ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

65

Upload: derric-maw

Post on 09-Mar-2016

221 views

Category:

Documents


2 download

DESCRIPTION

essay,politic

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)
Page 2: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

yk HE S dy fr Swfwrf;yk HE S dy fr Swfwrf;yk HE S dy fr Swfwrf;yk HE S dy fr Swfwrf;yk HE S dy fr Swfwrf;xkwfa0ol / EdkifiHtusOf;om;rsm;ulnDapmifha&Smufa&;toif;(jrefrmEdkifiH)

xkwfa0jcif; / yxrtBudrf? 2009 ckESpf atmufwdkbmv

rsufESmzHk;ESifhtwGif;'DZdkif; / oD[armifarmif

qufoG,f&ef / P.O Box 93, Maesod, Tak, 63110, ThailandTel: 66(0)55 545 495e.mail: [email protected] website: www.aappb.org

Page 3: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

pDpOfolYpum;pDpOfolYpum;pDpOfolYpum;pDpOfolYpum;pDpOfolYpum;

pmayonf EdkifiHa&;\ MoZmcHr[kwf/ wpHkw&mudk axmufcH&ef? odkUr[kwf uefUuGuf&efonf pmaytEkynm

\ &nf&G,fcsufr[kwfay/ pmayonf tEkynmypönf;jzpfum ,Ofaus;rIudp©jzpfonf/ odkUaomf pmayonf xdkpmayudk

zefwD;ol aexdkifjzwfoef; &aomacwf\ tvif;tarSmif? tqdk;taumif; wdkUudkrl xif[yf azmfjyavonf/

tEkynmzefwD;ol ? pma&;olwd k Uonf avmuxJr S tvSw&m;ud k Bud K ;pm; azmfxkwf Muonf/

rSefuefpGm,Hk MunfrIESif h vlom;\aumif;usdK;csrf;omudk umuG,fapmif ha&Smufjcif;onf urÇmavmuudk

vSyapaomw&m;? opömrnfygonf/ odkUaMumifhyif pmaytEkynm[lonf avmutvSw&m;ESifh,SOfum zl;yGifhaom

yef;[kqdkxdkufonf/ odkUaomf xdkyef;udk pdkufysdK;olwdkUb0um; ajzmifhjzL;vSyjcif; r&Sdwwf/

,HkMunfrItwGuf olUb0\taumif;qHk;tcsdefrsm;udk eH&Hav;bufMum; &if;ESD;jrSKyfESHcJ h? ,ckwzef

&if;ESD;jrSKyfESHqJjzpfaomfvnf; olonf EdkifiHa&;owÅ0grQomr[kwfay/ pum;vHk;rsm;? tawG;pdwful;rsm;jzifh zefwD;cJh

aomfvnf; olonftdyfrufESifh awmupm;aeaom tEkynmonfrQomr[kwf/ olUESvHk;om;onf oefUpif oefrmpGm

vIyfckefaeavonf/ cspfjcif;tm;jzifh ,HkMunfrIonf ydkvdkUvif;vufawmufyvmonf/ olonf oljzwfoef;aom

ordkif;acwfudk &dk;&Sif;vSypGm zGJUEGJUwwfoljzpfaMumif;awGUjrif&onf/ xdktzGJUtEGJUonf ordkif;\ rSefuluGufwcktjzpf

jydK;jyufusefcJhvdrfhrnf[k usaemfwdkU ,HkMunfonf/

olonf vlUtcGifhta&;ESifh 'Drdkua&pDudk csufBudK;ESifhtwltjzwfcHcJh&aom rsKd;qufudk udk,fpm;jyKonf/

2009 ckESpf atmufwdkbm 18 &ufwGif olUtouf 47 ESpfjynfhNyD/ oHwdkifaemufu arG;aeYudwfay:wGif usaemfwdkU

za,mif;wd ki f xGef;c Gi f hr&aomfvnf; olUE SvH k ;om;\tvif;a&mifud k tm;vH k ;xH ysU HE S U H&ef onfpmtkyf

i,fxkwfa0jcif;onfyif usaemfwdkU olUtay:xm;aom tcspfESifh *g&0jzpfonf/

trSefESifhtrSm;? taumif;ESifhtqdk;? topfESifhta[mif;wdkUrnfonf tm;NydKifNrJ? ,SOfNydKifwdkufcdkufNrJjzpfonf/ tqHk;wGifrl

taumifuEdkifNrJ? trSefuatmifyGJcHNrJ? topfu tpm;wdk;ae&m,lNrJomjzpfaMumif; ordkif; ZmwfaMumif;rsm;u

oufaocHaeonfudk owdrltyfonf/ trSefwu,fwGif xdkZmwfuGufrsm;udk ol&Jaumif; rsm;jzifhom ujycJhonfr[kwf/

vlUtzGJUtpnf;wck\ tajccHtusqHk; vlxkMuD;onfom ordkif;\ Zmwfvdkuf ausmfrsm;jzpfaMumif; olu vSy&dk;&Sif;pGm

zGifh[azmfusL;jycJhonf/

vdk&mc&D;udk armifESif&mwGif a&SUudkoGm;&ef aemufudkMunfhMu&onfom/ olcspfcifaom jynfolvlxkBuD;xH

olud k,fwd kifay;yd k Uvd kufaom arG;aeUvufaqmifrSm aemufMunfhrSefwcsyfjzpfaMumif; tHtm;oif hzG,f&m

awGUMu&ayonf/

atatyDyD

EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;rsm;ulnDapmifha&Smufa&;toif;

Page 4: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

aemufMunfhrSefaemufMunfhrSefaemufMunfhrSefaemufMunfhrSefaemufMunfhrSef

onfyef;csDum;wcsyfwGif wpkHw&m jznfUpGuf&efvkdaeonf[k olrtaejzihf awmifhwrdonf

RrSmMumNyD/ ckvkdaEGOD;wGif ykdíxif&Sm;onfrSm aemufcHuGif;jyifESifh rSKefysysum;vrf; NyD;awmU [kdwykHonfwykH

pkxm;onfU oHvrf;wkd&Snfrsm;eSifhZvDzm;wkH;tykHwkdUa&SUrSm xD;wnf; ukuúKdyifBuD;u cg;EGJUEGJUESifhxD;aqmif;

xm;aom rdef;rES,f/

wHvSyfawG<u,fonfU aeUvnfcif;rSm ndKwa,mufxJ xkdjrifuGif;ukd MunfU&if; vufawGU

Muaom tvkyfudk vkyfjzpfcJUonf? axGaxGxl;xl;pOf;pm;raeawmU tdrfab;&Sd opfwkdopfprsm;qGJxkwfum

vuform;ud&d,mrsm;yg ,lcJUonf/

]bmvJ rdef;uav;...usKyfudk bmckdif;OD;rSmvJ}

tbarmifonf q&morm;jzpfol\ orD;rkdU tvkdvkduf&onfxuf aysmfp&maumif;aom

upm;enf;wckudk rBuD;ri,ft&G,frSm ysif;ysif;&Sdwkdif; upm;cGifh&olES,f cHpm;wwf&í xkdokdUtar;ukd rJU

&SKHU&SKHU[efvkyfum ar;&if; uGrf;w,m0g;onf/ ndKu 'gudk'Davmufjzwfay;? 'gudkoHeJU&kdufr,f? 'DvkdykH[k

taqmufttkHBuD;wcrf;wem;aqmufvkdoleS,f ñTefjyae\/ pdwfvkdvuf&&SdonfESifh tbarmif Zkd;Zdk;Zwf

Zwfvkyfay;vkdufNyD/ olrñTefMum;&mae&mrSmwwfqifay;cJUNyD/

ndKwa,muf tdrfxJ0ifNyD; a&tdk;wvkH;o,fvmum ae&mcsNyD;wgif ukuúdKyifcg;yef;ü a&csrf;

pifwcktjzpf usufoa&&Sd&Sd wnfNyD;jzpfawmUonf/ tvSK&SifuAnf;xkd;OD;av[k tbarmifu wkdufwGef;

NyD; ajrjzLwcJ,lvmum a&csrf;piftajcopfwef;wGif rnfokdUa&;&efrnfudk trlt,mjzihf ar;onf/

]tbarmif aumif;rSKaygU}

]tdk...usKyfurdef;uav;ckdif;vkdU vkyfay;&wmyJ rdef;uav;wkdUrdom;pk emrnfa&;ygvm;}

][m..rvkyfygeJU ?aeOD;pOf;pm;OD;r,f}

ndKu tBuH&cufí awGa0aepOf tbarmifuyif 0kdif;pufaom pm;vkH;rsm;jzihf apwem

&Sif a':uRJraumif;rSK[k a&;onf/ ndKpdwfysufNyD tdrfbufjyefxGufoGm;\/ a':wifwifonf a&aomuf

rnfBuHNyD;rS aomufa&tdk;aysmufaejcif;aMumifh [JU..[ka&&Gwfum [kd[kd'D'D&Smonf/

tdrfay:wufvmaom ndKtm;awGUí nnf;ckeu aomufa&tdk;vS,faewm bmvkdUa&tdk;

pifrSm jyefrxm;wmvJ[k ar;\/

]a&tdk;pifrSmxm;vkdufwmyJ}

ndKUtajzaMumifh a':wifwifrsufapmif;xkd;í b,frvJ[JU 'DrSmr&Sdbl; tawmifaygufNyD;

ysHoGm;vkdUvm;[k bkdqwfqwfar;\/

]tif;..'gjzpfedKifw,f ?o'gw&m;u tawmifwyfay;vkdufwmaygU}

raeUuyif pmar;yGJBuD;ajzNyD;í bmvkyf&rSef;rod a,mif&SmaeNyD[k orD;jzpfoltm; oem;

rdcJUonfukdyif aemifw&rd\/

BuD;us,faom ndKUpum;aMumifh a':wifwifa&iwf&onfUtxJ pdwfr&SnfawmU

Page 5: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

?b,frvJ[ komxy far;\/ nd Kar;x k d ;í ñGe f jyv k du fonf/ uku ú d Kyi fce f ;ye f ;w Gi f

tcefUom;ae&m,loGm;onfUa&tkd;udkjrifonfeSifh...[if...igwkdUu bmeJUaomuf&rvJ[kar;\/

]avmavmq,f 'efcsdKifhBuD;xJ xnfUaomufr,ftar&m?tazjyeffvmrS tdk;wvkH;topf0,f

MuwmaygU? ndKo'gaygufNyD;vSKNyD;NyD? jyef,lvkdUr&awmUzl;/

]&moDOwk yl&wJUtxJ 'efcsdKifhxJua&u aEG;aEG;BuD;jzpfaerSmaygU? aps;utopf0,fvkdUvJ

ajrtkd;yJ&rSm 'DoJpdrfUtkd;rsdK;u&Sm;ygbd igawmU rajymvkdufcsifzl;? pdwfuL;aygufwkdif; udkU,dkUum;,m;x

xvkyfaewmyJ}

ndKum; olrrdcifa&&Gwfaeonfudk *&krjyKawmU topfpufpuf a&tdk;pifwGif yxrqkH;vm

rnfU tvSKcHyk*¾dKvf\ auseyfyDwdjzifh okH;aqmifrnfU rsufESmudkom cHpm;&efpdffwfapmae\/

________________________________________

waeUcif;vkH;arQmfonfUwkdif tvSKcHyk*¾Kdvfu ay:awmfrrl/ awGUaeusr[kwfí trSwfrJh

jzwfausmfoGm;MuonfvJ &Sdrnf[k em;vnfxm;onfhwdkif aEGtylwGif a&csrf;pifudk r&SmazG&aumif;vm;

[k olr NidKjiifrdonf / wa,mufwavu jrifoGm;ygvQuf udk,fhvrf;udk,fqufoGm;onfudk ndK jrifaomf

rcsdwifuJ usefcJh\ /

]vlawGu BuD;us,fvdkY ig'Davmuftyifyrf;cH vkyfay;xm;wm apwemudk todtrSwf

jyK&aumif;rSef;rodMuzl; / 'DwaeYvHk; wa,mufrS raomufvdkYuawmh igudk,fwdkifa&tdk;udk vuf0g;apmif;

eJY &dkufcGJvdkufr,f...[,f zG..zG..a,mifvdkY ? 'geukodkvfqdkwm tukodkvfpdwf rxm;&zl;wJh ?

tif;..at;jrMuap..aomufoHk;olawG}

tvdkrusjcif;udk csKd;ESdrfí olr qkawmif;&if; Asmrsm;aeonfudk tbarmif Munfhí&,fum

tvSL&Sif a':uRJrqdkawmh vlawGu tcwfcH&rSm aMumufMuw,f / emrnfajymif;ay;vdkuf&rvm;[k

rxdwxdp&if;ar;onf / olr a&at;tvGefBudKufí a&csKd;vQif rNyD;EdkifaomaMumifh taru pdwfwdkwdkif;

uRJr[k ac:onfudk tbarmif oHa,mifvdkufjcif;twGuf olr ydkítvdkrusjzpfvmonf/

naea&mufvmaomfvnf; tyl&Sdefu ravsmhao; ? ta0;rS OdD;xkyfaysmhwvHk; idkufidkuf

apmif;í pdkufpdkufvmaeolwOD; a&tdk;pifjrifNyD; tjrefavQmufvmonfudk ndKawGUvdkuf&í 0rf;omtm;&

NcHpnf;&dk;axmifhhodkY ajy;oGm;um tuJcwfaevdkuf\ /

olrESifh av;iG;vHcefUtuGm&Sd a&tkd;pif\ a&rSKwfudk xkdoluqGJudkifNyD; tirf;r&aomufae

onfudk aemufausmzufrS jrifNyD; ndKaysmf&Tifaeonf;/

]tm;..aumif;ygUAsm;? tvSK&Sifa':uRJr csrf;omokcjynfUygapownf;}

a&ESpfrSKwfqifhaomufNyD; auseyf0rf;omjzihf xkdol pmwrf;u uAsnf;ukd zwfum qkawmif;

ay;íxGufoGm;onfwGif ndKrSmESpfoufjcif;ESifh tvkdrusjcif; ESpfrsdK;a&mvsuf uRJNrD;wkdusef&pfcJU\/

_________________________________________

nutdyf&m0ifonfUwkdif vlwa,muf&Tifystm;&aomufokH;cGifh&cJUaom olr\'getwGuf

ndKrSm MunfeK;rqkH;? bk&m;&Spfckd;NyD; acgif;tkH;ay:acgif;cstdyfNyD;onfUwkdif trQrQ[líay;írNyD;edKifao; /

Page 6: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

'geftkd;xJrSa&udk owÅKapmfeHonf[k nnf;wGm;&SKUHrJUaomufcJU&aom a':wifwifum; om"kygawmf om"k

yg tvSKUtrBuD;&JU[k cyff&GJU&GJUjyefatmfae\/ ndK&,farmvsuf ESpfNcdKufpGmtdyfaysmfcJUonf/

reufrvif;rDyif olrcsrf;ompGmedK;aeNyD? wHrsufpnf;udkqGJí jrLawGqkdif;aeaom jcHtjyif

xGuffcJUonf/ ukuúdKyifajcw0kduf w*Rrf;*Rrf;jrnfatmif olrwHrsufpnf;vSnf;oHaMumifh iSufuav;wkdUapm

apmedK;oGm;NyD; yuspfyuspfESifh atmifMuonf/ bmvJ[JU apmapmxumr*Fvm&Sdw,f/ usef;rma&;aumif;

apw,f eifwkdUbmodvJ[k ndKwa,mufwnf; iSufuav;awGudk jyefí&efvkyfae\/

a0vDa0vif;tcsdefwGif oHvrf;ay:rS &xm;jzwfarmif;onfudk MunfU&if; olra&tdk;udk

vS,fae&mrS igawmUtwef;wifpmar;yGJNyD;vdkU a,mifaewm tckrStvkyf&w,f [kawG;um auseyfaeonf/

aejrifhvmonfESifhtrs blwmav;w0kduf a&mufvmolwkdU a&iwfajyaomufMuonfudkvnf; olrowd

jyKrd&if; auseyfrqkH;? txl;ojzihf olrwkdU\ Mum;blwmav;wGifqkdufaom taES;&xm;ay:rS qif;vm

onfU c&D;onfawG aeylxJrjzwfcif wa,mufwvSJU apmifhqkdif;í aomufae&onfudkyifjrifí a&rSKwf

wckawmU xyfvkyfOD;rSyJ[k awG;rdjyefonf/

tbarmiftm; tkef;yifwufckdif;NyD; tvkH;ao;ao;a&G;cl;ckdif;onf/ tkef;oD;wvkH;xJeJU usKyf

tyif&wuf&wm rumrdzl;[k nnf;&if;tcGHEGmtkef;oD;cGJpm;MuNyD;? tkef;rSKwfcGufjzifh a&rkwftopfxyfvkyf

&onfESifhyif aeapmif;NyD/ raeUutcsdef raeUuyk*¾dKvfxyfa&mufvmjyef\/ olr\ yxrqkH; tvSLcHyk*¾Kvf

rdkU ndKrSwfrdaeNyD; *&kwpkduf tem;odkUra,mifrvnfuyfoGm;rdonf/

ndKxufig;ESpf ajcmufESpfcefUBuD;rnf[kxif&aom xkdolrSm OD;xkyfpkyfESifh t0wfEGrf;rsm;aMumifh

vlBuD;wa,mufvkd omrefMunfUvQif awGU&rnfjzpfonf/ olum;vG,ftdwfpkwfwvkH;udk pvG,fodkif;vsuf

a&w0BuD;cyfaomufum om"kyg a':uRJr&,f[k ac:aejyef\/

&uftwefMumaomf waeUndKaomufa&jznfUaeckduf ola&mufvmonf/ aomufa&ppfwGif

trSKefrsm;uyfaeí? olraq;aMumoefUpifaeonfudk olapmifhaeí ndKtm;emum cPav;aemf..'DaeU

tvkyfawG&SKyfoGm;vkdU a&jznfUwmaemufusoGm;w,f[k pum;pajymrdonf/

olum;&ygw,f ajz;ajz;vkyf? tckrS aeylxJuvmawmU acR;odyfvkdufOD;r,f[k ajymum

ndKUtm;&yfMunfUaeonf/ tom;ndKpdrfUpdrfUESifh ESpfvkdzG,frsufESmydkif&Sifuav;\ usufoa&rSm olr&ifwGif;

uapwem"gwfcHaMumifh ykdíqGJaqmifrSK&Sdavovm;[k olawG;ae\/ ukuúdK&Gufrsm;avta0SUwGif wzGJzGJ

a<uvGifhvmonf/ tzkH;rygaom a&ykH;xJusrnfpkd;í ndKtvkyf&SKyfoGm;onfudk ol0iful&if; 'DrSm..a':uRJr

qkdwm 'Dtem;rSmaewmvm;[k ar;\/

ndK&,fcsifpdwfukd NrdKodyf&if; tif;aygU[komajzvkdufonf/

b,ftdrfuvJ[k olxyfar;índKu olrwkdUtdrfukdom ñGefjyvkdufonf/ jcHpnf;&kd;av;ao

oyfpGm umxm;onfU tkyf<uyfeDrkd;tdrfuav;udk olMunfU&if;

]aMomf...'g...&kHykdifBuD;tdrfyJ?} [ka&&Gwfaeonf/

]awm blwmqkdawmU &kHykdifuav;vkdUyJ ac:oifhw,f} [k ndKua0zefonf/

]blwmBuD;BuD;ao;ao;Asm....a':uRJrudk tm;emwJUtaeeJU &kHydkifBuD;vkdUyJac:r,f}

Page 7: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

r,f}

ndKonf olaomufa&cyfaomufaepOf þodkUajymrd\/

]tJ'Da':uRJru olUudk a':uRJrvdkUac:&if rBudKufzL; odyfpdwfqdk;w,f? olUtvSLukd om"k

ac:wm?'geajrSmufatmif okH;aqmifwmawmU olu0rf;omw,f}

][m tJ'g .pdwfqkd;w,f rac:bl; ?uRJNrD;wkdw,fvkdUac:w,f/ a':uRJrqkdawmU uRJNrD;wkd

w,fqkd ykdobm0usw,f/ [m..vlBuD;udk aemufajymifrdNyD uefawmU uefawmUAsm}

xkdolonf ndKwkdUtdrfbuf rvkHrvJvSrf;MunfUNyD; xkdokdU jymjymovJ aemifw&ae\/

ndKum;&,fvsuf &ygw,f a':uRJru oabmaumif;ygw,f? 'gayr,fU uRJNrD;wkdw,fqkd

wm olUrl&if;ykHjyifu b,fvkdvJ od&ifajymjyyg[k awmif;qkkd\/ olu tif;...[kqkdum tdyfuyfxJvuf

edKufonf/ vufrvkH;cefU&SdNyD; wxGmrjynfUaom opfom;wvkH;xGufvm\/ olvSnfUícRwfaomf twGif;

rSaq;vdyfwwkd xyfxGufvmjyefonf/ tawmfuyfap;ESJwJU vlBuD;[k ndKBudwfí a0zef&if; NyKH;rdonf/ ol

uvG,ftdwfxJ vufedKufprf;jyef\/ twefMumrS "gwfqDokH; ykvif;rD;jcpfBuD; vufxJygvmonf/ *sdueJ

jcpfNyD; rD;nSdum 'Dvkd[k pum;ponf/

tbarmifonf &xm;vufrSwfa&mif;onfU &kHtwGif; ikdufjrnf;ae&mrS ukuúdKyifatmuf

vSrf;MunfUrdonf/ aomufa&ykH;udk vufwzufuqGJvQuf wzufua&ppfudk vSKyf,rf;vsuf ndKonf olra&SUrSm

OD;xkyfaysmU aqmif;aomvl\pum;0,fw&if;wESD; &,fyGJzGJUaeonfukd jrif&\/

]wcgu v,fulvDwa,mufu uRJESpfaumifeJUv,fxGefae&w,f}

v,fuEGm;eJUrxGefbl;vm;? bmvkdUuRJeJUxGefwmvJ}

]uRJu ykdNyD;EGm;xufxGeftm;aumif;w,fAsm..aeprf;ygOD;?usKyfpum;ysufw,f? tJ'gaeUvnf

xrif;ykdUcsdefausmfwJUtxd v,f&Sifxrif;vmrykdUzl;? olvJAkdufqmaeNyD/ bmrS pm;p&maomufp&mr&SdawmU

tcsdefvGefawmif a&mufrvmzl;qkdNyD; uRJtNrSD;jzwfNyD; rD;zkwfpm;vkdufwmaygU}

]tJ'Dvkdpm;NyD;rS v,f&Sifu xrif;xkyfeJU a&mufvmw,f/ olUv,fulvDudk ar;w,f Akduf

qmvkdU pdwfqkd;aeNyDvm;wJU? 'DawmU v,fulvDu at;at;aq;aq;yJajzw,f? pdwfrqdk;ygzl;? 'gayr,fU

uRJNrD;awmU enf;enf;wkdoGm;w,fwJU}

ndKraeedKifyJ yGifhvif;pGm&,fí &,fp&maumif;w,f[k rSwfcsufcsonf/

xkdolu NyHK;&kHNyHK;í usKyfwkdUab;u MunfU&ifawmU &,fcsifp&myJ um,uH&Sif v,fydkif&Sif

awmU b,favmufuRJNrD;wkdrvJqkdwm pOf;pm;omMunfU[k wkHUjyefonf/ olUpum;tqkH; ndKtdrf0if;xJjyef

&efpdwful;NyD;rS tdrfudk odrSmpkd;í a,mifawmifawmifvkyfae&onf/ xkdolum; pum;tp&vQif NyD;csifyHk

ray: tpudk qGJxkwfí csnfvkH;ukefatmifqGJcsifaeykHjzihf

]Oyrm...[kdrSm a':uRJrBuD;tdrfukdyJMunfU? ta0;ajy;um;vrf;ukd aemufausmcdkif;NyD;

aqmufxm;&w,f? olUtdrf0if; tdrfomNyD;&if ajruGufNyD;&if um;vrf;yJ?'g...um;ay:u MunfU&if

b,favmuftlaMumifaMumifedKifrvJ? 'gayr,fU a':uRJrBuD;&JU tdrf[m &xm;0efxrf;qkdawmU &xm;vrf;

udk rsufeSmrlxm;&wm obm0tusqkH; trSefqkH;ygyJ/

xkdokdUqkdNyD; udkif; usKyfoGm;OD;r,f[k qkdumxGufoGm;aom olUausmjyiftm;MunfU&if;? igwkdU

tdrfu um;vrf;zufuMunfU&if&,fp&maumif;owJU? BuD;us,fvkdU[k olrtoHwdwfajym&if; usefcJUonf/

Page 8: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

bmrSvkyfp&mvnf;r&Sd zwfp&mpmtkyfvJuif;rJUjcif;avmuf a'gojzpfp&m avmavmqnf

olpOf;pm;r&/ q&mawmfU rSefbD&kdxJrS "r®usrf;xlBuD;rsm;,lMunfUNyD; wynfUawmf OmPfrrDygzl;bk&m;[k

ol0efcHcJUonf/ q&mawmfum; 'grqef;ygbl;? avmukwÅ&mukd avmuDaysmfwa,mufu pl;prf;zkdU 0efav;

aewwfwmobm0yJ/ rpifxJrSmavmuf[maysmfw,f/l a&Tyef;uefay:a&aq;NyD; wifay;&if; olaorSm

[krdefUonf/

]rSefygUbk&m;..wynfUawmfu avmuDrSm &SKyfaeawmU avmrukwfedKifao;yg}

]at;..uDrSm&SKyf&if; raeedKifavmufatmif ,m;,Hvm&ifawmU ukwfaygU}

odkUESifhyif olusrf;pmtkyfrsm;ukd vufajrSmuft&SKH;ay;NyD; tMuHopfxkwf&onf/ wu,fawmU

olUtaejzifh tjyifxGufzkdUroifhvS? vlol&Sif;í opfBuD;0g;BuD;wkdUjzifh tkyfrkd;xm;aom bkef;BuD;ausmif;0if;xJ

&SnfUwaumifvkd vkHjcHKpGmaeoifhrSef; odygvsuf wGif;atmif;&ufausmf ykZGefvkH;waumifvkd jyKwpfjyLwpfvkyf

aerdonf/

v,fuGufukd jzwfausmfa&mufedKifaom Mum;blwmuav;udk olpGJvrf;aeNyD/ txl;ojzifh

nae aejcnfapmif;csdef taemufaumif;uif yef;Ek&ifha&miforf;csdef tarmqkdUvmaom jrif;eufwaumif

vkd blwmxJ0ifvmaom pmykdU&xm;qkdufcsdef taMumftavSmf oGm;&nfpmESifh pmapmiftcsdKU vufayGUa&mif;ol

rsm; wa&;edK; vSKyf&Sm;csdefukd olwrufwarmMunfU&ef olzwfcsifonfU pmtkyfpmapmif&Sm0,f&ef a&mufcJU

onfrS tpjyKí a&csrf;piftvSL&Sif a':uRJrBuD;taMumif; ajymjywwfonfU ndKpdrfUpdrfUuav;ukdvJ rjrif

&vsif [mwmwmjzpfaewwf\/

olraeedKifonfU tqkH; a&mufvmjyef\/

onfwcgawmU a&tkd;pifab; ikwfwkwfxkdifí blwm&kHuav;\ naecif;udk ur®Xmef;&SK

ovkd &SKaerdonf/ Akdufqmwkdif; a&xaomufvkduf xkdifMunfUvdkufvkyfaepOf 'efUovGefoD;rsm;ayGUydkufvsuf

oleHab;avQmufvmaeaom olrukdjrif\/

ESpfOD;om;tm;yg;w& NyHK;eKwfqufMuonf/

]'DrSm...usKyfudk wckulnDrvm;}

olUtar;ukd qef;ppfraeyJ &ygw,f[komajz\/ naecif; aejcnfazsmUwGif 'efUovGefoD;]

rsm;ayGUí olUeHab;rSefrSefavQmufvmaom olrrSm olUrsufpdxJ MunfUaumif;vSonf[kom rzGJUEGJUpwrf;

0efcHcsifonf/

]'gawGb,f,loGm;rvdkUvJ tvkyf&Sdao;vm;}

'efUovGefoD;rsm;ar;aigUjyí olar;onf/ todawGtdrfvkdufa0rvkdUyg/ bmvkyfay;&rSm

vJ[k jyefar;\/

]'Dem;rSm pmtkyfiSm;qkdifr&Sdbl;vm;}

olUtar;aMumifh ndK pOf;pm;p&m&vmonf/ xkdolonf 'DteD;tyg;&Gmw&GmrS r[kwfbl;

vm;? 'D0ef;usiftaMumif; rodovkdar;aeí b,frSmaevkdUvJ[k olrjyefar;rdonf/ olajzcsifykHr&/ usKyf

uawmu vmwmyg [kom ra&r&majymonf/

Page 9: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

]'gvJ..awmyJ ?awmblwmyJ}

][kwfygw,f? usKyfaewJUawmu 'DxufykdawmuswJUawmaygU}

olrqufrjiif;awmU pmtkyfiSm;wm [kdem;u tauGUrSm&Sdw,fav rodzl;vm;[k jyefar;

onf /aMomf...[k ola&&Gwfum usKyfrodzl;/ usKyfudkvnf;rodawmU olwdkUiSm;ygUrvm;rodzl; /tJ'g

Mum;u0ifNyD;iSm;ay;edKifrvm;rodzl; [k rodzl; okH;vkH;qufum oljyefar;\/

]ndKu ...tmrcHay;&rSm [kwfvm;}

oltemrnfudk xnfUajymvmí olowdxm;rdNyD; [kwfygw,f[k ajzonf/

ndKpOf;pm;aeonf /blwmw0kdfufwGif &xm;oHMum;í aps;onftcsdKUvSKyf&Sm;vmMu\/pm

ykdU&xm;rSm a[m[JjrnfoHjzihf ta0;rSvmaeNyD/

]b,frSmaevJqkdwmawmif rod&yJ ..ndKu..}

olrpum;rqufedKifyJ cufaeí oluyif [kwfygw,fav...usKyfudk ,kHNyD;pmtkyfzkd;avsmf

ay;&r,fU tjzpfudk vefUaerSmaygU/ 'gqkdvJ &SdygapawmUav ..usKyfrSmiSm;NyD; xGufrajy;ygbl;qkdwm yg;

pyftaeeJU b,fvkdrS oufaojyvkdUr&yJ}

olpdwfysufpGm x&yfonf/ ndKtm;emoem;pGmjzihf

]vmyg vkdufcJYyg/ 'Dwcg iSm;MunfUr,fav? ndKeJUawmU qkdifeJUodygw,f}

at;Asm..pdwfcsprf;yg...[k ol0rf;yrf;wom ajymíab;csif;,SOfavQmufvm\/

]wu,fAsm ?pmrzwfyJ ckESpf&ufavmufaeNyD; ajymwJUpum;[m bmt&omrS r&Sdzl;? usKyf

pmudk bdef;pm;bdef;pGJovkd pGJaewm ...odyfaus;Zl;wifw,f/ 'DrSm ..'efUovGefoD;jrifvkdU ajym&OD;r,f/

pma&;q&mwa,muf 'efUovGefoD;a&mif;wJU tjzpfzwfzl;vm;}

olUxkH;pHtwkdif; pum;csnfpqGJxkwf&oGm;í trQifrjywfajymawmUrnfudk ndKem;vnfvkduf

onf/ rzwfzl;ygbl; ajymjyygOD;[kom NyHK;íajz\/

]aomfwmaqG a&;zl;wmavAsm ..MumvSNyD/ olUjcHxJu xGufwJU'efUovGefoD;awGckvkdyJ

ayGUNyD; aps;rSmoGm;a&mif;zkdU tdrfuxGufvmw,f/ tJ'g....}

oltdyfuyfxJedKufí opfom;tacgif;xJrS aq;vdyfwkdudk xkwfjyefonf/ oltvkyf&SKyfaeckduf

olUab;rS avQmufvmaom ndKu 'DOD;xkyfaysmUtpkwfBuD;yJ q,fUeSpf&moD olaqmif;aewmyJ eKwfcrf;arG;

xlvyspfBuD;eJU tzdk;BuD;&kyfolzrf;xm;&wm tawmfauseyfaew,f xifw,f[k awG;aerd\/

]tJ'g..oltdrfab;u rdef;rwa,mufuawGUawmU ar;NyD;0,fa&mAsm..oluqkdygawmU

tJ..wusyfzdk; av;awmifhqkdawmU [kdrdef;ru udkaqG&,f tcsif;csif;awGyJ r&zl; ig;awmifhxm;qkdNyD; qpfw,f/

olvJtm;emNyD; ay;vkdufw,f/ wcg aemufwa,mufawGUjyefawmU tm;ay;OD;r,fqkdNyD; 0,f

r,fvkyf? aps;ar;awmU wusyfzkd;av;awmifhukd ig;awmifh&atmif [kdwa,mufuqpfoGm;wmyJ /uJ..

cifAsm;vnf; ig;awmifhyJ ,lqkdawmU 'kwd,trsdK;orD;u [m..b,f&rvJ usreJU&Sifu 'Davmuf&if;ESD;

wm ajcmufawmifhay;&r,fqkdNyD; tedKifusifha&m}

olUpum;aMumifh ndKrSm 'efUovGefoD;rsm;ayGUvm&if; NyHK;rdonf/ pmydkU&xm;olrwkdUeHab;rS

Page 10: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

jzwfoGm;onftxd acwÅpum;wdwf avQmufvmNyD;rS olqufonf/

]'geJU wwd, wa,mufeJU vrf;xJwGif awGUjyefa&m ...0,fr,fqkdawmU ...}olpum;r

qufyJ oHvrf;udk jzwful;&ef ZvDzm;wkH;rsm;ukd ei;fausmfaeckduf

]tJ'D rdef;rBuD;u olusawmU r&zl; ckESpfawmifhay;udkay;&,fvkdU tedKifusifhhjyefa&mr[kwf

vm;}[k ndKuNyHK;vsuf ar;onf/

][m..rzwfzl;yJ w,foavmaygufvG,fygvm;}

olauseyfpGm ndKrsufESmtm; vSnfUMunfUonf/ oeyfcg;uykdu&kd yGwfxm;aom ndKUyg;jyif

wGif aejcnfEkkjzifh azG;um wifhw,fygbd..}

]uJ 'DvkdeJU aemufwa,mufawGUawmU &Spfawmifhay;&a&m qkdygawmU ...'geJU 'efUovGef

oD;awG ukefa&mvm;}

]at;avAsm ..'DavmufeJU b,fpmzGJUOD;rvJ ?nusawmU Zmwfvrf;uwpfuaejyefpw,f}

[k olpum;udkqufonf / oJEkEkcif;xm;aom awmvrf;uav;xJ olwkdUauGU0ifcsdK;vdkufMu\/

]uJ ...ckESpfawmifh&vkdufwJUolu &Spfawmifh r&vkdU rauseyf? ajcmufawmifheJU&vkdufwJU

olu ckeSpfawmifhray;vkdUqkdNyD; &efawGU? olUcrsm auseyfwJUeKef;eJU a&mif;cJUNyD;ygvsuf 0kdif;NyD;&efawGUcH&wm

yJaygU}

ndKtoH wkd;wkd;&,faepOfyif pmtkyfqkdifuav;udk tauGUrSm bGm;ueJawGUvkduf&\/ olaysmf

&TifpGm þodkUajymonf/

]a[m ...pmtkyfzwf&awmUr,f..aus;Zl;wifw,fAsm usKyfrSm t&uform;awGajymo

vkd aeapmif;&if azaomif;wkdU t&nfawmif;NyD qkdwmrsdK; pmzwfcsifwJU a0'emxvGef;vkdU...ckrSjynfUawmU

w,f/

olajcvSrf;usJBuD;rsm;jzihf OD;aqmifvkdufaomoltm; trSDvkduf&if; ndKu ...aeygOD; pm

tkyfiSm;awmU tmrcHay;&atmif ndKUudkemrnfajymxm;OD;av[k owday;\/

]at;Asm...azaomif;vkdUyJ rSwfxm;Asm [kom olajymonf/

______________________________________

vQyfppfrD;BudK;oG,fxm;ygvsuf npOfvkdvdk rSefrD;tdrfxGef;ae&onfrSm uarmufuredKifvS

aom jzpfpOfwck[k ndKawG;rdonf/ tzdkeJUtrBudK;ESpfacsmif;wGJygvsuf tvif;"gwfum;r&? rDwmykH;\jzpf

wnfrSKonf ydkif&Siftm; xdrf;odrf;apmifha&Smufcawmif;cH&efoufoufom/

tazu "gwfcJa&'D,kdjzihf w*DG;*DG;w*Grf;*Grf;avwkd;oHrsm; tMum; jynfyrS vTYifhaom vkdif;

udk BudK;pm;yr;fpm;zrf;aeonf/ ndKrSm rSefrD;tdrfatmuf Murf;ay:arSmufvsuf pmtkyfxJrS pmtcsdKUukd ul;

a&;wefa&; ausmfzwfwefzwfae\/

azaomif;[k olUtm;ac:apí 'Dpmtkyfzwfygvm;..[kd[mxufpm&if awmfao;w,f? pojzifh

tBuHay;&if; olpGufzuforQ ndKzwfavUr&SdonfU pmtkyftcsdKUzwfzl;vmonf/ okdUwkdifatmif

Page 11: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

olum;auseyf[efrjyao;/ 'Dqkdifuav;u rpGHvSzl; /bmrStusdK;r&SdwmawG rsm;aew,f[k wAspfawmuf

awmuf a0zefaygif;rsm;NyD/ aeapmif;NyDqkdvsif azaomif;ESifh olrqkHMupNrJ ?pmtkyfjyeftyf&if; naecif;

pum;pNrDrsm;jzifh ydkrkdaEG;axG;vmaom aEGnrsm;udk olrwkdUBuHKcJUMuNyD/

]aps;BuD;xJrSmawmU pmtkyfqkdiftBuD;BuD;&Sdw,f/ tJ'DrSmqkd pkHrSmyJ}

xkdokdU ndKowif;ay;onfwGif olwtHwMojzifh [kwfvm;? usKyfra&mufzl;zl; vkyfprf;ygOD;? b,fvkdBuHMu

rvJ pmaumif;awGodyfzwfcsifw,f [ktir;fr&jyefar;onf/

]ndKeJUvJ odwmr[kwfzl; ..pabmfawmU ay;iSm;&if&rSmyg}

]at;Asm ...aps;BuD;u a0;ovm;}

]pufbD;eJUoGm;&if odyfrMumygbl;}

]vkyfAsm cyfokyfokyfvkyf...usKyfpabmfaiG&SmNyD; oGm;csifw,f? tJ..wcgavmufawmU

vkdufydkU&if taumif;om; ..cufwmu usKyfrSm pufbD;vJ r&Sdzl; b,foluiSm;rvJ}

ae&mwum tcuftcJ&Sdaeaom olUtm; ndKoem;vn;foem; &,fvnf;&,fcsifaeonf/

]ndKUrSm &Sdygw,f..'gayr,fU..tif;av..tqifajywJUwaeU oGm;iSm;MuwmaygU? aps;

BuD;u reufydkif;eJU aeUvnfyJzGifhwmaemf...}

at;Asm ndK[m tawmftm;udk;&wJU rdwfaqGyJ[k oltm;udk;wBuD;ajymcJUonf/ bmaMumifh

&,frod ?olr,kHMunfrSKwckjzihf olESifhcsdef;qkdum aps;BuD;odkUoGm;cJU\/ xkdreufcif;udkvnf; rMumcP o

wd&aerdonf/

__________________________________________

blwm&kHuav;eHab; jzpfovkdcsa&mif;aeaom vrf;ab;aps;wGif [if;oD;[if;&GufrSty

tjcm;ukefpkH&Sm;yg;í aps;BuD;odkU okH;av;&ufwcg ukefajcmuf0,f&ef ndKoGm;&pNrJ? xkdreufwGifvnf; olU

tm; um;vrf;wae&mrS apmifhae&ef rSmxm;cJUNyD; olrwkdU awGUMuonf/

olonf OD;xkyfaysmUBuD;tygt0if olUxkH;pHtwkdif; cyfukwfukwfedKifvSaom t0wfrsm;jzifh

um;vrf;eHab;acsmifususü r&Jw&J&yfae\/ ndKUpufbD; olUeHab;a&mufvmonf/

wuf..jrefjref...[k ndKac:onfESifh usD;uef;waumifvkdoGufvufpGm ndKpufbD;aemuf

ckHay: olygvmonf/ rdef;uav;ueif;wm pD;&wm qkdawmU...[k olpum;pNyD; rqufawmU? 'gawGt

a&;rBuD;ygbl; pmtkyfBudKufwm iSm;&zkdUyJ vkdw,f[k ndKjyefajymonfudk [kwfw,f[kom olaxmufcHNyD;

ygvmonf/

]udkazaomif; wkdUawmrSm pufbD;&Sdovm;}

reufcif;avajyu aEGtyludk tedKif&qJrdkU Munfvifaom aumif;uifatmuf olwkdUeSpfa,muf

pufbD;ay:ygvm&if; ndKuvSnfUrMunfUyJ ar;onf/ olonf olUrsufESma&SU rMumcP

a&mufvmaom ndK\ qHEG,fprsm;udk MunfUae&mrS....

]tif;&SdwmaygU? bmjzpfvkdUvJ}

]udkazaomif; pufbD;reif;wwfzl;vm;vkdUyg}

]aMomf...eif;wwfygw,f [kom olajzonf/ ndKuawmtaMumif; awmifta

Page 12: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

]aMomf...eif;wwfygw,f [kom olajzonf/ ndKu awmtaMumif; awmiftaMumif;

avQmufar;orQ oluawmqkdwmuawmU opfyifrsdK;pkH trsm;BuD;&SdwmaygU ?awmifqkdwmuawmU ajrjyefU

xuf trsm;BuD;jrifhwJU ukef;ajraygU[k aemufovkd ajymifovkdom ajzaecJU\/

vrf;eHab;wae&m um;*dwfwckwGif &yfíaumufnif;aygif;ESifh taMumfpm;&ef ndKuqE

jyKonf/ olrjiif;aomfvnf; acsmifus&ma&G;í cyfukwfukwfxkdifaeMu\/ awmom;wa,mufonf vl

pnfum;aom um;*dwfudk tb,faMumifhrai;yJ ausmckdif;ae&ygoenf;/ olzwfavU&Sdaom pmtkyfrsm;

rSmvnf; vlzwfenf;avU &Sdaom t&kyfryg pmoufouf omreftm;jzihf jiD;aiGUzG,frsm;om/ þ ukdazaomif;

qdkolonf vlUtodkif;t0kdif;wckudk taMumif;wckjzifh a&Smifz,fz,fvkyfaerSef; ndK&dyfpm;rdonf/

aumufnif;aygif;eJUwGJvsuf vbuf&nf&onfqkdpOfu oltvGefESpfouf[efjzifh vkyfAsm

aumif;w,f[kqkdum rSmckdif;onf/ wu,fwrf;vbuf&nfa&mufvmí olaomufMunfUNyD; rsufESmysuf

oGm;onfudkvn;f ndK owdjyKrd\/

]bmjzpfvkdUvJ ..jiKwfoD;pyfvkdUvm; }

ndK\ [moukd olr&,fedkif csKd&JBuD;Asm vbufajcmufuvnf;[k vTwfueJ ajymNyD;rS at;

av usKyfwkdUawmu twkdif;ygyJ[k avQmcsum r&,fcsif&,fcsif &,faeonf/

]udkazaomif; wkdUawmrSm txufwef;ausmif;&Sdvm; }

olUrsufESm rtDromjzpfoGm;jyefNyD; &SdwJUawmrSm &Sdw,f/ r&SdwJUawmrSm ausmif;awmifr

&Sdzl;/ rlvwef;ausmif;&SdwJUawmawGrSmvnf; pmroifedKifwJUuav;awG trsm;BuD; ?ausmif;pm&dwf rwwf

edKifwma&m rdbtvkyfawGrSm 0ifaeus&wma&m ...&ifarmp&mBuD; [kpum;aMumukd wbufokdUvSnfU

um ajymonf/

ndKonf aumufnSif;wqkyfekdufNyD;rS [kwfvm; [k wtHUwMoar;\/

]'gbmrS rqef;ygbl;? NrdKUuynmwwfawG awmrSm ausmif;q&moGm;vkyfMuzkdU wkdufwGef;

&kHeJU 'DjyóemrNyD;oGm;bL; oifay;olzufu NynfUpkHawmif oif,lolzufu ,ledKifr,fUtajctaevkdao;

w,f/ wcsdKUuav;awGqkd&if tpfudkwESpf nDwESpf ausmif;wufae&w,f/}

olUpum;r&Sif;í ndKu b,fvkd[kjyefar;onf/

]tpfudkausmif;aewJUESpfrSm nDuraeedKifbl;av? aiGrvkHavmufvkdUqkdygpkdU/ aemufESpfawmU

nDausmif;ae? tpfudku rdom;pk 0ifaiG&Sm? 'DvkdMuHzefoif&wmyJ/}

olUpum;wGif owif;w&yftaejzihfomru wpfpkHwcka[majymcsufykHo@efa&mufvmonf

txd ndKem;axmifae&onf/ 'geJU udkazaomif;u ynmb,favmufoifcJU&ovJ[k olrjzwfar;\/

tif;...a&;wwfzwfwwfawmU &SdwmaygU [kolajzum oGm;Mu&atmif edK;aqmfonf/

aps;BuD;a&mufí pmtkyfqkdifokdU wef;oGm;um oliSm;vkdonfU pmtkyfudk a&G;pOfvnf; ndKo

wdxm;rdonf/ bmomjyefpmtkyfrsm;zuf oJoJrJrJ olvkduff&Smaeonfudk rodusKd;uRHjyKí ndKaps;0,fvkduf

OD;r,f [líajymum xGufcJU\/

aps;0,fNyD;jyefta&muf olUvufxJ pmtkyfESpftkyfayGUvsuf ?

]emw,fAsm...zwfcsifwmawG trsm;BuD;&Sdw,f? pabmfrwwfedKifawmUvkdU ESpftkyfxJiSm;

edKifw,f/ usKyftjzpfu &wemodkufBuD;awGUcJYygvsuf *ltufuGJMum;xJ 0ifr&vkdU t0uvufvSrf;rSD&m

Page 13: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

SD

'*Fg;ESpfjym; avmufyJ aumufvm&olxuf epfemao;w,f}

ndKuaps;BuD;okdU xyfrvmrcsif; pmtkyfjyefrtyfedKifyJ &ufwkd;wufrnfU ta&;awG;ylaepOf?

olu ykdufqHxyf&SmOD;r,fAsm 'DwcgaiGprsm;rsm;eJU&if;NyD; bPÖmodkfufu wBuHK;BuD;eKdufr,f[k Budrf;0g;ae

yg\/

tjyefvrf;wGif olruaemufuxkdifí pmtkyfrsm;jrnfUMunfUonf/ edKifiHwum\ aemufcH

taMumif;ESifh ,aeUumvukdazmfjyxm;aom pmtkyfrSef;odí jyefydwfvkduf&if; udkazaomif; NrdKUBuD;jyBuD;

awmU a&mufzl;w,fr[kwfvm;[k arjyef\/

ol [ufueJ&,fNyD; edKifiHjcm;awGawmif a&mufzl;w,f[k jyefajzonf/

][kwfovm; ..b,fedKifiHawGvJ}

]tkd...trsm;BuD;aygU? tckndK,lMunfUwJU pmtkyfxJU edKifiHawG? usKyf'DaeUa&mufOD;rSmaygU

r[kwfzl;vm;}

ndKwOD;wnf;NyKH;aeonf/

vrf;tcGJwGif olrtm;eKwfquf&if; aus;ZL;wifw,faemf..usKyftwGufawmU ndK[mt

zkd;tkd&JU awmifa0S;xuf tm;udk;&w,f/ a':uRJrBuD;&JUajr;vkdU rajym&yJ odomedkifwJU tcsufyJ[k csD;rGrf;

\/

ndKtdrfxJuxGufpOf oljrifcJUzl;í ndKwkdUtdrfvm;[k ar;pOfu [kwfygw,f a':uRJrBuD;

u ndKUtzGm;[k olr&,fumajzcJUzl;aomaMumifhyif/

______________________________________________-

oHa,mZOftwdrfteuf[lonf tyfcsnfwvkH;udk cJvkH;csnfí wGif;xJcsMunfUí odedKifonf

rsdK; [kwfr[kwfawmU &DEG,fra0cGJwwf/

ta&;ay:vm&if wpGef;wpowÅdjyonfuawmU trSefyif/ olrarmifav;ESifhwlaom vl

&G,fwOD;wa,mufudk jrif&onfjzpfap? &moDomaom nrsm;ü vrf;twGif;*pfwm0kdif;rS aw;oHMum;&

onf jzpfap? okdUr[kwf armifav;BudKufwwfaom oDcsif;zGifhoHMum;&onfjzpfap &DEG,fvkyfvufp tvkyf

udk&yfvsuf owd&pdwfjzihf ylaqG;jcif;ukd vuf,yfac:NyD; {nfUcHxm;rdpNrJ/

,ckvnf; pmtkyfpifukd &Sif;vif;&if; armifav;zwfaom pmtkyfrsm;udk jrifíMuufarT;wH

udkifum idKifawGaerdonf/olr\ rdcifjzpfolonf tdrfa&SUwHcg;0&yfí vlpdrf;wa,mufESifh pum;ajymae

onfudk jrifí &DEG,f&ifxdwfoGm;&onf/

xkdolonf &DEG,farmifav;taMumif;vma&mufpkHprf;olyif jzpf&rnfukd olrtwwfodonf

xkdolpdwfysufaom rsufESmjzifh jyefvSnfUxGufoGm;rS olrrdcif&Sd&m &DEG,fqif;vm&if; odvsufyifar;rdjyef

onf/

]bmvJtar tarUom;taMumif; vmar;wmyJ r[kwfvm;}

}wjcm;bm&Sd&OD;rvJ? igawmU wwfedKif&if qkdif;bkwfwifxm;&aumif;rvm;awmif pOf;pm;

rdw,f/ }[k olrrdcifajzum pdwfvSKyf&Sm;aeaom trlt&mjzihf tdrfxJjyef0ifvmonf/

Page 14: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

tarUrsufESm oem;p&maumif;avmufatmif ylyefrSKta&mifwkdU a&m,Sufaeí &DEG,fr

MunfU&ufMunfU&ufjrifNyD; taruvnf; trlt&modyfysufwmyJ[k *&kPm a'gaomajymrdonf/

igodyf[efraqmifwwfbl; aemufqkd&if eifwkdUyJxGuf&Sif;awmU [ktarajym&if; bk&m;pif

bufwufoGm;onfwGif &DEG,fwa,mufxJ rSefbD&kday:xifaeaom olrrsufESmudk jyefMunfUrdonf/ wkef

vSKyfaewJUrsufESm? [if igvnf;xkdenf;¤if;ygyJ? 'Daumifav;jyóem b,fawmUrS qkH;r,frxifzl;? &ifqkdif

ckdif;vkduf&ifaumif;rvm;? tkdrjzpfao;bl;/ MumawmUvnf; arUarUaysmufaysmufjzpfoGm;Mur,fxifw,f

[k awG;um ykdif&SifrJUaeaom *pfwmtm; qGJ,ludkifMunfUaerdonf/

vmav wyk'f ESpfyk'fqdkprf;yg[k olrtm;ZGwfac:qkdckdif;NyD;? oDcsif;rqkH;cif w[J[J&,fum

vufuGufrSm;oGm;vkdU [k aemufwD;aemufawmufvkyfavU&Sdaom olrarmifav;onf awm&bkef;BuD;

ausmif;ü a,mifcsmcsmtazmfrJUae&Sma&mUrnf/ [kdwavmuawmU av;cGwvufudkifNyD; awmifypf ajrmuf

ypf vkyfaeonfwJU ?iSufawGudkzrf;wmawmU r[kwfygbl;? olUudk tEÅ&m,fjyKzkdUvmrnfUolawGudk av;cGeJU

ypfNyD; xGufajy;zkdUqkdyJ/

olrtawG;rqkH;cif OD;av;atmif qkdifu,fwzkH;zkH;rnfvQuf tdrfa&SUvm&yf\/ &DEG,fwH

cg;ukd csufcsif;ajy;zGifh&if; jrefjrefwuf? bmvkdUqkdifu,foHBuD; 'Davmufjrnfatmif armif;vm&ovJ[k

qD;BudK&efawGUvkduf\/

[m...igUqkdifu,fu [Gef;uvGJ&if tukefjrnfw,fqdkwmrsdK;[ [k OD;av;atmif&Sif;csuf

xkwfum acR;okwf&if; 0ifvmonf/ bk&m;crf;a&mufaeolrSm ylyefaZmjzihf tarmwaumqif;vmjyef\/

&DEG,fwHcg;jyefydwf&if; bmxl;ao;vJ[k avoHjzifh ar;onf/ OD;atmifu zGuf,lvmaom pmukd xkwfay;

onf/ tdrf0ef;usifvl&Sif;r&Sif; tuJcwfNyD; &DEG,fzwfMunfU\/

]azaomif;? aeaumif;w,f

ykduffqHvufusefueJ

ajym&rSmvnf; tm;emw,f}

pmudkzwfNyD;onfESifh olrcsufcsif;0g;pm;vkdufonf/ taronf rcsifhr&JjzpfoGm;NyD; igawmif

rzwfvkduf&bl;[k NiLpl\/ olaeaumif;w,f? ydkufqHxyfawmif;&rSm tm;emaew,fwJU? 'gyJ[k &DEG,fajz

&if; azaomif; qdkwm olemrnfajymifxm;wmvm;[kar;onf/

OD;av;atmifu&,fvsuf at;..tJ'gwrsdK;aumif;w,f[kajzonf/

&DEG,fykdufqH,l&ef tHqGJaomUzGifh&if; MunfUvJajymxm;OD; 'Daumif avQmufvnfaeOD;r,f

b,fvkdrS pdwfcs&wmr[kwfbl;? awm&ausmif;qkdayr,fU Oykwfvm,lolawG &Sdwwfw,f? pyfpyfpkpkawG

eJUa&maxG;rdrSjzifh ...pojzihf om;trdESpfa,mufwwGwfwGwfrSmMum;aeonfudk OD;av;atmif acgif;

ndwf&if; pdwfcsyg[kom wkHUjyefonf/

pmtkyfawG qkdifrSmoGm;iSm;zwfaeaMumif;om olwkdUom;trdodvsif &ifxkí ntdfyfraysmf

jzpfMuOD;rnf[k OD;av;atmifawG;rd&if; NyHK;apUapUvkyfaerd\/

][kwfw,f? ndKvJolUudk rouFmzl;}

Page 15: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

][if..rouFmwmawmif bmvkdUw&if;wESD;vkyfae&ao;vJ ?eifuav;vnf; r[kwfawmU

bl;? "gwfBudK;udk prf;udkifw,fqkdwm a>rudki,fxdwfykwfwmxuf aMumufp&maumif;w,f? a>rudkuf&if

aq;&Sdao;w,f[JU}/

ruRrf;usifyJ BudK;wef;vrf;avQmufoludk MunfUae&ovkd rsufESmjzifh a':wifwifqlylae

onf/ndKum; aEGaeUvnfwGif a&cJrkefUZdrfcHpm;aeonfU trlt&mrsdK;yif/

]"gwfBudK;ayr,fU ndKwkdUtdrfrSm oG,fxm;wJU"gwfBudK;rsdK;yg/ b,fwkef;u rD;vmbl;vkdUvJ?

ndKodcsifwmu 'D"gwfBudK;&JU aemufaMumif;trSef}

]eif..ajymav uJav vkyfjyefNyD...csufcsif;rD;vmvkdU [kwfayUjzpfoGm;r,f}

]rylygeJUtar..ndKbufu rdef;cvkwfydwfxm;&if pdwfcs&ygw,f}

]bmpdwfcs&wmvJ ?avmuy&d,m,f eifbmem;vnfovJ eiftckrS todkufxJu acgif;jyKL

MunfUwwf,kH&Sdao;w,f? iSufawG[m rjzpfraetpm&Smpm;&wm ...tEÅ&m,fawG 0kdif;aew,fqkdwm

oabmaygufxm;...

qDylxJ ig;twkH;xnfUcsvkdufí &SJueJ jrnfNyD; qDjrKwfrsm;xvmonf/ orD;vkyfoltm; ql

ylaeonfUMum;u qDawGuvnf; wkdUi,fi,fuvkd r[kwfbl;[k Mum;jzwfawG;rd\/

]'DrSmawGUvm; ?vlawGtppftrSefukd twkawGta,mifawG a&mukefMuwm qDawGutp

trSefr&SdawmUbl;? xrif;ylyleJU qrf;pm;vn;fbmt&omrSr&Sd ESvkH;aoG;aMumydwfzkdU ydkeD;pyfwJU tEÅ&m,f

awmif&Sdw,fwJU igzwfzl;w,f}

ndKu jiKwfqkHxJrS axmif;NyD;orQ edKufxkwfaeonf/

]tarajymovkdyJ ndKu todkufxJu acgif;jyLMunfUae&wm rSefygw,f/ 'gayr,fU oluvJ

tEÅ&m,fray;wwfwJU iSufuav;waumifygyJtar..olUrSm xdefUvefUp&mtaMumif;wckaMumifh usD;uef;

vkdyJ ylyefae&w,f? usD;uef;awmifrS wcgwav pdwfat;vufat;omaevkdU&ao;w,f? ndKajymcsifwm

u ol[m av;cGudkifxm;w,f? 'gayr,fU MuufiSufawG ypfzkdUr[kwfbl; }

]eif b,favmufodvkdUvJ ?ig eifhtazeJU wkdifvkdufawmUr,f}

ndKvkH;0raMumufay/ tazudkUvn;f xkdtwkdif;yif ndKjyef&Sif;jyrnfjzpfonf/

________________________________________

]usKyf ndKUukd tEÅ&m,frjyKygbl; pdwful;awmifr&Sdbl;? ukd,fU[mudkf,fawmif...}

olpum;rqufyJ &yfvkduf\/blwm&kHuav;rSm &xm;qkdufNyD;csdefjzpfaomfvnf; a&pifBuD;

atmuf a&csdK;jyefvmaom uav;rsm;jzihf &SKyfaxG;qlnHae\/ bJwtkyfudk ausmif;vmaom bJausmif;

om;u ykdqkd;ukd pvG,fokdif;vsuf abmif;bDwkdMum;rS av;cGudkxkwfum opfyifBuD;ay: csdef&G,faeonf/

]tJ'gawGu ..ndK,kH,kHeJU rvkHavmufbl;av}

[kwfygw,f[kom oljyefajzvsuf eKwfffqdwfaeonf/ bJausmif;om;\ vufcsufaMumifh

ca&yifBuD;ay:rS iSufwtkyf &kwf&kwfoJoJjzpfoGm;onfudk ESpfa,mufvkH;MunfUaeNyD;rS olu..usKyfvG,f

tdwfxJu av;cGufawmU...[kum;ponf/

Page 16: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

nf/

]tJ'DtaMumif;vJ ndKUtarudkjyefajymNyD;ygNyD/ tEÅ&m,fudk ckcHzkdUyJqkdwm}

oloufjyif;omcsae\/ 'Dwcg &xm;qkduf&if tazygvmr,f? taruvn;f? xif;pnf;

awG vSnf;eJUoGm;wkdufaew,f? awmfMumjyefvmawmUrSm 'gawmif tbarmifeJU tyfoGm;ao;w,f/ ndK

u tbarmifudk yGifhyGifhvif;vif;ajymxm;vkdU/...[k ndKtoday;onf/

][kwfvm;..tbarmifu usKyfudk b,fvkdjrifovJ}

ndKcsufcsif;rajzyJ ZvDzm;wkH;ay: uyfnSdaeonfU &Gufajcmufrsm;udk wkwfwacsmif;jzihf wGef;

csae\/ olwkdUeSpfa,muf aea&mifus&mzuf ausmfay;í ZvDzm;wkH;ay: xkdifaejcif;jzpfonf/

]tbarmifukd ndKajymxm;w,f? ukdazaomif;[m &kyf&Sif o&kyfaqmifwa,mufygvkdU}

[m...[k ola&&GwfNyD; ndKtm;em;rvnfovkd vSnfUMunfUonf/

][kwfw,f..ol o&kyfaqmifae&wJU tcef;[m iSufuav;waumiftjzpfyJ / 'gayr,fU

o&kyfaqmif&wm MumawmU yifyef;NyD; cPwjzKwfem;csifaew,f/ Zmwfvrf;xJu b0udkarUNyD; yuwd

twkdif; aecsif em;csifaew,f/ tJ'Dvkd em;cGifh&wJU tcsdefa&muf&if 'g&kdufwmu ray;em;yJ quf&kdufckdif;

w,f/olpdwfa&m vla&m yifyef;aeNyDvkdU}

ZvDzm;wkH;tykHay:rS ol &kwfcsif;qif;í ndKUeHab; ol&yfvkdufonf/

]usKyftrlt&mawGu 'Davmufawmif tdajEysufaeNyDvm;? usKyf....}

]tJ'gawmU ndKrajymwwfbl;? ndKxifwm rrSm;bl;vkdUawmU ndK,kHw,f}

ndKESifh rsufESmcsif;qkdifol&yfvkdufí usaejcnfu olUrsufvkH;rsm;xJ pl;pkdufa&mufvmonf/

ol OD;xkyfukd ikdufikdufaqmif;&mrS ezl;ay:ykdí zdqGJcsum

]at;av...usKyfudk,fwkdifuvJ tpuwnf;u odyf*&kwpkdfuf raecsifvSbl;? aysmfovkd

yJaeNyD; vkyfcsifwmawGqufvkyfcsifw,f/ tckawmU 'Dblwm&kHuav;ukd usKyfcifwG,faeNyD 'Da&tkd;pifu

a&udk aomufNyD; uwnf;uqkdygawmU usKyf'Dukd a&mufvmwm t"dyÜg,fopfwck &Sdaeovkd cHpm;&w,f/

pum;awguvnf; vkd&if;udk ra&mufbl;[k ndKu&SKHUrJUjyvsuf &SKwfcsonf/ ol&,fae\/

][kwfr,fav? usKyf'DvkdyJ ajymcGifh&Sdwmukd;? usKyftajctaeukdu ndKUvkd oufoufomom

yGifhyGifhvif;vif; aecGifhrS r&Sdwm/ 'gonfyif vQif usKyfb0...}

um;vrf;ay:rS auGUíxif;vSnf;vmaeonfudk ndKjrifvkdufonf/ xkdif&mrS &kwfueJx\/

][kdrSm tarvmaeNyD 'Dwcg tyf&r,fU pmtkyf tbarmifukday;vkdufyg/ 'Dvkdcsnf;yJ iSuf

vkdvkd...av;cGorm;vkdvkd tarwkdUjrifae&if ndKeJUpum;ajymzkdU rjzpfedKifawmUbl;}

&kHykdifBuD; tdrfzufajy;xGufoGm;aom olraemufausmwGif qHprsm;axG;ueJ vSKyf&r;fvkduf

ygoGm;MuonfrSm olUtm;vufjyeKwfqufoGm;onfokdU olem;vnfvkduf\/ bmyJjzpfjzpf ywf0ef;usifESifh

uif;r&onfU vlom;b0\ vGwfvyfcGifhtaMumif; 'Dn olpOf;pm;rnf/

________________________________________________________

awm&ausmif;jyefa&mufNyD; olb,frS rxGufawmUbJ Nidrfukwfíaevkduffonf/

OD;av;atmifa&mufvmNyD; [kd[kd'D'D odyfroGm;eJU vlawGeJU odwfr&SKwfeJU tajctaeraumif;ao;bl;? rif;tdrfudk

vmvmNyD; rsuffESmpdrf;awG vmpkHprf;aeMuw,f [k owif;ay;\/

Page 17: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

]usaemfU oli,fcsif;awG jzpfrSmyg ..tarwkdU rodvkdU aevdrfUr,f}

]'gawmU igvJ rodbl;? rif;tareJU tpfru bmudk rqkdoHo,eJU ylyefae&w,f? 'gudkrif;

iJUnSmOD;? rif;vkyfcsifwm vkyfcJUNyD;NyD}

rNyD;ao;bl; OD;av;atmif [k oljyefajymcsifaomfvnf; rajymjzpfcJU/ igvnf; cPcPr

vmedKifbl;? rif;ykdufqHukd MunfUokH;uG tajctaeukd apmifhMunfUaeOD;[k rSmNyD; q&mawmfudk OD;csum OD;

av;atmif jyefoGm;cJUonf/

olUtajctaeum; þawm&ausmif;okdU a&mufumpES,fyif a,mifcsmcsmjyefjzpfcJUjyef\/

ykdqkd;onfu olcifwG,frdNyDjzpfaom awmblwmav;twGuf olajzrqnfedKifovkd ae&jcif;yif/

_________________________________________________

tazu orD;udk,kHygw,f? 'gayr,fU pdwfrcswmawmU &Sdw,f/[ktazajymcJUNyD;NyD/ olvl

aumif;wa,mufyg taz? cifp&maumif;w,fqkdwm ndK&kd;&kd;yJ ajym0HUygw,f[k ndKaxmufcHay;&kHom

wwfedKifcJUonf/

ndK\tazonf aq;wHukd rD;ndS&if; aEGn avajy&vkd&jim; NyKwif;0odkUoGm;&yfae\/ rD;

ylxkd;NyD;aom t0wfrsm;udk pD&D&if; ndKvnf;tjyifbuf arQmfMunfUrdonf/ ukuúdKyifBuD;yif t&GufrvSKyf

Nidrfoufae\/ tarSmifxkxJrS avajyvm; av&kK;vm;? udk,fa&mifBuD;rjrifbJ arQmfMunfU&onfrSm a&

&mrSKuif;vSonf[k ndKawG;aerd\/ odkUwapä....

ra[mfo"mtrwfBuD;[m tdk;xdef;onfqDrSm bmvkdUwynfUoGm;cHNyD; ZmwfNrKyfaecJUwmvJ

taz[k ndKaumufumiifum ar;vkdufonf/tazauseyfpGmNyHK;aeao;\/ jyLwif;ayguftjyif navxk

xJ aq;wHaiGUrsm;xkwfvkdufNyD;rS ...

at;at;...ndKUudktazwkdUu uav;wa,mufvkd pdwfrcsvdkU w[JU[JUeJU rxdef;aumif;

ygbl;? t&m&mudk owdeJU,SOfNyD; jyKrlajymqkdvkyfudkifyg[kom tajzay;\/

a':wifwifonf rD;ylxJ rD;aoG;topfjznfUae&mrS 'DrSm.....[k pum;ponf/

]wcgu arsmufwaumif[m awm&ausmif;em;rSmae&if; w&m;tm;xkwfwJU yk*¾dKvfawGyg;

pyfu 'ku© 'ku©vkdUa&&GwfaeMuwm em;rvnfedKifvkdU q&mawmfudk oGm;ar;avQmufw,f}

ndKonf tarUvufxJu rD;ylBuD;xufraygUaom pum;Oyrmjzihf ndKUacgif;udk xkcsawmU

rnf[k BudKem;vnfvsuf NyHK;íapmifhBudKae&onf/

'DawmU q&mawmfu at;...'ku©ukdodcsif&if aemufaeUvmcJUvkdU csdef;NyD; *kHeDtdwfxJ tpm

rauR;yJxm;wJU acG;qkd;waumifxnfUcsnfay;xm;vkdufw,f/ aemufwaeU arsmufvmawmU uJ rif;odcsif

wJU 'ku© 'DtdwfxJrSm &Sdw,f? 'gayr,fU 'gudk opfyifr&SdwJU uGif;jyifxJusrS zGifhMunfUvkdUrSmowJU/ arsmuf

vnf; tdwfBuD;udk ro,fedKifawmU '&GwfwkdufqGJNyD; ,loGm;&wmaygU/ txJu acG;b,favmufa'gojzpf

aervJ nnf;pOf;pm;MunfU ?uGif;jyifxJa&mufrS BudK;vnf;ajzMunfUa&m a'goxGufaewJU acG;em..opf

yifay: ajy;wufp&mr&SdwJUarsmuf nnf;rsufpdxJjrifatmifMunfU? tJ'Dvkd 'ku©ukdvufawGUusus odcsif

wJU arsmuftwGuf ajymjy&kHeJU rvkHavmufbl;jzpfaewm/

Page 18: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

tarUpum;tay: ndkoabmuspGmyif vkduf&,faecJUonf/

tarum;rD;aoG;cJrsm; avmufpmaumif;&ef ,yfcyfay;aeonf/ ndKMunfUí aumufum

iifum þodkUajymav\/

]vlawGu aEGnylvSvkdU at;&mat;aMumif; &Smae&w,f/ rD;ylBuD;uawmU aEGtylukd em;

rvnfwJUtjyif at;rSmpdk;vkdU rD;,yfxJUay;ae&ao;w,faemf}

_________________________________---

awmblwmav; aendKcsdef ola&mufcJUjyefonf/

a&wrSKwfcyfaomufNyD;onfUwkdif tarmrajyao;ovkd jzpf&jcif;rSm aEGnaeaMumifhawmU

r[kwfwef&m/ aejcnfapmif;í rD;qvkdufxkd;ovkd usaecsdef bJausmif;om; armif;ESif&m woDwwef;BuD;

csDvmaom bJtkyfudk ai;&onfUt&om &xm;vrf;ay:rS ausmufcJrsm;ay: trSKdufo&kduftcsKdU vl;vm

acgufwkHUavESifwkdif; vdrfUaeonfudkjrif&onfU t&om? atmfoH ac:oHrsm;Mum;rS uav;wkdUajy;vTm;aps;

a&mif;&efvmMuykH? jrif;eufBuD;tarmUqkdUovkd 0ifvmaom pmydkU&xm;acgif; olUtwGuf tm;vkH;jrif&

Mum;&ygvQuf rjynfUpkH/

ndKonf 'efUovGefoD;rsm;cl;ae&mrS olUtm;arQmfMunfUae\/

b,fuvmvkdU b,fvkdvlvJqdkwm rajym&if usrwdkU'DxufykdUvkdUr&bl;[k olrajymcsifaeo

vm; / olUzmomem;vnfvkdufonf/ awmblwmav;zufyif oljyefai;aevkduf\/

ndKraeedKifonfU wnaewGif a&tkd;pifudk a&jznfU&if;teD;rSm ikwfwkwfxkdifaeaom olU

tm;rMunfUyJ pum;wcGef;pvkduf\/

]bmvkdU 'Davmuf0efav;aewmvJ? pmtkyfawG rzwfcsifbl;vm;}

oluvnf OD;xkyfaysmUzwfzwfudk cgwkdif;vkd ikdufikdufaqmif;xkdifvsuf ndKtm;vSnfUrMunfU/

]pmrsufESmay:u pmawGudkvnf; zwfcsifw,f? vlwa,muf rsufESmay:u tu©&mrygwJU

t"dyÜg,fawGudkvnf; bmomjyefMunfUcsifw,f/ aeapmif;vkdU raomuf&ao;wJU t&uform;xuf usKyf

tae&cufaeygw,f}

ndK olUtm;&,fvnf;&,fcsif pdwfvnf;r&SnfcsifawmU/ 'ku©qkdwm eKwfcrf;arT;xlvyspfBuD;

eJU rSKefukwfukwfvlwa,muf xHrSm b,fodkU &edKifrvJ[kolrpOf;pm;aerd\/ okdUaomf aomufa&jznfUNyD;

olrjyefvmcJU\/ olpdwfysufvufysufjyefoGm;jyefonf/

tawG;pkHjzihf &SKyfaxG;aemufMunfUaejcif;aMumifh olUaemufrSm wpkHwa,mufaemufa,mif

cH vkdufvmonfudkyif owdrjyKrdyJ awm&ausmif;txd idkfufpkdufavQmufoGm;rdonf/

___________________________________________

] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . w a , m m u f x J

nnf;aiGUae&w,f/ jzpfedkif&if tquftoG,fvkyfapcsifw,f/ b,folawG b,frSm&SdvJ igvnf;rodbl;?

Page 19: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

bl;?

rif;wkdUodorQ pkHprf;ay;yg/ igwkdU'Dtwkdif;aevdkUvnf; a&&SnfrSmjzpfrSmr[kwfbl;? xyfvSKyf&Sm;&OD;rSmyJ/'g

aMumifh 'Dpm&&jcif; igwkdUtzGJUawG jyefpkkxm;Muyg/ igaemufwapmifxyfa&;OD;r,f/ tJ'Dus&if igUukdawGU

e d K i f r, f U a e & m i g a & ; a y ;v k du f y g r, f . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

....tck igUemrnfazaomif;vkdUyJ rif;wkdUokH;pGJMuyg/...../

olUpmudk tqkH;owfNyD; tdwfxJydwfacgif;uyfonf/

&Hzef&HcgrS awm&ausmif;okdU vmwwfaom bkef;BuD;ausmif; om;av;tm; rkefUzkd;ay;í

pmxnfUckdif;&efpOf;pm;ae\/

_______________________________________

]ra&mufwmvnf; MumNyDbk&m;/ wynfUawmftvkyfrsm;aevkdU owd&vsuf rvmedKifygbl;}

OD;a&Tcif vSKbG,f0wÅKrsm;jzifh uefawmU&if; q&mawmftm;avQmufonf/ tvkduftxkduf

{nfUcHaeaom q&mawmftm; ausmif;xJrSm vli,fwa,muft&ifu rjrifbl;ygvm;...?q&mawmUf

ausmif;rSm aeaewmvm;bk&m;[k ar;vkduf\/

q&mawmfrSm tdajE´yifrysuf at;...igeJUruif;&mruif;aMumif;xJuyJ [komjyefrdefU

onf/ awmuvm;bk&m;[k ar;aomfvn;f olUrdbawG cPvmxm;Muwmyg/ vlaumif;yg[komajzonf/

____________________________________________

OD;a&Tcif jyefajymjycsufukd a':wifwif rsufarSmifusHKUem;axmifaeonf/

q&mawmfudk,fwkdifu a&a&&m&mrodwmvm;? rajymcsifvdkUvm;[k a&&Twfvsuf ndKUzuf

vSnfUMunfUonf/ ndKum;tm;rvdktm;r& em;axmifae&mrS ...wckckawmU vsKdU0Sufcsifaewm trSefyJ

[kem;vnfrd\/

&ufykdif;twGif;xl;jcm;csufu ndK\odvkdpdwfukd ydkíedK;qGonf/ taES;&xm;ay:rS qif;vm

aomvleSpfa,mufESifh udkazaomif;wdkU blwmteD;u vbuf&nfqkdifrSm aeUw0ufeD;yg;acgif;csif;qkdif&kduf

aeMujcif;yif/ ndKonf jcH0if;xJrS tm;rvkdtm;r&acsmif;MunfUaeNyD; olwkdUtzGJU ukuúdKyifBuD;aemufzufoGm;

MuykH awm&ausmif;bufoGm;&mvrf;ukd azaomif;u ñTefjyaeykH? [kdem;avsmuf 'Dem;avsmufESifh blwm

w0kdufwGifom pum;ajym&if; tcsdefjzKef;MuNyD;rS naepmykdU&xm;tjyef olwkdUjyefíygoGm;Muonf/

azaomif;vufxJ xkd{nfUonfESpfOD;ay;cJUonfU txkyfrsm;wayGUwykdufjzihf auseyfpGm jyef

oGm;onfudk ndKjcHpnf;&kd;Mum;rS acsmif;MunfUí usefcJU&\/

_____________________________________________

ya[#drSefvsif tajz&Sd&pNrJ[k ndK,kHonf/l

wu,fwrf;usawmU oJvGefpudk &Smwkef;urawGU? r&SmyJ cvkwfwkdufrS wJUwJUwkd;rSef;od&

NyD; &ifxdfwfoJzdkqefqef ndKcHpm;vkduf&\/

Page 20: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

&\/

{NyDvqef;NyDrdkU oBuFefwGif; pwk'DomauR;&eftpDtpOf twGuf ndKwkdUtdrfa&SUzuf&Sd &GmxJ

rS tysdKacgif;aqmif rcifat;a&mufvmonf/ ndKxHrS tvSLaiGaumuf&if; tpDtpOf ajym&if; [kda&muf

onfa&muf pum;ajymaejzpf\/

]rrat;wkdUausmif; b,fawmUjyefzGifhrSmvJ}

]raMuNimao;ygbl;[m MumOD;r,fxifwmyJ jyóemu....}

rcifat; pum;rqkH;bJ yg;pyfta[mif;om;jzihf ukuúdKyifbufMunfU&if; [JU...[k a&&Gwf

um aocsmatmif rsufvkH;yGwfoyfMunfUae\/

udkazaomif;onf ol0wfqifaeus taqmifta,mifrsm;ESifhyif blwmrSma&mif;aom pm

apmiftcsdKUudk vSefavSmMunfUaeonfudk awGU&onf/

]rrat;...olUudkodvkdUvm;}

]at;[UJ...wlawmUwlw,f aeOD; ?eKwfcrf;arT;BuD;eJU [JU..[kwfygNyD? olub,fvkd...

'Duk da&muf.... }

rcifat; pum;rsm;jywfawmif; ?jywfawmif; jzifh tHUMopGmai;pkdufae\/ ukdazaomif; pm

apmifwck0,foGm;NyD;? ukuúdKyifuG,f&mzuf idkufpkdufpkdufxGufoGm;rS...

][kwfwmaygU aocskmNyD MunfUprf;? igu olygoGm;NyDatmufarUaewm}

ndK\ odvkdpdwfukd uvdxkd;aeovkd &Sdvmí rrat; wkdUausmif;uvm;[k tarmwaum

ar;vkdufonf/ at;[kwfw,f? igwkdUeJU bmomwlwlyJ tcef;awmUrwlbl; [kajzonf/

]olUemrnf udkazaomif;qkd}

][kwfvm; ...igemrnfawmUb,fodrvJ ?'gayr,fU vlawmUodygw,f? tm;upm;yGJawG

rSm b,fu0DpDukd ,lvmNyD; wwDwDrSKwfaerSef;rodbl;? vufawGUcrf;xJrSmvnf; tjrJaqmUaewm...

aMomf igu olygoGm;NyDrSwfvdkU}

]bmygwmvJ rrat;&JU}

ndKtar;aMumifh rcifat; [kdwaMumif; 'DwaMumif; ZmwfaMumif;jyef&if; ndKuGufuGufuGif;

uGif; aemufcHpum;ajymESifh &kyf&SifjyuGufvkdjrifvmonf/

][kdwavmu ausmif;rSm &kwf&kwf &kwf&kwf jzpfw,fr[kwfvm;? tJ'goluzkd;wuf<uvkyf

aewm ?igwkdUtaqmifbufawmif vmac:ao;w,f/ igaMumufvkdUawmU rvkduf&Jbl;? vufudkifyk0gawG

awmU pkNyD;ay;vkdufygw,f/

xkdokdUajymNyD; rcifat; wpkHwckowd&í [JU..igtm;ay;wm b,folrS rodapeJUOD; awmf

Mum igygtpGJcHae&OD;r,f[k xdwfvefUpGmeKwfydwf\/ ndK&,fí pdwfcsyg rrat;&JU [k uwday;vdkfuf&onf/

l udkazaomif;qkdolwkdU ausmif;0if;xJvSnfUykH tkwfckHay:wuf w&m;a[mykHwkdUudk ndKrsufpd

xJ rrat;ajymorQ jrifa,mifvm\/ uefpyfrSm twD;cH&NyD; aemufwaeU ausmif;0if;xJolwdkUjyefa&muf

vmao;w,f ydwfNyD;qGJoGm;awmU olygoGm;NyDatmufarUaewm MunfUprf; olausmif;0if;tjyifrSmvnf;

tJ'gawGvkdufvkyfaeao;w,f/ vufpoyfawmU ukd,fawmfacsmu 'Dudkvma&SmifaewmyJ jzpf&r,f[k

Page 21: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

wxpfcsajymae\/

xdefUvefUjcif;Mum;rSyif ndKb0ifusoGm;NyDjzpfonf/

tdrfa&SUwHcg;0rS acgif;NyLí vdkufMunfUaeao;aom rcifat;yckH;tm;ykwfí

]rrat;...b,folrS rajymeJUaemf? ol'ku©a&mufygr,f}

]tdk...bmvkdUajym&rvJ? igwkdUtwlwlyJOpöm...}

xkdokdU rcifat;ajymNyD; olb,f&GmvmaeovJrodbl;aemf todaqGrsKd;awGqDvmaew,fxif

w,f/ pojzifh awG;qajymajymae\/rrat; rodcsifa,mifaqmifae? 'Dem;rSm rrat;wkdUausmif;u w

jcm;vlvJ &Sdwmr[kwfbl;? awmfMum rrat;udk awGUvkdUolvefUNyD; xGufajy;oGm;OD;r,f[k ndKowday;\/

igpOf;pm;aewm[k rcifat;jyefajymonf/

]igolUudk tm;ay;vkduf&if aumif;rvm;vkdU ?udk,fUwausmif;xJ om;csif;vnf;jzpfw,f/

ukd,fU&yf&GmrSma&mufaewmvJjzpfw,f/ 'gayr,fU ndKajymovkd olvefUNyD; xyfajy;ae&OD;r,f? wu,f

awmU 'DrSmaewmaumif;w,f/}

]ndKMunfUvkyfvkdufr,f? rrat;tomaevkduf ndKeJUolpum;enf;enf;ajymzl;ygw,f? ol

oem;p&mawmUaumif;w,f/ odyfysif;aewm? tazmfvnf;r&Sdbl;? pmzwfcsifawmUvnf; tcufBuHKaew,f}

wqufwnf; ndKUrdbrsm;oabmxm;udkyg ndKajymjyvkdufonf/

rcifat; acgif;ndrfUí at;aumif;w,f? igaemufaeUvmcJUOD;r,f ndKMunfUNyD; olUudkajym

xm;vkduf[k oabmwlonf/

aemufwaeU aendKcsdefawmblwmav;okdU ola&mufvmjyefonf/ pmykH;xJ pmwapmifxnfU

NyD; ZvDzm;wkH;ykHay: ikwfwkwfxkdifí blwmav; jrifuGif;tm; ai;MunfUaejyef\/

&xm;oHvrf;ay:wGif wHvSyfckd;rsm; w&Sdef;&Sdef;xaeonf/ uav;wzGJUrSm oMuFefrusao;

aomfvnf; a&>ywfrsm;jzifh tcsif;csif;usDp,fyufupm;&if; ajy;vTm;aeMu\/ oHvrf;ay:a&usoGm;wkdif;

tckd;taiGUrsm; xGufvmonfudk ola0&D&D rsufvkH;rsm;jzifhom ai;MunfUae\/

ndKolUukd MunfUí oem;Muifempdwfrsm; &ifxJwkd;a0SUa&mufvm\/ aMomfrdom;pk taygif;

tazmfawGeSifh a0;NyD; oltxD;usefae&&SmwmyJ wzufuvn;f b,fuay:vmrSef;rodwJU tEÅ&m,fukd

awG;ae&ao;? bmrS rjynfUpkHwJU awm&ausmif;rSm oljzpfovkdaeaewmyJ [kolrem;vnfvdkuf\/

a&SUwnfUwnfUai;ae&mrS olUrsufvkH;a&SU qHprsm;waxG;BuD;0Jusvmí olvSnfUMunfUvkduf

onf/xl;jcm;aom tNyHK;wckjzifh olUtm;ikHUMunfUaeonfU ndKUrsuf0ef;ndKrsm;ESifh &ifqkdifvkduf&\/

]ysif;aeNyDvm;? [kndKuw&if;wESD; MuifempGmar;onf/ olUtMunfUudkvGJNyD; b,fvkdar;vkduf

wmvJAsm? aeapmif;&if azaomif; raewwfbl;[k yuwdNiD;aiGU rGef;usyfoHjzifh ajz\/

]raeUu vlwcsdKUvmar;oGm;w,f? 'Dem;rSm aumvdyfausmif;om;wa,muf vmykef;aew,f

rawGUbl;vm;wJU}

ndKUpum;aMumifh oltvefUwMum;armUMunfUNyD; OD;xkyfudk zdqGJcsum qwfueJx&yfonf/

][kwfvm;? b,folawGvJ b,frSmvJ}

Page 22: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

vJ}

ndK ykdifykdifedKifedKifNyHK;onf/ avta0UrSm qHEG,f&SnfwkdU ,drf;ueJvSKyfcgygoGm;aom xkdrdef;

uav;onf olUtm;xdefUvefUwMum;jzpfaprnfU owif;qkd;ukd bmaMumifh,lcJU&ygvdrfU/

]ndK ajymvdkufw,fav? ukdazaomif;qkdwJU eKwfcrf;arT;twkBuD;eJU awmom;BuD;wa,muf

awmU &Sdw,fvkdU}

]bmAs...usKyfeKwfcrf;arT;twkr[kwfbl;? tppfAsm 'DrSmMunfU }

ol&SK;&SK;&Sm;&Sm;jzpfoGm;NyD; eKwfcrf;arT;udk vufjzihf wtm;qGJjyonf/ oabmuspGm&,fvkduf

aom ndKU rsufESmtm; ol rausrcsrf;MunfUí...bmvkdUusKyfudk ajymvdkuf&wmvJ ...usKyfoGm;awmU

r,f? aemufb,fawmUrS rvmawmUbl;? olwkdUukdvnf; tvum;aemufwmygvkdU ajymvkduf usKyfrawGU

csifbl;[k bkqwfqwfajymum olxGufoGm;onf/

ukuúdKyifBuD;aemufbuf ola&mufoGm;NyD; awm&ausmif;zufjyefrnfUvrf;zuf olavQmuf

onftxd ndKwcpfcpf&,fvsuf aemufuvkdufoGm;onf/ olrvkHrvJ vSnfUMunfU&if; ndKUtm;awGUí

usKyfaemufrvkdufeJU ? bmrSrygwfoufyg&apeJU[k atmfvGwfonf/

]rvkdufygbl;av/ awm&ausmif;rSm &Sdw,fvkdU owif;ay;vkduf&ifNyD;wmyJ}

tHUMojcif;ru tHUMoí olbmjyefajym&rSef;rod/

vSnfUjyefajcvSrf;rsm; wefUoGm;NyD; ndKtm; wapä o&Jvkd olMunfUaeonf/ pcsifaemufcsif

pdwftm; oem;pdwfu zkH;vTrf;tedKif,loGm;í ndK olUtm; tm;ay;onfU tNyHK;jzifh ....

]vm ...'Dem;rSm vl&dyfenf;enf;uG,fw,f/ ndKajymwmem;axmif bmrS raMumufeJU}

ol rvm0HUao;? ndKtm; aeUcif;aMumifawmifajcmufaom o&JrES,fyif olxifaeykH&onf/

rsufvkH;rsm;0kdif;pufí rsufawmifrcwfMunfUaeao;\/

]vmav...'DrSm pdwfat;at;xm;NyD;xkdif ndKajymwmem;axmif}

ndKajymwmem;axmif[laom pum;onfyif olem;xJ olU&ifxJ yJUwifxyfNyD; vGefqefr&

aom trdefUES,fjzpfoGm;\/ a&tdk;pifESifh ausmfbuf ukuúdKyiftuG,fwGif olarmyef;pGm xkdifvkdufonfUwkdif

pdwfvSKyf&Sm;rSK rjy,fao;aMumif; ndKaocsmjrifodae&\/ olUeHab;yif ndK0ifxkdif í/

]pdwfat;at;xm;yg? ndK b,folUrS rajymygbl;}

oloufjyif;rcs0HUao;? ndKUudkvmar;wm t&yfvlBuD;awGvm;..&JawGvm;? [kdtaumif

awGvm;[k tarmwaumar;aeao;\/ ndK jiifomacgif;,rf;jyonfudk awGUrS oltwefi,foufom

&m&ovkdjzpfoGm;&onf/ &ifxJrSm [kef;ueJawmufaeaom rD;awmufBuD;um; t&SdefraoedKifao;/

]ukdazaomif;wkdUeJU ausmif;rSm bmom&yftwl,lwJU rcifat;ukdodvm;}

]olacgif;,rf;\/ rodbl;Asm bmawGvJ usKyf&ifylaew,f[k yGifhvif;pGm 0efcHvkduf\/ ndK

tcsdefrqkdif;awmUbJ jzpfpOfudk aocsmjyefajymvkdufonf/

]'gqkd&if tJ'D rcifat;qkdwm awGUoGm;NyDaygU ?olodoGm;NyDaygU}

olvSKyfvSKyf&Sm;&Sm;jyefjzpfvmaomfvnf; ckeuavmuf aqmufwnf&mr& rjzpfawmU..

]tJ'gudk rylygeJU rrat;u tm;ay;wJUvlyJ b,foGm;wkdif&rvJ ...udkazaomif;bmawG

Page 23: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

qufvkyfvdkU 'Dtxd ajy;vmcJU&vJqkdwmom ndKUudkajymjyygvm;....bmvkdUtdrfrSmrae&JawmUwmvJ

ndKodyfr&Sif;bl;}

ol,ckrS oufjyif;csonf/ rsufESmrS acR;ap;rsm;udk vG,ftdwfBudK;jzifh yGwfoyf&if;....

tdrfrSmaevkdU rjzpfawmUbl; [ktpcsDonf/

________________________________

aemufwaeU ausmif;0if;xJ ola&mufcsdef raeUu tzrf;rcH&olrsm; jyefpkpnf;rdMuNyD; tyrf;

ajzcrf;rxJ wkdifyifaeMuonf/ raeUuvkdyif tjyifjyefxGufOD;rnf[k MuHK;0g;olu BuHK;0g;\/ olum;..

vufukdifykdpwma&;qGJ&ef vSnf;wef;aps;xJoGm;í puúLaq;rsm;0,f&ef xGufcJU\/

ykdufqHvdkuftvSKcH&if; Mumaeonf/ wjcm;ausmif;rS tzGJUrsm;ESifh tjyefrSmwkdifyif&if; aps;

xJrS oljyefvmawmU ausmif;udktjyifu 0kdif;ydwfNyD;NyDjzpfonf/ 0ifír&awmU / rMumrDyif txJrS tzGJU

rsm;udk ydwfí ac:aqmifoGm;onfudk jrifcJU&onf/

olrausrcsrf;jzihf tdrfjyefvmNyD; &yfuGufxJrS vli,frsm;udkpkonf/ xkdpOfyif olUvSKyf&Sm;rSK

rsm; w&yfuGufvkH;odukefNyD[lívnf;aumif; ausmif;rSm olvSKyf&Sm;cJUorQawGUjrifcJUolrsm; jyefajymí &yf

uGuf&kH;rSmyif olUemrnfudk rSwfom;NyD;NyD[lívnf;aumif; olMum;&onf/

xkdn tdrfrSmolrtdyfyJ rsufapmif;xkd;tdrfrSm wdwfwqdwf oltdyf&efBuHonf/ olUrdbrsm;

aqmufwnf&mr& ylyefNyD; oifhawmf&mykdU&ef pDrHMu\/rsuf&nfESifh tikdESifh wtdrfom;vkH;jzpfaeMuNyDrkdU

olrjiif;qefyJ pDrH&memcHvkduf&awmUonf/

awm&ausmif;q&mawmfxH 'g,umwOD;jzpfol OD;av;atmifu.........

]ausmif;rSm &kwf&kwf &kwf&kwfxJ olygaevkdUbk&m;..ausmif;vJydwfvkdufNyD tJ'gqufNyD;

&SnfausmaerSmpdk;vkdU olwa,mufxJ at;at;aevkdU&r,fU ae&mykdUxm;zkdU pOf;pm;wm q&mUawmUausmif;

yJ owd&w,f/ olUtdrfrSmqkd&if oli,fcsif;awG vmac:vkdU xyfygaeOD;r,f...olUrdbawGvnf; pdwfES

vkH;ylyifaeMuvGef;vkdUyg}

xkdokdU avQmufwifcsuftay: q&mawmfu at; at;[kom cyfat;at;rdefUNyD; 'DrSm&Sdwm

eJUpm;NyD; at;at;aeaygU 'DrSmawmyJ at;aq;ygw,f[kom olUtm;ae&mcsxm;ay;cJUonf/

_____________________________________________

[if;...ueJ oufjyif;BuD;roufromcsí 'ku© 'ku©[k a':wifwifnnf;NyD; 'ku©ukd txkyf

xrf;NyD; zGifhMunfUwmudk;[k rSwfcsufcs\/ [m...taruvn;f [k ndKrausreyfuefUuGuf\/ bm..

taruvn;f[k a':wifwif rsufapmif;cJNyD; eifhav;av;wkef;u [k pum;jyefpum....armifazaomif;

a&aomufvkdufOD;[k wkdufwGef;\/

ndK tvkdufwod cyfay;aom aomufa&udk olaomufvkdufNyD; aemufaMumif;jyefjcif;tvkyf

NyD;qkH;oGm;í oltarmajzaeonf/ a':wifwifu ndKtm; vufndK;xkd;jyNyD; ndKwdkU av;av;wa,muf

Page 24: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

mu

igUarmifti,faygU olwkdUwkef;uvnf; rif;wkdUvkd 0ifygrdvkdU txJrSm tMumBuD;aecJU&ao;w,f/ jyefxGuf

vmawmU ausmif;vJqufrwufjzpf w0ufwysufeJU bGJUvnf;r&bJ qkH;&SKH;oGm;wmyJ/ jzpfawmU rif;wkdUt

cHzufucsnf;yJ tJ'g'ku©txkyfudk ajzMunfUwm r[kwfvkdU bmvkyfwmjzpf&OD;rvJ [kar;onf/

ndKum;vufrcH/ waeUawmU jzpfvm&rSmaygU tar&m [k twGefUwufaeao;\/

OD;a&Tcifu aq;wHudk wa'gufa'gufacgufí aq;acs;cg&if;...'DrSmyJ aumif;ygw,f/

'Dae&m[m wu,fUawmyJ udk,fU[mudk,fydyd&d&dae bmrSrjzpfedKifbl;? 'gayr,fU aps;BuD;bufawmU odyf

roGm;eJU aps;ydkif;rSm vlpkHw,f/ rif;wkdUausmif;u todawGeJU awGUedKifw,f/ 'Dem;rSm rcifat;wa,muf

YyJ&Sdwm [kajymNyD; rif;naepmusawmU b,fvkdpm;ovJ[k ar;onf/

olonf {nfUcef;xJ&Sd ndKwkdUrdom;pk "gwfykHrsm;ukd ai;MunfUae&mrS reufuqGrf;usefwm

&Sd&ifpm;w,f/ rusef&if ukd,fU[mudk,fcsufNyD; jzpfovdkyJpm;w,f/ 'grSr[kwf 'DblwmvmNyD; [kd[m 'D[m

av;pm;csifpm;? rpm;vnf; 'DundKxJUxm;wJU a&tdk;pifvmcyfNyD; w0aomufvkdufwmyJ[k ajzonf/

][m AkdufqmrSmyJ [k ndK0ifar;onfudk 'DvkdygyJ csufpm;ae&mwm tvkyf&SKyfw,f[kom

oljyefajz\/ twefMumpOf;pm;aeNyD;rS OD;a&Tcifu

]t&ifu igwkdUqGrf;ykdUaeusuG? q&mawmfu jynfUpkHaew,fqkdvkdU rydkUjzpfwmMumNyD/ at;

av reufykdif;ndKukd qGrf;tykdUckdif;vkdufr,f/ aeUvnfqGrf;aygUuGm...ydkxnfUay;vdkufr,f naerif;twGuf

usefatmif}

][mrvkyfeJUOD;av;.....'ku©r&SmygeJU}

olUpum;aMumifh ndKw[m;[m;&,fonf/ olem;rvnfovkdajymaeí ndKu 'ku©&Smaom

arsmufwaumifykHjyifudk ajymjyvkduf\/ oltm;yg;w&&,fí tckrSyJ usaemftm;&yg;& &,f&w,f/

wa,mufxJ aigifpif;pif;BuD;ae&wmMumNyD[k zGifh[\ /

]at;av .. rif;vJ rdom;pkeJUa0;ae&awmh ...}

a':wifwif pum;rqHk;bJ onftwdkif;xm;cJhonf / olu [kwfygw,f ? tckrS tdrfudk

jyefa&mufovdk aEG;oGm;wmbJ[k xyfajymae\ /

ndKum; olYpum;ESifh trl,mtm; wpdrfhpdrfhMunfhvsuf /

________ ________ ________ ________

]tif;,m;uefrSwfvdkYvm; ? qif;ul;aewm }

awm&ausmif;taemuf&Sd acsmif;pyfwGif pkdufxm;aom r'rwkdifrsm;Mum; tkef;vuf&SdorQ

nSyfumNyD; &ifacgif;cefUeufonfU a&xJ jyeful;vmaom oltm;urf;ay:rS ndKu vSrf;atmfeKwfqufjcif;

jzpfonf/

]r[kwfbl; urf;yg;NydKNydKaevdkU ?wmzkdUaewmav qGrf;ydkUwmaemufusvScsnfvm; q&mawmf

awmU rodbl;? ausmif;om;awmU tawmfUudkdqmaeNyD}

Page 25: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

eNyD}

ndKu qGrf;csdKifhukdajrSmufjy&if; trsm;BuD;zdxnfUvmw,f? [if;uawmU raumif;vSygbl;

[kajym\/'gta&;rBuD;bl;? apwemyg&if [if;aumif;wmyJ usKyfubmrqkd.....}

olUpum;rqkH;cif ndKu ndKUudk usKyfusKyfeJUrajymprf;ygeJU? em;xJ pdrf;pdrf;BuD; ndKUtudkBuD;

t&G,favmuf&SdwmyJ[k wm;jrpfonf/

oltm;yg;w& NyHK;um &THUa&xJrS wufvm&if; [kwfw,f ukd,fav tck 'DawmrSmaysmfw,f

rysif;awmUbl? MumcsifoavmufMumyJ [k 0rf;omtm;& owif;ay;\/

]a&csdK;vkduf &GHUawGpifatmif csdK; ndKqGrf;csdKifhwufuyfvkdufOD;r,f}

xkdokdU rSmNyD; ausmif;ay:ndKwufoGm;onfESifh ola&csdK;uefokdU ajy;onf/olwAGrf;AGrf;avmif;

csdK;NyD; rsufESmokwf&ef ykqkd;a[mif;wxnfudk vSrf;qGJ\/

][if 'gBuD;eJU okwfrSmvm; rsufESmokwfyk0grygbl;vm;}

b,fygrvJ awmfvSefa&;umvrSm 'gawGrvkdygbl;[k olajz&if; acgif;udkokwfaeonf/

ndKonf ausmif;ay:rS vSrf;MunfU&if; em;&GufaemfurSm &GHUawGeJU aocsmajymxm;wJUMum;

u pifatmifrcsdK;wwfbl;[k qlylae\/ ol a[;a[;[k &,fvQuf jzpfovkd okwfypfvkdufonf/

A&kwfoku©aewwfaom olUtm;MunfU&if; ndKpdwfysufvSaomfvnf;? aygUyg;&Tifvef;oGm;

onfU olUtrlt,mrsm;ckrS awGU&í prf;a&at;aomuf&ovkd cHpm;&\/ uGrf;oD;yifay:rS &SnfUndKuav;

rsm; [kdukdif; onfudkif;ul;um wwpfwpf wwufwufatmfjrnfjrL;wl;aeMu\/ ndKu [kdrSmMunfUprf;

odyfvQifwmyJ[k ñGefjyonf/

ol qyfjymcGufodrf;ae&mrS [m'Daumifav; ukd,feJU&if;ESD;aeNyD? ndKMunfUae[kajymum yg;pyfrS

&SnfUatmfovkd wpfwpf wufwufjrnfatmif toHjyKjyonf/

vTm;ueJ udkif;ul;oGm;aom &SOfUuav;rSm olUtoHMum;í tNrSD;uav;axmifNyD; vSnfUMunfU

ae\/ ndKoabmuspGmaygUaygUyg;yg; &,fvkdufonf/

]zrf;vkdUr&zl;vm;}

]wcgrSawmU zrf;rMunfUzl;bl;..ajray:awmif wcgwavrSqif;wm udk,fvJ odyftonf;

,m;w,f MunfUygvm; tNrD;uvSKyfwkyf vSKyfwkyfeJU }

q&mawmfonf ausmif;ay:rSqif;oGm;aom ndKtm;Munfh&if; udkcifa&TorD;eJYawmif

&if;eDdd;NyD;aeygvm; ? ighaumif b,favmufajcayGovJqdkwmMunfh[k wudk,fwnf; awG;aerd\ /

ndK 'Dausmif;udk t&if cPcPa&mufaeom;yJ / 'gayrJh wa,mufxJqdkawmh aqmhvdkY

raumif;bl;[k ajymonf / ol wef;ay:vSrf;xm;aom pGyfus,fudk ,lpGyf&if; [kwfvm; .. at; tckawmh

wdkY awGUMuNyDav[k 0rf;yef;wom wHkYjyefonf /

atmufzuf0g;ausmif;av;a&SUwGif pBuFefavQmufvQif rsufvTmcsaeaomOD;yÍÆif;tm;Munfhí

ndKutoHwdk;wdk;jzifh

][dkrSm OD;yÍÆif;wyg;&Sdao;w,f ? olu udkazaomif;taMumif; rar;bl;vm; }

]OD;av;atmif&JUwlrSef;awmh odwmaygh ? odyfat;ygw,f ? olUw&m;eJUolyJaewm ?

udk,foGm;NyD;pum;pajymzdkUawmif tm;emae&w,f /}

Page 26: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

olwdkU ausmif;0if;twGif;buf arTaESmufavQmufvmMu\ / rmvumoD; pm;csifvdkufwm[k ndKu tyif

ay:armU&if;ylqm\/ olu&wmaygU [kajzonf/

]q&mawmfBuD;BudKufygUrvm;}

][m &w,f ukd,fUudk BudKufwmcl;pm;vkdU aocsmrSmxm;NyD;om;}

ajymajymqdkqdk olcg;awmif;BudKufNyD; rmvumyifay: wufonf / tJtJ .[dktudkif;u .

[dkrSm &Gufykef;oDdd;BuD; 0if;aewmyJ[k ndKu tyifatmufrS armhum ajczsm;ygaxmufí nTefjyonf /

'Ddzufuvm;[kar;vdkuf wvHk;cl;NyD;ypfay;vddkufESifh ol tvGefyDwdjzpfae\ / ndKuvnf; vufxJa&muf

onfESifh *Rrf;ueJudkufvdkufonf /

][dkrSm..[dkrSm t,fpwHkBuD;yJ awGUvm; rSnfhaeNyD }

olr nTefjy&mvSrf;tqGJ olUtrSm;udk aemifwjzifh odvdkuf&\ / wudk,fvHk; ylxloGm;NyD;

renf;owdxm;um ckefcs&if; xGufajy;&onf / tajctaeudk oabmaygufoGm;onfh ndKrSm trav;

aMumufygNyD[k atmf&if; a&SUrS wAkef;Akef; OD;aqmifajy;ESifhNyD / 0DueJ 0DueJ ysm;wyfzGJUu rausrcsrf;

'vMurf;vdkufqJ /

________ _________ _________ _________

q&mawmfudkvnf; travQmuf&J?aq;0g;[lívnf;xHk;Al;yifr½Sd?odkUESifYtdrfrSmxHk;½Sdw,fqdk

aomnkdUpum;jzifU pufbD;aemufcUkay: olwufvdkufvm&if;½I;½I;½SJ½SJ atmfae&onf/

a':wifwifum; armifazaomif;vnf; arsmufwaumifyJ tdrfu uGsJreJUbmrSrxl;bl;?

'gaMumifUigajymwmaygU 'ku©udktyifay:wuf½SmMuwJU arsmufawGyJ[k wAspfawmufawmufajymonf?

rsufESmwpfckvHk; ydEéJoD;vdk zkazmif;íxGufvmaom olUrsufESmtm; nkd MunfUíMurf;ay:wifyv’ifacGxdkifae

aom ndk&,fírqHk;/txl;ojzifU rsufcGHBuD;rdkUtpfvmí&,fp&maumif;wwfonfUobm0udk ndk rvGefqef

EdkifbJ &,frdjcif;yif/

]tckrS wu,ft½kyfajymif;oGm;w,f?½kyfzsufNyD;ukwfacsmif;acsmif;aep&mrvdkawmUbl;} [k

ndkajymonf/olum; udk,fUtjypfESifUudk,f a':wifwif wdkUay;urQcHae&if;&,f&cuf rJY&cuf/

_____ __________ __________ ______

vefUzsm;vm; aMumufzsm;vm;rod ysm;wkwf'gPf&mrS tem&dSefwufonfqdk&rvm;

xdknwGifolzsm;awmUonf/xdktcg ndku oifwef;qif;ump olemjyKq&mr tdkufwifjzifU aq;0g;rsm;tyg

t0ifawmufwdkrnf&rsm;ayGUum a&mufcsvmjyefonf/

wylay: ESpfylqifUjyefNyDaygU taetpm;qif;&J&wJUtxJ[k a':wifwifa0zef&if; q&mawmf

ausmif;atmufuGyfypfwvHk;jzifY jzpfwvdkae&aom olUtaetxm;udk tvdkrusMunfUum rmvumoD;

wvkH;&JUqGJaqmifrIeJUeifwdkU'ku©udkMuHK&w,f/bmrSpl;prf;qifjcifzdkUowdr½dSMubl; [kjrnfwGefawmufwD;ae

jyefonf/

Page 27: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

q&mawmfum; pBuFefavsmuf&if; vmMunfUí aq;cef;oGm;jyvdkufwm taumif;qHk;bJ

a,mif0g;0g;vkyfraeMueJU ighrSmwm0ef&Sdw,f[k rdefUonf / nae aq;cef;roGm;rD oltzsm;wufNyD;

tarhudk owd,w,f[k a,mif,rf;ovdk wrf;wrd\ / a':wifwif rsufESmndSK;í [,f igwdkU&SdwmyJ

bmtm;i,fp&m&SdvJ[k ESpfodrfh&onf /

olpdwfcsrf;omoGm;[efjzifh aus;Zl;wifaom rsuf0ef;rsm;jzifh acgif;ndwfjyonf / ydEéJoD;

xHk;wdkUxm;onfESifh wlvSaomolUrsufESmudk Munfhí ndKrSm oem;onffhMum;u &,fcsifpdwfudk ZGwfrsKdodyf

xm;&onfrSm AdkufaMumyif atmifhrwwf / aemufqHk;wGif na&;nwm Munfh&SKzdkUcufr,f ightdrfrSmyJ

'Dnem;vdkuf[kajym&if; q&mawmftm; avQmuf&ef a':wifwif xoGm;\ /

ndKu olUtm; auseyfpGm jyHK;jyvQuf taru oabmaumif;w,f / qlp&m&Sd&ifawmh

jrHKraebJ qlwwfwm wckbJ om;vnf;r&Sdawmh udkazaomif;udk oHa,mZOfjzpfrdw,fxifw,f[k

cyfwdk;wdk;ajym\ /

tif;.. ysm;wcgwkyfvdkU 'Dvdkrdom;pkrsKd;wcg&&if cPcP twkkyfcHcsifygw,f[k ol

wdk;wdk;jyefajymonf / ndK MunfompGm jyHK;ae\ /

___________ ___________ __________

bufx&D rD;acsmif;atmuf acgif;av;vkH;qkdifaeMuonf/ olundKwkdU tdyfcef;Mur;fjyifay:

zsmcif;vSJavsmif;&mrS ..'gu usaemfwkdU rdom;pkykH tazu c&D;xGufevkdU rygvkduf&zl;? 'DrSmav ..tazeJU

tar trSwfw&&kdufxm;wm 'gu usaemfUtr r&DEG,f..'gu usaemfUtdrfu acG;reJU trSwfw& 'DrSm

pojzihf"gwfykHrsm;vufaxmufí jyaeonf/

olUt0wftpm; tdwfygqGJ,lcJUí tdrfta&mufavQmfp&m &SdwmavQmf&ef qGJxkwf&if; xGuf

vmonfUykHrsm;ukd oljyaejcif;jzpfonf/ 'gawGbmvkdU ,lvm&wmvJ rdom;pkudk 'DavmufoHa,mZOfBuD;

ae&if 'gawGbmvkdU vkyfovJ[k ndKuar;onf/

,lvmwmr[kwfbl;? OD;avatmif owif;ar;zkdU awm&ausmif;vmwkef;u tr&DEG,fu

xnfUay;vkdufwm tvGrf;ajyMunfUzdkUwJU...[kolajz&if; a':wifwifu bGJU0wfpkHESifh ykHtm;MunfUí 'g

utrBuD;vm; oluaum rif;ukdrcspfbl;vm;[kar;onf/ cspfawmUcspfw,f 'gayr,fU tpdk;&drfBuD;NyD; ta':UvkdyJ

odyfqlylwwfw,f[k olajzonf/

olyGifhyGifhvif;vif;a0zefovkd ajymí a':wifwifauseyfaomfvnf;..[JU eiffwkdUobm0udk

u [efUwm;edKifrS wefumuswm igwdkUvkd yg;pyftjrKyfxGufatmif qlylwJUvlr&Sd&if wavmuvkH;[m

arsmufawGvufcsufeJU tyifawGrsm bmtoD;rS rusefbJjzpfr,f/ eifwkdUarsmufawGu b,ftcg tNidrf

aeMuvkdUvJ bmrSvn;f em;vnfwmr[kwfbl;? 'gaMumifh awmxJrSm arsmufzrf;wJUrkqkd;awGu ykvif;xJ

ua&awG iSJUaomufjyNyD;xm;cJUw,f/ arsmufawGuacsmif;MunfUNyD; vlvkyfovdkvdkufvkyfawmU ykvif;xJu

t&ufawGaomufrdNyD; rl;vJ 'geJU rkqdk;ujyefvmNyD; tomzrf;oGm;wmaygU [kajymawmUonf/

'g&,fp&maumif;onf[k OD;aESmufuqHk;jzwfNyD;onfESifU &,fcsvdkuf&ef wqufwnf;trdefU

ay;\/xdktrdefUudk ndkausyGefpGmxrf;vdkufonf/taru 'g&,fp&majymwmt[kwfbl;/eifwdkUarsmufawG

'ku©udkpyfaqmUNyD; ½SmwwfvGef;vdkU[laigU\/

Page 28: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

OD;cifa½Tu tdrfwHcg;udkxydwfNyD;]rif;wdkUrdbawGu b,fvdkoabm½SdvJ rif;wdkUausmif;rSm

vkyfcJYwJYudpöötay:}[kar;onf/ol [kwfuJU[kajymNyD; olwdkYvJ t&ifacwfESpfckpvHk;udkrDvdkufwmyJ-usaemf

wdkUeJUqE´csif;awmUwdkufygw,f/'gayr,fU rif;wdkUvkyfwdkif; tcHbufucsnf;yJvdkUajymw,f/

OD;oefUwdkUrIdif;&mjynfUwdkUwkef;u ausmif;om;awG usaemfwdkU ywf0ef;rSm½SdcJUawmUusaemfwdkUudkUvnf;pdk;&drfylyef

w,f[k olajzonf/

]at; ...'grsdK;u wEG,fiifwcifyg fqdkovdkuGm-ywfoufrdwJU vlawGyg xdcdkufEdkifw,f/

rSefwmajym&&if igwdkUvJ cyfvefUvefU-0efxrf;jzpfaeawmU ydkqifjcif&w,f/

][kwfygw,f ODav;-wckawmUpdwfcsyg wckckjzpfvm&if OD;av;wdkUudk rxdcdkufap&ygbl;/

usaemfudk awmom;azaomif;tjzpfyJ OD;av;wdkUodMuw,fvdkU usaemfajymrSmyg/}

]at;av-igwdkUpdwfxJ½SdwmawmUrif;odrSmyg-tm;ay;Edkifoavmuftm;ay;wmyJ-'Duae

rif;wdkUaemufu vdkufEdkfifMur,fU tajctaeta&;BuD;w,f/ rifb,fvdk oHk;oyfxm;ovJ}

]usaemfwdkUtzGJUawGywf0ef;usifrSmvnf; tm;vHk;BudwfNyD;tm½kHpdkufaeMuwmygyJ/

tajymif;tvJwckudk tmomjyif;jyif;arQmfvifUaeMuw,fvdkU aumufcsufcsxm;Muw,f}

OD;cifa½T acgif;wqwfqwfndrfUonf/NyD;rS

rGef;usyfanmif;nmaewmMumawmU 'DvdkygyJ[ka&½Gwf\/

]usaemfUoabmuawmU arQmfvifUaewmxuf ,HkMunfzdkU vdkw,f/tm;ay;wmxuf 0ifyg

zdkUvdkw,fvdkU jrifygw,f}

]'guawmU rif;wdkUtpGrf;tpay:vnf; rlwnfwmaygUuGm &atmifqGJac:MunfUaygU/wdkU

vlawGtajctaeu armifac:&mtxkyfav;ydkufvdkU vdkufcsifaewmyJ} [kajymumjyHK;aeonf/

tawmftm;½Sdrdw,f OD;av;[k ol0rf;yef;wom ajym\

a':wifwifum;olUrsufESmudkaq;vdrf;ay;&efjyif&if;MunfUvJvkyfOD; rmvumoD;cl;wmawmif

rjrifwJharsmufawG igaemufu xHk;wAl;eJU rvdkufyg&apeJU[k owday;\ /

ndKUrsufpdxJwGifum;...yHk&dyfwck a&;a&;xifjrifvmonf /xdkyHk&dyfonf tarSmifudk

azmufvmaomtvif;ESifhtwl ay:vmhjcif;yif vrf;aMumif;wckay:xGef;&m wufvmaom tpkta0;

tpdkiftcJrsm; rSdefae&mrS awmufyvmyHkvnf;ay:\ /

azaomif;u anmifoD;vJpm; av;ndKUoHvnf;em;axmifqdkwJU pumvdkvm; ta':[kar;onf/

tJ'gu iSuftwGufyJ eifwdkUarsmufawGtwGuf rmvumoD; cl;&if ysm;tHkvJMunfU[k

a':wifwif u pum;ykHudk jyKjyifay;vdkuf\/

________ _________ _________

]vlawGudk bmaMumifUvkyf&r,fqdkNyD; pnf;½Hk;zdkUrvdkvSbl;uG b,fvdkvkyfMurvJqdkwmyJ

igwdkUudkar;aeMuw,f}

xGef;ouf pum;udk ol& acgif;ndrfUaxmufcH&if; at; igwdkUzufu aemufwyGJ 'DxufydkNyD;

us,fjyefUatmif qifEGJEdkifzdkUyJ[k oHk;oyf\/

yefonf/

Page 29: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

olwdkY oHk;a,muf av;cG udk,fpDjzifU iSufypfa,mifaqmif&if; opfyiftkyftkyf½Sd&m wajz;

ajz;a½TUvQufajymvmMujcif;jzpfonf/o&ufyifay:rS Z,ufudk ol& cGESifh vSrf;ypfNyD; .. a[haumif

rif;emrnf ]azaomif;} vdkUajymif;xm;wm aumif;w,f ? igwdkUvnf; 'Dvdkemrnf0SufawG xm;&r,f [k

ajym\ /

]igvnf; yg;pyfxJawGU&m xm;vdkufwmuG &HkydkifBuD; rdom;pkuvnf; 'Demrnfac:awmUw,f

'grS igUaemufaMumif;udk wjcm;olawG rsufacsjywfrSm }

o&ufyifajc&ifff; oHk;a,muf0dkif;xdkif&if; xGef;ouf rS

]rdk;OD;us&ifawmh ausmif;jyefzGifUrSmyJ igwdkU'DtawmtwGif;&oavmuf vdkufcsdwfxm;&r,f}

a[haumif..azaomif; rif;awmUjyeffvdkUrjzpfao;bl;uG rif;wdkUt&yfvlBuD;u odyfr[efbl; }

]'gqkdvnf; ig'DuyJ pnf;&kH;edK;aqmfpmawGa&;aer,fuGm 'DrSm tMurf;a&;xm;wm zwfMunfU

MuOD;} ol&ESifh xGef;oufwkdU zwfMunfUNyD; at; 'gukd jyifp&m&Sd&if jyifr,f NyD;&if za,mif;vSnfUNyD; jzefUr,f

[k wuf<uaeMuonf/ pm&Gufudk aocsmacgufodrf;&if; ol&u uAsmvJa&;avuGm aAsmifususa&;uGm

a&Tausmif;u azaomif;qkdNyD; uavmifemrnfwyf[k tMuHay;\/

ol&,fum at;yg uJ rif;wkdUjyefzkdUvkyfawmU &xm;vmumeD;NyD rif;wkdUzmom vufrSwf0,f

NyD;jyef igeJUwGJwm vlawGrawGUwm taumif;qkH;yJJ oBuFef&ufausmf&if aemufwacgufqkHMur,f[k edK;aqmf

onf/

NydKifwlx&yfMu&if; ykqkd;rSzkrsm;cgvsuf xGef;oufu a[Uaumifazaomif; &kHykdifBuD;orD;

av;u tawmfajyjypfygvm;[k pum;ponf/ uav;omom&Sdygao;w,fuGm csrf;omay;yg[k awmif;

yefaeonfUMum;u csrf;omyJay;rSmyguGm qif;&Jray;ygbl;[k xGef;oufaMunmoGm;ao;\/

___________________________________________________

tkef;odef;&ifxJ ESvkH;om;onf acgif;ESifh aqmifhrdaom Al;oD;ES,fvSKyf,rf;oGm;\ olAl;pif

atmufrS jAKef;ueJx&yfvkduf&m trSwfrxif aqmifhrdonf/ Al;oD;tm;vufjzihfjyefxdrf;&if; ndK wa,muf

xl;jcm;aeonfudk rausrcsrf;awG;rd\/

MunfUav pwk'Dom r@yfrSm rkefUvkH;a&ay:vkH;NyD;onfESifh ndKjyefr,fqkdum rcifat;ukd

eKwfqufNyD; xGufcGmoGm;onfrSm b,folUudkrSyif eKwfrquf /olrrsufESmav;MunfU&if; tBuHtpnfaygif;

pkHudk tpDtpOfcsxm;onfU tkef;odef;twGuf arQmfvifhcsufrJU&awmUrSmvm;..ndK eJUtwl a&yufr,f ndK

yuforQ ukefwJUa&udk olUtdrfurD;pufeJUarmif;NyD; ykdufeJUwifay;r,f NyD;awmU cgwkdif;ESpfawGvkd aeUvnf

ykdif;rSm uufqufzGifhNyD; uMur,f/NrdKUutaz 0,fvmwJUuifr&meJU ndKUudk"gwfykHckd;&kdufr,f/

'gawGBuHxm;wmoGm;NyDaygU...[kwfvm;/

rcifat;u igvkdufykdUr,f[kqkdum a&ay:ump rkefUvkH;Aef;xJu wqkyfxnfU,lNyD; zufeJU

xkyfum ndKESifhtwlxGufoGm;onf/ tkef;odef;toJESvkH;udk edKufNyD; ,loGm;ovkd tkef;odef;xifrSwfvkduf\/

'Davmufaysmfp&maumif;wJUtcsdefrSm aysmf&r,fUae&mrSm raebJ bmvkdUtdrfjyef&rSmvJ?

awmblwmeHab;rSm tdrfeD;csif;awmifr&Sd ikwfwkwfBuD; ysif;p&maumif;wJUae&m b,fvkd oBuFefusrSmvJ/

blwma&SUrSm tdyfaewJUacG;0Jpm;awGudk a&yufvkdU aysmf&rSmvm;...tkef;odef;b,fvkdrS awG;r&/

Page 30: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

ndKuawmU rcifat;vkdufykdU&m &,fumarmum xGufoGm;acsNyD/

]olrsm;aysmfvkdUraysmfedKif qkdaom oHcsyfxkd;oHrSm tkef;odef;twGufjzpfoGm;\/

_______________________________________

'gefaygufpm;oH.. yvGyfyvGyf}

]MuufaygifukdufoH..*Rwf*Rwf}

],rumykvif;awG..>ywf>ywf}

]tpnf;ta0;yGJBuD;..*G'f*G'f}

]wkdUjynfolawG ....zGwf wzGwf}

yvyfpwpfykH;ukd olUzmomAkHvkdacgufí oHcsyfxkd;jyaeaom azaomif;tm;MunfU&,f&if; ndKu

pavmif;zkH;ukd wcRr;fcRrf;jrnf vkduffwD;ay;aeonf/ OD;cifa&Tonf rD;zkdcef;wGif ESpfa,mufxJ oHcsyf

a&obif EGJaeonfU olwkdUESpfOD;tm; &yfMunfU&if; tJ'g b,fuoHcsyfvJ [kar;\/

ndKu awmom;BuD; oHcsyftzGJUaygU[k &,farmrysufajzonf/

azaomif;rSm ezl;wGuf pnf;xm;aom ydwfpeDESifh aemufausmwGif ykqkd;a[mif;wxnf

0wf&kHvkdjcHKxm;onfwkdU wvSKyfvSKyf&rf;atmifu&if; tajzukd oHcsyfvkdxkd;í ay;onf/

][kd;acwfa[mif;u oHcsyfyg ckacwf'gawGxkd;vkdUr&bl;}

OD;a&Tcif tdyfuyfxJlprf;MunfUNyD; aiGpuúLtcsdKUxGufvmí

]a&mU qkcsw,f}

ndKu qwfueJ jzwf,lum xajy;onf/

a':wifwifrSm tmvl;rsm;udk vSD;cRwfae&mrS ...arsmufawGudk iSufaysmoD;ay;jyefNyD ykd

tm;&SdNyD; waeUvkH;tdyfr&atmif uRrf;xkd;jyaeawmUr,f[k 0ifajym\/

]t&ufa&xkd;yufcsifolqkd ..oabFmepfygap}

][JU erdwfr&Sd ermr&Sd }

azaomif;\ oHcsyfukd a':wifwif txdefUwvefU0ifwm;\/

]yxrqkay; wkdUOD;av; odef;qkaygufygap} [k azaomif;u qkawmif;\/

]qkrcsol a':qlyl 0Jxlaysmufygap} [k ndKu0ifatmf\/

rkd;BudK;ypfcHcsifvkdU igUukd...[k a':wifwif rausrcsrf; qlonf/ ndKu tarUrSm 0J&Sd&if

awmifaysmufygapvkdU qkawmif;wmyJ[k qifajcay;NyD; azaomif;&ifbwfokdU aiGpuúLrsm;csdwfESifhwG,fay;

\/ azaomif;u Zmwfrif;om;[efjzifh NrdKUarwÅmcH,lr,fU awmom;BuD;ayrkdU...tmacgifESpfjcrf; Asef;Asef;

uGJatmif atmf&ygOD;r,f[k qkdaeonf/

aMomf...rD;wGif;rSmwif tzwfrwifcJUwJU igUom;BuD;om &Sd&if armifazaomif; t&G,f

avmufa&mufaerSmyJ/ uRJrndKeJUaygif;NyD; ckvkd aysmfp&mawG vkyfaerSmyJ [kawG;&if; a':wifwif ai;idkif

MunfUaerdonf/

Page 31: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

OD;a&Tcifu a&TbkHed'gef;tzGJUu oHcsyfawG r&bl;vm; [k rkwfqdwfarT;nSyf&if; ar;\/ ndK

uMum;jzwfí aeUvnfu oHcsyf[mo tazUukdvkyfjyvkdufav? tazrMunfU&ao;bl;..udkazaomif;

u &Sifbk&ifvkyf ndKuxD;awmfrkd;vkyfr,f..[kd[mav;ujyvkdufygvm;.. 'D[mav;qkdjyvkdufygvm; p

ojzifh vlwwf0ifvkyfae\/

oMuFefa&rpkd oMuFefrkd;r&GmbJ þa*[mav; pdkajyaeonfudk tm;vkH;MunfeK;pGmESpfopf

BudKcHpm;aeMu\/

_________________________________

tusaeUuvnf; &kwfw&ufjyefoGm;í rGefxlNyD;usefcJU&m a&avmif;zkdUyif tcGifhr&vkduf/

'DaeUawmU rPÖyfvmrnfxifí arQmfaomfvn;f ndKu ay:awmfrrl? tkef;odef;aerxdxkdifrom onfUtqkH;

blwmav;a&SUrS awmvkdufrkqkd;ES,f acsmif;ajrmif;ía&yuf&efBuHonf/ a&TorifndKu t&dyfta,mifyif

rjy/ tdrfab;uygwfvnf; rjruf? aemufqkH; ndKwkdUaemufaz;jcHpnf&kd;zufrS vSnfUacsmif;&efBuHonf/

ql;jcHKaygaom pnf;&kd;ab; ukyfuwfoGm;NyD; ndKwkdU aemufaz;zufudk olMunfUonf/l aemufaz;a&ujyif

wGif yufvufukvm;xkdifjzihf idkufjrnf;aeolwOD;ukd ndKuaemufrSokdif;í rsufESmtkd;rnf;okwfvkdufonf

udk tkef;odef;jrifvkduf\/

xkdolvefUedK;NyD; &,farmum rsufESmudkyGwf vufrSmayvmaom tkd;rnf;jzifh ndKUvufarmif;

ukdvSrf;okwfonfudkvnf; tkef;odef;awGUvkdufonf/ roufromrsufESmjzihf xGufcGmoGm;aom tkef;odef;

ukd tbarmif ESD;xkdifzsmae&mrS vSrf;jrifvkdufNyD . 'Daumif ql;NcHKMum;xJ txdvmacsmif;aeyguvm;[k

owdjyKrdvkdufonf/

___________________________________________

wu,fwrf;usawmU rcifat;BudKwifpDpOfxm;ovkd rSifraoedKif/ tkef;odef;\tar;udk

at;aq;pGm ajz&rnfUtpm; &ifxJxdyfysmoGm;ao;onf/ 'gudk *&kwpkduf&Sdrdaom tkef;odef;ykdíb0ifrus/

]awmuvmwmyg[m wu,fUudk um;rjrifbl; &xm;rjrifbl;wJUae&mu}

rcifat;tajzaMumifh awmblwm&kHreD;ra0;aeNyD; tdrfrSm rD;pufeJUaeedKifwJU igUavmuf

awmUb,frDrvJ[k tkef;odef; awG;rdonf/

]tvum;yg[m ..odyfNyD; usyfjynfUwmawmif r[kwfbl;}

tkef;odef; pdwf0ifpm;rSK avQmUyg;atmif rcifat;yg;pyfxJawGUu&m ajymvkdufonf/ pdwf

awmUrcs&ao;/ ndKUteD; a&mufvmaom a,muFsm;om;rSeforQ tkef;odef; rsufapUarT;pl;rnfudk rcifat;

oabmaygufaeí aEGtylu olr&ifxJ wdwfwqdwfa&mufvm&NyDjzpfonf/

____________________________________________

uufqufZmwfvrf;em;axmifaumif;wkef; tdrfuvmac:í rMunfrvifjzpfoGm;wwfonfU

rdef;rwkdU rsufESmrsdK;jzifh ndK tdrfa&SUxGufvmonfudk jrifí tkef;odef;rauseyfcsuf tpkdiftcJrSm ykdBuD;rm;

Page 32: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

vmNyD; &ifwGif;usyfvmonf/

]bmvJ[m ..aeyl&wJUtxJ}

MunfUprf; cgwkdif;oBuFefqkd waeukef r@yfrSm &SdaewwfwJU ndKu 'DvkdckawmU ajym&ovm;}

]eifhukd a&yufrvkdUa[U....eifubmvkdU tdrfxJatmif;ae&wmvJ}

]bmrS r[kwfygbl; [m ..ysif;vkdU}

tkef;odef;&,fonf/ igodygw,f[laom rsufESmukd ndKjrifí ydkrvkHrvJ&SdvSonf/

uJ ...avmif;[m[kqdkum tdrfay:rS qif;vmí a&avmif;vkduf&onfUwkdif tkef;odef;

&ifxJ rauseyfrSKu aysmufroGm;ao;/

_________________________________________________________

][m [kwfw,f...ndK ?'DrSmMunfUprf; toD;tuif;awGwef;NyD;xGufvmwm ig;vkH;? ajcmuf

vkH; ckESpfvkH; [m...acG;rBuD; acG;av;awG aygufwmxufawmif rsm;ao;w,f/

azaomif; wtHUwMo Al;pifatmufrS armUum a&wGufaeonf/ ndKum;..ndKrajymbl;

vm;[k tvGefauseyfaom rsufESmjzihf wkefUjyef\/ azaomif;onf Al;pifwGif qGJxm;aom trJ&kd;udkvuf

jzif hwk d Uum...

]trJ&kd; csdwffqGJxm;vkdufwmeJU NrHKaewJU Al;pifu 'DvkdyJ toD;awGxGufvma&mvm;..

av;..ig;..&ufyJ&Sdao;w,f/ csufcsif; owÅdjywmyJ/ [k tHUMorajyx&Gwfae\/

]tHr,f ...'gawmif wcsdKUa&xkyfawGqGJMuao;w,f}

ndK xkdokdUtajz azaomif;u tawmfqef;Mu,fwJUobm0 "gwfjyKrSKyJ[k rSwfcsufcs\/

NcHaemufzufpnf;&kd;wGif uyfíacsmif;aeaom tkef;odef;b0ifrus pOf;pm;aeonf/b,fU

ES,fUvJ awmom;ppfppfvnf;qkdao;&JU Al;yifobm0awmif em;rvnfbl; qkdygvm;[k awG;rd\/

[kdtvkH; ...[kqdkum azaomif;vufñdSK;ñGefonf/ ndKu txdwfwvefU olUvufudkdqGJ

í [m...vufñdSK;eJUrxkd;&bl;..ykyfukefr,f[kwm;\/ azaomif;[uf[ufyufyuf&,fum vmjyefNyD

'gawmU rjzpfedKifygbl;? vufeJUxdw,fqkd [kwfwkwfwkwf[k r,kHovkd vkyfjyef\/

ndKu r,kH&if aemufaeUawGMunfU[k ajymum olUvufudk qGJxm;qJ/

azaomif; tNidrfraebJ aemufwvkH; ndKUvufeJUxkd;MunfUprf;[kckdif;NyD; ndKUvufwzufudk

jyefudkifí Al;uif;udkvufñSKd;ñTefckdif;onf/ [ifhtif;[kjiif;&if; &,fumarmum ykwfukefr,f[kajym? rykwf

edKifbl;[k jiif;&if; ESpfa,mufom; wGef;wkdufaeMu\/

pnf;&kd;taygufuG,foGm;í ae&mxyfta&TU tkef;odef;ajcrSm rsufueJ cHpm;vkduf&\/ c&m

ql;wacsmif; pkdufoGm;jcif;yif/ aemufqkH;wHacsmif;uvn;f rsufueJ tkef;odef;&ifxJ ql;oGm;onf/ tJ'g

bmql;[k ac:&rnfvJ/ tkef;odef;rod/

eifwkdUraygUeJUaemf ig&ifylw,f/ tkef;odef;u ...[kqkdum aemufa,mifcHpkHpr;fonf[k

t"dyÜg,fonfU t*Fvdyfpum;jzihf rcifat;owday;onf/

aomufa&tkd;rS cyfaomufrdaoma&onf olrwdkUa&mufae&m awm&ausmif; aemufpD;

Page 33: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

aeonfU acsmif;a&yrm aemufusdoGm;NyD[k ndKcHpm;vkduf&\/ azaomif;rSm [m..[ka&&Gwf&if; awmom;

azaomif;vkdUyJ odrSmyJ ylp&mvkdao;vm;[k aps;qpfonf/

rcifat;rSm acsmif;urf;yg;&THUESpfrsm;xJ cJvkH;wvkH; uefcsvkduf&if; rxifeJU ..avsmUrwGuf

eJU ..udk,fUb0udk,fod taetxkdif rwwfwmeJU rD;ckd;<uufavQmufay:ukefr,f[k pdk;&drfwBuD; ajymae

onf/

ndKESifhazaomif; wa,mufrsufESm wa,mufMunfUMuonf/

]eifh tazwkdUyg pdwfyloGm;&if ydkdqkd;r,fndK igajymwmpOf;pm;MunfU}

xkdokdUomajymcJUNyD; rcifat; bk&m;yef;tkd;rsm;a&oGm;aq;aeonf/ awm&ausmif;w0if;vkH;

aus;iSufoHESifh a&pD;oHom MunfeK;zG,fMum;ae&aomfvnf; olwkdUrom,medKif/ wkdUaysmfr,fawmif rBuH

&ao;bl;[k azaomif;a&&Gwfrdonf/ oefUpifaecJUaom ndKUrsufESmrSm aomutylaMumifh EGrf;usoGm;

aom MumjzLwyGifhES,f/ tkef;odef;tazu t&yfvlBuD; aygufa&mufw,f/ NyD;awmU yg0gvJodyfjycsifwm

[k ndKroufroma&&Gwfae\/ rcifat;u ]igwkdUawmif ausmif;rSm jzpfMuwkef;uygovm; ..rygeJUaemf

tvum;ae&if; 'ku©a&mufr,fvkdU Ncdrf;ajcmufao;w,f} [kvSrf;ajym\/

b,fvkd vkyfMurvJ [kpum;oHrxGufbJ ar;aeaom ndKU rsuf0ef;rsm;twGuf olUrSm tajzr&Sd/

tJ'D armiftkef;odef;u ausmif;om;r[kwfbl;vm;/ vufwGJvkdU r&bl;vm;[kk oljyefar;rdonf/

][m av;wef;awmif ratmifvkdU ausmif;xGufxm;&wm ? olUrdbawmolaX;qdkNyD; bmrS

vJvkyfwmr[kwfbl;? oGm;pnf;&kH;zkdU rpOf;pm;eJU ?tJ'grS 'ku©txkyf jznfMunfUwmtppf/

ndK\ pdwfysufvufysufajzpum;aMumifh onfenf;vrf;udk olpGefUvkduf&onf/

]igtkef;odef;udk ajymxm;wmvJ rarUeJUOD; awmom; azaomif;u usyfvnf; jynfUwmr[kwf

bl;vkdU vSdrfUxm;&wm ra&SmifomvkdUawGU&if &l;aygaygvkyfaevkduf/

rcifat; pum;aMumifh olwkdUcgwkdif;vkd rNyHK;r&,fedKif ndKwkdUtdrfudk rvmwm taumif;qkH;

yJ [k rcifat;pum;qufjcif;aMumifh jzpfonf/ tajctaerSefukd oabmaygufaeMuolrsm;yDyD aps;rqpf

0HU MuawmU/

ndKonf &SOfUuav;rsm; apGUueJ ckefoGm;onfudk armUMunfUvsuf &ifxJaygUyg;&rnfUtpm;

acsmif;pyf&TUYYHjyifxJavQmuf&ovkd av;vHcufcJaom ajcvSrf;rsm;jzihf azaomif;tyg;rScGmonf/ azaomif;

vkdufvkdpdwfr&SdawmU 0g;ckHwef;av;ay: uRDueJxkdifcs&if; ndKUausmjyifukd vSrf;MunfU&m qHp&Snfrsm;waxG;

BuD; &kyfueJodrf;í olUudkvSnfUMunfUonfU ndKESifh tMunfUqkHjyef\/

]qGrf;vmydkU&ifawmif oifhygrvm;...igUoabmuawmU azaomif;awmjyefoGm;NyDvkdU aus

nmvkdufcsifw,f/ 'grS rsufajcjywfoGm;rSm}

rcifat;pum;ukd olwkdUuefUuGufjyifqifedKifpGrf;vJ r&SdawmU/

ndKu olUtm;aomutylMum;rS BudK;pm;ESpfodrfUaom rsuf0ef;rsm;jzihf

]ndK ypfawmUrxm;ygbl; ?vpf&ifMunfUNyD;vmcJUygr,f}[k ajymcJU\/

ol [efraqmifpwrf; ajcypfvufypfusef&pfcJUoonf/iSufoHawGu em;NiD;í &SOfUuav;

awGukd rsufpdaemufp&m[k olxifoGm;NyDjzpfonf/

Page 34: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

onf/

wdwfqdwfaom aEGnudk onf;rcHedKifonfUES,f a':wifwif,yfcyf&if; pum;p\/

]arsmufvTJausmfwaumifvn;f aysmufaeygvm;....

tdrfuarsmufndKuRJreJUaygif;NyD; udkU,kdUum;&m;awG vkyfwmrjrif&awmU cyfajcmufajcmufBuD;}

w0l;0l; jrnfaeaom a&'D,dkvSKdif;ukd zr;fae&mrS OD;cifa&TrSm a':wifwifpum;ukd ]ajcukef

vufyrf;usaeNyDxifw,f}[k xifjrifcsufay;\/ jcifaxmifxJ0ifNyD; vl;vl;vdrfUvdrfU rtdyfedKifao;aom

ndKrSm tomxí tcef;wGif jyLwif;0rSmxGuf&yfonf/aEGnonf vr&Sd?Mu,frsm;jzifhom ESpfodrfUtvS

qifae&onf/

olrMu,fyGifhrsm;ukd ai;vsuf wukd,f&nftoHrJUpum;ajymqkdrd\/

]Mu,fawGrSmvnf; Mu,fvlBuD; Mu,fuav;awG&Sdw,f

"l0HMu,fu tzdk;BuD;rkdU wae&mxJikwfwkwfxkdifpOf;pm;aewmaygU

ckESpfpifMu,fu uav;awGrkdU ukef;ykd;pD;wrf;upm;aeMuwm?

tajcrckdifyJ vdrfUusoGm;wJU Mu,fawGjrifbl;ygw,f

'gayr,fU tJ'DxJrSm vlawGtwGuf tokH;wJUvkdU

emrnfrSnfUcHxm;&wJU Mu,fawG wyGifhrSygroGm;bl;

wu,fawmU Mu,fawG&JU b0rSm tazmfeD;wm tazmfa0;wm

ta&;rBuD;ygbl;

avmutwGuf tokH;0ifwJUMu,f

b,fawmUrS ra<uwm aocsmygw,f}

xkdpum;ukd olrbmaMumifh azaomif;tm;ajymcsifaerSef; rod/ okdUaMumifhyif pmtkyfESihf

abmyif,lí xkdtwkdif;a&;csrdonf/

_________________________________________________

vufur;fpmapmifudk tNyD;owf 'DZkdif;jyifqifNyD;NyD/

xGef;oufESifh ol&wkdUay;cJUaom pmrlrsm;tm;vkH;xnfUNyD;onfUwkdif olUrSm tvkyfr&Sdjzpfae

í? pmapmif rsufESmpmukd tem;uGyf'DZkdif;tustewyfqGJaerdonf/ pmapmiftwGuf vkdtyfaom oauFw

rsm;jynfUpkHygvQuf olxkdif&mrS rxjzpfao;/ aejcnfEkajymufMum;0ifaeaom awm&ausmif;&SKUcif;ukd t

anmif;qefU&if; MunfUaerd\/

tkef;odef;u pdwfcs&wmr[kwfbl;...aemufuvkdufacsmif;aevkdU ae&mygodoGm;OD;r,f

[k ndKajymcJUzl;NyDrkdU qGrf;csdKifhykdU&ef ra&mufvmonfU aeUrsm;udkvnf; oltjypfrwifrdawmU/

wudk,fxJ {up&Dusifhom;&aeNyD;umrS odMum;rif;vTwfvkdufaom trÁKvmewforD;aMumifh

usifhaeaom w&m;rsm;ysufcJU&onfU &aoUwyg;taMumif; olzwf&SKrd&if; rNyHK;csifyJ NyHK;rdonf/

em;xJwGif Mum;a,mifonfvm;/ rSwfrdaeaom pufbD;acgif;avmif;oHu cRifueJ jrnf

vkdufonfrSm olMum;zl;csif;r&Sdaom ewfapmif;oHyif rDrnfrxif/ wu,fyif ausmif;0if;xJ csdK;auGU0if

Page 35: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

vmaom c&rf;Eka&mif 0wfpkHjzifh qHEG,frsm;0ifhueJ vGifhvmonfU t&dyfudk vSpfueJvSrf;jrifvkduf&onf/

ol pmapmifrludk odrf;vkdufNyD; a&mifpkHausmufwkH;rsm; rnDrnmykHaeonfU a&ajrmif;eHab;

BudK&yfvkdufonf/ ndKUrSm olUtyg;pufbD;a'gufaxmuf&if; ysif;aeNyDvm;[k *&kPmaiGUqkdif;aom avoH

jzifhar;\/

]tazmf&Sdfygw,f txD;usefjcif;av}

r&,frNyHK; olUtajzudk ndKem;vnfavmufaomrsufESmjzihf tajctaet& vpfrSvm&wm

[kajymonf/ udpör&Sdygbl;/ em;vnfygw,f[k oljyefajz&m ndKu xrif;udk arQmfwmxuf tazmfudk wrf;waerSm

ndKem;vnfygw,f[k pmemoHjzifh ajymum olUtm;armUMunfUonf/

a&MunfMunfrsm;cyfyg;yg;pD;aeaom wawmifcefUausmufp&pfajrmif;uav;eHab;

olrvufESpfzuf yk0gjymESr;fESrf; ta&mifudk pkudkifum&yfaeonf/ acsmif;urf;bufrS wufvmaom avu

yifhxlxm;í olrqHEG,frsm;ESifh yk0gyg;jymjymuav;rSm a&maxG;,Suf,Suf &kef;xGufcsifaeMu\/

]wu,fvkdU EG,f rQifav;awGeUJwlwJU rsufvkH;wpkHom txD;usefjcif;rSm &Sdr,fqkd&if ukd,f

wa,mufxJ tNrJae&Jygw,f}

olrrsuf0ef;rsm;udk vGrf;qGwfpGm ikHUMunfU&if;ajymonfU pum;aMumifh eD;&mudk wG,f&pfonfU

EGT,fyifav;rsm;tm; ndKjrifa,mifvsuf &Sufjcif;r[kwfaom aocsmaom cHpm;rSKwckukd aEG;axG;pGmcHvkduf

&onf/ ausmufp&pfykHay:wifxm;onfU qGrf;csdKifhudk vSrf;,l&efBuHrdygvsuf rvSKyf&Sm;jzpfbJ olUpum;ukd

omqufvmedK;edK;arQmfrd\/

]tjyifrSm aeylvSNyD aeUqGrf;pm;csdefqdkawmU ndKaeylxJvmcJU&wm acR;awGawmifpdkUvkdU ndK

yifyef;wmudk ukd,fpdwfraumif;ayr,fU udk,f0r;fomrdwmudkawmU ajymyg&ap ndK&,f}

]t&ifaeUawGuvn;f vmcsifygw,f owdvJ&aewmyJ rjzpfao;vkdUyg}

][kwfygw,f vmvm qGrf;t&ifuyfvkdufMu&atmif }

olwkdUcsdKifhqGJ ausmif;ay:wufrnftjyK qGrf;pm;csdefom ausmif;okdUvmí a0,sm0pöjyKavU

&Sdaom ausmif;om;av;ajy;vm,l&if; q&mawmfa&csdK;aew,f[k ajym\/ olwkdUausmif;ay:rwufjzpf

bJ a&Munfajrmif;eHab;om jyefavQmufvmMuonf/ awmifydEéJyifuvm; 'l;&if; MoZmyifuvm;rod?

&eHUoif;oif;jzihf rGefxkHaeaom ae&m0,f ndKwkdUtazeJU taru qGr;frydkUckdif;bl;vm;[k olar;onf/

]ckdif;wmaygU ndKvJ trSeftwkdif;yJ ajymvkdufawmUw,f EdkUr[kwf&if [kdwa,muftEÅ&m,f

udk rodbJaerSmpdk;vkdU}

]tJ'DawmU}

]tJ'DawmU tarwkdUuvJ wcgwavrS oGm;csifoGm;aygUwJU odoGm;vkdU rjzpfbl;wJU..}

]tif;av...aMumufMurSmaygU ...udk,fem;vnfygw,f}

olUpum;aMumifh ndKqwfueJ armUMunfUonf/ ndKUrsufvkH;rsm; ta&mifrSdefí ]'Dvkdr[kwf

ygbl;..udkazaomif;twGuf yg/ ndKwkdUu a&Smifajym&if&ygw,f}

olu aMomf[kom rSm;rSef;odí tm;wkHUtm;em jzpfrdonf/ ndK ajcvSrf;udk&yfí

]ndKwkdU apwemudk em;rvnfbl;? [kdupyfpkaeNyD 'DxufydkrouFmjzpfNyD; ZGwfpkHpr;f&if b,f

Page 36: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

ol'ku©a&mufrSmvJ ndKajymwmvnf; em;rvnfbl;/ [kdu b,favmufawmif odcsifaew,frSwfovJ/

ndKonf rxl;awmUNyDjzpfí tbarmifjrifcJUaom tkef;odef;wa,muf waumufaumuf

acsmif;aeykHudk jyefajymjyvkdufonf/ oltHUMoNyD; [kwfvm;[komar;\/

ndKvnf; vmcsifwmaygU ndKwkdUESpfa,mufaygif;rS aysmfp&maumif;wmyg/ ndKwa,mufxJ

tdrfrSmaysmfaew,f xiffvkdUvm; [k0rf;enf;oHjzifh ar;\/

olonf ndKUrsuf0ef;rsm;udk aocsmMunfUí

]'DrSmndK ukd,frSm;oGm;ygw,f udk,fajymwmem;axmifygOD; a[m'D a&Munfajrmif;uav;

udkMunfU MunfvifNyD; atmufuausmufa&mifpkHawGudk jrifae&wm ..[kdrSm [kdrSm a'gif;ig;av;awGvm;

a&arSmfyifuav;awG pdrf;vkdU...Mum;xJrSm b,favmufMunfeL;p&maumif;vJ ..ndKUrsufvkH;av;u

t&ifuqkd tJ'DvkdyJ tNrJMunfvifMunfeK;p&maumif;wmyg/ udk,fUaMumifh jzpfjzpf b,folUaMumifhjzpfjzpf

[kdacsmif;a&vkd raemufusdoGm;apcsifbl;/ 'gudk,fUqEtrSefygndK&,f ..udk,frSm;oGm;wm pdwfxJrxm;yg

eJUawmU ndKUrsufvkH;av; 'Da&Munfajrmif;vkd MunfaewmyJ awGUyg&ap.......}

olUpum;aMumifh ndKrSm olUtm;armUMunfUjyef\/ c&r;fEka7miftifusD c&rf;jyma&mif yGifh,Suf

xrdefESifh ndK\cEmrS ta&mifrsm;[yfaeaom a&MunfajrSmif;av;vkdyif / ndKrsufvkH;rsm; c&rf;jymvJUvJ

oef;vmum tenfxkdifvmí Munfvifvmonf[k oljrifonf/

zswfueJ olwkdUajc&if; jyKwfusvmaom t&mtm; ndKxdefUvefUíajcudk&kwfumvSrf;MunfU

onf/ ykwfoifndK acgif;pdrf;waumif ajray:MuNyD; xGufrajy;bJ acgif;wjidrfUNidrfUvkyfjyaeonfudk awGU

Mu&\/ olndKtm; vSnfUMunfUí NyHK;jyonf/

ndK eKwfcrf;rsm; rNyHK;cif rsufvkH;rsm;t&ifNyHK;vmoa,mifa,mif/

_____________________________________________________

'Da'owGif olUvkdvludkrS 'Drdef;uav; ra&G;cs,fvQif b,fewfom;udk arQmfrnfenf;/ tkef;odef;

b,fvkdrS pOf;pm;r&? &kHykdifBuD;orD;vkdUom ac:p&m&Sdonf? a&Txnfyif wcgw&Hao;rQifrQif0wfedKifolu

tkef;odef;vkd a&TBudK;wkwfwkwf? aiGayg<u,f<u,f NyD;awmU 'D&Gmem;w0kduf tkwfwkdufqkdí 'DwvkH;om

&Sdaoma*[mudkrS ykdifoludk ykHrSefxufrykdwm em;rvnfp&mjzpfae\/

ndKu bmudkBuD;BuD;us,fus,frSef;vkdUvJ [laom wcgu olUtar;udk rcifat;u ynm

vnf;&SdzkdUvkdrSmaygU[k ra&r&m ajzzl;onf/ tkef;odef;ykdí rauseyf/

ynm[kwfvm; tJ'DynmwwfNyD;awmU bmvkyfrSmvJ ykdufqHudk tJ'DynmeJU &SmrSmyJ r[kwf

bl;vm;..ydkufqHOpöm&SdNyD;om; vlu a&MunfwGif;ykdifNyD;om;yg/ ynmoifw,fqkdwmu a&wGif;udk tyif

yef;cHNyD; wl;ae&wJUvlawG a&xGufrxGufawmif raocsmbl;/

olem;vnfovkd pOf;pm;rdorQ ydkacgif;&SKwfp&mjzpfvmonf/

]wck&Sdw,fuG rdef;rqdkwm olwkdUpdwfcsrf;omatmif ajymwwfvkyfwwfwJUvltay:rSm om

,mwwfw,f..rif;undKeUJeD;eD;pyfpyf&atmif vkdufaygif;aygUuGm ..olpdwfcsrf;omr,fxifwmawGrsm;

rsm;vkyfay; MumawmU oHa,mZOfjzpfvma&m igajymwm r,kH&ifprf;MunfU}

J

Page 37: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

[kwfedKifonf[k tkef;odef;xifjyefonf/ ajymolu rdef;rESpfa,muf&NyD;ol bmtvkyfrSvJ

[kwfwdywfwd r&SdqdkawmU 'grSefedKifw,f[k tkef;odef;,lqvkdufonf/ 0ifyl;uGm b,folUrS *&kpdkufraeeJU

BudKufr&Suf idkfufr&SufbJ[k xyfqifhwGef;tm;ay;vkduf\/ tkef;odef;a&GUoGm;onf/

_______________________________________________

um;vwfay:rS qif;vkdufonfESifh tkef;odef;eif;vmaom pufbD;eSifhbGm;ueJawGUNyD; ndK&if

xdwfoGm;&onf/ b,fvJ[k tNyKH;jzifh ar;onfudk b,fvkdwkefUjyef&rSef; &kwfw&uf pOf;pm;&onfrSm yif

yef;vSygbd/ tkef;odef;[m ZGwform; twif;a&Smifvkduf&if &Suf&rf;&rf;r,f[laom rcifat;pum;ukd vkdufemrdí

qGrf;ydkUrvkdUav[k ykHrSefajymvdkuf&onf/

]b,fausmif;vJ}

]awm&ausmif;}

][m ...tawmfyJ igvJ tJ'Dra&mufwmMumNyD ausmif;0if;xJu apwDav;udk 0ifzl;vkduf

OD;r,f}

rdk;BudK;ypfawmif cGmrnfr[kwfonfU awmufwJUuyfaeNyDjzpfí ndKu tif;[kom wkefUjyef

&if; udk,fUpufbD;udk,frysufeif;vmonf/ tkef;odef;u &ifabmifwef;eif;vm&if; {nfUonfBuD; jyefoGm;

NyDvm;[k NyHK;ppar;\/ tif;..[kom rajzcsif ajzcsifajzvkduf&onf/ ausmif;xJrSm yufyif;wkd;&ifawmU

'ku©yJ[k olrylyefae&if; ig..vl&Sif;rS xGufvmwm b,ftcsdefuwnf;u acsmif;NyD; apmifhaeygvdrfU[k

tvkdrus jzpfvmjyefonf/

ausmif;0if;xJ pufbD;0ifvmuwnf;u aysmfNrL;&aom cHpm;rSKrSm ndKUrsufESmay:rS pkd;&GHU

jcif;t&dyfta,mifaMumifh ylyefrSKjzihf azaomif; ajymif;vJcHpm;vkduf&\/ &vkdufonfUtcGifhta&;av;wGif

rsuf&dyfjyvkdufonfU ndKUtcsufay;rSKaMumifh azaomif;udk,f&Sdefowfum tomykae&onf/

armiftkef;odef;qkdwm 'Dyk*¾dKvfyJ aer,f[k csufcsif;cefUrSef;rdovkd? aemufqufwGJjyóem

rsm;udk a&Smif&rnfU todaMumifh olUqEtm;vkH;udk csdK;ESdrfum awm&ausmif;tpGeftzsm;zuf oGm;a&Smif

aevkduf&onf/

onfwaeUtwGufom arQmfvifhcsufuif;jcif;r[kwf reufjzefaygif;rsm;pGm twGufvn;f

olonf ndKUrsufvkH;av;rsm;tpm; a&Munfajrmif;uav;udkom tvGrf;ajyMunfU&awmUrnf[k em;vnf

vdkufonf/

____________________________________________

]a&mifpkH ausmufvkH;t&G,fpkHeJU a'gif;ig;av;awGul;aewJU

a&Munfajrmif;uav;udk rsuf0ef;wpkHtaeeJU

oydwfvG,fuav; aw;oHukd pum;oHtaeeJU

&SOfUndKav;&JU tNrD;zm;zm;udk qHEG,f&SnfawGtaeeJU

ajymif;vJESpfodrfU&wJUtcg..

Page 38: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

uHMur®m vufacsmif;u ajymif;jyKwfvTJ&m

EG,fyifuav;wG,f&mrjrJ

ae&mvGJoGm;rSm ....&ifylw,f}

&uftwefMumü ndKUudk,fpm; rcifat;u awm&ausmif;okdU oGm;í ndKrvm0HUaMumif;..

tkef;odef;ESifhazaomif; qkHrSm pkd;&drfaeaMumif; ajymjyonf/ azaomif;u 'D&ufykdif;wGif ol&wkdUvmrnf

jzpfí blwmrSmcsdef;xm;aMumif; azaomif; rvmrjzpfvm&rnf/ ndKxGufrawGUygESifh [krSm&if; pmwykd'f

a&;ay;vkdufonfudk tdwfydwfí ,lvmcJUonf/

rcifat;jyefoGm;rS ndKzGifhzwf&if; rSefxJwGif olrrsuf0ef;udkjyefMunfUrd\/ aomuvufjzifh

arTaESmufcH&í a&Munfajrmif;uav;te,fxum rMunfvifedKifaMumif;awGU&onf/

___________________________________________

qmavmifaeaom usm;a&SU orifjzwfavQmufíawmU tpmjzpf&kH&Sdrnf/ orifoGm;vkdaom

vrf;rS usm;udkae&ma&TU&ef ndKqkH;jzwfvkdufonf/ blwm &Sd vbuf&nfqkdifwGif waeukeftcsdefjzKef;ae

aom tkef;odef;tm; ac:xkwf&ef ndKxkdae&mavQmufoGm;vkduf\/

]pufbD;cPavmuf tm;&ifiSm;ygvm; }

][m &wmaygU..b,foGm;rvkdUvJ[k csufcsif;ajzum tkef;odef;x&yf\/

aps;BuD;cP[k olrjyefajzonfESihf tdrfupufbD;bmjzpfvkdUvJ[k awmifrar; ..pufbD;

aomUzGifhum vkdufydkUay;rSmaygU[k ajymí xkdifckdif;onf/ 'DvkdyJjzpf&rSmaygU 'DblwmrSm 'Dtcsdef&Sif&SdaevkdU

rjzpfbl;qkdawmU 'Denf;yJ&SdwmaygU[k ndKpdwfxJ ajymaerd\/

aps;BuD;buf olrwdkUpufbD;a&mufvmcsdef &xm; 0ifvmoHMum;í azaomif;wkdUtzGJU awGU

qkHBuNyD[k awG;um tkef;odef;\ awmifpifa&r& pum;rsm;ukd onf;cHedKifpGr;f&Sdvm&\/

]b,folrqkd ...ydkufqHrsm;rsm;vkdcsifMuwmyJ r[kwfvm;}

b,fenf;eJU&wmvJ ..ydkuffqH&wkkdif; aumif;wmr[kwfbl; [kjyefyufcsifaomfvnf; [kwf

wmaygU [kom olrtvkdufoifhajzvkdufonf/ tkef;odef;um; auseyfvsuf/

]odef;eJUaomif;u b,f[mydkrsm;vJ}

]odef;ursm;wmaygU}

]at;...'gaMumifh ajymwmaygU azaomif;eJU tkef;odef;qkdwm odef;u ykdufqHydkrsm;wmaygU}

pdwfnpf&onfUtxJ &,fcsifp&maumif;aom pum;aMumifh ndKzGifh&,fvkdufonf/ tkef;odef;

um; rdef;uav;oabmusatmif ajymedKif&r,f[laom tcsufESifh abmif0ifNyD[k rSwf,lvQuf auseyf

rqkH;/

]'gqkd&if qHyifnSyfqkdifu ukdboef;u tkef;odef;xufcsrf;om&rsmaygU }

][m ..udkboef;u uav;taz tkef;odfef;u vlysdKav}

ndKbmajym&rnfudk rodawmU onfvkd vlpm;u onfvkd ajymwwfonfukd odygvQuf

Page 39: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

ac:xkwfvmrdaom olrtjypfESifh olryif/ tkef;odef;um; w[J[J&,frqkH;/ ndKum; udkazaomif;a&..

ndKUtjzpfudk jrifvSnfUygOD;? &SifuawmU vkyfcsifwmawG onf;xdwf&ifzkd vkyfae&vkdU auseyfaerSmaygU[k

om atmf[pfikdvkdufcsifawmUonf/

________________________________________________

]at;....aumif;w,f 'gudk aumfyDdqGJNyD; trsm;BuD; xkwfjzefU&r,f...tckigwkdUrSm puúL

tvSL&Sif&SdaeNyDuG..ol&wkdUqDu pufeJUckd;ckd;vSnfUaewm &wmeJU igwkdUavQmufjzefUwmyJ...}

azaomif; jyKpkxm;aom vufurf;pmapmifukd ol&ESifh xGef;oufwkdU tm;&aeMuonfudk

MunfU&if; azaomif;tm;wufvmonf/ wkdUOpömawG 'Dxufykdxda&mufzkdU vdkw,fuG..acgufcsdK;av;rsuf

ESmvkyf&if aumif;rvm; ponfjzihf olwkdUtm;wufoa&mwkdifyifNyD; ukuúdKyifajc&if; rSmyif tcsdefukefrSef;

rod nae&xm;vmoHMum;rS uref;uwef;vufrSwf0,fNyD; ol&wkdUjyefoGm;Muonf/ azaomif;&Tifvef;

pGmjyefcJUNyD; vr;fa&mufrS ndKUudkowd&onf/

________________________________________________________

]jzpfpOfqkd;&SnfaMumorQ

tcspfyifysdK; a&arsm&awmUr,f}

xkdokdU olUpdwfxJ a&&GwfqdkaerdNyD;rS tcspfqdkaom pum;vkH;roifhavQmf[k rdrdbmoma0

zefum qufumrawG;0HUawmUacs/rcifat;a&mufvmNyD; azaomif;wkdU tqifajy rajyar;cJUojzifh tm;

wufoa&m azaomif;pmjrHKUjyeforQ rcifat; rtDrvnfem;axmifae\/l

]bmjzpfaewmvJ wkdUtvkyfawG tm;&p&maumif;wm 0rf;romzl;vm;...tm;ay;aew,f

vJqkdao;w,f}

azaomif;\ tm;rvkdtm;r&tar;udk rcifat;u 'guawmU aumif;ygw,f ndKUudka&m

aus;ZL;rwifbl;vm;[komjyefar;\/ [m..b,fvdkar;vkdufwmvJ odyfaus;Zl;wifwmaygU [kajzaomf

vnf; rcifat;b0ifrus/aus;ZL;wifwmaygU [kajzaomfvnf; rcifat;b0ifrus/ aus;Zl;wifw,fqkd

wmawmUaumif;ygw,f/ ndKUtwGuf xdckdufapwmawmU rpdk;&drfbl;vm;[k ar;jyef\/

bmjzpfvkdUvJ[k oljyefar;rS ndKonf tkef;odef;udk MunfoGm;NyD[k t&yfxJu avQmufajym

aeaMumif; rcifat; trsufxGufaomrsufESmjzifh owif;ay;\/ azaomif; qwfueJ wGefUum bmvkdAs

[k bkqwfqwfjyefar;\/

}ndK tdrfrSmvJ tqlcH&w,f/ [kom rcifat;qufajymonf/

taumif;twGuf wGJvQuf vufcHvdkuf&aom tqkd;tay: azaomif;wkefvSKyfoGm;\/

tkef;odef;u vkd&mqGJawG;NyD; yg;pyfo&rf;wmyJqkdwm usrwkdU,kHw,f/ 'gayr,fU ndKU&JUajz&Sif;ykHkukd b0if

rusbl;[laom rcifat;pum;ukd olqdwfqdwfaeí oabmwlvkduf&onf/

]rcifat; bmajymcsifovJ}

&Sifajymoifhygw,f}

Page 40: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

oloufjyif;om ckd;csvkduf&onf/ wckawmUtav;teufpOf;pm;wmaygU &Sif[m awmom;

ta,mifaqmifxm;wJU aemufaMumif;wckudk zkH;uG,fxm;olqkdwm tkef;odef;taotcsmodaew,f/ Al;

pifatmufu &Sifhpum;awGudk olrSwfrdcJUw,fqkdwm rarUygeJU[k wkdufwGef;\/

]tkef;odef; yg;pyfudk usaemfvufoD;eJU ydwfqkdUypfvkdufr,f qkd&if......}

]olUtazu &Sifh*kwfudkdqGJNyD; vufxdyfcyfckdif;vkdufr,f NyD;awmU....}

][kwfygw,f..usaemfUqE´awGukd rsdKodyf&aygif;rsm;aeygNyD|

ausmif;0if;twGif; wd&dpämefuav;rsm; wkd;oH csdK;csdK;cRrfcRrfjrnfaeonfudkom ESpfa,muf

om;em;axmifaeMuonf/ }ndKu pmav;bmav; ra&;vkdufbl;vm;} [kar;\/

]ndKu wwfedKif&if olUtcuftcJukd awmif&Sifhukdodapcsifwm r[kwfbl;? usru raeom

awmUvkdUom vmtoday;&w,f? &SifhwkdUvlawGawGUvkduf&NyD; taESmifht,Sufr&Sd tqifajycJUw,fqdkwm

udk ndKauseyfrSmawmU aocsmygw,f}

olrpum;ukd olacwÅawG;aeonf/ NyD;rS....

]aemufwcg 'Denf;eJU rvkyfoifhawmUbl;vkdU usaemfem;vnfygw,fqkdwmyJ ajymyg&ap

ndKU *kPfodu©m xdckdufaprSKrSm usaemf t"du w&m;cHygqkdwmvJ 0efcHygw,f}

olUpum;ukd rcifat; em;axmifNyD; oHa0* &ovkd nnf;onf/

]wcgwcg &SifwkdU a,muFsm;awG[m rdef;rom;qkdwJU twdrf;tapmif; rcHwJUjzpfwnfrSKudk

av;eufzdkU arUaewwfw,f/ bmeJU wlovJqkdawmU a&pdk&if ysufwwfwJU a&aq;yef;csDum;udk rkd;&GmxJ

acgif;ay:wifaqmif;NyD; udk,fUvkd&mc&D;oGm;ovkdaygU}

ol rcsdNyHK; yifrNyKH;edKif /udk,fwkdU tzGJUawGeJU csdef;xm;w,f armiftkef;odef; &efu&Sif;atmif

b,fvkdvkyf&rvJ[k ndKtm; olar;cJUjcif;onfyif rvdrfUwywfESifh armiftkef;odef;tm; ac:xkwfoGm;edKif

jcif; rnfaeNyDjzpfonf/

_______________________________________

ol csDwkHcswkH pOf;pm;aepOfyif weHeufcif;í ndKqGrf;ydkUa&mufvmonf/ ndKtqlcH&w,fqkd

[k ol*&kPmoufpGmar;onfudk ndK rom,maom rsufESmudk [efraqmifbJ &ygw,f tarwkdUu ndKU

udk,kHw,f tJovkd rvkyf&bl; qkdwJU oabmyJ ajymwmyg[k ajzonf/

][kwfw,f ndK ukd,fwkdUa,mufsm;awGu wcgwav rdef;uav;awGtay: ukd,fxifcsif

ovkd xifvkdufwm}

xifaewmu awmfao;w,f xifaewmudk avQmufajymwmu ydkdqkd;wm[k ndK pdwfvuf

yifyef;pGm rSwfcsufcsonf/ bmyJjzpfjzpf ndK&,f udk,fUtwGufjzpf&wmrdkUudk,fUrSmyJ wm0ef&Sdw,f/ 'gay

r,fU aemufwcg jzpfp&m taMumif; r&SdawmUygbl;/ udk,f'Da'ou pGefUcGmygawmUr,f[k olzGifh[vkduf

rdonf/

uGrf;oD;yifay:rS &SOfUuav;ckeful;oGm;í uGrf;vufvSKyf&SmoGm;onfESifh xyfwl ndKrsufESm

wnfNidrfrSK ysufoGm;onfudk awGUonf/ bmjzpfvkdUvJ ndKvpfwmeJU vmaerSmyJ[k tapmwvsif jyefar;

Page 41: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

&if; olrqEukd yGifhvif;rSK wckjzifh azmfjyonf/ olUpum;udk uefUuGufvkdaom rsufvkH;rsm;yifjzpf\/

BuH&nfa&mif ZmtifusD &Sm;a&mifxrDESifh eHab;rSm ,Of,Ofaus;aus;xkdifum tazmfjyKay;

aeonfU xkdrdef;uav;tm; pGefUcGmoGm;vkdonfU qE okdUr[kwf oGm;edKifonfUowÅdolUrSm tvsOf;r&SdaMumif;

ndK odapcsifvSonf/ okdUaomf....

]ukd,fUtvkyf udk,fpOf;pm;MunfUw,fndK oHa,mZOfudk tvkdvkdufvkdUr&bl; tpmxuf toufudk

wefzdk;xm;&r,fUiSufvkdjzpfaew,f ndKeJU ukd,f'DvkdyJawGUaeMu&if waeUr[kwf waeU tEÅ&m,f

u ajc&mcHygvdrfUr,f/ txl;ojzihf ol&wdkU vm&if udk,fwkdUtay;t,l vkyfaeMuwJU pmapmifawGu vl

rdvkdUrjzpfbl;? rouFmvkdU MunfUr,fqkdwJU tajctaea&mufvdkU rjzpfbl;}

][kwfw,f..tkef;odef;u olUtazudk vufwkdUvkduf&if uGdueJrdawmUrSm}

ndK&ifxJ ylyefqkH; tcsufukd rxl;awmUNyDjzpfí xkdokdUzGifhajymum tkef;odef;u olrtm;

azaomif;[m awmom;b,fenf;eJUrS r[kwfedKifbl;? bmvdkUvdrfajym&wmvJ[k olraps;BuD;ukd vkdufykdU&ef

ac:xkwfcJUpOfu twif;tusyfar;aecJUaMumif;yg ajymjyvdkufonf/

][kwfw,f ndK ausmif;om;awG tNidrfraeyJ vSKyf&Sm;aeMuwm tm;vkH;oabmaygufaeM

MuawmU olwkdU oHo,jzpfNyD; zrf;ppfvkduf&if rdoGm;edKifw,f}

tajctaet&yf&yftay: ndKoabmrwlyJ vufcHvkduf&NyDjzpfonf/

b,fawmUoGm;rSmvnf; [kom wdk;wdrfaomtoHjzihf ar;um olUtm;r&TifysedKifaom rsufESm

jzifh armUMunfUaeonf/

reufjzefyJ oGm;awmUr,fav obufcgqkd&if ol&wkdU vmMuOD;rSmyg olwkdUrvmcif olwkdU

qDa&mufatmif oGm;&r,f? ol&wkdUeJUyJaeNyD; ausmif;zGifhcsdeftxdd BudwfvSKyf&Sm;ae&rSmyJ ndKUukdawmU tck

uwnf;u eKwfqufw,faemf [k olwnfNidrfatmif BudK;pm;íajymonf/

[kwfuJU [kwkefUjyefaom ndKUtoHrSm rxGufjzpfí xGufvm&aom eKwfcrf;rSm wGJvJckdvQuf

trQifwef;aeoa,mif/ NyD;aemuf olUtm; rMunfUawmUyJ 'l;wzufaxmufí xkdifaevsufyif 'l;ay:ar;

apUuav;wifvsufolra&SUrS a&Munfajrmif;uav;tm; ai;MunfUae\/ a'gif;ig;uav;rsm; a&arSmfyif

tMum; wkd;a0SUum vl;vmul;aeMuonfudk olrjrifygvsuf a&awGaemufukefNyDvm;[kawG;rdaeonf/

azaomif;onf ndKUeHab;xkdifae&if;yif 'DrSmndK [kpum;p\/

ndK vSnfUrMunfU 'l;wzufaxmif xkdifaeaom ajcusif;0wfudk vufESpfzufjzifh ykdufxm;vsuf

yif jidrfoufaeqJ/

]ukd,f tckajymrSmawG ndK rarUapcsifbl; ndKtaotcsmem;axmifyg/} [kwfuJU[kqdkum

ndK rsufvTmcsvsuf tjcm;rnfodkUrQ xl;jcm;rwkefUjyef/

]ukd,fwkdUrsufpdxJrSm b,fawmUrS MunfUr0edKifwJU &SOfUuav;awGvkdyJ ndK[m jyKrlaexkdif

wwfcJUw,f/ tNrD;zm;zm;BuD;awG wvTm;vTm; eJU avQmufajy;aewJU &SOfUuav;awG MunfUaumif;ovkd

ndKUqHyifzm;zm;BuD; a0qmaewmvJ udk,fowd&aer,f}

xkdokdU ajymaepOfyif opfoD;wvkH;ukd rwfwyf&yfí aumufukdifrdoGm;aom &SOfUndKuav;

rSm apGUueJ opfyifay: ajy;wufoGm;onfudk awGUvkdufMu&onf/

f

Page 42: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

]oydwfvG,fiSufuav;vkd om,mwJU ndKUpum;awGukdvnf; rarUygbl;} NyD;awmU 'Da&Munf

ajrmif;uav;vkd tNrJudk,fUtwGuf MunfvifcJUwJU ndKUrsufvkH;awGudkvnf; udk,ftNrJ jrifa,mifaeygr,f/

NyD;awmU ndKwnfcJUwJUa&tkd;pifxJu a&vkd ukd,fU&ifudk at;jrapwJU ndKUtNyHK;awGudkvnf; b,fawmUrS

rarUygbl;qdkwm ndK ,kHonfjzpfap r,kHonfjzpfap? ukd,fUbufu rysufedKifwJUrSefaom pum;ygndK&,f}

ndKonf olUpum;tqkH; [if;ueJ oufjyif;&SnfomcsvkdufedKif\/

ndKbmajymOD;rvJ[k ol*&kwpkdufar;onf/ ndK rajymwwfí ndKvnf;owd&aeygUr,f[k

om wkd;wkd;ajymonf/ twefMumonftxd olwkdUpum;oHrsm;tpm; iSufaygif;pkHwkdU bmombm0 wGefusK;

oHudkom Mum;ae&\/

]ndK oma&tdk;pif rwnfcJU&if ckvkd eKwfrqufcsifyJ eKwfqufae&rSm r[kwfbl;aemf/ 'g

ayr,fU a&tdk;pifwnfrdwm ndK aemifwawmU r&ygbl;/ qkHNyD;cGJMu&wm ndKem;vnfygw,f }

]'DvkdygyJ ndK&,f...aES;wmeJU jrefwmyJ &SdMuwmyg awGUwkef;qkHwkef;rSm udk,fUtay: pdwf

csrf;omp&mcsnf; ay;cJUwJU ndKUudk ukd,faus;Zl;vJwifygw,f/ ukd,fwkdUjyefqkHMuwJUtcg b,folu ykdowd

&vJ qkdwm ajymcGifh&yg&apvkdUom udk,fqkawmif;ygw,f}

]ndKwkdU b,fvdkjyefqkHOD;rSmvJ} [kar;aom ndKUrsufvkH;rsm;pdkvsuf/

]ndKq,fwef;atmif&ifvnf; awGUrSmyJav rcifat;eJU udk,fvnf; tquftoG,f&SdMurSm

yJ udk,fvJ wcsdefa&mufvmOD;rSmyg}

twefi,fpdwfoufom&oGm;jcif;udk ndK rzkH;uG,f/ ndK qkawmif;aeygr,f[kom ESpfodrfU

vQuf ajymaeonf/ ndK bmajymí b,fvkddqufae&rnfrod / olrx&yfonfESifh olvn;fxvkduf&yfum

reuftapmBuD; OD;av;wkdUudk ukd,fvmuefawmUr,f NyD;wmeJU vmr,fU &xm;eJU ukd,fvkdufoGm;r,f/ ndK

tapmBuD; edK;aeatmif BudK;pm;aemf [k owday;onf/

___________________________________________________

nuvnf; aumif;pGm tdyfraysmfcJU / tm&kPfwufusD;redK;cif olrxí jcH0qif;um arQmf

rdonf/ rMumcifyif a&mifeDEk rorf;rD azaomif; tdwfwvkH; ausmykd;vsuf qkdufvm\/ jcHwcg;zGifh0if

NyD; ndK toifhjyifxm;onfU aumfzDudk aomufonf/

ndK rdbESpfyg;udk olaus;Zl;wifpum;ajymNyD; uefawmUonfwGif at;uGm..rif;wkdUuvnf;

qufvSKyf&Sm;aeawmU 'Dtajctaea&mufvmwmudk; ae&ma&TU&NyDaygUuGm ...b,fyJa&mufa&muf OmPf

ynm&Sd&Sd aexkdifjyKrlaexkdifyg[k OD;a&Tcifu rSm\/

a':wifwifum; ndKtm; xrif;aMumfckdif;NyD; ...aMomf igUarsmufawG waumifwuGJjzpf

aeMuNyDaygU /'ku©ukd yl;aygif;NyD; r&SmedKifMuawmUbl;[k a&&Gwfonf/

]arsmufawGu aqmUayr,fU oHa,mZOfawmU &Sdwwfygw,f ta':&,f}

]at;yg[,f igvJ em;rsufpdaemufvGef;vkdUom ajym&wm/ wu,fawmU eifwkdU[m udkcifa&T

aomufwJU aq;wHvkdygyJ tem;rSm aomufae&if anSmfvGef;vkdU armif;xkwf&w,f/ olr&Sd&ifvnf; añSmf

eHUav;yJ owd&aejyefa&m/ }

Page 43: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

ol&,fí usaemfndKUudk eKwfqufOD;r,f &xm;vnf; vmawmUr,fqkdum rD;zkdcef;xJ 0if

oGm;onf/

ndKrSm xrif;Murf;tdk; ',ftkd; ..rD;zkd wkdUMum; qDykvif; ukdifvkduf rD;arT;vkdufjzifh a,mif

aepOf ol0ifvmonfudk awGUí cPav;aemf[k ajymum uref;uwef; ,yfcyfaeonf/

]xm;vkdufprf;yg ndK&,f..'DtcsdefrSm ndK tvkyf&SKwfffNyD; aMumfaewmudk udk,frpm;&ufbl;

wrsdK;BuD;yJ}

olUpum;aMumifh ndK olUtm;vSnfUMunfUNyD; [kwfw,f ndKvnf;wrsdK;BuD;yJ rvkyfcsifbl;?

&ifbwfxJrSm ylqmqmBuD; [k 0efcHum vufxJukdifxm;orQ vTwfcsvkdufonf/

]ndK udkf,fUudk wckckajymygvm; nupOf;pm;xm;wm bmrS r&Sdbl;vm; udk,fwkdU trSwf&

aep&m }

ndKonf aemufaz;bufokdU jyLMunfU&m a&mifeDoef;aeNyDudk jrifí vm..ndKjyp&m&Sdw,f

[k qkdum olUtm;rD;zkdacsmifxJ xkwf a&ujyifrS qif;um Al;pifatmufac:oGm;\/ [kdrSmMunfUprf;[k ñGefjy&m

ykwfírJaeaom Al;oD;uav;wvkH; udkomawGU&\/ ol ndKU rsufESmjyefMunfUaomf ndKu olr

tav;teuf ajymvkdonfU taMumif;t&mudk vGrf;pzG,f pum;oHjzihf ajymjy\/

]awGUvm; Al;oD;av; ykwfoGm;NyD}

ndKUpum;onf xkdrQomjzpf\/

aMomf..[kom olwtHUwMo a&&GwfrdNyD; tawG;rsm;rSm &ifxJ wkd;a0SUa&mufvmonf/

'gudk,fvufndK;xkd;vkdU ykwfwmr[kwfbl; / ykwfrJUtvkH;udk vufndK;xkd;rdwm [k oljiif;ckHvkdpdwfr&SdawmU

oltvsif tjrefpOf;pm;í olUpum;udk apmifhpm;aeaom ndKtm; ,ckvkd pDumajymvkdufrdonf/

]udk,f aemufqkd&if b,fawmUrS Al;oD;tuif;av;awGudk vufndK;eJUrxkd;awmUygbl; ndK

&,f..Al;oD;EkEkav;udk tarT;royf&bl;qkdwmawmU udk,fMum;zl;vkdU royfcJUygbl; }

olUpum;aMumifh ndK pdwf&SKwfoGm;[efjzihf ndK 'gawG ajymcsifwm r[kwfygbl; [kqkdum

Al;oD;tykwfuav;udk cl;vdkufonf/ NyD;aemuf ,loGm;[k trdefUay;\ / oltlaMumifaMumifjzifh ,lvdkuf

&onf /

]'g .. ndKUvufaqmifvm; .. udk,fodrf;xm;&rSmvm; }

ndK rnfodkUrQ jyefrajz ? ESKwfcrf;udk r&,frjyHK;rdap&ef odkYr[kwf rrJYrdap&ef cyfwnffwnf

jzpfatmif apYíom aeae\ /

],loGm;ygr,fav .. ]ndK} qdkwJUAl;pifrSm aysmf&Tifjcif;Al;oD;uif;av;awG trsm;BuD;eJU

a0a0qmqmaecJUyg / udk,fUaMumifYykwfoGm;wJU aysmf&Tifjcif;wckudkawmU udk,fMunfhNyD; aemifw&aeygr,f

[k ol o&kyfaqmifwa,muf jyZmwfxJajymonfh ktrlt&mjzifUajymum ndKUudkMunfhonf /

bmaMumifY[k olrod ndKUa&SUrS acgif;idkufpdkufcsoGm;vdkpdwfudk taumiftxnfazmfum

tdrfa&SUcef; jyefa&mufvmonf / ol OD;cifa&TwdkUESifU ESKwfqufpum; xdkifajymaepOf ndK u cef;qD;Mum;rS

olUudk acsmif;MunfUaecJU\ /oljyefMunfUaomf olrxoGm;um ukuúKdyifrS a&tkd;pifudk oefU&Sif;a&vS,fvkyf

aeawmU\/

Page 44: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

&xm;oHMum;aomf oltdrfay:rS qif;vmonf/ ndKtm; ...udk,foGm;NyDaemf ..ukd,fajym

wmawG rarUapcsifbl;? ndK tdrfxJ0ifaevkdufav awmfMum udk,fUudkeKwfqufaewm tkef;odef;awGUoGm;

OD;r,f ..raMumufbl;vm;[k pvkdufonf/

tkef;odef; ruvkdU tkef;odef;tazyJjzpfjzpf ndK raMumuf[k ajymcsifaomfvn;f pum;oH

rxGufbJ a&tkd;pifuav;&Sd&mom olroGm;&yfaeonf/ ol&xm;ay:wufí vufjyaomfvnf; ndKu

onftwkdif;yif ayuyfuyf&yfaeqJ/ vufESpfzufudk aemufzufuyfí ukuúdKyifukd rDum t&kyfw&kyfvkd

ussefcJUaom ndKrSm qHyifzm;zm;rsm;rSm &xm;&SdefaMumifhvm;rod avxJ a0U0JusefcJUonfudkom olMunfU

&if;vkdufygoGm;cJU&awmUonf/

rdk;OD;us ausmif;jyefzGifh onfESifh oltdrfjyefaevkdufonf/

ol&wkdU xHae&if; qufoG,frdolrsm;ESifh ausmif;xJ jyefqkHonfwGif wcsDwarmif;jyefponfU

ta&;awmfykHay:vm\/ Akdufqmaewkef; udwfrkefUvmay;onfESifh wlvSonf[k xifNyD;tm;yg;w& 0ifEGJ

vkdufonf/ ,cifwcgxuf tm;aumif;vmNyDjzpfí rausyGJrSm ykdpnfum;vm\/

rcifat;rSm aMumufaMumufvefUvefUjzifh vSrf;arQmfMunfU&if; vlykdpnfum;vmí tem;

okdUuyf&if azaomif;udk awGUatmif&Sm&onf/ pD;yGm;a&;wuúokdvft0if0ü ykdpwmwcsyfxlaeaom

azaomif;tm;awGUí ausmfudkvG,ftdwfjzifh ydwf&kdufvkdufrdonf/

][m rcifat;...vmavAsm rdef;uav;awG trsm;BuD; ygaeNyD vefUraeeJU...}

azaomif; tm;yg;w&yif eHab;&Sd Avmpmtkyfrsm;udk ñTefjyí pmtkyftvSLcHrvm;...

a<u;aMumfoHawG 0kdif;a&;ay;rvm; MudKufwmvkyf[kckdif;\/ rcifat;pdwfr&SnfawmU /

]&Sifh[mawG cPxm;ygOD; &Sif ndKUowif;av;bmav; ar;zkdU owdr&atmif tvkyf&SKwf

aeNyDvm; }

[m..[kwfw,f ndKaeaumif;vm;[k olar;aomfvn;f vufxJ tvkyfrsm;udk rsufESmr

vTJ/ awmfNyD [kajymum rcifat;vSnfUxGufoGm;onf/ [m..aeygOD;As...'gav;awG ,loGm;ygOD; taqmif

rSm vkdufa0Asm [k olawmif;yef&if; pm&GufwxyfvufxJ xkd;ay;onf/

rcifat; ydkípdwfwkdum

]&Sif ...udkazaomif;rS [kwfao;&JUvm; }

xkdpum;aMumifh ol&&,fum at;avAsm azaomif;b0udk 'DaumifpGefUvkdufNyD[k 0ifajym

\/

&Sif tlaMumifaMumifvkyfraeeJU ? azaomif;[m azaomif;yJ awmblwmuav;u rajymif;

vJao;zl; &Sifajymif;vJcsifvkdU b,f&rvJ[k qlqlaqmifhaqmifh Budrf;armif;\/

]usaemf bmajymif;vJvdkUvJAsm...rcifat;uvJ}

]&Sif pmav;wapmifawmif bmvkdUa&;azmfr&vJ}

] tm...vdyfpmrod.... }

]bm....bmvkdU rod&rSmvJ olUtaz eHrnfeJU &kHykdifBuD;qkd&if a&mufNyDaygU ..&Sif usr

wkdUawmblwmav;udk rrSwfrdavmufatmif &l;oGm;NyDvm; }

Page 45: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

][m...[kwfom;yJAsm ...[k olt&Sufajy&,faeaomfvnf; rcifat; auseyfrSK

vkH;0r&ay/

&Sifhukd tkef;odef;tazvufxJ tapmBuD;xJU tyfvkduf&if taumif;om; [k rcifat;a&&Gwf

&if; w&SK;xkd;xGufoGm;onf/ azaomif;rSm [m..Asm..a&;vkdufygr,f rtm;ao;vkdU yg[kom qifajc

ay;&if; vufptvkyfrsm;qufusefcJU\/

_________________________________________

tvSLcHzdkUvmaeMuw,f/ [laom owif;aMumifh rcifat;awGUorQ ydkufqHqGJum taqmif

ay:rS ajy;qif;vmNyD; a0zmwxkyf0,fvkdufonf/ awmif;wvkH;udk 0g;vkH;vQdKxrf;í pkdufpkdufvmaeaom

azaomif;ESifh ol&ukdjrifaomf olrvufwGefUoGm;\/

awmif;xJwGif iSufaysmfoD; ESifhrkefUxkyfrsm; awGU&onf/ &Sifrpm;eJU[k qlatmifhatmifhajym

um rcifat; awmif;xJxnfUvkduf\/ azaomif;&,fum a0zm usaemfBudKufw,fAs pm;rSmyJ[k jyefaemuf

\/

]'DvdkrSef;od&if &SifhtwGuf rSefwcsyfvSLvkdufcsifwm..}

rcifat;pum;udk azaomif;em;rvnf..bmvkyfzkdUvJAs usaemf &kyf&nfvSywm usaemf

odNyD;om;yJ ausmif;xJvmavAsm w&m;yGJ&SdaewmyJ[kac:onf/

olrw&m;yGJ rMumcP em;axmifaomfvn;f &Sif;rjycsif/ azaomif; tm;pdwfwkdí ]&Sifh&kyf

udkjyefMunfUzkdU r[kwfbl; ausmckdif;&mrSm bmjzpfusefcJUrSef;rodolawGtwGuf aemufMunfUrSefwcsyfvSL

csifwm} [kaqmifhBuD; atmifhBuD; ajymvkdufonf/

_________________________________

w&TD;&DT;ESifhavwkd;oHrsm;Mum;rS pum;rsm;udk ndK tm;pkdufem;axmifae&onfrSm tm;rvkd

tm;r&&SdvSonf/ a&'D,dk vkdif;rSm jynfyc&D;a0;rS vTifhxkwfaeí wkd;wcg us,fwvSJU / Mum;&orQ ESifh

yif ndKUrsufapUxJ ykHazmfMunfUonf/ trsm;enf;wl vSKyfvSKyf&G&Gjzpfaeaom ausmif;om;tkyfxJ [kdajy; 'D

ajy;vkyfaernfU azaomif;ukd rSef;qMunfU&if; toJwxdwfxdwfjzpfvm\/

ndK &efukefoGm;MunfUcsifw,f}

tazUtm; rylpmpzl; ylqmrdonf/tazonf tif;...[k oH&SnfqGJNyD; b,folUqDrSmae

rvJ eifha':av;awG tdrfeJU ausmif;uvn;f ta0;BuD; b,folUvkdufykdUckdif;rvJ[k jyefar;\/l

]rcifat; &SdwmyJ olUtaqmifukd oGm;&if r&bl;vm;}

qEjyif;jyaeaom orD;twGuf OD;a&TciftBuHxkwfaepOf a':wifwifxí

][UJ..arsmufu 'ku©txkyfoGm;rjznfeJUOD; a&ma,mifNyD; tqGJcH&vkdU....}

ndK rsufESm plí ndK MunfUcsifw,f ndK MunfUcsifw,f [líom wpmpmatmfaeonf/

_______________________________________________________

Page 46: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

nf/

vufckwfoHwazsmif;azsmif; ESifh ausmif;om;y&dwfowfxJ t&yfxJrS rdef;r vlBuD;rsm;ESifh

twl ndK 0ifomvm&onf &ufu w'dwf'dwfckefaeqJ ..rcifat;vufudk rvTwfwrf;udkifí t"dywd

vrf;ay: ndKa&mufvmcsdef tyrf;ajz&dyfoma&SUwGif tomcsJUpufwifxm;onfU pifjrifheSifhtwl azG;aeaom

ausmif;om; y&dwfowfudk jrifítm;wufvmonf/

bmrS raMumufeJU ..ig&Sdw,f [k rcifat;tm;ay;&if; azaomif;qkdonfU avvkdk tzrf;&

cufoludk b,fvkdrdatmifBuH&ygU[k awG;ylaerd\/ pmMunfUwkdufopfa&SUwGif ndK tm;ae&mcsum 'DrSmxkdif

aeaemf b,frSroGm;eJU igvkduf&SmvkdufOD;r,f[krSmum ndKtm; rcifat;xm;&pfcJUonf/

tckae&kwf&kwfoJoJ 0ifzrf;&if 'ku©yJ igawmUb,fajy;&rSef;rodbl;[k tm;i,f&if; w&m;

yGJrS a[majymcsufukd tm&kHpdkufrdonf/

t"dywdvrf;upcJUwJU yxrtMudrfausmif;om;oydwfuyJ udkvkdeDpepfxr;fykd;atmufrS vGwf

ajrmufa&;twGuf rD;&SK;rD;yef;jzpfcJUw,f[k tpcsDum a[majymaeaom ausmif;om;wOD;\ pum;0,farsm

yg&if;ndK taMumufajyvmonf/

a0gueJyGJvSefUvkdufí &kwf&kwfoJoJjzpfoGm;aom y&dwfowfukd ausmif;om;rsm; jymjymovJ

xdef;ae&\/ ndKrSm xkdif&mu xNyD; tm;udk;&mrJU ajy;ayguf&Smae&onf/ rcifat;rSm pdwfylNyD; csufcsif;

jyefa&mufvm\l/

]rajy;eJUndK bmrSrjzpfbl; awGUatmifudk &SmNyD; ig olUudkjycsifw,f}

y&dwfowf jyefNidrfaomf rcifat; jyefxGufoGm;onf ndK &ifwzkdzdk usefcJUjyef\/ [kdbufu

0dZÆmaqmifawGqkdawmU udkazaomif;wkdU pmoifaqmifu 'DzufuaygU[k olrvSrf;arQmfMunfUvdkuf a[m

ajymcsufrsm;udk wvefUvefUESifh em;axmifvkduf}

av;bD;um;wpD;ay:vSrf;wufvkdufonfU azaomif;udk jrifí udkazaomif;[k rcifat;

us,favmifpGm [pfac:vkdufonf/ azaomif; vSnfUMunfUNyD; [m..vkdufrvm; tmpDo&D;u tzGJUawG

udk oGm;BudKrvkdU[k zdwfac:onf/

]ndK a&mufaew,f...pmMunfUwkdufa&SUrSm apmifhaew,f vkdufcJU}

olUrsufESmay:rS tHUMooGm;jcif; vu©Pmukd rcifat; jrifvkduf&í auseyfrdonf/

olum;ay:rS jyefqif;&rvkdvdk jzpfae\/ a[Uaumif vkdufcJUOD;avuGm ..[kdrSmcsdef;xm;

NyD;awmU[k xGef;oufu owday;\/ olqif;rnfjyKNyD;wefUaeonf/

rcifat; xGef;oufukd rsufapmif;xkd;í &SifwkdUzmomoGm;ac:Muygvm; [kdrSm vkdufvm&

wm awmu oem;ygw,f[k aigufqwfqwfajymvdkuf\/

awGa0aeaom azaomif;tm; xGef;oufu a[Uaumif jyefvmrSawGUawmU udk,fa&;udk,f

wm OD;pm;ray;eJU[kdrSm csdef;xm;wm rif;ygrS jzpfr,f[k owday;onf/

]bmvkyfaewmvJ ..qif;cJUav..[kdrSmaeylBuD;xJ wa,mufxJ}

pdwfr&SnfbJ a[mufvkdufaom rcifat; tm;olrsufESmcsdKaoG;í tckcsufcsif;jyefcJUr,f

Asm ..a&mU ..aeyl&if OD;xkyfuav; aqmif;ay;xm;vkduf[k qkdum acgif;ay:aqmif;xm;aom OD;xkyf

cRwfí urf;ay;NyD; um;ay:ygoGm;awmU\/

f

Page 47: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

rcifat;rSm tidkufrdNyD; ,lrdaom OD;xkyfjzLudkom a'grmefygygjzihfvkH;acsvQuf ..awmuf

ueJ wufacgufum at;yg &SifhxkdufeJU&SifhuH aemufrS tqkd;rqkdeJU ..tckawmU ndKUxkdufeJUndKUuHyg[k

atmf[pfusefcJUonf/

um;\ aemufMunfUrSefxJ usefcJUaom rcifat;tm; azaomif;rMunfU&J MunfU&J MunfU

&if;yif a0;íuG,faysmufoGm;&\/

_______________________________________________

]a&mU..'DrSm ..ESvkH;om;r&Sdolwa,muf&JU MuifemrSK}

aeylxJ jzwfvm&ívm; ..rcifat;rsufESmeDjref;vQuf vufxJygvmaom OD;xkyfukd ndK

xHay;onf/ azaomif;aqmif;aeMujzpfí ndKrSwfrdNyD; tirf;r& vSrf;,lvkdufonfwGif &ifxJ aEG;axG;pGm

cHpm;vkduf&\/

]ol rvmbl;vm; rrat;}

]olvm; ..at; aemufMunfUrSefrygwJUum;wpD;ay:ygoGm;w,f} cwfqwfqwfedKifaom

rcifat; pum;udk ndK ar;cGef;jyefrxkwf0HU /OD;xkyfjzLudkom &if0,fykdufí w&m;yGJzuf tm&kHjyefydkUMunfU

aomfvnf; r&/ tawG;pkHjzihf &SKwfaxG;aeonf/

rcifat;onf vm..oGm;Mur,f[kqkdum x&yf\/

][m..bmjzpfvkdUvJ ndKUem;axmifcsifvkdU vmcJU&wm}

ndKUpum;ukd rcifat; oem;aomfvnf; azaomif;udk xk&kdufí trSKefUBudwfypfcsifpdwfu

rukefao;? azaomif;vm&Sm&if rawGUbJ a,mifcsmcsmjzpfaeatmif vkyfcsifvSonf/

]vmprf;yg eifuvJUpm;racscsifbl;vm;...acs&r,f uvJUpm;qkdwm rod

wwfolawGtwGuf acszdkU vkdukdvkdwJU qkH;renf;yJ vmcJU}

rcifat; twif;qGJac:&m ndKygvmcJUaomfvnf; ra&&mrSKwkdUu BuD;pkd;aeí rsufvkH;uv,f

uv,fjzpfaeonf/ OD;xkyfaqmif;xm; aeylw,f/ 'gayr,fU olUOD;xkyfvkdU rrSwfeJU[k rcifat; trdefUay;

í aqmif;vkduf&aomfvnf; udkazaomif; OD;xkyf? udkazaomif;u igaqmif;zkdUay;vkdufwm [laom aEG;

axG;MunfeK;rSKudk olr razsmufcsifay/l

pmMunfUwkdufa&SUokdU vSrf;jrif&onfUae&modkU a&TU&if; olrwkdU qufem;axmifMu\/

qJAif;*sLvSKdifu pcJUwJU ppftmPm&Sif atmufu vGwfajrmufa&;vSKyf&Sm;rSK[m wkdUaemif

awmf trawmf awG&JU aoG;eJUa&;cJUwm/ b0awGeJU&if;NyD; t&kd;awGeJUcif;xm;cJUwm [laom a[majymcsuf

jzifh aemufausmif;om;wOD; wufvmjyefonf/ OD;oefUeJU rSdKif;&mjynfU ta&;awmfykH awGeJU vufqifhurf;

cJUwm igwkdU&JU wm0efudk pufrSKausmif;om; udkzkef;armfu aoG;eJUrD;&SK;azmufNyD; tcsufay;cJUNyD igwkdUacwf

rSm tNyD;tjywfwkdufMur,f[k qufvufa[majymvmonf/

ndK twGufcHjyif;p&mrsm; vSKyf&Sm;p&mrsm; &ifemp&mrsm; wckNyD;wck em;axmifae&NyD; w

ajzmif;ajzmif; vufckyfoHrsm; eSifhtwl wkdufyGJ0if&Jr,f r[kwfvm;..tck tusOf;axmifxJrSm &SdaewJU ig

wkdkU&Jabmfausmif;om;awG Mum;atmif vGwfajrmufa&;wkdufyGJawGrSm toufay;cJUwJU igwkdU aemifawmf

trawmfawG&JU 0dOmOfawGMum;atmif a<u;aMumfMurvm;...[laom ar;oH? pifatmufrSausmif;om;

xk\ vkdufr,f wkdufyGJ0ifr,f [laom uwday;oHrsm; em;axmif&if; olryg tm;wufvmonf/

S

Page 48: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

&[ef;wyg; a[majym&ef wufvmvkduf awmfMum xyfrHcsDwufvmonfU ausmif;toD;oD;rS

ausmif;om;rsm;udk vufckwfwD;BudKqkdvkdufESifh ausmif;0if;wckvkH; ESifhtwl ndKU&ifrSm vSKyf&Sm;aeonfUMum;

rS pmMunfUwkdufa&SUodkU MunfUí &SmazG&onfrSm tarmom;/

__________________________________________

tvsifvkd taES;awGUovkd jzpfaeNyD /

vkdufcsifolrsm;udk ac:&ef bwfpum;iSm;&onfU wm0efyg azaomif;,l&\/ vG,fvG,fESifh

r& aemufqkH;rS [D;Ekd;wpD;&vmí tarmwaum ac:um wifvm&onf/ pdwfxJü tvkyfuwzuf ndK

twGuf tm;em&onfuwzuf / ausmif;0if;xJ jyefa&mufí pmMunfUwkdufa&SUajy;rnfMuHumrS jyóem

uay:aeonf/

]a[Uaumif pifab;rSm vkHjcHKa&;,luG yGJzsufr,fU aumifawG tm;prf;aeNyD} ocsFmrS tzGJU

rsm;ta&;wBuD;owif;ay;í olpkHpr;fMunfU&m ausmif;om;a&;yJvkyfr,f..edKifiHa&;ra[majymeJU[kqkd

um olwkdUwcgrS rjrifbl;olwpku pifudkwufodrf;&efBuHjcif;yif / azaomif;pifeHab;wif;usyfaom vkH

jcHKa&;pnf;rSm vufcsif;csdwfí umuG,fxm;&olawG xJyg0ifae&\/

Akdufu w*DG*GDrnfvmrS xrif;rpm;&ao;rSef; odvmonf/

pifatmuf&Sd xrif;xkyfrsm;rS awGUu&mtxkyfvSrf;qGJí wa,mufuvkdufcGHUa<u;\/

azaomif;wkdUvufwGJrjzKwf um&Hxm;&if; yg;pyfu0g;..rsufpduvsifvsifxm;&onf/ bJOwvkH;ESifh xrif;

av;ig;vkyf0ifoGm;NyD olacgif;&rf;jyvkduf&\/ piftaemufrSm Budwfíjzpfaeaomjyóemudk y&dwfowf

rod&ef zkH;zdvsuf ol&wkdU tzGJUysm,mcwfaeonf/

]MunfUprf; ckeuyJ tmpDo&D; tzGJUawGvmwm igawGUygw,f/ b,frvJudkazaomif; ..

pmMunfUwkdufa&SUudk ra&mufvmbl; } b,favmufaepdrfUvJqkdwm}

t&m&mudk rsufpdoli,fem;oli,fESifhMunfUae&aom ndK rSm rcifat; pum;aMumifh pdrf;

um;jcif; "g;yg;ESifh olr&ifwGif; trTef;cHae&onfU a0'emudk todtrSwfrjyKcsifyJ jyKvkduf&NyDjzpfonf/

]igwkdUvnf; qmvSNyD ..vmwckckoGm;pm;&atmif }

rcifat; ac:&m ndKUrSm OD;xkyfuav;aqmif;í ukyfukyfvkdufcJU&\/ pifay:wGif 'dk;ywfrsm;

wD;í ausmif;olokH;a,mufcefUu oDcsif;rsm;qkdaeonf/ [kwfwdywÅd oDcsif;rwdkuf&bJ qkd&onfrkdU toH

rrSef? ausmif;olrsm;rSmvnf; r&Jw&Jjzpfaeí ndK0kd;w0g;omMum;&aomfvn;f [,f..ae0if;&JU ...[l

aom toHudk twdtusMum;vdkufí ausmcsrf;ovkd jzpfrd\/

___________________________________________________

][kdrSm ndK ....ndK ...rcifat; ...vmvm..'Dudkvm}

pifaemufzuf olrwkdU jzwfavQmufcsdef &SKyfaxG;aeaom ausmif;om;tkyfMum;rS ac:oHaMumifh

vSnfUMunfUMuonf/ azaomif;rS pifaemufzufü tjcm;ausmif;om;rsm;ESifhtwl vlwHwkdif;ozG,f vuf

csif;csdwfum xm;&mrS ..olrwkdUtm; rcsifhr&Jac:aejcif;yif /

Page 49: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

]&SifhqDvmwm r[kwfbl; ? bmrS rpm;&ao;vdkU oGm;pm;rvkdU}

rcifat;jyefatmfNyD; ndKvufudkqGJac:onf/ vSnfUMunfU vSnfUMunfUESifh'&Twf '&TwfygoGm;

aom ndKUrsufvkH;uav;rsm;udk jrifíazaomif; &ifxJ vSKyfcgoGm;aomfvnf; tajctaet& olwwfedKif

wm udkomvkyfvkduf&onf/

]a[U ..a[U 'DrSm xrif;ESpfxkyfavmufay;vkdufyguGm igUnDrav; awmuawmifvmtm;

ay;wm ..bmrS rpm;&ao;vkdUyg}

xrif;xkyfESifh teD;qkH;ausmif;om;u awmif;xJrSm ykHaeaom txkyfeSpfxkyfqGJí b,frSm

vJ[k jyefar;onf/ [kdrSm..[kdrSm ...OD;xkyftjzLav;eJU }[k ar;aigUomjyedKifonf/ vufrjzKwf&J..}

rcifat;u aeygap ...usrwkdU0,fpm;r,f [kxkdausmif;om;tm; ,Of,Ofaus;aus;wkefU

jyefaomfvn;f trwdkUawmuawmifvmtm;ay;wmqkd pm;yg/ trsm;BuD;&Sdygw,f[k twif;ay;onf/

rcifat;wGefUqkwfaekpOfyif azaomif;\ tm;awmifhtm;em rsufvkH;rssm;ESifh &ifqkdifvkduf&

aom ndKrSm vufxJa&mufvmonfU txkwfukd,lvdkuf\/ rcifat;u azaomif;ukd tm;&atmif rsuf

apmif;vufeufjzifh ypfcwfcJUNyD; jyefxGufvmcJUonf/

azaomif;um; reufjzef usaemf rcifat;taqmifukd apmapmvmcJUr,f ndK apmifhaevm

ac:r,f pum;awGvn;f ajym&atmif [kom vSrf;atmfusefcJU\/

____________________________________________

wu,fwrf;usawmU reufjzefqkdwm ra&&maom umvwckomjzpfrSef; ndK tckawmU

em;vnfoGm;NyDjzpfonf/ wnvkH;tdyfr&atmif aeUcif;utm&kHrsm; zdpD;xm;cJUonfukd rjiif;y,fbJ jyefcH

pm;&if; nonfvGefcJUonf/ reufjzefawmU udkazaomif;ESifh pum;at;aq;ajymcGifh&rSm aocsmw,f/ ig

vnf;wckck 0kdif;vkyfay;csifw,fvkdU &atmif ylqm&rSmyJ 'grSigvnf; ausmif;olwa,muftaeeJU wm0ef

ausr,f[k awG;um ukdazaomif;ukd ajym&rnfUpum;rsm;udk pDumywfukH; pOfMunfUaecJUonf/

] udkazaomif;udkav ndK t&rf;pdwfukefaewm odvm; bmrSvnf; ndKUtay:rSm rcifwwf

bl; ndKUudk aeylcHaqmif;wJUOD;xkyf avmufawmif tav;rxm;bl; OD;xkyfudkawmif npfayae&if oefUpif

zdkU owd&csif&r,f ndKUudkawmU awGUwkef;u ajymcsifwmajymvkyfcJUNyD; ndK vkdufvmwmawmif *&kpdkufazmf

r&bl;vkdU ndK pOf;pm;NyD; 0rf;enf;aewm 'gayr,fU udkazaomif;u ndKudkjrifawmU rvmedKifayr,fU ]igU

nDrav; awmuawmif vkdufvmtm;ay;wmuGm xrif;xkyfay;vkdufygvkdU }ajymvkdufwJU rsufESmav; ndK

jrifvkduf&vkdU tm;vkH;t&nfaysmfoGm;a&m[k olr0efcH&efqkH;jzwfxm;onf/

a[majympifjrifheSihf rvSrf;rurf;opfyif&if;wGif xrif;xkyfudk ajzpm;&if; a[majymcsufrsm;

em;axmifvkduf azaomif;xH vSrf;MunfUvkdfuf vkyfaeaom ndK tm; rcifat;u roufrom rsufESmjzifh

MunfUum

]eif'dDvkd xkdifpm;aewm igjrif&wm 0rf;enf;ovkdBuD;}ajymonf/ olrwkdU enf;wl MuHK&m

ae&mxrif;xkyf aNzpm;aeol trsm;BuD;&Sdygvsuf bmaMumifhxkdokdUajymonfrod/ ta0;uvmwJUolawG

udk auR;MuyguGm wkdUu ausmif;cHawG udpör&Sdygbl;[laom ajymoHrsm;jzihf a0iSay;aeonfukdvnf; jrif

ygvsuf }

J

Page 50: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

]igajymcsifwmu eif[m udkazaomif;qDu &wmqkdk bmrqkdeJUauseyfvkdufwmyJ a&mifh&J

vkdufwmyJ igUrsufpdxJrSm eifxrif;pm;aewm[m uav;av;wa,muf t&kdufcH&NyD; rsuf&nfpufvufeJU

pm;aewm MunfU&ovkdyJ igpdwfraumif;bl;}

rcifat;pum;aMumifh ndKU &ifxJ ZGwfESpfxm;&aom t&mwck bGm;ueJay:vmonf/ xkd

t&monf pdrf;um;jcif; BudrfvkH;jzihf ememeufcHxm;&aom oHa,mZOfuav;yif uav;i,f\ rsuf&nfpkd

rsufESm? wkd;wdrfwdrf &SKdufoHyifjzpfonf[kvn;f olrbmom odcJUNyD;om;yifjzpfonf/

ndK bmrS jyefrajymjzpf? olr rBudKufaom ig;wwkH;ESifh [if;&nfusJom ygaomxrif;xkyf

xJrS t&Guftzwfrsm;ukdom 0g;pm;&if;tpmvGefaeonfU jyóukd &Sif;aevkdufonf/

]wu,fawmU oHa,mZOftppfrSm *vJUpm;r&Sdbl;qkdwm igoabmaygufoGm;NyD? tmCmw

r&SdbJ *vJUpm;b,fvkd&SdygUrvJqkdwm igrpOf;pm;cJUbl; ndKa&....}

rcifat;onf 0uFbmwck\ xGufaygufudkjrifí xGufoGm;olwOD;ES,f xkdokdUa&&Gwf\/

ndK um;0uFbmxJ rsufpdvnfaumif;wkef; qdkwm ndKomodygonf/

_________________________________________________

reufvif;í rcifat;udk arQmfaomfvnf; a&mufrvm ndKUzmom oGm;&efvnf; a':av;

wkdUurvTwf&J aejrifhonfESifhtrQ owif;pkHa&mufvmonf/ ausmif;ydwfvkdufNyD? ausmif;om;rsm; tjyifodkU

csDwufukefNyD? ajreDukef;rSm yGJMurf;ukefNyD ponf....

ndKUrSm bk&m;pifa&SU acgif;pkdufí qkawmif;&kHom naerS rcifat; tiSm;um;wpD;jzihf

rsufjyL;qefjyma&mufcsvmNyD;

]a[U ...ndKa& vpfMur,f tajctaeraumif;bl; eifhtdrfa&m igUtdrfyg tBuD;tus,f

pdwfylukefawmUr,f[k ac:awmUonf} ndKarsmfvifhcsuftm;vkH;udk rpGefUcsifyJ pGefUvkduf&NyD/ azaomif;OD;xkyf

av;ukdom tdwfxJodyfxnfUí blwmokdUqif;cJU&onf/ wNrdKUvkH;um; y&Gufqdwfudk rD;ESifhNrdKufvkdufovkd

tkH<u usef&pfcJU\/

_______________________________________________________

&xm;ay:üvnf; 'DtaMumif;udkom vltrsm;vSKyfvSKyf&G&GajymaeMuqJ /ndKvn;f em;axmif

&if; tdwfwGif;rS OD;xkyfudk prf;MunfUum OD;xkyfykdif&SiftwGuf aemufqHwiifiif/ ajreDukef;rSm vkHxdef;rsm;

ESifh wkdufckdufonfUyGJudk toJw,m;,m; Mum;&orQ ndK rcifat;aygifudkxkí ukdazaomif;wkdU ygrSmao

csmw,f[k wkd;wkd;ajym\/ rcifat;rSm 'DwcgawmU rvG,fbl;xifw,ff [kom pdk;&drfruif;wkefUjyef\/ ndK

ikdrJUrJU jzpfaeonf/

]bmrJUaewmvJ rvG,fbl;qdkwm tajctaeawG xdef;zkdU rvG,fwmajymwm ausmif;om;

awGu t&rf;pkrdNyD; t&Sdef&aeNyD? aemufqkwfMuawmUrSm r[kwfbl; }

ndKwkdU tdrfa&SUblwmav;rSm &xm;qkdufonfESifh rcifat;jyeftvmudk arQmfaeMuolrsm;

xJwGif rdom;pkrsm;omru &yfxJ&GmxJrS tawmfrsm;rsm;uyg 0kdif;tkHa&mufaeNyD;tvkt,ufowif;ar;

Page 51: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

Muonf/ twlqif;vmaom ndKtm; awGUí rcifat;ESifh aygif;rdaeNyD[k wGufcsufem;vnfolrsm;u

em;vnfoGm;MuavNyD/

xkdtxJ tkef;odef;vnf; tygt0if/

__________________________________________________________

tar\ pkd;&drfrSK rD;awmufBuD;udk xif;rsm;xyfrxkd;awmUaomfvnf; tyl&Sdefrukefao;yJ

w0kef;0kef;avmifaeqJ/ igUrSm tdyfvkdUawmifr&bl; vGwfwJUvluvnf; vGwfw,f oGm;wJUoluvnf; w

u,fUyGJBuD;rS a&mufatmifoGm;w,f/ igrSm &orQbk&m;&Sdckd;awG ukefNyD[kajymonf/

taz.udkUowif;pkH jrifuGif;pkH olrazmufonfcsNyD; tdyfcef;xJ0ifem;awmUr,f [kqdkum

t&ifqkH;vkyfrdaom tvkyfrSm tdwfxJrS OD;xkyfukdxkwfí aqmif;MunfUNyD; rSefxJjyefMunfUonfU tvkyfyif

jzpfawmUonf/

olr rsufESmtpm; OD;xkyfykdif&Sif\ uHMur®mukd rSefxJjrif&vQif aumif;aypG [k wrf;wrdaomf

vnf; aomuckd;&kdufí ndK;aeaom olr rsufESmukdyif ndKjrif&onfom/

__________________________________________________

iSufypfa,mifaqmifí tkef;odef; ndKwkdUjcHaemuf pnf;&kd;em;uyfacsmif;onf/ a&ujyifwGif

ajccsxkdif&if; ndKUvufxJvSnfUywfMunfUaeonfrSm azaomif;OD;xkyfrSef; tkef;odef;csufcsif;rSwfrdoGm;NyD;

pdwfxJ zsOf;ueJ jzpfum azaomif;ykHudk jyefjrifa,mifvm\/

]'DZmwfvrf;u rNyD;ao;bl;vm;/ &efukefoGm;NyD; rcifat;eJUaygif;NyD; bmawGvkyfcJUvJ? 'D

OD;xkyfu b,fvkd&vmovJ...tkef;odef; woDwwef;BuD;awG;&if; ajcvSrf;jyefa&TU? *RwfueJ opfukdif;ajcmuf

udk eif;csrdonf/

]azaomif; b,frvJ}

_____________________________________________________________

aeapmif;&if azaomif; raewwfbl; [knaewkdif;ol atmfcJUNyD;NyD/ ,ck naevnf; xkd

okdUatmfNyD;rS &ifxJa&mufvmaomtawG;udk pum;vkH;rsm;jzihf zGJUMunfUaerd\/

]oHa,mZOf pum;udk o,foGm;r,fU iSufwaumif

tarT;ta&mifvSyom;?

olUtawmif jzwfcHxm;awmU

ysHvQufroGm;}

vufwqpfcefUom usefaom aq;vdyfwkdukd aumufudkufNyD; rD;aoG;cJjzifh eH&HtuG,fwGif

xkdokdUa&;jcpfvkdufonf/ avmavmq,fawmU tdyfcsdef[k atmfoHMum;vQif ykqkd;NcHKí auG;&kHom/naeu

rsdKcscJUaom xrif;u a&jzihfyGí AkdufxJrSm uRrf;xkd;aeoHMum;&onf/

om;pm;usm;rSef;odygvQuf zufvkH;rdcJUNyD/ ajcuyJ p0g;0g;..acgif;uyJ pudkufukduf rao

f

Page 52: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

rcsif;awmU ravQmUwrf; owfykH&kHom[k ESvkH;ykdufNyD; oHwkdifukd acgif;jyK eH&Hav;bufudk jcifawmifrSwfum

BudKrjrifedKifaom tdrfrufudk qkawmif;jcif;uif;uif;jzihf BudKqkdvkduf\/

rkd;waygufayguf jcifwpDpDjzifh tdrfrufoHpOf ed'gef;csDNyDjzpfonf/

______________________________________

]aps;BuD;ykdif;u cifarmifvwfudk odvm;..olvnf;jyefra&mufawmUbl; olUrdbawGvnf;

oem;ygw,f/ vrf;ay:rSmwif aysmufoGm;wmxufpm&if tkwfeH&HBum; ykHpHxrif;pm;ae&wmrS awmfyg

ao;w,fvkdU yJ qkawmif;&rvkdjzpfaew,f }

rcifat; a&mufvmNyD ay;aomowif;aMumifh ndK aq;rvdrf;bJxm;aomtemudk vuf

jzifhvmzdovkd jzpfvmonf/ azaomif; emrnfudk ndKrac:0HUbJ [kdwa,mufvnf; OD;xkyfav;ay;vkduf

NyD; bmrS rod&awmUbl;aemf[k r0HUr&Jajymrd\/

]awmfprf;yg[,f...olvGwfoGm;vnf; pmav;a&;NyD; pdwfyloufomatmif taMumif;Mum;

zkdU pOf;pm;wwfwmrsdK; r[kwfbl;...iSufaysmfoD; ay:&mrSm aysmfaewJUarsmufvkdyJ}

xkdokdU ar;NyD;rS olUOD;xkyfa&m[k ndKtm;ar;onf/ pdwfaygufaygufESifh "g;jzihf eKwfeKwfpif;

ypfrnfxifí &Sdygw,f bmvkyfrvkdUvJ olUudkxdckdufoGm;ygr,f [kawmif;yef\/

]bmvkyf&rvJ[ igu vlukd yJxk&kdufcsifaewm}

rrat;qE rMumcifwvkH;w0xJ jynfUygap[kom ndK qkawmif;vkduf&onf/

rrat;wkdU 'DvkdyJ aeawmUrSmvm; [k ndK rcsifhr&Jar;onf/ igbmvkyf&rvJ igUowÅdvnf;

eifodom;eJU bJOjyKwftcGHEGmzkdUcGJ&ifawmif vefUaewm [k rcifat; wkefUjyef\/ ndK ajcqif;xkdifae&mrS

Murf;ay:vSJcsvkdufNyD; tvum;yJ[k tvkdruspGm jrnfwrf;aeonf/

]eifb,folUrS avQmufrajymeJUaemf}

rcifat;u r&Jw&JavoHjzifh ed'gef;ysdK;ojzihf ndK acgif;jyefaxmifvmonf/

um;*dwfzufrSm wkdUausmif;om;u tzGJUawG pkpkNyD;awGUaeMuw,f/ igUukdawmifvmac:ao;

w,f/ igodyfxifxifay:ay: rvkyf&Jao;bl; vkdUjiif;xm;vkdU olwkdUtcsdefwef&if xyfvkyfMuOD;rSm aocsmw,f/

ndKUrSm EGm;edKUylav;wcGufaomufvkduf&ovkd tm;&SdoGm;\/ vkyfMuyg? vkyfMuyg? axmif

txJu vlawGudk iJUMuygOD; xGufvmatmif vkyfMuygOD;[k wzGzGwkdufwGef;aeawmUonf/

________________________________________________

]iydpm;vkdUjzpfwmuG vlqDu ul;wmvnf;ygw,f/ [m..iydrpm;vkdU bmoGm;pm;rvJ.ayguf

csifvnf;aygufuGm ayguf&ifukwfr,f zJUr,f} pojzifh 0Ja&m*gonfrsm; wpwprsm;vmNyDjzpfonf/

]azaomif;rSm tawGUtBuHK&ifhaeaom ausmif;om;wa,muf\ pum;aMumifh &ifckefp&m

wck&vm\/ ]wkdUawG rMumawmUygbl;uGm jyef&rSmyg..olwkdUzufu tvSnfUtywfwckck vkyfudkvkyfjy

&r,f /tJ'DrSm wkdUygoGm;rSmyJ 'gayr,fU wkduffyGJrNyD;ao;bl; yGJBuD;yGJaumif;jyefawGU&OD;r,f}[laom pum;

udk auseyfpGmem;axmif&if; &SOfUuav;rsm;ykHukd rD;aoG;jzihf ckd;um a&;qGJaerdonf/

Page 53: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

nf/

]'gbmykHvJuG}

]&SOfUavuGm}

]bmvkyf&rSmvJ csufpm;vkdUvJr&}

][m..igowd&wJU aumifrav;u qHyif&SnfBuD; wzm;zm;eJUuG ?&SOfUeJU &SOfUtNrD;vkdufzuf

ovkd odyfMunfUaumif;w,f}

]'gqkdvnf; tJ'Daumifrav;ykHqGJygawmUvm;..vdk&if;ra&mufbl; }

tazmfu xkdokdU wkdufwGef;onfESifh ndKUykHudk ola&;qGJMunfU\/

udkA[def; ...udkAaqG taMumif;ajymoHMum;vkduf em;axmifvkduf vloHwdwfvQif jyefqGJK

vkdufjzihf &kyfvkH;ay:vmaomf tcef;azmfu þokdU tm;ay;onf/

][kwfygUuGm 'DavmufESmacgif;BuD;cRefaerSawmU b,fvkdvSrSmvJ}

azaomif;jyefzsufum jyifonf/ em;&GufBuD;uvnf; um;vGef;aew,f[k a0zefjyef\/

aemufqkH;wGif yg;pyfeJUyJajymygawmUuGm[k wzufvlu awmif;yef&awmUonf/ azaomif;tustexkdif

í at;uG igUudkolu udkazaomif;vkdUyJac:w,f/ 'gaMumifh igUudk ol&wkdUu azaomif; azaomif; vkdU

ac:wmuG / igUemrnft&if;u bmvkdvkdeJU aysmufaeNyD/

]aeOD;uG ajymcsif&if aq;vdyfwvdyfay;}

]rD;nSdNyD;om; wvdyfudk jyí 'gyJ&Sdw,f[k azaomif;awmif;yef\/

&w,f 'gyJay;[k qkdum ,laomufonf/

'DvkduG olUrsufvkH;av;u a&Munfajrmif;av;vdkyJ..ausmufa&mifpkHav;awG a'gif;ig;av;awG

awmifjrifae&w,f}

]wifpm;csufudk cPxm;OD; oli,fcsif; tpujyefajymprf; ususee}

azaomif;u pajymvdkuf aq;vdyfwzGmavmufjyefawmif;vkdufESifh vkyfaeonf/ rif;vuf

BuD;u 0JawGul;r,f[k xkdolu uefUuGuf rif;qDu ul;wmuG BuD;us,fvkdU [k azaomif;&efawGU&if; aq;

vdyfudk twif;jyefvkonf/

vkyfMuygOD;Asm azaomif;0Jxl usaemfUudk tedKifusifhaew,f[k atmfojzihf 0Jxlazaomif;

[k trsm;u 0kdif;ac:Mu&if; olUrSm *kPfxl;wck tykd&oGm;wmom tzwfwifonf/ ndK taMumif;udk pdwf

wdkif;us ajymcGifhr&vkduf/

_________________________________________

a&'D,kd rS owif;aMumifh ndKxckefNyD; rcifat;tdrfodkU 'kef;pkdif;ajy;onf/

]rrat;...Mum;vkdufvm;..olwkdUtm;vkH;jyefvmMuNyD [kdwa,mufygoGm;&ifvnf; jyef

ygvmrSmyJ } rcifat;u [JUwkd;wkd;[k owday;NyD; tdrfay:qGJac:onf/ vlawGtukefvkH; 'DtaMumif;yJ

ajymaeMuNyD bmawGqufjzpfrvJ rodbl;[k pdwfqEjyif;jypGm rcifat;&Gwfonf/

aemuffwaeU um;*dwfzuf olrwkdUESpfa,muf ra,mifrvnfoGm;MuonfwGif [kdem;wpk

onfem;wpk 0kdif;zGJUvsuf wkd;wkd;wzkH us,fus,fwenf; a0zefaeonfudkom awGU&\/ vbuf&nfqkdif

Page 54: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

qkdifwckxJ rcifat;vSrf;MunfUNyD; b,fvkdvJ[laom t"dyÜg,fjzifh toHwdwfar;vkdufonfESifh vli,fw

a,mufxGufvmonf/ vrf;twlavQmufMu&if; cifarmifvwfjyefa&mufaeNyD[k owif;ay;\/

][dk ..[kd udkazaomif;qkdwma&mawGUcJUovm;}

ndKUtar;udk xkdolem;rvnf rcifat;u azaomif;qkdwm emrnft&if;rS r[kwfbJ b,f

odcsifrS odrSmaygU [kaiguf\/ usaemfwkdUqufvkyf&Sm;Mur,f/ rcifat;wwfedKiforQ 0ifulr,f r[kwf

vm;[k xkdolar;onf/

]udkjrifhaZmfwkdU aemufrSmawmU usr&Sdygw,f a&SUawmU odyfrxGuf&Jbl;}

&ygw,f 'Davmufajym0HU&ifyJ 0r;fomygw,f/ 'DnDru &kHykdifBuD;orD;r[kwfvm; wavm

u q,fwef;atmif w,fqkdwm[k udkjrifhaZmfar;onfwGif ndK acgif;NidrfUjy\/

]nDra&m...ygrSmvm; tpfudkwkdUeJU vufwGJr,f r[kwfvm;}

[kwf...[k ndK acgif;ndrfUjyvkdufonfrSm tcsdefyif rqkdif;/

[kwfNyD usaemfwkdU cifarmifvwfqDu owif;pkH,lNyD; jyefawGUMur,f[k udkdjrifhaZmfcsdef;\/

vQdKU0SufoJzdkxJ udk,fwkdifyg&rnfrdkU ndK &ifwkefaomfvnf; ukdazaomif;eJUawGUay;vkdufcsifvkdufwm[laom

qEu ykdBuD;rm;aeonf/

__________________________________________________

'Dwcg tazay;aom wm0efudk tkef;odef;vkdvm;pGmxr;faqmif&ef uwdjyKvkduf\/ &yfxJ

&GmxJrSm owdxm;MunfU [kdtzGJUawG vSKyf&Sm;wmawGU&if csufcsif;owif;ykdUprf;? qlcsifylcsifwJUaumifawG

udk qkH;r&zkdU igUrSwm0ef&Sdw,f[laom tazUpum;udk tkef;odef;raemacGUvSonf/

tkef;odef;wkdU b,favmuft&ma&mufw,fqkdwm od&rSmaygU ?rcifat;eJUaygif;NyD; tkef;odef;

udk ta&;rvkyfcsifwJUndK b,folawGu ydkpGr;fovJqdkwm od&apUr,f igxifwJUtwkdif; jzpfaevkdUuawmU

ajcovkH;vmzuf&NyDomrSwf[k Budrf;0g;vkdufawmU\/

___________________________________________

tdrfjyefa&mufNyD; &ufykdif;rQ ukyfae&onfudkyif pdwfr&Snfcsif/

[kdu onfu owif;vmar;orQ tarESifhr&DEG,fu pdwfwylyljzifh aMumifhusrqkH;/ ol&ESifh

xGef;oufwkdU tdrfokdUvmcGifh r&í ta0;rS udk,f[efwjyjy/ azaomif;uvn;f jywif;0u jyLwpfwpf/

vlvpfonfESif hawGUMuNyD; tajctaeudk tMurf;zsif; zvS,fMuonf/ qufvkyfMur,fqkd

aom tajzom&\/ xkd&ufxJwGif olwkdUapmifhMunfUaeaom tqkdygzufrS tpnf;a0;wckvkyfum tay:

,Hajymif;vJrSK wckjzihfom ESpfodrfUvkduf\/ vlawGu a0zefrqkH;/ azaomif;wkdU vkdwmr&ao;í tdrfrSm

aevkdUrjzpf tukefxGufí qufwkduf qufwkduf wkdufyGJ0if&efom qkH;jzwfMu\/ pnf;&kH;a&; twGufe,f

ajrcGJMuonf/ azaomif;u ajrykHukd vufaxmufí ig'De,fw0kdufoGm;yg&ap [kqEjyKonf/

tjyeftvSefaqG;aEG;Mu&if; tqkH;owfü [kwfNyD qufoG,f&efemrnf azaomif; e,fajr

...[k ol&u rSwfom;vkdufonf/

Page 55: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

azaomif;&ifrSm tawG;ESifhyif aEG;axG;vm\/

*sLvSdKifrdk;pufrsm;Mum; oltdwfwvkH;qGJí ,kHMunfcsufwck arQmfvifhcsufwck ESifhtwl ajc

vSrf;rsm;oGufaeonf/ aumif;uifwckvkH; ndK aeonfudkyif awmufyaom tNyHK;[k olowfrSwfxm;onf/

tm;vkH;udkvufqGJ eKwfqufí ol aygUaygUyg;yg;xGufvmcJUNyD/

________________________________

um;*dwfzuf oGm;&rSmawmif cyfvefUvefU / olrwkdU roGm;cif tkef;odef;u um;*dwfw0kduf olUw

ynfUtcsdKUjzifh pGefU&Jrsm;0Jovkd 0JaeMuNyD / udkjrifhaZmfESifh cufcufcJcJ qufoG,fNyD; qkHckduftajctaeudk rcifat;

txdwfwvefU&Sif;jy&\/

]udpör&Sdbl; 'DtcsdefrSm 'DvkdaumifrsdK;awG wuf<ujyaewwfwmyJ ..a&Smif&oa&GUa&Smif

aemufqkH;ra&Smifom&if jyefcs&kHyJ}

ukdjrifhaZmfpum;aMumifh rcifat; ykckH;wGefUum aMumufwwfygw,fqkdrS o&JajcmufwJUtdrf

BudD;rSm tdyfckdif;aeNyefygNyD [knnf;wGm;onf/ udkjrifhaZmfu *smuifxJrS av;cGudk vSpfjyí 'gypfwmavmufawmU

usifhxm;zkdUvkdw,f / usm;rra&G; vkdtyf&if cHcs&rSmyJ[kajym\/

rcifat; aMumuf'l;wkefaepOfyif ndKu ndK enf;enf;yg;yg;ypfwwfw,f[k tm;wufoa&m

0ifajymonf/ udkjrifhaZmf NyHK;í ndKUacgif;udk ykwfum usifhxm;[k wkdufwGef;\/ ndK tdrfjyefa&mufonfESifh

rmvumudkif;udk vTjzifhwkdufonf/ tbarmifu bmvkyfwmvJ[k qkdum tem;0ifxkdif\/ ndK trSeftwkdif;

yif 0efcHvkdufonf/ tbarmif NyHK;í ay;ay; usKyfvkyfay;r,f[kqkdum tustexkdifvkyfaeawmU\/

__________________________________________________

a&tkd;pifukd jznfU&ef ykH;qGJí vmckduf? v,form;wa,muf xGefwkH;ESifh ESifwHukdifum cyf

aomufaeonfudk jrifíndK &yfapmifhae&onf/ rdk;wdrfawG ndK aeonfrSm raeUuvkdyif toJtzGJ&Gmcs

OD;rnfU[efyif / &THUpufrsm;ayusefaeaom xkdv,form;\ ajcwGif 0Jrsm;jynfUaeí ndK pdwfysufpGmMunfU

aerd&if; ...aq;av;bmav; vdrf;zdkUawmif tcsdefr&bl; xifw,f[k awG;rdum oem;rdonf/

]om"kygAsm ..om"kyg a':uRJrBuD;&,f }

v,form;\ pum;oHxGufvmonfESihf ndKUvufrS a&ykH;vGwfrusoGm;atmif renf;xdrf;

vkduf&\/ &if0odkU 'def;ueJ t&mwcku aqmifhwufvmNyD; ndK wudk,fvkH;wkef&if; usefcJU\/

]trav;...bm..bm }

ndK atmfoHrqkH;cif 0g;carmufukd armUjyaom azaomif;rsufESmESifh wJUwJUwkd;í ndK ikdrvkd

&,frvkd rsufESmjzifh a&ykH;udk *Grf;ueJ ypfcsum azaomif;&ifbwfudk vufoD;jzihf w'kH;'kH;xkvkdufonf/

azaomif;&,farmvQuf tkef;odef;r&Sdbl;vm;[k ar;\/

um;*dwfbufudk rouFmvkdU pGefvkd0Jaew,f/ jrefjrefvm tdrfudkajy;&atmif[k ndKuref;

uwef;ac:cJU&onf/ a':wifwif tdrf0rSjrifaomf [JU[JU atmfum ...0rf;om0rf;enf;BudKonf/

_____________________________________________

Page 56: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

onf/

ola&csdK;aepOf ndKu rcifat;udk oGm;ac:r,fqdkum vSpfueJ xGufoGm;\/ ndKwa,muf

xJ jyefvmNyD; rcifat; "g;aoG;aew,f udkazaomif;udk ckwfrvkdUwJU[k &,farmrysuf owif;ay;onf/

naeykdif; rcifat;rSm 0Jaq;wAl;ESifh a&mufcsvmNyD; &Sifhukd ckwfcsifaewm trSKjzpfrSmpkd;

vkdU[k Budrf;armif;&if;ndK vufxJ 0Jaq;Al;udk ay;onf/ azaomif;u aq;pkHaeNyD raysmufbl; bmrS

aMumifhMuraeuseJU ukwfavyGm;av[k nnf;wGm;onf/

vufrSmvnf; yGaewmyJ b,fvdkxrif;pm;vJ[k ndK *&kPmoufpGmajym&if; aq;vdrf;ay;

aeonf / udkjrifUaZmfwdkUu &efukefutzGJJYawGeJU odyfqufcsifaewm b,fvdkawGUay;&ifaumif;rvJ[k

rcifat; wD;wdk;ar;\ / tarMum;oGm;vdkU vefUaeOD;r,f wdk;wdk;[k ndKu avoHjzifY owday;onf /

olwdkU acgif;oHk;vHk;qdkif wGwfxdk;aepOf MunfUvkyfaemf MunfUvkyf arsmufoHk;aumifjzpfvmNyD igawmU

abmif;bD0wfxm;&awmUr,f[k a':wifwif jyLMunfU&if; &ifarmoHjzifU a0zef\ /

_________________________________________________________

rcifat; udk,fwdkifvnf; roGm;&J tazmfvnf;rvdkuf0Hh / azaomif;a&;ay;vdkufaompmESifU

rcifat;\ axmufcHcsufudk ndK ,lí &SyftuFsDaumuf0wfum tdwfxJtuste xnfUonf /

]r,frif;BuD;r&,f .. igyg yHkpH iydpm;&awmhr,fxifw,f[k rcifat; rsufpdysufrsufESmysuf

a&&Gwfaeí azaomif; rpcsifawmYbJ rylygeJUAsm .. ndK'Davmufawmh tjzpf&Sdygw,f[kom tm;ay;&\/

reufu tarUudk aps;rS 0,fcdkif;aom ydwfpudk udkifum ndK pufbD;ay:wufí [efrysuf

xGufoGm;cJJUonfrSm bmrSrxl;jcm;onfU[ef / rdef;rtuFsDcsKyfqdkifxJ ndK 0ifítxufqifwyfcsifvdkU[k

ajymum udkjrifUaZmf\nDr rolZmeHab; 0ifxdkifonf/

vlvpfonfESifU tpfr tudk udk ay;ay;yg odw,fr[kwfvm;[k wD;wdk;ajym&if; pmacgufudk

vufxJ xdkk;xnfU\ / rolZmrSm 0ef;usifudk vSpfceJMunfU&if; ? oabmaygufw,f ? odyfr&JeJUOD;[kom

wkefUjyefNyD; tyfcsKyfpufay: ndKUydwfpudk jzefUwifvdkuf\ /

________________________________________________________

waeUvHk; wnvHk; ndKUtdrfrSmatmif;í jzpforQZmwfaMumif;pHkudk cif;&onfrSm

azaomif;twGuf 0Jukwf&onfUt&omyif ? rjrif&aom vSKyf&Sm;rSKrsm;aemuf aumufaumufygaeonf/

ndKonf Murf;ay: acgif;tHk;csí tm;yg;w& avsmif;um ZdrftusqHk;nyJ[k auseyfpGm

awG;aerd\ / ZmwfaMumif;jyefNyD;í OD;cifa&TESifU azaomif; a&SUa&;wdkifyifaecsdefü ndKrSm eHab;wGifyif

acGacGuav; tdyfaysmfaeNyDjzpfonf /

________________________________________________________

reufrdk;rvif;cif rdk;onf;onf;Mum;rSm ndKxí azaomif;udk ESdK;&onf /

udkjrifUaZmfwdkUESifU csdef;qdk&m awm&ausmif;oGm;&mvrf;qHkodkU azaomif; xGufoGm;rS

oufjyif;csum tdyf&modrf;&\ / 'efUovGef&Guf[if;cg; aomufcsifvdkU[k atmfum aeUvnfbufwGif

rcifat; a&mufvmonf / ndKESifUtwl 'efUovGef&Gufcl;Mu&if; 0Jxlazaomif;tm; udkjrifUaZmfwdkUu

v,form;wa,muf\ v,fapmifUwJwGifyif ae&mcsay;vdkufNyDjzpfaMumif; rcifat; owif;ay;\ /

Page 57: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

0Jaq;vdrf;ay;&onfUwm0efudk rpGefUcsifbJ ndK pGefUvdkuf&awmUonf /

]ol xrif;pm;zdkUaum }

ndK\ ylyefcsufudk rcifat; pdwfr&Snf / [m.. [dku vkyfay;&rSmaygU eiftomaeprf;yg/

igwkdU rolZmeJUyJ qufoG,fMu&r,f tJ'gyJ enf;enf;yd&dw,f [kjyefajym\/

&ufykdif;wGif;rSmyif ndK wkdUawmNrdKUuav; vSKyfvSKyf&G&Gjzpfvmonf/

aps;BuD;teD; ukuúdKyifwGif uyfxm;aom vSKHUaqmfydkpwm wcsyfaMumifhyifjzpf\/ tkef;odef;

\zcifrSm igUcGifxJawmU vmrvkyfeJU rsdK;uef;ukefr,f[k Budrf;0g;&if;vlpkpkawGUwkdif; rouFmrsufvkH;rsm;

jzifh jcdrf;ajcmufaeonf/ rMumrDyif olwkdUaumifpD&kH;a&SU ydkpwmwcsyf tcefUom;a&mufvm\/

vlawG0kdif;tkHMunfUaepOfyif tkef;odef;zcifrSm uwkH;ay:'ufaygufonfU rsufESmjzihf atmf

[pfarmif;xkwfNyD; jzKwf,loGm;\/ rcifat;yg;pyfydwfí wcGdcGd&,fonf/ tkef;odef; rausrcsrf;MunfUae

í tdrfxJ0ifNyD; ykae&\/

______________________________________________

ndK...odNyD;a&maygU &Spf&ufaeUpr,f ..udk,fUzufrSm tm;vkH;eD;yg;tqifajyygw,f/ t

a&;BuD;wmu tpDtpOf tao;pdwfcszdkU udk,fwkdUtzGJUawG qkHMur,f/ pnf;a0;zkdUtcsdefeJU ae&mudk udkjrifhaZmf

wdkUa&G;aew,f / ndKeJU rcifat;u rolZmwkdUeJU awGUNyD; qufvkyf&rSmawG &Sdw,f/ tJ'Dus&if odvdrfUr,f/

usrf;rm csrf;omygap ]0Jxlazaomif;}

ndK pmukdzwfNyD;NyD;csif; 0g;pm;vkdufonf/

0g;zwfcarmufudk,fpD &Smxm;MuNyD; a,muFsm;wkdUu ucsifvkHjcnf udk,fpDESifh vnfuwkH;

tjzL&SyftuFsDvn;f toifh /&Spf&ufaeUtwGuf tao;pdwfwkdifyif&efom vkdawmUonf ndKU &ifckefaeaomf

vnf; wuf<ujcif; tjynfU/

_________________________________________

tcef;wHcg;ydwfxm;ygvQuf rcifat;rSm wkHwkHcsdcsd /ndK,lvmaom ydwfpeDukd rolZmujzefU

cif;í ajrjzLjzifh tMurf;jcpfaeonf/ a&T0ga&mif ydwfpjzifh nSyfxm;aom cGyfa'gif;&kyfudk cif;íuyfMunfU

csdef rcifat;xí a&wcGufcyfum wcGyfcGyfaomufae&\/

ndK ESifh rolZmESpfa,mufom wnfwnfjidrfNidrfyif vufcsKyfcsKyfaevkdufonf/

ndKwkdU tdrfaemufzuf v,fuGif;udkom pka0;&efqkH;jzwfMuonf/ rkd;nonf tarSmifxkxJ

a&oHrkd;oH wpdrfUpdrfUjzifh at;jrvQuf/ ndKU&ifxJawmU qlyGufaeonf/

n\ rdk;tarSmif&dyfrSmyif pufbD;wpD; jzwfoGm;wkdif; 'g udkcifarmifvwf 'g udkjrifhaZmfyJ

[k ndK twwfodaeonf/ jcHpnf;&kd;em;uyfí jcHwGif;rS acsmif;ajrmif;MunfUae&onfU t&omrSm wouf

ESifhwukd,f rBuHKpzl; &ifckefxll;ygbd/ rcifat;rSm aMumuf'l;wkef&if; igtdrfa&SUrSm vlvkH;oGm;jyxm;OD;r,f

awmfMum tkef;odef;wkdUom;tz vmMunfUcsifMunfUaerSm [kqkdum blwma&SUzufjyefxGufjyef\/

blwm0if;wGif;vuffqGJrSeftdrfwvkH;eSifh xkdifvQuf idkufjrnf;aeaom tbarmiftm; tkef;odef;

zcifu tapmBuD;&Sdao;w,f idkufaeNyD vm;[kar;NyD; vufESdyf"gwfrD;jzifh [kd[kdonfonfxkd;MunfUaeonf/

Page 58: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

tbarmifu ysif;&djcif; vGr;foHjzihf at;Asm ..rkd;at;at;eJU auG;aezdkUyJ taumif;qkH;[k

wkefUjyef\/

]rtdyfedKifygbl;Asm &yfa&; &Gma&; &Sdao;w,f vSnfUae&rSmyJ [k tkef;odef; zcif toHus,f

us,fajym&if; aemufawmfyg; aumifpD0ifrsm;ESifh t&HrD;owftzGJUtm; OD;aqmif xGufoGm;onf/ t&HrD;

owf0wfpkHESifh vScsifwkdif;vSaeaom tkef;odef;uvnf; zatwlom;yDyD vufEdSyf"gwfrD;wzuf?wkwfwzuf

jzifUrnf;rnf;jrifwdkif;vdkufxdk;um wuf<uaeonfudk rcifat;Munf&if; ndKUudkvufukwfonf/

raMumufygeJU rrat;uvnf; ndK wdkUtdrfa½SUrSmvlvHk;jywmyJ-v,fuGif;zufawmUolwdkU

oGm;zdkUpdwful;&rSm r[kwfygbl;[kndK tm;ay;vdkuf&\/

ndK csufcsif; tdrfaemufaz;jyefqif; jcHawmifUrS acsmif;MunfUae\/udkjrifUaZmfwdkUuif;csxm;

wmvHkygUrvm;-um;vrf;onfzufrSm b,folrSr&Sdzl;xifw,f/[dkzufukef;avQmMum;u vmMunfU&if'ku©

a&mufr,f[k awG;&if;ylyefvm\/

v,fuGufxJ&Sd ukuúdKyifatmufrdk;ntarSmif0,f azaomif;wdkUpkrdMuNyD[k ndK em;vnfvdkuf

onf/zg;&dkufcsifa,mifaqmifí uif;apmifUay;aeaom v,form;om;av;rsm;u rD;tkyfaqmif;av;rsm;

jzifU tcsufjyaeMuonf/vlpHkNyD xl;jcm;rIr½Sd[lonfU oauFw/

ndKonf taEG;xnf xJUxJUxm;aomav;cGESifYavmuf pmvHk;rsm;udkprf;&if; 'gawG

udkazaomif;wdkUudkay;vdkuf&&if taumif;om; olwdkU ygrSygMuygYrvm;[kylrdjyef\/aMu;eef;wdkifzuf

v,fuefoif;wGif udkcifarmifvwf\ nDESifU vli,frsm; cGudk,fpDjzifU ½SdMurnfudk ndK odaomfvnf;?

ukef;avQmMum;ql;jcHKaygonfUae&mrSmvyfaeonfudkawGUíndKUpdwfxJ rodk;roefUjzpfvmjyef\/&xm;vrf;

wavQmufxGufoGm;aom tkef;odef;wdkUtzGJUvnf;b,faysmufoGm;ygvdrfU ndKxdwfueJjzpfum tarSmifxJ

tm;,lMunfUrd\/

pmtkyfqdkifzuf vrf;oG,fodkUcsdK;roGm;wmaocsmonf/'gqdkb,fa&mufoGm;vJ/ndKawG;&if;

&ifwxdwfxdwfckefvm\/tdrfay:jyefwufum MunfUonf/tazESifUrcifat;u a&'D,dkeHab;em;axmif&if;

tm½kHpdkufaeMuovdk taru bk&m;½Spfcdk;aeNyD/vdk&r,f&[kawG;umtazi,fpOfu odkif;upm;onfU

½Srf;abmif;bDudkk ndK,l0wfvdkufí qHyifukduspfuspfpD;NyD; 0g;carmufaqmif;um av;cGudkifvQufjcHaemufaz;

wHcg;ukdtomzGifhxm;í acsmif;aevdkufonf/

MunfUprf;--ukef;avQmtwdkif;0yfNyD; qif;oGm;wmt&HrD;owfawGr[kwfvm;- rdk;zGJzGJatmuf

vQyfpD;vufvdkufpOf vufESdyf"gwfrD;rS ow¬Ka&mifjyefoGm;wm ndKtaotcsmjrifvdkuf&onf/

]olwdkUoGm;0dkif;MuawmUr,fxifw,f/rouFmvdkUvm;-owif;&vdkUvm;-wpfckckyJ igbmvkyf&

rvJ}

olrtawG;rqHk;jzwfEdkifonfxuf ydkMumvQifv,fuGif;pyfrSwqifU azaomif;wdkU½Sd&ma&muf

oGm;awmUrnf/c&mql;jcHKMum;ae&mrdkU uif;vTwfxm;onfUaygUqrIudk ndKrausrcsrf; awG;aepOfyif...

c&mql;jcHKeSifU"g;vG,fckwfusonfU 0g;yHktuG,frS &dyfceJvkyf½Sm;rIwpfckudk ndK jrifvdkuf\ /

jcHKwdk;aeaom tkeff;odef;wdkUtzGJU um;vrf;teD; ra&mufcifyif atmf[pfoH qJqdkoHrsm; xGufvmNyD;

z&dkz&Jjzpfukeffonf / 0g;yHktuG,frS 'vpyfxGufvmaom avmufpmvHk;rsm;Mum; tvl;tvJcHae&jcif;yif

Page 59: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

ql;jcHKwGif;rS v,fuGufqDa&mufatmif ajy;&if; uRHxGufvmaom tkef;odef;udk ndKawGUonf/

bmrSawG;raeawmU/ jcHwcg;zGifUNyD; tarSmif&dyfxJ ajy;oGm;um jcHKykwfaumif;aumif;½Smí0yfuG,fvdkufonf/

tkef;odef;rSm a[UaumifawG .rajy;eJU igwdkUt&HrD;owfawG.. [kom atmf&ao;onf / av;cGwurf;pmu

tkef;rSKwfcGufudkrSefatmifypfEdkifaeNyDjzpfonfU ndKUvufcsufjzifU a*gufueJ ndSKUolBuD;rSefum w0if;0if;xdk;aeaom

vufESdyf"mwfrD;BuD; vGwfusonf /

ukef;avQmwavQmuf qif;vmorQ 0g;yHktuG,frS u,fwif½SifESifU jcHKuG,frS ndKu

ESpfzufnSyfí'vpyfypfonf / xdwma&m rxdwma&m tm;vHk;xda&mufonfyif / udkcifarmifvwf\

nDrsm;zufrS cHypfoHrsm;Mum;&onf / rD;tkyfaqmif;uav;rsm; tvefUwMum; tEÅ&m,ftcsufay;jyMuukefNyD

pnf;a0;rSKNyD;rNyD;awmU ndKrod ? tcsdefrSDumuG,fNyD; vGwf&majy;EdkifMuNyDqdkwmawmU ndK cefUrSef;EdkifcJUonf/

avmufpmvHk;ukefonfESifU tarSmif&dyfxJJpGufueJjyefajy;NyD; AGuftdkifrsm;Mum;rSyif jcHwHcg;½Sd&m

wAGrf;AGrf;½kef;í jyefwufvmcJUonf / [JU ..ndK ..trav; tm;vHk;awmU 'ku©a&mufukefNyDrSwfwm[k

rcifat;jcHwGif;rS wqwfqwfwkefíckefum Budwfatmfae\ /

ndKu tm;yg;w&toHjzifU vGwfoGm;MuNyDaocsmw,f[kajymum tdrfacgif;&if;bufajy;í

jcHpnf;½dk;xJrS acsmif;jyef\ / 0g;yHktuG,frS t&dyfwck okwfueJaygUyg;pGm a&TUajy;vmNyD; zwfueJ zwfueJ

opfyif&dyfrsm;Mum;ckeful;vmonf /

]tdk;..tbarmif...[kwfvdkufav 'grSwdkUtbarmif }

ndKonfuav;wa,mufvdk ckefaygufum jcH0if;tarSmifxJu ypfvdkuf\ / tbarmifum;

vSpfueJa&pnfem;uyfum ajcaq;aeonf / ndK ykqdk;a[mif;wxnf toifUawGUí tbarmif a&mU..

uefawmUyg&JU[k ypfay;vdkuf\ / tbarmifzrf;,l&okwfNyD; blwm½HkxJ½Sd yufvufukvm;xdkifodkU

jyefvpf\ /

r½SKrvS wyfysufíjyefvmMuaomtkef;odef;wdkUom;tzESifUtzGJUblwma&SUodkUrausrcsrf;

qlyGufvQufjyefa&mufvmcsdefüum; oajyyef;jzifUBudKolr&Sd /

yufvufukvm;xdkifay: acGapmif;apmif;ESifU wcl;cl;a[mufaeaom tbarmifom&Sd\/

ndK jyLwif;0rSuG,fum AdkufudkESdyfí &,fcsifpdwfNrdKodyfxm;&onf /

_______________________________________________________

ordkif;0iftvSnfhtajymif;wckwGif ndKwdkUNrdKUuav; tjcm;NrdKUenf;wl *kPfri,fwrf;

0guswaMumif;a&;EdkifcJhNyDjzpfonf / xdk0guswGif ndKwdkUtaejzifU rSifpufuav;wpuftjzpf yg0ifcGifUvnf;

&cJUNyD / 0g;carmufudk,fpDjzifU wufvmolwdkUvufrS a'gif;tvHwvlvlatmuf ndKwa,mufvnf;

vdkufcGifU&cJUNyD /

xdkwnu jzpfpOfwGif azaomif;wdkU pum;rjywfMuao;aomfvnf; ta&;BuD;onfh

nSdEIdif;rINyD;csdefjzpfí atmifjrifcJUonf[kyif qdk&rnf / yGJzsuf½Hkwifru om;aumifudkygzrf;pm;rnfhrkqdk;tzGJUudk

wm;qD;EdkifcJhonfrSm b,folb,f0gjzpfaMumif; ndK rajymcJU / odkUaomf rcifat;u az:aumifvkyfí

ndKESifU tbarmiftm; tm;vHk;u vIdufvSJaompum;wdkUjzifUtodtrSwfjyKay;onf /

[efraqmifEdkifaom ndKu auseyfpGmjyHK;aeoavmuf tbarmifum; olbmrSrodvdkufovdk

Page 60: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

ukyfukyfaejrJ / xdknaemufydkif; 'vMurf;armif;íusm;emcJcJcsifaeaom tkef;odeff;wdkUom;tzESifhtzGJU\&efudk

vGwfatmifa½Smif&if;..tjcm;NrdKUrsm;ESifUcsdeffudkuf olwdkUoydwfwdkufyGJ qifEdkifcJYNyD /

t&yfxJrS vli,frsm; wdkifuDpnfydkif;rsm;vSdrfUí NrdKUv,f pifrSmxkd;onf/ xkdtay:odkU

udkcifarmifvwf udkjrifhaZmfwkdUcefUcefUjim;jim;wuf&yfedKifcsdefwGif ndKrSm y&dwfowfxJrS ykdpwmudkifaNrSmuf

&if; vufckyfoHxufus,favmifaom 0r;fajrmufjcif;\ &ifckefoHrsm;jzifh tmay;cJU&\/ rcifat;rSm yk0g

udk ajrSmufumajrSmufum vlvkH;jyí rqkH;edKif/pifaemufzuf rSm aowÅma[mif;wvkH;ay:xkdifí tcrf;t

em;tpDtpOfrsm;a&;qGJaeaom azaomif;um; rdk;a&aMumifh jyefeK;vmaom 0Jrsm; udkukwfvkduf..a&SUaemuf

pDpOfoifhroifh jyefjyif&if; acgif;udkukwfvkduf/

azaomif;ESifh [kwfwdywfwd pum;ajymcGifh r&aomfvnf; ndK auseyfvsufyif/ ykdufqHay;

0,fygvsuf jymjymovJ 0rf;ajrSmuf0rf;om vlwef;cGifh&vkdufaom aq;qkdif&SifvufrS 0Jaq;Al; ndKvuf

cHí pifeHab; csn;fuyfvmonf/ vltkyfuMum;cHaeí? rrDrurf;jzihf 'DrSm 'DrSm [k ndKvSrf;ac:onf/

azaomif;uvSnfUMunfUNyD; tvkyf&SKyf&wJUtxJ bmvJ[laom tMunfUjzihf jyefar;\/

ndK w&if;wESD; NyHK;jy&if; aq;Al;ukd ajrSmufjyonf/

azaomif;eHab;wGif bkef;awmfBuD;wyg;ESifh &yfrd&yfztcsdKU0kdif;tkHae\/ azaomif; ndKjy

aeonfudk rjrifovkdvkyfNyD; ..tJ t&Sifbk&m;u t&ifa[mygbk&m; ..NyD;awmU a&SUaeBuD;tvSnfUyg/

a[majymyGJNyD;&ifawmU oydwfpcef;zGifhrnfU ae&mtwGuf &yfrd&yfzawGeJU t&Sifbk&m;wkdUyJ a&G;ay;Muyg/

udkjrifhaZmfwkdU qEeSifhfvnf; nSdMuygbk&m; pojzihf pDpOfcsrSwfae\/

olrjrifbl;xifí ndKu 'DrSm aq;Al;av..ydkqkd;ukefr,f [katmfum xyfjyonf/

azaomif;bkMunfUMunfUí bmvJ usKyfudk vlykHtv,frSm t&SufcGJw,f usKyfrSm 0JawG&Sdwm

vmaMujimwmaygU[kwfvm;..[kcyfwnfwnfjyefa[muf\/ ndK aMumiftrf;trf; jzpfNyD;rS &Suf&GHU0r;fen;f

pGm jyefvSnfUonf/

]a[U a[U 'DrSm ...ay;cJU?bmxl;awmUrSmvJ vlodukefNyD/ rif;&JU0Jaq;aMumfjimcsifwmeJU

igUudkvlodukefNyD}

xkdokdUazaomif; ajymonfwGif pifaemufzuf&Sd tzGJUom;rsm; wcGDcGd&,fMu\/ ndKum; &Suf&SufeJU

aq;Al;udk eD;&mvlvufxJ xnfUNyD; jyefajy;cJU&\/

rcifat;onf olreHab; jyefvmxkdifaom ndKtm; qGJqdwfí eifuvnf; [kwfom;yJ vl

vnfacgifBuD; [kqkdum Al;av;&m z&kHqifhvkdufonf/ ndKrSm aemifw&&rSmvm; ..0rf;enf;&rSmvm; ra0cGJwwf/

jyefqef;ppf&if; ESpfckvkH;cHpm;ae&NyD qdkonfudk &ifxJrSm usifueJ cHpm;vkduf&í oabmayguf

vkduf\/

tcr;ftem;NyD;umeD;wGif tck &efukefuvmNyD; 'DrSm pnf;&kH;qufoG,fvufwGJ&if; 'Dta&;

awmfykH qifEGJaewJU ausmif;om; udkazaomif;u pum;ajymygvdrfUr,f[k tcrf;tem;rl;u aMujimvkduf

\/ azaomif;tHUtm;oifhonfudk udkjrifhaZmfESifh udkcifarmifvwfwkdU &,farmí wufwuf ..tvSJUusr

EGJU&bl;? usaemfwkdUcsnf; rkdufcdkif;vkdU b,f&rwkef;Asm [k wkdufwGef;um pifay:wif\/

azaomif; r&G,fyJ pifay:a&mufvm&\/

usaemfUemrnf 0Jxlazaomif;yg[k rdwffffqufonfu pí y&dwfowfyGifhvif;pGm &,fvkduf

Page 61: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

Muonf/azaomif;rSm oleSifhwuG axmifxJa&mufcJUol tm;vkH;vkdvkd 0Jrsm;aygufcJUaMumif; 'DNrdKUav;ukd

ol,cifu a&mufzl;aMumif; tpjyefcsDNyD; ajymjyonf/ y&dwfowf pdwf0ifwpm;&ifckefvsuf em;axmifae

Mu\/ axmifwGif;rS tawGUBuHKrsm;yg a&maESmajymjyNyD; þokdUpum;udk ed*kH;csKyfonf/

]tJ'Du xGufNyD;&vmwJU 0Ja&m*gudk 'DNrdKUav;a&mufwmeJU 'DuarmifESr&if;csm MuifemrSK

awGeJU ukoay;&if; aysmufvkeD;eD;&SdaecJUwm /usaemfwdkUtm;vkH; rkd;a&xJjyefxGufNyD; csDwufcsdef a&mufvm

awmU 0Jajcmufa&eK;jzpfoGm;ygw,f/ 'gayr,fU 'gaumif;ygw,f / 0JujyefpdkvmawmU 'DNrdKUav;u &Jabmf

rsm; ? rdom;pkrsm;&JU MuifemrSKudk jyef&w,fav/ vGwfajrmufa&; ta&;awmfykHawG orkdif;rSm toufaysmuf

olaysmuf b0eJU&if;ol&if;cJUMuwm usaemf 0JaygufwmavmufawmU ZmzGJUp&mvnf; r[kwfygbl; / usaemf

t"duajymcsifwmu usaemf'DNrdKUuav;udk wm0ef,lNyD; a&mufvmuwnf;u 0kdif;0ef;NyD;zGufay;Mu? ae

a&; pm;a&; usef;rma&;utp jyKpkay;NyD; aEG;aEG;axG;axG; vufwGJcJUMuwJU e,fole,fom; &JabmfarmifES

r tm;vkH;ukd aus;Zl;w&m;eJU ,SOfNyD; tNrJ trSwf&aeygUr,f/ atmifyGJcHonftxd opömrysufwrf; wkduf

yGJ0ifoGm;ygr,fvkdU 0Jajcmufa&jyefeK;vkdU MunfeK;p&m &vmwJU &Jabmf&Jbufpdwf rdom;pk&JU aEG;axG;rSKawG

eJU twl tm;opfcGefopf tjynfUeJU usaemfaysmfaysmfBuD; uwdjyK&Jygw,f cifAsm;..}

y&dwfowfu a[;ueJ [m;ueJ Mobmay;vkduf MupOf azaomif;pifay:rS csufcsif;rqif;

ao;bJ ndKtm; aocsm&,fjyí MunfMunfeK;eK;vufjyeKwfqufoGm;avonf/ rcifat;um; rausreyf

jzihf igu olwu,f a'guefoGm;w,f rSwfvkdU MunfUprf;&kyfudku av;cGeJUypfcsifp&m[ka0zef\/

0rf;enf;p&mwckukd olr&ifxJ ta&mufydkUNyD;rS MunfeK;p&mtjzpf csufcsif;jyefzeffffffqif;jyoGm;

aom azaomif;tm; ndK wu,fyif avmufpmvkH; wxkyfvkH; ukefatmif cGESifhypfvkdufcsifvSonf/

___________________________________________

&efukefukd tpnf;ta0;wufzkdU oGm;Mur,fqkdaomf ndK vkdufcsifw,f[k ajymcsifvSonfU

qEudk azaomif;tvkdufwodjznfUpGufay;eKd;edK; tem;rSm&pfoD &pfoD vkyfjycJUaomfvnf; azaomif;ac:

,lonfU vlpm&if;ü ndKryg/ jyefvmOD;rSmyg[laom tNyHK;pum;jzihf jcdrfUjcdrfUoJ eKwfqufoHrsm;Mum; xGuf

oGm;onfU &xm;udk vkdufykdUolrsm;tMum; ndK wa,muf blwma&SUrSmyif vufjy usefcJU&onf/

tcsdefwkdU vQifjrefpGm ukefoGm;ovkd bDvl;qkdif;ESifh bDvl;xGufvmonfU ZmwfuGufodkUa&muf\/

acsmwkdifxdyfzsm;atmifvHukd vufjzihfxdNyD;umrS a0gueJJ jyefusvmovkd tm;vkH;cHpm;&\/

rcifat;u rvG,fbl; a[U tjywftowfjyefMurf;awmUrSm awmf&ma&SmifMu&if oufomr,f[k owÅd

jyonf/

tm;vkH;arQmfaeaom azaomif;ESifh tzGJUarmyrf;wBuD;jyefa&mufcsvm\/ udkcifarmifvwf

udkjrifhaZmf wkdUESifh acgif;csif;&kdufaeMujyefNyD/ tkef;odef;wkdUom;tzum; wkdUacwfjyefa&mufNyD[k vuf&kH;qefU

wef;aeMuNyD/ waeUwGif;yif pnf;a0;rSKNyD;atmif vufpoyf&if; oydwfpcef;rsm; &kyfodrff;olodrf;Muonf/

igwkdU arQmfvifhcsufawGudk zsufqD;vkduf&wmyJ[k rsuf&nfusol usonf/

,kHMunfcsufawmU ysufroGm;bl; [kudkjrifhaZmfwkdUu ESpfodrfU&if; vlpkcGJMurnfU tpDtpOf

Page 62: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

udk rSwfcsufMuonf/ rkd;um;oJqJ/ avuxefqJ/

____________________________________

um,uH&SifawGawmU b,fokdU&Sdrnfrod/ rcifat;tjrifawmU 'gonfyif Zmwffodrf;crf;

[kjrifonf/ ra&&maom aemufqufwGJudk olr ,kHMunfarQmfvifh&efcufcJvS\/

ndK ESifh azaomif;wkdUaemufqkH;eKwfqufMu&efawm&ausmif;uav;twGif;yif csdef;csuf&m

rcifat; vkdufydkUcJUonf/ xkdESpfa,mufxkdifaeMu a&Munfajrmif;eHab;wGif yifnddK pdwfav;vHpGmxkdifvkduf

&onf/

olrudk,fwkdifcsKyfay;cJUaom tvHrSm azaomif;vG,ftdwfxJ acgufodrf;cJU&NyD jzpfovkd olrESifh

azaomif;wkdUtMum; qufqHrSKtm;vkH;vn;f acgufí &ifxJodrf;qnf;&awmUrnf/

rdk;a&aMumifh a&Munfajrmif;uav; tcgwkdif;vkd rMunfvif/ wazsmufazsmufusaeonfU

rdk;aygufrsm;atmuf *,ufrjywfxvsuf/

rkd;a&aiGUESifhpdkpGwfaeaom wkdufykHtifusDu azaomif;udk,fay:rSmavwkd;wkdif; wzwfzwf

vSKyfaeonf/ ndK ...[k tufuGJoHjzihf ac:\/ ndK eKwfjzihfrxl; armUumomMunfUonf/ ndKUrsufvkH;

rsm; a&Munfajrmif;av; vuf&Sdtaetxm;vkdyif vSKyfygvsuf rMunfvifedKif/

]wcgawmU a0;vkdufMu&atmif ndKa&}

olxkdokdUajymNyD; rNyHK;csifbJNyHK;onf/ NrdKifxtuawGrSm rif;om;BuD;u uvkduf&atmif ESpf

ra&vkdUac:ovkd rac:edKifbl;r[kwfvm;/ 'DvkdyJ ajymMuygpkdU ndK&,f[k ola&&Gwfaeonf/

]tck bmqufvkyfMurSmvJ ndKUudk rajymedKifbl;vm;}

]ndK rvkdufedKifrSef;odvkdU udk,frac:bl;/ udk,fUtwGufu vrf;eSpfoG,f&Sdw,f/ &nf&G,fwm

awmUwlayr,fU ESpfae&mcGJ tvkyfvkyf&r,f/ awmxJoGm;&rvm; NrdKUrSmyJ qufvSKyf&Sm;&rvm;..'gudk

udk,fwkdU qufwkdifyifNyD; tjrefqkH; taumiftxnfazmf&rSmyJ }

ndKU [if;ueJ oufjyif;csNyD; ESpfckvkH;tEÅ&m,f &Sdw,faemf [k rSwfcsufcsonf/

olacgif;ndrfUí oHa,mZOf qkdwm cPavmufcGmcsxm;vkdU&&ifaumif;r,f/ r&awmUvnf;

wkdUwawG arUcsifa,mifaqmifaeMu&kHyJndK ?wcgwavrSm oHa,mZOf[m owÅ0gawGtwGuf cHpm;csifp

&mtaumif;qkH;? axG;ayGUrSKjzpfayr,fU vkdtyfwJUtcgrSm pGefU&J&vdrfUr,f/ ndK[m udk,fUtwGufzdeyfw&H

vkdyJ tepfemcHNyD; jznfUqnf;ay;cJUw,f/ 'gawGudk tav;tjrwfodrSwfygw,f/ 'gayr,fU a&epfvkdU ul;

Mu&NyDqdk&if zdeyfudk pGefU&wmyJndK }

[kwfygw,f[kajzaom ndK toHrSm rdk;aygufusaom a&ajrmif;rsufESmjyifvkd vSKyfcgvsuf}

]aemufwcg jyefqkH&ifawmU udk,f[m ukd,fwefzkd;xm;wJU oHa,mZOfwckudk zdeyfvkd pD;awmU

rSm r[kwfbl;? &ifxkd;vkd csdwfqGJxm;awmUrSmyg }

rdk;pufrsm; opf&Gufay:rS waygufaygufusae&mrS zGJueJ &GmcsvmonfrdkU t&Gufrsm;ay:

rS pD;oGefusvmMuonf/ ESpfOD;pvkH; tumtuG,ftaqmif;rJU rvSKyf&Sm;csifMu/

ndKUudk owd&aervm; [k olr r&Jw&Jar;onf/

Page 63: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

]udkf,fb,fvkdajz&rvJ...ukd,fUtvkyfawGxJ udk,fjrKyfESHxm;yg&ap t&mtm;vkH;udk ndK

em;vnfrSmyg/ udk,fbmrS rwkdufwGef;yg&apeJU }

'DwBudrfrGef;usyfrSKudk ndK oufNyif;wkd;wkd;omcsonf/

]&SOfUuav;awGvnf; ykef;aeMuNyD oydwfvG,fuav;awGvnf; rkd;vGwf&ma&SmifaeNyD? a&

Munfajrmif;av;vnf; aemufusdaeNyD udk,fwkdUcGJMuygpkdU }

olx&yf&m ndKvkdufryg..onftwkdif;yif xkdifaeonf/ a0;uGmjcif;umv\ twkdt&Snf

udk b,ftMum;tjrif& yk*¾dKvfu vmajymeKdifygUrvJ/ yuwd yef;wyGifhvef;qef;csdefukd cHpm;cJUNyD;rS EGr;fcsdef

udk jiif;y,fí r&rSef; ndKem;vnfvmonf/

'DvkkdygyJ ndKrkef;wJUt&mawG[m ndKxHukd cspfp&maumif;wJU trlt,meJUa&mufvmNyD; ndK

vdyfjymvefUatmif ajcmufNyD; avSmifajymifwm ndKcH&pNrJyg/ aqmif;tdrfrufxufaMumufp&maumif;wJU

Mur®m&kdif;ukd ndK &ifqkdifzdkU bmrSvJ tumtuG,f rjrifygbl;

olpmemaom rsuf0ef;jzifhom ndKtm;ikHUMunfUonf/

a&repfbJ ul;&awmUr,f ndKa&...tEGHtwmcHcJUwJU zdeyfudk pGefYyg&apawmU[k olawmif;

yefonf/ ndK acgif;ikHUvsufrS pyfpkcsifwJUarsmufwaumif 'ku©qkdwmudk t"dyÜg,fzGifhvkdU&oGm;ygNyD pum;vkH;

eJU awmUjyefajymrwwfygbl;[k a&&Gwfae\/

olajcvSrf;jyifNyD;umrS ndK [kac:jyef\/

ndK armUMunfUonf/ rkd;pufrsm;olrrsufESmay:pdkvQuf/

ukd,fUudk wckckajymedKifrvm; ..waeUaeUwcsdefcsdef qkdwmrsdK; udk,fwkdUESpfa,muftwGuf

r&SdedKifawmUbl;vm;}

ndK oufjyif;ukd yGifhyGifhvif;vif; csvkdufonf/ NyD;aemuf tarSmifxJrSm xGufaygufudk prf;

aeaom vufacsmif;rsm;ESifhwlaom rsuf0ef;jzifhMunfUum..

ndK Utazu rMumcif blwmajymif;&awmUr,f 'DvkdyJ ajymif;ae&wmyg..udkazaomif;

waeUaeUjyefvm&if awmblwmav;awGrSm a&tkd;pif&Sdovm; &SmMunfUaygU ndK &SdwJUae&mrSmawmU wnf

xm;ygr,f?

ol..acgif;jidwfonf/

'DavmufeJUyJ auseyfygNyD ndK &,f wkdUwaeUaeUawGUatmif&SmNyD; aomufOD;rSmyg aomufcGifh

&ygapvkdU qkawmif;ygw,f / uJ udk,foGm;NyD

olvSnfUrMunfUrd&ef pdwfwif;vQuf ?ajcvSrf;MuJjzihf cGmcJUonf/

ndKum; *,ufxaeaom a&ajrmif;eHab;rkd;a&xJ rvSKyfr,Suf/

rcifat;u ta0;rS MunfUaeonf/

__________________________________________-

]a&aomufcsifw,farar}

om;u ylpmí rcifat; aomufa&oefUAl;zGifhay;vkduf&\/ ckwfarmif;aeaom tjref&xm;

Page 64: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)

ay:rS vrf;ab;jrifuGif;rsm;zuf olrvSnfUai;aerdonf/ tjref&xm;rkdU Mum;blwmrsm;udk r&yfem;bJ

ausmfjzwfcJUaomfvnf; a&tkd;pif&Sdaervm;[k &SmazGrdaeqJ/

ndKwkdU blwmajymif;oGm;NyD; rcifat;wGifyif tdrfaxmifonftjzpf om;ESpfa,mufrdcifjzpf

cJUNyD/

nae aejcnfwGif touf0ifaeaom awmblwmwckckwGif a&csrf;pifwnfum &Sdaumif;

&SdOD;rnf/ xkdteD;wGif wpkHw&mudk pdwftm;jyif;ys arQmfaeaom rdef;uav;wOD;&SdcsifvJ&SdOD;rnf/

rcifat; &xm;pD;c&D;BuHKwkdif;&SmazGMunfUaerdqJ/

wu,fawmU &SmazGaeolrSm azaomif;udk,fwkdifjzpfoifhonf[k rcifat;xifonf/

azaomif;udk,fwkdif&SmedKifonfU tcsdefb,fcga&mufedKifygU/ xkdtcsdefa&mufcJUaomf a&csrf;

pifESifh twl &SOfUtNrD;ESifh wlaom qHyifydkif&Sif rdef;uav;u wrf;wrf;ww BudKaeedKifygUrvm;/

rcifat; pdwfarmvlarm xkdifckHudk rDxkdifvkdufonf/ tjref&xm;uawmU awmblwmav;

rsm;pGmudk tdaNErysuf jzwfarmif;oGm;vsuf / /

rif;udkedKifrif;udkedKifrif;udkedKifrif;udkedKifrif;udkedKif

Page 65: ေနာက္ၾကည့္မွန္(မင္းကုိႏုိင္)