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GUIDED TOURSTO INCA’S HERITAGE

DISCOVER

INCAa cultural tripthrough the evolution

of the city

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Medieval Inca. Gothic sculpture.

Medieval Inca. Gothic sculptureSpeaker: Guillem Alexandre Reus i Planells, art historian.

The churches of Inca house up to ten medieval sculptural pieces that are dated to the 14th and 15th centuries. The most abundant iconography of our town is Christological. In Inca, we have up to five medieval Christs: the Sant Crist de la Sang, the Sant Crist del Davallament, the Sant Crist de Sant Francesc, the Sant Crist del Cementerio de las Jerònimes and the Sant Crist del Cor de las Jerònimes; two images of the Virgin Mary: Santa Maria la Mayor and Nostra Senyora de Gràcia or Àngels; two hagiographical representations: Santa Magdalena and Sant Eloi, and a series of light-bearing angels. Therefore, the numerous medieval images preserved in our town reveal, once again, the importance of Inca during the Gothic centuries, as well as the need to ornament its five churches so as to cover the demand of devotion and worship of the faithful.

Church and museum of the monastery of Sant Bartomeu31

Les Monges street, no. 128

The Christ of La SangThe “Sant Crist de la Sang” of Inca is located in one of the side chapels of the church of the Sant Bartomeu monastery. The piece dates from the first decade of the 14th century. It would appear to be imported from Sardinia, and would have served as a model for subsequent creations in Mallorcan workshops. In formal terms, the most outstanding feature is the rendering of intense pathos and great pain, and the way the body is treated manifests physical exhaustion from the suffering during the Passion.

The Christ of Monks of St. Jerome CemeteryThis Christ dates back to the 16th century and is currently in the rooms of the museum of the monastery of Sant Bartomeu. It is an example of how the diffusion of the typology of the Gothic suffering Christ reached the early years of the 16th century. Formally speaking, the piece shows certain traits that are

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similar to, and indeed typical of Gothic, even though one can already glimpse other characteristics denoting progress in the execution which bring the image closer to the new artistic style of the Renaissance, such as a more serene face for example, and a body treated with greater volume.

Christ of the Heart of Monks of St. JeromeThe “Crist del Cor de las Jerònimes” is an image that is currently kept in the monastery of Sant Bartomeu. The piece dates from the 16th century and has highly advanced formal features, characteristic of the new Renaissance style. The body has clearly gained in volume and in it the suffering, pain and pathos have diminished considerably.

Saint MagdaleneThis image is kept in the museum of the monastery of Sant Bartomeu. It is a gilt polychrome alabaster carving dating from the 16th century. Its formal traits insert it within the late Gothic style. Although the artist treats movement at the front, at the rear of the image the fall is straight and, in spite of the curve, it is still a hieratic figure, something that is particularly noticeable when one observes the figure in profile.

Light-bearing angelsThese two images that represent two acolyte angels bearing a candle are conserved in the museum of the monastery of Sant Bartomeu. They are freestanding figures made of gilt polychrome wood dated to the 16th century. Formally, they fall within the late Gothic style and show very little expressiveness, devoid as they are of movement in the body and in the treatment of the clothing, and displaying great frontality.

Chuch and museum of Santa Maria la Major29

Santa Maria la Major square

Saint Mary MajorThe image of “Nostra Senyora Santa Maria la Major” is a freestanding sculpture made of polychrome wood that presides over the largest parish church in our

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town. It is a marededéu, or mother of god, enthroned in a seat of honour and presiding over the church accompanied by the Child Jesus. Some outstanding formal features of the image are its humanity and the realism it exudes, as well as the amiability and harmony emanating from the faces of both the Virgin Mary and the Child Jesus, and also greater delicacy in the creases of the clothing. This piece is attributed to the French artist Pere de San Juan and dated to around 1400.

Christ of DescensionThis Christ can be seen in the Parroquial Museum installations. It is a sculptural piece dating from the 15th century, and it falls under the classification of Gothic suffering Christs. We should make the observation that this is the only articulated Gothic Christ to have survived in Mallorca. In formal terms, it stands out for the fact that, whilst in general it maintains the characteristics typical of this kind of image, some of the features have been softened. The lessening of the pathos is evident in the facial expression, but also in the rest of the body.

Church of the convent of Sant Francesc2

El Vent street, no. 10

Christ of Sant FrancescThis Christ is on the Gospel side of the presbytery in the Franciscan church. The image, which dates back to the 15th century, belongs to the Christological typology known by the name of Gothic suffering Christ, a model that came from Sardinia and also from the German Rhineland region, where they proliferated from the end of the 14th century on. The “Crist de Sant Francesc” presents formal characteristics similar to the “Cristo de la Sangre” in Inca’s church of Sant Bartomeu. Although it has closed eyes and a more serene face than that of Sant Bartomeu, it is in the body that we can see a more exaggerated suffering, as well as great tension in the muscles and tendons. The formal features, which have been softened in comparison to other medieval pieces, lead one to think that this is a work made in a local workshop, and that the artist was incapable of depicting the exaggerated suffering of other original Christs.

Our Lady of Grace or AngelsThis image of the Virgin Mary is located beside the Epistle of the presbytery of the church of Sant Francesc. It is a sculptural piece dating from around

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Medieval Inca. Gothic sculpture.

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the year 1500 and belonging to the marededéus sagrari typology. The main characteristics of these pieces are their large dimensions and also the fact that they include a receptacle for storing the Blessed Sacrament. Because of their function, these pieces would usually preside over the main altar of churches.

This image is located above a polygonal base decorated with angels. She carries the Child Jesus, who rests on the left arm. It stands out for its frontality and extremely hieratic attitude. The image is adorned with gilt, polychrome and a large crown.

Saint EligiusA niche of the altarpiece in the chapel dedicated to the virgin in the church of the Friars Minor contains a small image representing Saint Eligius. It is a freestanding image, made of gilt polychrome wood by an anonymous artist, and has been dated to the 16th century. It can be seen as a transition piece between Gothic and Renaissance. The most outstanding traits of the Gothic tradition are its facial features, the large almond-shaped eyes and its inexpressiveness, as well as the size of the hands. The clothing and footwear are still treated in Gothic style. And yet, the attempt at contrapposto seen at the waist, and the pictorial decoration of the clothing noticeably follow the Renaissance tradition.

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CARRER DE LA PORTA DEL REI

CARRER DE MANCOR

CARRER DE SA MUNTANYETA

CARRER DEL REI

C. SANT JOAN BAPTISTA DE LA SALLE

C. DE LES MONGES

CARRER DE LES COVES

DE MARTÍ

CARRER DE FORMENTOR

AVINGUDA D’ALCUDIA

AVINGUDA D’ALCUDIA

CARRER BERENGUER D’ANOIA

CARRER DELS JOCS

CARRER DE JESÚS

C. NOUC. DEL SOL

C. DEL BARCO

CARRER MOSSEN ANDREU CAIMARI

CARRER DE POLLENÇA

DE LLEVANTC. DE LA FO

NT

C. DE LA PURESA

AVIN

GUDA

DE

LLU

C

CARRER

CARRER

CARRER DE JOVER

CARRER DE BINIAMAR

SANT DOMINGO C. JAUME ARM

ENGOL

CARRER DE LA

CARRER DELS AMOGAVERSCARRER

LLORENÇ M. DURÁN

AVINGUDA DE LES GERMANIES

C. D’EN TROBAT

C. DE PONENT BISBE LLOMPART

C. ANTONI FLUXÀ

AVINGUDA GENERAL LUQUE

CARRER DE FRA JUNIPER SERRA

ANTONI BESTARD

C. SON ODRE

C. JAUME SALORD

MURTA

DE LA PAU

CARRER C. DEL BORN

CAMPANA DE LA MOSTRA

CARRER SANT FRANCESC

ANGELCREU

PERLA

GRAN VIA DE COLOM

AVINGUDA DEL RAIGUER

AVINGUDA DEL TREN

CARRER DE JAUME I

CARRER DE JAUME II

AVINGUDA DELS REIS CATOLICS

C. DEL VENT

C. SANTA TERESA

C. DEL CALL C. DE CAN

VALELLA

VIRTUT

C. BLANQUERNA

MIQUEL M

IR

AVINGUDA ANTONI MAURA

CORONA D’ARAGÓ

CARRER DE CABRIT I BASSA

CARRER DE RAMON I CAJAL

CARRER DE SANT ANTONI

CARRER DE SANT

BARTOMEU

SANTSEBASTIÀ

DURETA

C. MAJOR

COMERÇ

C. GARROVERS C. HOSTALS

FRA RAFEL SERRA

C. TEATRE

C. JARDÍ

C. SOLETAT

C. DELS PARAIRES

C. D’EN PALMER

C. BARTOMEU COC

C. CAN VIDAL

COLL

PLAÇALLIBERTAT

PLAÇAESPANYA

PLAÇAORIENT

PLAÇADE MALLORCA

PLAÇADEL BESTIAR

PLAÇAMARIA

LA MAJOR

PLAÇADES BANQUER

PLAÇAQUARTERA

C. D’ARTÀ

C. JOANOT COLOM

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CARRER DE LA PORTA DEL REI

CARRER DE MANCOR

CARRER DE SA MUNTANYETA

CARRER DEL REI

C. SANT JOAN BAPTISTA DE LA SALLE

C. DE LES MONGES

CARRER DE LES COVES

DE MARTÍ

CARRER DE FORMENTOR

AVINGUDA D’ALCUDIA

AVINGUDA D’ALCUDIA

CARRER BERENGUER D’ANOIA

CARRER DELS JOCS

CARRER DE JESÚS

C. NOUC. DEL SOL

C. DEL BARCO

CARRER MOSSEN ANDREU CAIMARI

CARRER DE POLLENÇA

DE LLEVANTC. DE LA FO

NT

C. DE LA PURESA

AVIN

GUDA

DE

LLU

C

CARRER

CARRER

CARRER DE JOVER

CARRER DE BINIAMAR

SANT DOMINGO C. JAUME ARM

ENGOL

CARRER DE LA

CARRER DELS AMOGAVERSCARRER

LLORENÇ M. DURÁN

AVINGUDA DE LES GERMANIES

C. D’EN TROBAT

C. DE PONENT BISBE LLOMPART

C. ANTONI FLUXÀ

AVINGUDA GENERAL LUQUE

CARRER DE FRA JUNIPER SERRA

ANTONI BESTARD

C. SON ODRE

C. JAUME SALORD

MURTA

DE LA PAU

CARRER C. DEL BORN

CAMPANA DE LA MOSTRA

CARRER SANT FRANCESC

ANGELCREU

PERLA

GRAN VIA DE COLOM

AVINGUDA DEL RAIGUER

AVINGUDA DEL TREN

CARRER DE JAUME I

CARRER DE JAUME II

AVINGUDA DELS REIS CATOLICS

C. DEL VENT

C. SANTA TERESA

C. DEL CALL C. DE CAN

VALELLA

VIRTUTC. BLANQUERNA

MIQUEL M

IR

AVINGUDA ANTONI MAURA

CORONA D’ARAGÓ

CARRER DE CABRIT I BASSA

CARRER DE RAMON I CAJAL

CARRER DE SANT ANTONI

CARRER DE SANT

BARTOMEU

SANTSEBASTIÀ

DURETA

C. MAJOR

COMERÇ

C. GARROVERS C. HOSTALS

FRA RAFEL SERRA

C. TEATRE

C. JARDÍ

C. SOLETAT

C. DELS PARAIRES

C. D’EN PALMER

C. BARTOMEU COC

C. CAN VIDAL

COLL

PLAÇALLIBERTAT

PLAÇAESPANYA

PLAÇAORIENT

PLAÇADE MALLORCA

PLAÇADEL BESTIAR

PLAÇAMARIA

LA MAJOR

PLAÇADES BANQUER

PLAÇAQUARTERA

C. D’ARTÀ

C. JOANOT COLOM

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1 Sant Domingo

2 Sant Francesc

3 Les escultures del sabater i la sabatera

4 Monument a Antoni Fluxà Figuerola

5 El Museu del Calçat i de la Pell

6 Sa Quartera

7 Can Fluxà

8 Can Mir

9 Teatre Principal

10 Can Janer

11 Can Florencio

12 Antic Hotel Domingo/Centre Parroquial

13 Can Amengual/Cas Metge Cifre

14 Ca n’Ensenyat

15 Antic Club Velocipedista d’Inca

16 Can Beltran

17 Antiga tintoreria de Bartomeu Fiol

18 Can Fiol/Can Ramis

19 Can Ribot

20 Can Marquès

21 Can Piritis

22 Merceria La Florida

23 La Lealtad

24 La Giralda

25 Casa del fotògraf Fiol

26 Cas Baster

27 Can Fullana

28 Cas Metge Amengual/Can Domènech

29 Església parroquial de Santa Maria

30 El pou de la Font Vella

31 Església de Sant Bartomeu

32 El molinar d’Inca

33 El primer call d’Inca

34 Can Monroig i el call d’Inca

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35 Santa Magdalena 36 Talaiot de s’Ermita 37 Cementeri d’Inca 38 Son Vivot

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L’EDITA:

HI COL·LABOREN:

COMISSIÓ CIENTÍFICA DE LES JORNADES

D’ESTUDIS LOCALS D’INCA