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. 4th ed 9, 567.
Nigam, P. and Singh, D. (1994) Recent process developments in solid-state substrate
systems and their applications in biotechnology solid-state fermentation.
Journal of Basic Microbiology 34, 405-423.
Nummi, M., Fox, E.C., Niku-Paavola, M.L and Enari, T.M. (1981), Nephelometric and
turbidometric assays of cellulase activity. Annals in Biochemistry 116, 133-136.
Nutan, D. M., Ulka, S. P., Kulbhushan, B. B., Khire, J. M., and Gokhale, D. V. (2002).
Production of acidic lipase by Aspergillus niger in solid state fermentation.
Process Biochemistry 8, 715–721.
Oberg C.J., Merrill, R.K., Brown, R.J. (1992) Effects of milk-clotting enzymes on physical
properties of mozzarella cheese. Journal of Dairy Science 75, 669–675.
200
OECD. (1998) Biotechnology for clean industrial products and processes. Towards
industrial sustainability. Paris, OECD.
Oikawa, T., Tsukagawa, Y. and Soda, K. (1998) Endo-ß-glucanase secreted by a
psychrotrophic yeast: purification and characterization. Biotechnology and
Biochemistry 62, 1751-1756.
Oinonen, M.A., Londesborough, J., Vehmaanpera, J., Haakana, H., Mantyla, A., Lantto,
R., Elovainio, M., Joutsjoki, V., Paloheimo, M. and Suominen, P. (1996) New
cellulases from fungi for use in pulp and textile processing and the genes
encoding the enzymes. WO Patent no. 9714804
Ojumu, T.V., Solomon, B. O., Betiku, E., Layokun, S. K. and Amigun, B. (2003)
Cellulase Production by Aspergillus flavus Linn Isolate NSPR 101 fermented
in sawdust, bagasse and corncob. African Journal of Biotechnology 2 (6), 150–
152.
Okada, G. (1988) Cellulase of Aspergillus niger. Methods Enzymology 160, 259-264.
Olsson, L., Christensen, T.M.I.E., Hansen, K.P. and Palmqvist, E.A. (2003) Influence of
the carbon source on production of cellulases, hemicellulases and pectinases by
Trichoderma reesei Rut C-30. Enzyme Microbial Technology, 33, 612-619.
Olutiola, P.O. (1976) Cellulase complex in culture filtrates of Penicillium citrinum.
Canadian Journal of Microbiology 22, 1153-1159.
Ooshima H., Sakata M. and Harano Y. 1986. Enhancement of enzymatic hydrolysis of
cellulose by surfactant. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 28, 1727–1734.
Oxenboll, K. (1994) Aspergillus enzymes and industrial uses, In: The Genus Aspergillus.
(Powell, K.A., Ed.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 147-158.
201
Painbeni, E., Valles, S., Polaina, J. and Flors, A. (1992) Purification and characterization
of Bacillus polymyxa ß-glucosidase expressed in Escherichia coli. Journal of
Bacteriology 174, 3087-3091.
Panagiotou, G., Kekos, D., Macris, B.J. and Christakopoulos, P. (2003) Production of
cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzymes by Fusarium oxysporum grown on corn
stover in solid state fermentation. Industrial crops and products., 18, 37-45.
Pandey A, Soccol C, Mitchell D (2000) New developments in solid state fermentation I:
bioprocesses and products. Process Biochemistry 35, 1153–1169
Pandey, A., Selvakumar, P., Soccol, C.R. (1999) Solid state fermentation for the
production of industrial enzymes. Current Science 77, 149–162.
Park, J.W., Y. Takahata, T. Kajiuchi, and T. Akehata (1992) Effects of surfactant on
enzymatic hydrolysis of used newspaper. Biotechnology and Bioengineering
39, 117-120.
Park, Y.S., Kang, S.W. Lee, J.S. Hong, S.I. and Kim, S.W. (2002) Xylanase production
in solid state fermentation by Aspergillus niger mutant using statistical
experimental design. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 58, 761–766.
Parry, N.J., Beever, D.E., Owen, E., Nerinckx, W., Claaeyssens, M. and Beeumen, J.V.
(2002). Biochemical characterization and mode of action of a thermostable
endoglucanase purified from Thermoascus aurantiacus Archieves of
Biochemistry and Biophysics 404, 243–253.
Parry, N.J., Beever, D.E., Owen, E., Vandnberghe, I., Beeumen, J. V. and Bhat, M. (2001)
Biochemical characterization and mechanism of action of a thermostable ß-
202
glucosidase purified from Thermoascus aurantiacus. Biochemistry Journal 353,
117-127.
Peciulyte, D. (2007) Isolation of cellulolytic fungi from waste paper gradualrecycling
materials. Ekologica. 53, 11–18.
Pedersen, G.L., Screws, G.A. Jr., and Cedroni , D.M. (1992) Biopolishing of Cellulosic
Fabrics, Canadian Textile Journal 12, 31-35.
Peshin, A. and Mathur, J.M.S. (1999). Purification and characterization of β-glucosidase
from Aspergillus niger strain 322. Letters in Applied Microbiology. 28, 401–
404.
Pombo, P.G., Perez, G., Carrau, F., Guisan, J.M., Batista-Viera, F. and Brena, B.M.
(2008) One-step purification and characterization of an intracellular β-
glucosidase from Metschnikowia pulcherrima. Biotechnology Letters 30,1469–
1475.
Pothiraj, C., Balaji, P. and Eyini, M. (2006) Enhanced production of cellulases by various
fungal cultures in solid state fermentation of cassava waste. African Journal of
Biotechnology, 5, 1882-1885.
Prassad, S., Singh, A., Joshi, H.C. (2007) Ethanol as an alternative fuel from agricultural,
industrial and urban residues. Resour. Conservation and Recycling 50, 1–39.
Puls, J., Sinner, Μ. and Dietrich, H. H. (1977) Trans. Tech. Sect., Can. Pulp. Paper Assoc.
3, TR64-TR 72.
Qung, Y., Z., T. Mei-Lin, S. Wei-De, Z. Yu-Zhen, D. Yue, M. Yan and Z. Wen-Ling,
2004. Immobilization of L-asparaginase of the microparticles of the natural silk
serum protein and its characters, Biomaterials 25, 3151-3759.
203
Raimbault, M. (1998) General and microbiological aspects of solid substrate fermentation.
Electronic Journal of Biotechnology 1, 174–188.
Rajoka, M.I. and Malik, K.A. (1997) Enhanced production of cellulases by Cellulomonas
strains grown on different cellulosic residues. Folia Microbiology 42, 59-64.
Rashid, M.H. and K. S. Siddiqui (1997) Purification and characterization of a glucosidase
from Aspergillus niger. Folia Microbiologica (Praha) 42, 544-550.
Ray, I., Pal, A.K., Ghosh, A.K. and Chattopadyay, P. (1993) Cellulase and β-glucosidase
from Aspergillus niger and saccharification of some cellulosic wastes. Journal
of Microbiology and Biotechnology 8, 85-94.
Reddy, N. and Yang, Y. (2005) Biofibers from agricultural byproducts for industrial
applications. Trends in Biotechnology 23, 22–27.
Reese, E.T. and Mandels, M. (1984) Rolling with the time: production and applications of
Trichoderma reesei cellulase. Annual Report of Fermentation Processes. 7, 1–
20.
Rho, D., Desrochers, M., Jurasek, LOGY, Driguez, H. and Defaye, J. (1982) Induction of
Cellulase in Schizophyllum commune: Thiocellobiose as a New Inducer
Journal of Bacteriology 149, 47-53
Riou, C., Salmon, J., Valier, M., Gunata, Z. and Barre, P. (1998) Purification,
characterization and substrate specificity of a novel highly glucose-tolerant ß-
glucosidase from Aspergillu soryza . Applied Environmental Microbiology 64,
3607-3614.
204
Robinson, T., Singh, D. and Nigam, P. (2001) Solid-state fermentation: A promising
microbial technology for secondary metabolite production, Applied
Microbiology and Biotechnology 55, 284–289.
Roland. and U, Sell, D., (2007). Text book of ‘White biotechnology’, Advances in
biochemical engineering and biotechnology.
Romaniec, M., Fauth, U., Kobayashi, T., Huskisson, N., Barker, P. and Demain, A. (1992)
Purification and characterization of a new endoglucanase from Clostridium
thermocellum. Biochemistry Journal 283, 69–73.
Roopesh, K., Ramachandran, S., Nampoothiri, K.M. (2006) Comparison of phytase
production on wheat bran and oilcakes in solid-state fermentation by Mucor
racemosus. Bioresource Technology 97, 506–511.
Rose, A.H. (1980) Microbial enzymes and bioconversions. Economic microbiology, 5.
Academic Press, New York, 693.
Rosfarizan, M and Ariff, A.B. (2006) Kinetics of kojic acid fermenttion by Aspegillus
flavus link S44-1 using sucrose as a carbon source under different pH
conditions. Biotechnolohy and Bioprocess Engineering 11, 72-79.
Rosfarizan, M., Madihah, S. and Ariff, A.B. (1998) Isolation of a kojic acid-producing
fungus capable of using starches as a carbon source. Letters in Applied
Microbiology 26, 27-30.
Rouau, X. and Foglietti, M.J. (1985) Purification and partial characterization of three
endo-glucanases from Dichomitus squalens. Carbohydrate Research 142, 299–
314.
205
Rousses S, Raimbault M (1982). Hydrolysis of cellulose by fungi. II Cellulase production
by Trichioderma harzianum in liquid medium fermentation. Annals in
Microbiology (Paris), 133, 465-474.
Russell, J.B., Rychlik, J.L. (2001) Factors that alter rumen microbial ecology. Science 292,
1119–1122.
Ryu, D.D.Y. and Mandels, M. (1980) Cellulases: biosynthesis and applications. Enzyme
Microbiol Technology 2, 91–101.
Sadhukhan, R., Roy, S. K., and Chakrabarty, S.L. (1993), Enzyme Microbial Technology
15, 801–804.
Saha BC (2004) Production, purification and properties of endoglucanase from a newly
isolated strain of Mucor circinelloides. Process Biochemistry. 39, 1871–1876.
Saha, B. and Bothast, R. (1996) Production, purification and characterization of a highly
glucose-tolerant novel ß-glucosidase from Candida peltata. Applied
Environmental Microbiology 62, 3165-3170.
Sakon, J., Adney, W., Himmel, M., Thomas, S., Karplus, P. (1996) Crystal structure of
thermostable family 5 endoglucanase EI from Acidothermus cellulolyticus in
complex with cellotetraose. Biochemistry 35, 10648–10660.
Sanyal, A., Kundu, R. K., Sinha, S. N. and Dube, D. K. (1988) Extracellular cellulolytic
enzyme system of Aspergillus japonicus:Effect of different carbon sources
Enzyme and Microbial Technology. 10, 85-90
Saraswat, V. and Bisaria, S.V. (1997) Biosynthesis of xylanolytic and xylan debranching
enzymes in Melanocarpus albomyces IIS 68. Journal of Fermentation
Bioengineering 83, 352-357.
206
Sasikumar, E. and Viruthagiri, T. (2008) Optimization of Process Conditions Using
Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for Ethanol Production from Pretreated
Sugarcane Bagasse: Kinetics and Modeling. Bioenergy Research 1, 239–247.
Schafer, T. Borchert, T.W., Nielsen, V.S., Skagerlind, P., Gibson, K., Wenger, K.,
Hatzack, F., Nilsson, L.D., Salmon, S., Pedersen, S., Heldt-Hansen, H.P.,
Poulsen, P.B., Lund, H., Oxenbøll, K.M., Wu, G.F., Pedersen, H.H. and Xu, H.
(2007) Industrial Enzymes. Advances in Biochemical Engineering and
Biotechnology 105, 59–131.
Schafer, T., Kirk, O., Borchert, T.V., Fuglsang, C.C., Pedersen, S., Salmon, S., Olsen, H.S.
Deinhammer, R. Lind, H. (2002) In: Steinbuechel A (ed) Biopolymers.
Enzymes for technical applications. Wiley, Weinheim.
Schülein, M. (1997) Enzymatic properties of cellulases from Humicola insolens. Journal
of Biotechnology 57, 71–81.
Schulein, M. (2000) Protein engineering of cellulases. Biochimistry and Biophysics Acta.
1543, 239–252.
Selby, K . and Maitlanuc, C. (1967). The cellulase of Trichoderma oiride. Separation of
the components involved in the solubilization of cotton. Biochemical Journal
104, 716-724.
Sen, S., Abraham, T.K. and Chakrabarthy, Y.L. (1983) Induction of cellulase in
Myceliophthora thermophila D-14. Candian Journal of Microbiology 29, 1258
- 1260.
207
Sestelo, A.B.F., Poza, M., and Villa ,T.G. (2004) β-Glucosidase activity in a Lactobacillus
plantarum wine strain. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 20,
633-637.
Shamala, T. R. and Srikantaiah, K. R. (1986) Production of cellulases and o-xylanase by
some selected fungal isolates. Enzyme Microbial Technology 8, 178-182.
Shewale, J.G. (1982) β-D-glucosidase: its role in cellulase synthesis and hydrolysis of
cellulose. International journal of Biochemistry 14, 435-443.
Shi, F., Z. Xu, and P. Cen (2006) Optimization of γ- polyglutamic acid production by
Bacillus subtilis ZJU-7 using a surface-response methodology. Biotechnology
Bioprocess Engineering 11, 251-257.
Siddiqui, K.S., Rashid, M.H. and Ghauri, T.M. (1997) Purification and characterization of
an intracellular β-glucosidase from Cellulomonas biazotea. World Journal of
Microbiology and Biotechnology 13, 245– 247.
Singh, R.P., Garcha, H.S. and Khanna, P.K. (1989) Biodegradation of lignocellulosics in
solid state fermentation (SSF) by Pleurotus spp. Indian Journal of
Microbiology 29, 49-52.
Singh, S.K., Sczakas, G., Soccol, C.R. and Pandey, A. (2008). Production of Enzymes by
solid state fermentation. Book chapter, Springer publication, p.no 183-204
Smits, J.P., Rinzema, A., Tramper, J., Van, H.M. and Knol, W. (1996) Solid state
fermentation of wheat bran by Trichoderma reesei QMQ 9414. Applied
Microbiology and Biotechnology, 46, 489-496.
Somogyi, M. Notes on sugar determination. (1952) Journal of Biological Chemistry 195,
19–23.
208
Souze, 1980. Immobilized enzyme bioprocess. Bioetecnology and Bioengineering 22, 79-
21.
Sozci, A., Radford, A. and Erenler, K. (1986). Detection of cellulolytic fungi by using
congo red as an indicator: a comparative study with the dinitrosalicyclic acid
reagent method. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 61, 559-562.
Sternberg, D. and Mandels, G.R. (1979) Induction of cellulolytic enzymes in Trichoderma
reesei by sophorose. Journal of Bacteriology 139, 761-769.
Stewart, C.W. (1996) AATCC International Conference & Exhibition Book of Papers
AATCC, Research Triangle Park NC, p 212.
Stewart, J.C and Parry, J.B. (1981) Influencing the production of cellulase by Aspergillus
fumigatus (Fresenius) Journal of General Microbiology 125, 33 - 39.
Strobel, R. and G. Sullivan. 1999. Experimental design for improvement of fermentation.
In Manual of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology. eds. Demain, A.L.
and Davies, J.E. pp. 80–93. Washington: ASM press.
Sundstron, D.W., Klei, H.E., Coughlin, R.W., Biederman, G.J. and Brouwer, C.A. (1981
). Enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose to glucose using immobilized β-
glucosidase. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 23, 473-485.
Szengyel, Z., Zacchi, G., Varga,A. and Reczey, K. (2000) Cellulase production of
Trichoderma reesei RUT C30 using steam- pretreated spruce. Hydrolytic
potential of cellulases on different substrate. Applied Biochemistry and
Biotechnology 84, 679-691.
Szijarto, N., Szengyel, Z., Liden, G. and Reczey, K. (2004) Dynamics of cellulase
production by glucose grown cultures of Trichoderma reesei Rut-C30 as a
209
response to addition of cellulose. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 113,
115–1124
Te’o, V., Saul, D. and Bergquist, P. (1995) CelA, another gene coding for a multidomain
cellulases from the extreme thermophile Caldocellum saccharolyticum.
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 43, 291-296.
Teeri, T. and Koivula A. (1995) Cellulose degradation by native and engineered fungal
cellulases. Carbohydrate Eur. 12, 28–33.
Teeri, T.T. (1997) Crystalline cellulose degradation: new insights into the function of
cellobiohydrolases. Trends in Biotechnology 15, 160–167.
Tengerdy, R.P. (1992). In: Solid Substrate Fermentations, H.W. Doelle, D.A. Mitchell and
C.E. Rolz, eds., London: Elsevier Applied Science. pp. 269–282.
Thomas, S.M., DiCosimo, R. and Nagarajan, V. (2002) Biocatalysis: applications and
potentials for the chemical industry. TIBTECH 20, 238–242.
Thygesen, A., Thomsen, A.B., Schmidt, A.S., Jorgensen, H., Ahring, B.K. and Olsson, L.
(2003) Production of cellulose and hemicellulose degrading enzymes by
filamentous fungi cultivated on wet oxidized wheat straw. Enzyme
Microbiology Technology, 32, 606-615.
Todorovic, R.M., Matavuji, M.N. and Grujic, S.A. (1987) The hydrolysis of carbohydrates
from wheat straw by enzymes from G. virens and T. harzianum molds. J. Serb.
Chem. Soc., 52, 133-137.
Tolan, J.S. and Foody, B. (1999). Cellulase from Submerged Fermentation. Advances in
Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, 65, 42-54
210
Ueda M., Koo H., and Wakida T., “Cellulase treatment of cotton fabrics Part II: Inhibitory
effect of surfactants on cellulase catalytic reaction”, Textile Research Journal
64, 615-618 (1994)
Umikalsom, M.S., Ariff, A.B., Shamsuddin, Z. H., Tong, C.C., Hassan, M.A. and Karim,
M.T. A. (1997) Production of cellulase by a wild strain of Chaetomium
globosum using delignified oil palm empty-fruit-bunch fiber as substrate.
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 47, 590-595
Underkofler, L.A, Barton, R.R. and Rennert, S.S. (1958) Production of microbial enzymes
and their applications. Applied Microbiology 6, 212–221.
UNEP. (1999) International cleaner production information clearinghouse, CD Version 1.
Paris7 United Nations Environment Programme, Division of Technology,
Industry and Economics. (www.emcentre.com/unepweb/.)
Updegraff, D.M. (1971) Utilization of cellulose from waste paper by Myrothecium
verrucaria. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13, 77-97.
vanKuyk, P.A., Cheetham, B.F. and Katz, M.E. (2000). Analysis of two Aspergillus
nidulans genes encoding extracellular proteases. Fungal Genetics and Biology
29, 201-210.
vanWyk, J.P. (2001) Biotechnology and the utilization of biowaste as a resource for
bioproduct development. Trends in Biotechnology 19, 172–177.
Venardos, D., Klei, H. E. and Sundstrom, D. W. (1980). Conversion of cellobiose to
glucose using immobilized β-glucosidase reactors. Enzyme Microbial
Technology 2, 112-116.
211
Vieille, C. and Zeikus, G.J. (2001) Hyperthermophilic enzymes: sources, uses, and
molecular mechanisms for thermostability. Microbiology Moleculor Biology
Reviews. 65, 1–43
Viikari, L. and Alapuranen, M., Puranen, T., Vehmaanper, J. and Siika-aho, M. (2007).
Thermostable Enzymes in Lignocellulose Hydrolysis. Advances in Biochemical
Engineering and Biotechnology 108, 121–145.
Vohra, A. and Satyanarayana, T. (2003) Phytases: microbial sources, production,
purification and potential biotechnological applications. Critical Reviwes of
Biotechnology 23, 29–60.
Voorhorst, W.G.B., Gueguen, Y., Geerling, A.C.M., Schut, G., Dahlke, I., Thomm, M.,
Vanderoost, J. and Devos, W.M (1999) Transcriptional regulation in the
hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus: coordinated expression of
divergently oriented genes in response to ß-linked glucose polymers. Journal of
Bacteriology 181, 3777- 3783.
Voragen, A.G., Beldman, J.G., Rombouts, F.M. (1988) Cellulases of a mutant strain of
Trichoderma viridie QM 9414. Methods in Enzymology 160, 243–251.
Walsh, G. (2002) Industrial enzymes: proteases and carbohydrases. In: Proteins;
Biochemistry and Biotechnology. John Wiley and Sons. Ltd.
Wang, W., Liu, J., Chen, G., Zhang, Y., Gao, P. (2003) Function of a low molecular
weight peptide from Trichoderma pseudokoningii S38 during cellulose
biodegradation. Current Microbiology 46, 371–9.
212
Watanabe, T., T. Sato, S. Yoshioka, T. Koshijima, and M. Kuwahara (1992) Purification
and properties of Aspergillus niger β-glucosidase. Europian Journal of
Biochemistry 209, 651-659.
Wejse, P.L., Ingvorsen, K. and Mortensen, K.K. (2003). Xylanase production by a novel
halophilic bacterium increased 20-fold by response surface methodology,
Enzyme Microbial Technology 32, 721–727.
Wheelwright, S. M. (1987). Designing downstream processes for large scale protein
purification. Bioresource Technology 5, 789-793.
Wood, T., M,, McCrac, S.I. (1978) The cellulase of Trichoderma koningii Purification and
properties of some endoglucanase components with special reference to their
action on cellulose when acting alone and in synergism with the
cellobiohydrolase. Biochemistry Journal 171, 61–72.
Wood, T.M. and Bhat, M.K. (1988), Methods for measuring cellulase activities. Methods
in Enzymology, 160, 87-112.
Wood, T.M. and Garica-Campayo, V. Enzymology of cellulose degradation.
Biodegradation 1, 147–61.
Wood, T.M. and McCrae, S.I. (1986) The cellulase of Penicillium pinophilum.
Biochemistry Journal 234, 93-99.
Wood, T.M., McCrae, S.I. and Bhat, K.M. (1989) The mechanism of fungal cellulase
action. Synergism between enzyme components of Penicillium pinophilurn
cellulase in solubilizing hydrogen bond-ordered cellulose. Biochemistry
Journal 260, 37-43.
213
Woodward, J, Wiseman, A. (1982) Fungal and other β-D-glucosidases and their properties
and applications. Enzyme Microbial Technology 4, 73-79.
Woodward, J. and Wohlpart, D.L. (1982). Properties of native and immobilized
preparations of β-o-glucosidase from Aspergillus niger. Journal of Chemical
Technology and Biotechnology 32, 547-552.
Woodward, J. and A. Wiseman, (1982) Fungal and other β-D-glucosidases: their
properties and applications. Enzyme Microbial Technology 4, 73-79.
Woodward, J., Krasniak, S. R., Smith, R. D., Spillberg, F. and Zachvy, G. S. (1982).
Preparation and characterization of β-o-glucosidase immobilized in calcium
alginate. Biotechnology and Bioengineering Syrup 12, 485-489.
Wu, L. and Ju, L. (1998) Enhancing enzymatic saccharification of waste newsprint by
surfactant addition. Biotechnology Progress 14, 649-652.
Wu, L., Yuan, X. and Sheng, J. (2005). Immobilization of cellulase in nanofibrous PVA
membranes by electrospinning. Journal of Membrane Science 250, 167-173
Wyman, C.E. (1994) Ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass: technology, economics, and
opportunities. Bioresource Technology 50, 3–15.
Wyman, C.E. (1999) Biomass ethanol: technical progress, opportunities, and commercial
challenges. Annual Review of Energy and Environment 24, 189-226.
Wyman, C.E. (2003) Potential synergies and challenges in refining cellulosic biomass to
fuels, chemicals, and power. Biotechnology Progress 19, 254–262.
Xie, Y., Y. Gao, and Z. Chen (2004). Purification and characterization of an extracellular
β-D-glucosidase with high transglucosylation activity and stability From
214
Aspergillus niger No. 5.1. Appllied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 119, 229-
240.
Xing, N.W., Xiang, T.R. and Kai, LOGYJ. (2008) Xylactam, a new nitrogen-containing
compound from the fruiting bodies of ascomycete Xylaria euglossa. Journal of
Antibiotics 58, 268–70.
Xu, F., Hongzhang, C. and Zuohu, L. (2002) Effect of periodically dynamic changes of air
on cellulase production in solid state fermentation. Enzyme Microbiol
Technology 30, 45-48.
Yamane, K., Suzuki, H., Hirotani, M., Ozawa, H. and Nisizawa, K. (1970) Effect of nature
and supply of carbon sources on cellulase formation in Pseudomonas
fluorescens var. cellulosa. Journal of Biochemistry 67, 9-28.
Yan, T.R. and C.L. Lin (1997) Purification and characterization of a glucose tolerant β-D-
glucosidase from Aspergillus niger CCRC 31494. Bioscience Biotechnology
and Biochemistry 61, 965-970.
Yeoh, H.H, Tan, T.K., and Koh, S.K. (1986). Kinetic Properties of β-glucosidase from
Aspergillus ornatus. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 25, 25-28.
Yubin, G. E, Burmaa, B. Zhang, S. Wang, S., Zhou, H. and Li, W. (1997).
Co-
immobilization of cellulase and glucose isomerase by molecular deposition
technique. Biotechnology and Biotechniques 11, 359-36.
Zanoelo, F.F. Maria de Lourdes Teixeira de Moraes Polizeli, Hector Francisco Terenzi,
and Joao Atılio Jorge (2004) β-D-glucosidase activity from the thermophilic
fungus Scytalidium thermophilum is stimulated by glucose and xylose. FEMS
Microbiology Letters 240, 137-143.
215
Zhang, C., Li, D., Yu, H., Zhang, B. and Jin, F. (2007) Purification and characterization of
piceid-β-D-glucosidase from Aspergillus oryzae. Process Biochemistry 42, 83–
88.
Zhang, Y.H.P., Lynd, L.R. (2004) Toward an aggregated understanding of enzymatic
hydrolysis of cellulose: noncomplexed cellulase systems. Biotechnology and
Bioengineering 88, 797–824.
Zosel, T. (1994) Pollution prevention in the chemical industry. In: Edgerly D, editor.
Opportunities for innovation: Pollution prevention. Gaithersburg, USA7
National Institute of Standards and Technology 13–25.
Zuniga, M., Miralles, M. C. and Perez-Martı´nez, G. (2002) The product of arcR, the sixth
gene of the arc operon of Lactobacillus sakei, is essential for expression of the
arginine deiminase pathway. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68,
6051–6058.
Zverlov, V., Mahr, S., Riedel, K. and Bronnenmeier, K .(1998) Properties and gene
structure of a bifunctional cellulolytic enzyme (CelA) from the extreme
thermophile Anaerocellum thermophilum with separate glycosyl hydrolase
family 9 and 48 catalytic domains. Microbiology 143, 3537–3542.
Szengyel, Z., Zacchi, G., Varga, A. and Reczey, K. (2000) Cellulase Production of
Trichoderma reesei Rut C 30 Using Steam-Pretreated Spruce. Applied
Biochemistry and Biotechnology 84, 679-691
Rasor, J.P. and Voss, E. (2001) Enzyme-catalyzed processes in pharmaceutical industry.
Applied Catalogy A: General 221, 145–158.
216
Patil, S. G., Patil, B. G., Bastawde, K. B. and Gokhale, D. V. (1995) Supplementation with
skim milk enhances the cellulolytic activity of fungi Biotechnology letters 17,
631-634
Muthuvelayudham, R. and Viruthagiri, T. (2005) Biodegradation of sugarcane bagasse
using T. reesei cellulase protein. Ind. Chemical Engineering Congress. 310-
311.
Wiseman (1994) Better by design: biocatalysts for the future. Chemistry in Britain, 30,
571–573.