6 chapter 6: the internet 1 intrusion attempts an intrusion is any access to data or programs by...

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Chapter 6: The Internet 1

Intrusion Attempts An intrusion is any access to data or programs by hackers,

criminals, or other unauthorized persons

Looking for open ports is one of the most common ways of gaining unauthorized access to a network-based computer

A port probe (or port scan) uses automated software to locate computers that have open ports and are vulnerable to unauthorized access

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Securing Ports One of the easiest steps to

enhance your computer’s security is to turn it off when you aren’t using it

A firewall is software or hardware designed to filter out suspicious packets attempting to enter or leave a computer

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Virtual Private Networks It is possible to secure remote connections by setting up

virtual private network (VPN) access to a remote access server in the corporate office

Access to a VPN is usually by invitation only. Employees who need to access a VPN are given the necessary instructions, addresses, and passwords to make connections

How will you utilize the internet in your IT professional career?

What is the Web?

• an Internet service that offers a vast collection of documents, graphics, digitized video clips, and sound files that can be accessed by following links

What does VPN stand for?

• Virtual Private Network

What does ISP stand for?

• Internet Service Provider

The Web & Email

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Chapter 7: The Web and E-mail 9

Web Basics The Web is a collection of document, image, video, and

sound files A Web site contains a collection of related information

Internet & The Web

• Internet: a vast network designed to transfer data from one computer to another

• The Web: a collection of document, image, video, and sound files

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Web Basics A Web server accepts requests from browsers

A Web page is the product or output of one or more Web-based files displayed in a format similar to a page in a book

A Web browser is client software that displays Web page elements and handles links between pages

Every Web page has a unique address called a URL

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HTML Set of specifications for creating documents that a browser

can display as a Web page

• HTML: Stands for Hyper Text Markup Language. Predominant markup language for web pages.

• XHTML: Stands for Extensible Hyper Text Markup Language. Family of XML markup languages that mirror or extend versions of widely used HTML.

• DHTML: Stands for Dynamic Hyper Text Markup Language. Collection of technologies used together to create interactive and animated web sites.

http://www.w3schools.com/

HTTP

• Stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol– networking protocol for distributed, collaborative,

hypermedia information systems– it is the foundation of data communication for the

World Wide Web

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Web Browsers Help you access Web pages

Upgrade to new browser versions as they become available

Popular browsers:– Internet Explorer– Mozilla Firefox– Apple Safari– Netscape Navigator– Opera

Do you have a favorite browser?

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Web Browsers Helper applications extend browser’s ability to work with file

formats– A plug-in is a type of helper application (ex. QuickTime,

Flash)– A player is any helper

application or plug-in that helps a browser display a particular file format

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Cookies Small chunk of data generated by a Web server and stored

in a text file on computer’s hard disk– can be used for authentication, storing site preferences, shopping

cart contents, etc.

Your computer does not have to accept cookies

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Web Page Authoring Online Web authoring tools

Web authoring software– Adobe Dreamweaver– Microsoft Expression

Web

Text editor

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HTML Scripts HTML scripts can perform complicated tasks and respond to

user actions– HTML forms– Server-side script– Client-side script– Java applet– ActiveX control

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Search Engine Basics A Web search engine is a program designed to help people

locate information on the Web by formulating simple keyword queries

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Search Engine Basics A Web crawler is a computer program that is automated to methodically

visit Web sites

A search engine indexer is software that pulls keywords from a Web page and stores them in a database

A search engine’s query processor looks for your search terms in search engine’s indexed database and returns a list of relevant Web sites

Link popularity is measured by quantity and quality of links from one Web page to others

A meta keyword is entered into a header section of a Web page when it is created and is supposed to describe the page contents

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Citing Web-Based Source Material

To copy a passage of textfrom a Web page, highlightthe text, click the Editmenu, then select Copy.Next, switch to your owndocument and use thePaste option.

7 Citing Web-Based Source Material


For APA formatting I recommend using Purdue Owl to help with citing sources

http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/



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E-commerce Basics Business transactions conducted

electronically over a computer network– B2C (business-to-consumer)– C2C (consumer-to-consumer)– B2B (business-to-business)– B2G (business-to-government)

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E-commerce Basics Enhances traditional business models

Styles of online advertisements– Banner ad– Hover ad– Pop-up ad

• Click-through rate

Ad-blocking software prevents ads from appearing on screens

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Online Shopping

In a typical shoppingsession, you connect toan online storefront anduse navigation controlsto browse through themerchant’s catalog. Asyou browse, you candrop items into yourelectronic shopping cart.At the checkout counter,you enter the informationnecessary to pay for theitems you selected.

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Online Auctions An online auction is the

electronic equivalent to good old-fashioned yard sales, rummage sales, and auctions

You can expect to bid on new, used, closeout, overstock, or refurbished items at an online auction

Computer software takes the place of an auctioneer

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Online Payment The most popular ways to make online payments include

submitting your credit card number directly to a merchant and using a third-party payment service such as PayPal

Online shoppers are justifiably worried that personal information and credit card numbers supplied in the course of an e-commerce transaction might be hijacked and used inappropriately

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Online Payment A secure connection encrypts the data transmitted between

your computer and a Web site• SSL (Secure Sockets Layer)• TLS (Transport Layer Security)• S-HTTP (secure HTTP)

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Online Payment Person-to-person payments

are an alternative to credit cards– The payment service is

the only entity that sees your credit card number

An electronic wallet is software that stores billing and shipping information

Social Networking & Professional Networking

• Social Networks– Facebook– MySpace– Twitter

• Professional Networks– LinkedIn

TED Video

http://www.ted.com/talks/chris_anderson_how_web_video_powers_global_innovation.html



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E-Mail Overview Any person with an e-mail account can send and receive e-

mail messages

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E-Mail Overview Basic e-mail activities

– Writing– Reading– Replying to– Forwarding

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E-Mail Overview E-mail attachments are files that travel with an e-mail

message

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Netiquette Internet etiquette

– Meaningful subject– Use uppercase and lowercase letters– Check spelling– Be careful what you send– Be polite– Be cautious with sarcasm and humor

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Netiquette– Use smileys and text messaging shorthand

cautiously

– Use the Bcc function for group mailings

– Don’t send replies to all recipients

– Don’t send huge attachments

– Explain attachments

– Stay alert for viruses

– Notify recipients of viruses

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E-mail Technology E-mail systems carry and manipulate e-mail messages

Three types of e-mail systems widely used today:– POP (Post Office Protocol)– IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol)– Web-based e-mail

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E-mail Technology Web-based e-mail accounts allow you to use a browser to

access your e-mail messages

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Spam Spam is unwanted electronic junk mail about medical

products, low-cost loans, and fake software upgrades that arrives in your online mailbox

A spam filter is a type of utility software that captures unsolicited e-mail messages before they reach your inbox

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Phishing Phishing is an e-mail based scam designed to persuade you

to reveal confidential information, such as your bank account number or Social Security number

If you don’t want to become a phishing victim, be suspicious of e-mail messages that supposedly come from banks, ISPs, online payment services, operating system publishers, and online merchants

7 Fake Sites A fake Web site looks

legitimate, but has been created by a third party to be a very clever replica of a legitimate Web site

Pharming is an exploit that redirects users to fake sites by poisoning a domain name server with a false IP address


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