Modern History

From 1840, Britain forced China to allow free trade, particularly in opium, and started the Opium War when Qing Dynasty refused.

China was then attacked by many western countries, especially Britain and France. In 1860, the Qing Emperor had to leave Beijing, and the British and French armies burned the famous Yuanming Garden.

In the following years, China was forced by westerners to sign many unequal treaties and give them huge amount of money, land, cultural relics, ect.

Right before Cixi died, she made Emperor Guangxu’s nephew Puyi the new emperor, who was only 3. (“快完了 !”)

Qing Dynasty was overthrown by Sun Zhongshan, the founder of the Nationalist Party.

Puyi was used by Japanese and made the new emperor of Manchuria.

The Last Emperor of Qing

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4lpL-6u9uoM (林则徐 )