5g and ‘real’ 5g€¦ · a glimpse into the future —everyday ar glasses ©3g4g 4 a glimpse...

5G and ‘Real’ 5GZAHID GHADIALY

23 JULY 2020

@3g4gUK

Evolution of Mobile Phones

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Focus area for different technology generations

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Data

Speed / Throughput

Connection Density Latency / Delay

Voice +

SMS

2G Focus area

3G Focus area

4G Focus area

5G Focus area

Mobile Technology Evolution

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1G

Analog 2G

Voice only, Limited coverage and

mobility. Example: AMPS

Digital 3G

Improved voice, security, coverage. SMS, data. Example

GSM, CDMA

Mobile Data 4G

Higher data rates, smartphones, better voice.

Example: HSPA / HSPA+

Mobile Broadband

5G

High speed data, better

smartphones. Example: LTE / LTE-

A

eMBB, mMTC, URLLC

Even higher speeds, ultra-reliable, low

latency, high connection density

1980 1990 2000 2010 2020

3GPP Releases Timeline

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R99 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 R12 R13 R14 R15 R16 R17 R18 R19 R20 R21 R22

1999 2002 2009 2011 2016 2019 2022

3G

3.5G (HSDPA)

3GPP Release Dates on 3GPP Portal

4G

Real 4G (LTE-A)

2025

4.5G (LTE-A Pro)

2029

5G

6G

5.5G?

Red text indicates dates and features are not confirmed

https://portal.3gpp.org/#/55934-releases


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Data

Speed / Throughput


2G, 3G, 4G

5G

Comparison of 2G, 3G, 4G & 5G technologies

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Speed Latency Connection Density

Connection Speed, Latency & Density Comparison

2G 3G 4G 5G

Example only.Not according to scale

IMT-2020 High Level Vision

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eMBB (enhanced Mobile Broadband) – Capacity Enhancement & Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) – High Speed Home / SOHO Broadband

mMTC (massive Machine Type Communications) –Massive connectivity

URLLC (Ultra-reliable and Low-latency communications) –High reliability, Low latency

Gigabytes in a second

Sensor

Work and play in the cloud

Industrial and vehicular automation

Augmented/Virtual reality

Mission critical broadband

Self-driving car

3D video 4K screens

Smart-city cameras

Voice

Sensor Network

Smart Homes

ITU recommendation ITU-R M.2083-0

https://www.itu.int/rec/R-REC-M.2083/en

IMT-2020 Requirements

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10 years battery life

M2MUltra low cost

100 x More devices than 4G

>10 GbpsPeak data rates

100 MbpsWhenever needed

10000 xMore traffic than 4G

URUltra-Reliable

(99.999%)

< 1 msLow latency on radio interface

1,000,000devices per km2

ITU-R IMT-2020 requirements


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M2MUltra low cost





URUltra-Reliable

(99.999%)




Reliability?

Reliability / Availability

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Reliability/Availability %Downtime

per yearDowntime per month

Downtime per week

Downtime per day

99% ("two nines") 3.65 d 7.31 h 1.68 h 14.40 m

99.9% ("three nines") 8.77 h 43.83 m 10.08 m 1.44 m

99.99% ("four nines") 52.60 m 4.38 m 1.01 m 8.64 s

99.999% ("five nines") 5.26 m 26.30 s 6.05 s 864.00 ms

99.9999% ("six nines") 31.56 s 2.63 s 604.80 ms 86.40 ms

99.99999% ("seven nines") 3.16 s 262.98 ms 60.48 ms 8.64 ms

99.999999% ("eight nines") 315.58 ms 26.30 ms 6.05 ms 864.00 μs

• Availability is a measure of the % of time the equipment is in an operable state while reliability is a measure of how long the item performs its intended function.

• Generally speaking a reliable machine has high availability, but an available machine may or may not be very reliable.


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M2MUltra low cost





URUltra-Reliable

(99.999%)




Latency?

Latency

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Latency is generally defined as the time it takes for a source to send a packet of data to a receiver. In simple terms, half of Ping time. This is also referred to as one way latency.

Sometimes the term Round trip latency or round trip time (RTT) is also used to define latency. This is the same as ping time.


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M2MUltra low cost





URUltra-Reliable

(99.999%)




M2M, MTC & IoT

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Source: Ericsson

• Machine-Type Communications (MTC) is 3GPP defined name for generic Machine-to-Machine (M2M)• IoT can simply be defined as M2M/MTC with Intelligence in the Cloud

URLLCMassive

M2M/MTC (mMTC)

Standalone vs Non-Standalone

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Based on original by Ericsson

4G Core Network

4G Access Network


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Data

Speed / Throughput


4G


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4G Core Network

4G Access Network

5G Access Network


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Data

Speed / Throughput


4GNon-Standalone 5G

You've Got 5G!!!

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UK Japan China


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5G Core Network

5G Access Network


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Data

Speed / Throughput


Standalone 5G

Different Flavours of 5G

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Importance of Frequency selection

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2.1GHz 900MHz

Higher frequency means faster

decay

Lower frequency means more number of users in a

given cell

Higher frequency gets reflected from walls and have poor penetration

Lower frequency gets attenuated from walls but

still penetrates

5G: Multiple Layers for multiple needs

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Coverage LayerSub-1GHz

Capacity Layer1GHz – 7.125GHz

High Throughput Layers24.25GHz – 52.6GHz

Typical Operator Spectrum – 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G

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2G

3G

4G

5G

FR1 – 410 MHz to 7.125 GHz FR2 – 24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz

5G Use Cases

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Video Monitoring

Mobile Cloud Computing

Industrial Automation Vehicle

to Infrastructure

Vehicleto

Vehicle(V2V)

Vehicleto

Pedestrian (V2P)

Health Care Monitoring

Remote Surgery

Public Safety

Wearables

Social Networking

Video Calling Virtual Meetings

Virtual Reality/Augmented Reality

FixedWireless

UHD Video

Smart Home / Smart Cities

Extreme Mobile Broadband (eMBB)

Massive Scale Communication(mMTC)

Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Service(URLLC)

Human to Human Human to Machine Machine to Machine

Source: 5G Americas

Enhanced MBB• 20/10 Gbps DL/UL*

• 4 ms user plane latency

• 500 km/h mobility

Massive MTC• 1 million devices / km2

• 10+ years battery life• 20 dB coverage

enhancement

URLLC• 1 ms user plane

latency• Highly secure /

resilient• 99.99999% availability

* Peak theoretical rate

5G Use Cases

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High Data Rates

Ultra-Reliability

& Low Latency

High Density

5G Use Cases

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Augmented reality (AR)

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In Augmented Reality (AR), virtual information and objects are overlaid on the real world. This experience enhances the real world with digital images, text, and animation.

Extended reality

LG U+ AR Dance-Off

AR Games

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Read more on this topic

https://blog.3g4g.co.uk/2019/03/can-augmented-mixed-reality-be-killer.html

Virtual Reality (VR)

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In a Virtual Reality (VR) experience, users are fully immersed in a simulated digital environment. Users must put on a VR headset or head-mounted display (HMD) to get a 360 -degree view of an artificial world

Extended reality

NTT Docomo VR Example

Mixed Reality (MR)

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In Mixed Reality (MR), digital and real-world objects co-exist and can interact with one another in real-time. This is the latest immersive technology and is sometimes referred to as hybrid reality.

Extended reality

Microsoft HoloLens MR Example

Extended Reality (XR)?

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Extended Reality (XR) is an umbrella term for all the immersive technologies.

Extended reality

MRAR VR

XR will impact everyone and everything

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Transform how children learn and play

Tourists exploring historical sites

Families communicating

Working Professionals

Health and Fitness

People with disabilities

Children chasing virtual characters/immersive gaming, students using VR aids

Exploring historical sites through VR seeing them in their original state

Families bought together with life-like communication

Engineerscollaborating on shared design to improve efficiency

Virtual trainers to motivate fitness groups

Experiences that might be impossible or unsafe for them in real life. They can run, ski, ride bikes, and climb mountains.

AR, VR & XR Head Mounted DevicesOculus

HTC Vive

Samsung Gear

Google Cardboard

Powis Cardboard

Microsoft Hololens

Magic Leap

Mira Prism

- Gensler slide

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A glimpse into the future — everyday AR glasses

©3G4G 4

A glimpse into the future — everyday AR glasses

New optics and projection

technologies within a durable,

semitransparent display

Directional speakers

Tracking and recording cameras

Inertial, haptic,

and health sensors

Many passive and active cameras

with fisheye and telephoto lenses

Optoelectronic night vision

and thermal imaging sensors

Ambient light sensors

Multiple high sensitivity

audio microphones

Eye tracking cameras

Bone conduction transducers Multimode connectivity

(4G, 5G, etc.)

Source: Qualcomm

5G Use Cases

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UHD Video

5G Connected Stadiums

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5GPit stop view Drive/car view

5G

Aerial/topview VIP

With 5G, CSPs can offer multiple camera views and virtual reality to thousands at a major sporting event

VR sets Tickets Tablets

Walk on the track

Based on a picture by Nokia

5G Use Cases

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Video Monitoring

Monitoring & Surveillance

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Read more about Samsung & KDDI trials

https://operatorwatch.3g4g.co.uk/2019/03/kddi-and-samsung-strengthen-their-5g.html

5G Use Cases

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FixedWireless

5G Connected Car: In-vehicle infotainment

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Cloud

5G

5G 5G

5G

A dense city center deployment of 5G deliver mobile broadband and infotainment services to customers using public transport Based on a picture by Nokia

Connected Car: Use cases & requirementsUse Cases Requirements Applications

Infotainment High Bandwidth • Browsing• Entertainment • Media (audio, video)• Video conferencing, etc.

Traffic Efficiency Reliability • Navigation• Live Traffic Information• Toll

Traffic Safety Low latency, High reliability • Hazard warning• Collision warning• Co-operative autonomous

cruise control

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Source: ETSI

Telematics & Diagnostics

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Source: Auto Tech Review (link)

https://autotechreview.com/technology/connected-cars-architecture-challenges-and-way-forward

Cellular V2X Concept

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Backend

Vulnerable road users

LTE/5G P2N

LTE/5G V2P

LTE/5G V2N

LTE/5G V2VLTE/5G V2V

LTE/5G V2N

LTE/5G V2I

Traffic lights, roadside

infrastructure

Parking

NB-IoT

Edge Cloud

Local Sensors Local Sensors Local Sensors

V2X – Vehicle to EverythingV2I – Vehicle to InfrastructureV2P – Vehicle to PedestrianV2V – Vehicle to VehicleV2N – Vehicle to NetworkP2N – Pedestrian to Network

V2X in a Smart & Connected City

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Video link

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jc-ZOMwkGRo&list=PLBC3G7CyizTq_sBbkDcg9lWgAQzxxK1Lv&index=29

Private & Industrial Networks

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Video Source: Qualcomm

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U82tIdvrlEA&list=PLBC3G7CyizTrNdlAIuckrXEfD00xiLQXf

Summary of 5G Use Cases

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Video Monitoring

Mobile Cloud Computing

Industrial Automation Vehicle

to Infrastructure

Vehicleto

Vehicle(V2V)

Vehicleto

Pedestrian (V2P)

Health Care Monitoring

Remote Surgery

Public Safety

Wearables

Social Networking

Video Calling Virtual Meetings


FixedWireless

UHD Video


Extreme Mobile Broadband (eMBB)

Massive Scale Communication(mMTC)

Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Service(URLLC)

Human to Human Human to Machine Machine to Machine

Source: 5G Americas

Enhanced MBB• 20/10 Gbps DL/UL*

• 4 ms user plane latency

• 500 km/h mobility

Massive MTC• 1 million devices / km2

• 10+ years battery life• 20 dB coverage

enhancement

URLLC• 1 ms user plane

latency• Highly secure /

resilient• 99.9999% availability

* Peak theoretical rate

Further Study on this topic

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• 3G4G Homepage (link)• 5G Radar - 5G use cases: we reveal what 5G is actually capable of (link)• 3G4G Blog: Examples of 5G Use Cases & Applications (link)• 5G Use Cases YouTube Playlist (link)• 5G Americas whitepaper: 5G Services & Use cases (link)• Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) (link)• 5G eXtended Reality (5G-XR) in 5G System (5GS) (link)• Real-life 5G Use Cases for Verticals from China (link)• 5G Private and Non-Public Network (NPN) (link)• 5G and Industry 4.0 (link)• What is Industrial IoT (IIoT) and how is it different from IoT? (link)

https://www.3g4g.co.uk/

https://www.5gradar.com/features/what-is-5g-these-use-cases-reveal-all

https://blog.3g4g.co.uk/2019/05/examples-of-5g-use-cases-applications.html

https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLBC3G7CyizTq_sBbkDcg9lWgAQzxxK1Lv

https://www.5gamericas.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/5G_Service_and_Use_Cases__FINAL.pdf

https://www.3g4g.co.uk/Training/beginners0022.html

https://blog.3g4g.co.uk/2020/04/5g-extended-reality-5g-xr-in-5g-system.html

https://blog.3g4g.co.uk/2020/03/real-life-5g-use-cases-for-verticals.html

https://blog.3g4g.co.uk/2020/03/5g-private-and-non-public-network-npn.html

https://blog.3g4g.co.uk/2020/02/5g-and-industry-40.html

https://blog.3g4g.co.uk/2019/03/what-is-industrial-iot-iiot-and-how-is.html

Want to learn more 5G?

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Free 5G Training - https://www.free5gtraining.com/

Suggested sequence: 1, 2, 3 but if you are keen to learn some 5G first then do 2, followed by 1, 2 (again) and 3.

X & Y are just for fun; to motivate you about 5G and show use cases and adverts from different operators around the world. They are light and you may enjoy them before you start 1, 2, 3…

https://www.free5gtraining.com/

Thank You

To learn more, visit:

3G4G Website – https://www.3g4g.co.uk/

3G4G Blog – https://blog.3g4g.co.uk/

Telecoms Infrastructure Blog – https://www.telecomsinfrastructure.com/

Operator Watch Blog – https://www.operatorwatch.com/

Connectivity Technology Blog – https://www.connectivity.technology/

Free 5G Training – https://www.free5gtraining.com/

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5g and ‘real’ 5g€¦ · a glimpse into the future —everyday ar glasses ©3g4g 4 a glimpse...

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