5 soil introduction

7/17/2019 5 SOIL Introduction

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Record the apparent depositional history at a location and

post-depositional development processes.

Soil covers much of the Earth's land surface area, and it iscomprised of minerals, air, water, and organic matter (living

organisms and the remains of plants and animals).

General definition of soil

The unconsolidated mineral and organic matter on thesurface of the earth.


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It is the key to the history of landscapes.

Erosion or sediment deposition changes landscape faster

than Soils mature as their properties are slowly through time.

Mature soil only cover stable landscape that neither erode

nor accumulate sediments.

Chemical and physical weathering convert pre existing

materials into soil.

Valuable minerals?

Geochemical Exploration?


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:

is a natural, 3D body withdefinable boundaries that

occurs on the land surface

composed of solids (mineral

and organic), liquids (water),and gases.

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The soil body begins where the atmosphere meets the soil

surface and ends when bedrock or unweathered parentmaterial is encountered.

In order to study soil, scientists examine the soil pedon. A

pedon is the smallest unit that can be called a soil.

A pedon is a three-dimensional sample that extends from thesoil surface to the deepest roots or genetic soil horizons.


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Parent Material (Rock Type),

Climate,

Topography/Relief,

Organisms (Plants/Animals),

And Time

5 soil introduction

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