Completion Report

Project Number: 45282-001 Technical Assistance Number: 7997 June 2020

Strengthening Knowledge-Driven Development in

South Asia

This document is being disclosed to the public in accordance with ADB’s Access to Information Policy.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE COMPLETION REPORT

TA Number, Country, and Name: TA 7997-REG: Strengthening Knowledge-Driven Development in South Asia

Amount Approved: TASF: $1,500,000

Revised Amount: $3,614,527 TASF: $3,143,206 RCIF: $471,321

Executing Agency: Asian Development Bank

Source of Funding: Technical Assistance Special Fund (TASF) Regional Cooperation and Integration Fund (RCIF)

Amount Undisbursed: TASF: $0 RCIF: $0 TOTAL: $0

Amount Used: TASF: $3,143,206 RCIF: $471,321 TOTAL: $3,614,527

TA Approval Date: 14 December 2011

TA Signing Date: 14 December 2011

TA Completion Date

Original Date: 31 December 2014

Latest Revised Date: 31 December 2019

Financial Closing Date: 1 June 2020

Number of Extensions: 3

TA Type: Capacity development TA

Nature of Activity: Capacity development

TA Arrangement: Regional TA

Description

The regional technical assistance (TA) aimed to respond to the need for robust knowledge management (KM) in DMCs in South Asia. This included supporting the DMCs for greater application and sharing of knowledge to enhance the effectiveness of their development operations. The TA was in line with Strategy 2020,1 the Asian Development Bank’s (ADB) KM Framework of 2004,2 and South Asia Regional Cooperation Strategy 2011–20153 which rationalized the value of knowledge in reinforcing development effectiveness. The TA, which is the first knowledge management TA of the South Asia Department (SARD), aimed to provide funding to small-scale knowledge-based activities to supplement financing to transform knowledge from ADB operations into knowledge products as well as to respond quickly to government requests for operationally relevant knowledge. Previous internal reviews of program and project to find out why development efforts were not as effective as expected pointed to (i) lack of capacity of officials from developing member countries (DMC) and project staff to better manage programs and projects, and (ii) the poor quality at entry due to lack of proper assessment on the ground and use of previous lessons, inadequate technical analysis, and detailed sector analysis relative to program and project design. Both issues have deep implications for knowledge management. The TA was prepared in view of these issues and inadequacies.

Expected Impact, Outcome, and Outputs

The envisioned overall impact of the TA was more relevant and sustainable development in the SARD DMCs.4 The intended outcome was better informed development policies and strategies in SARD DMCs. The TA capitalized on the demand for specific knowledge products and services, and supported operations-based knowledge creation in the SARD DMCs, utilizing research work carried out by SARD staff who process programs and projects and building upon existing knowledge partnerships to generate extensive knowledge sharing among the SARD DMCs and ADB staff. Outputs expected from the TA and relevant activities, included the following: Output 1: Knowledge products which aimed to provide in-depth, relevant, and timely assessments, policy proposals, and recommendations so that the DMCs can address immediate and long-term development issues; Output 2: Knowledge events within SARD and in the DMCs, which aimed to help generate, share, and apply knowledge; and Output 3: Regional knowledge partnerships activities that were envisioned to generate and disseminate knowledge to the SARD DMCs.

1 Asian Development Bank (ADB). 2008. Strategy 2020: The Long-Term Strategic Framework of the Asian

Development Bank, 2008–2020. Manila. www.adb.org/strategy2020/. 2 ADB. 2004. Knowledge Management in ADB. June. https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/institutional-

document/32041/knowledge-management.pdf. 3 ADB. 2011. South Asia Regional Cooperation Strategy, 2011–2015. November.

https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/institutional-document/33266/files/rcs-southasia-2011-2015-0.pdf. 4 The concepts of “relevance” and “sustainable” are drawn from the analytical framework used by, among others, the

Independent Evaluation Department. Cases where ADB interventions are assessed as relevant and sustainable always include strong evidence of rigorous due diligence and great awareness of the development situation. Both of these are intrinsically tied to the application of knowledge management in ADB work.

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Implementation Arrangements

ADB was the executing agency for the TA. The Regional Cooperation and Operations Coordination Division (SARC) in the SARD, the implementing agency, coordinated closely with the participating SARD Resident Missions (RMs) and sector divisions, and other departments in ADB (such as the Independent Evaluation Department and the Sustainable Development and Climate Change Department). A project steering committee (PSC) was established and chaired by the SARC Director. The PSC members were the designated knowledge focal points in the sector divisions and RMs in SARD. Under the TA, funding was provided to (i) subprojects identified by management (21 out of total 80) and, (ii) subproject proposals submitted by SARD sector divisions and RMs to the PSC subject to its review and funding approval (59 out of total 80). The PSC met at least four times a year to monitor the TA implementation progress and status of funding, discuss and approve proposed subprojects, and report on possible knowledge activities based on consultations with governments. The TA-KM Secretariat, composed of the SARC TA Supervising Unit (TASU) Officer, staff, and consultants prepared quarterly reports and PSC meeting highlights which were disseminated to the PSC for information. Templates for proposals and activity completion reports were prepared by TASU to facilitate PSC review of subprojects and assessment of final outputs by the KM-TA Secretariat. As demand from the DMCs for more knowledge products and events continued to increase, SARC sought approval for (i) an increase in TA amount; (ii) extension of TA completion date along with (iii) minor changes in implementation arrangements (i.e., budget line item reallocation, realignment of consultancy months, updating of consultancy Terms of References, use of Advance Payment Facility, identification of additional KM activities and corresponding updates in the design and monitoring framework [DMF]). Additional funding request of $100,000 TASF was approved on 7 December 2012; $1,400,000 TASF approved on 16 November 2015; and $400,000 TASF and $500,000 RCIF approved on 26 July 2017 increased the total TA amount from $1.5 million to $3.9 million ($3.4 million TASF and $500,000 RCIF). The increase in TA amount and submission of new subprojects necessitated the extension of TA completion thrice: from 31 December 2014 to 31 December 2015 (approved on 7 November 2014), to 31 December 2017 (approved on 16 November 2015), and finally to 31 December 2019 (approved on 26 July 2017). Whenever additional funding was requested, the DMF was also updated to reflect the increase in target outputs. Consultants were recruited following the Guidelines on the use of Consultants by ADB. Individual consultants (total of 70), consultant firms (3), and resource persons (27) of various expertise were engaged to implement subprojects and delivered various knowledge-based outputs in over 317 person-months from 2012 to 2019. The consultants delivered satisfactory performance, with few providing excellent work. The quarterly reports monitored the status of fund utilization and implementation status of subprojects. Contract closure for completed subprojects were requested from Controllers and PSC members were informed of any savings that were reallocated for new subprojects. The TA utilized 93.4 % of the overall TA funds ($3,900,000) at the time of TA completion. By fund source, the TA utilized 93.3 % of TASF amount ($3,400,000) and 94.3% of RCIF amount ($500,000). Following the internal requirement to utilize and consolidate surplus amounts from existing TAs to fund support to address COVID-19, the surplus amount from TA 7997 was cancelled before the TA financial closing, and the new and final TA amount upon closure became $3,614,527 (Appendix 2).

Conduct of Activities

The TA exceeded the performance indicator targets in the DMF for all three outputs. The TA was designed to fill in knowledge gaps by providing quick-disbursing funding to knowledge products, knowledge events, and regional partnerships. While the TA did not have major core activities and outputs, the numerous subprojects and knowledge-based activities funded by the TA resulted in various outputs that fall under the output categories. Output 1: Knowledge products. Knowledge products supported by the TA include 33 consultant research reports on subjects of topical interest; 15 books published; 31 working papers published; 21 reports published; four proceedings of conferences and workshops; three program and policy evaluation compendiums; 16 videos and other types of knowledge products including seminar presentation materials, blogs, and photo essays. Knowledge products published by ADB were uploaded in the ADB website. The knowledge products covered various thematic and sector areas—knowledge products on agriculture and agriculture value chain as well as on environment and aquatic resources covered India and Nepal. Key topics on finance, auditing, governance, public management program, tax reform, capital market development, and project completion risk guarantee were prepared for Bangladesh, India, Maldives, and Nepal. Customs, railways, economic corridor development, economic impact of connectivity, and blockchain for trade facilitation were studied for Bangladesh, India, Maldives, and Nepal. For Nepal, the impact of dams on aquatic species as well as water and sanitation were highlighted. Knowledge products on energy and solar ice solution were prepared for Bangladesh and Maldives. For Bangladesh, Maldives, and Sri Lanka, labor market, skills and employment, and

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small and medium enterprises were the topics of several knowledge products. Social development topics covering information and communication technology (ICT) skills, health, education, human capital development, social mobilization, involuntary resettlement, and sustainable cities were discussed in the knowledge products for all countries in South Asia. ADB’s partnership with Bhutan and Maldives highlighted ADB’s long-term development support and highlighted key initiatives in these countries. The value of regional initiatives in South Asia were presented in knowledge products that reviewed gender and poverty, urban development and climate change, food security, leather industries, involuntary resettlement as a development opportunity, trade and foreign direct investment, South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation (SASEC) trade and economic corridors, and the Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) master plan. The TA contributed to knowledge creation process—major outputs include books such as Borders without Barriers: Facilitating Trade in SASEC Countries (under subproject RCI 8); Gearing up for Competitiveness: The Role of Planning, Finance, and Governance in Small and Medium-Sized Towns in South Asia (subproject NP7); Three Decades of Development Partnership: Royal Government of Bhutan and Asian Development Bank (subproject 10); and An Enduring Partnership: Maldives and the Asian Development Bank (under subproject 22). Another type of knowledge products created are those categorized as strategy papers such as the Master Plan for Transport Connectivity in the BIMSTEC Region (subproject RCI 6) and SASEC Vision: Powering Asia in the 21st Century (subproject NP 14). As knowledge management has been mainstreamed in SARD operations, knowledge to create ADB business have been prioritized. Economic corridor development (ECD) studies were produced under such priority. A part of ECD studies funded by the TA are as follows: East Coast Economic Corridor: Odisha Economic Corridor Comprehensive Development Plan (subproject 46), Southwest Bangladesh Economic Corridor (subproject RCI 2), and Colombo–Trincomalee Economic Corridor (subproject RCI 13). Other than the economic corridor studies, Scoping Study of Solar Ice Solution in Outer Atoll Islands in Maldives (subproject 62) and Scoping Study for Blockchain Application for Trade Facilitation (subproject RCI 7) also explore ADB operations using innovative technologies. During the TA implementation, video has emerged as a major media of knowledge management. Nine out of total 80 subprojects supported preparation of videos that promoted successful ADB projects under subprojects 33, 38, 42, 44, 48, 50, 59, NP15, NP20, and NP21. The TA also provided the “last mile” resource to transform knowledge created in loan and TA projects into a presentable knowledge product format through editing, layout, printing, translation, and dissemination. Fourteen of the 80 subprojects focused on such support including subprojects 7, 8, 12, 13, 18, 21, 24, 30 36, 37, 51, 52, 54, and NP10. Output 2: Knowledge events. Knowledge events supported by the TA include 14 knowledge sharing workshops; 13 capacity building events; 13 eminent speakers’ forum; nine South Asia seminars; eight policy consultation workshops; and others such as study visits for relevant DMC officials. Country-specific events covered a wide-range of topics. Knowledge sharing workshops discussed financial and economic issues (subproject 14, NP20), gender equality (subprojects 51, 52), public private partnership (subproject NP4), and statistical census (subproject 37). The TA supported capacity building events to strengthen capacities of member countries in South Asia in the area of results-based public sector management (subproject 40), results-based project management (subproject NP2), civil servant performance management (subproject 23), and preparation of DMFs and project completion reports (subproject 41). Consultation processes were also undertaken with respect to the preparation of a SASEC vision document (subproject 42), a national strategic framework for nature conservation (subproject 18), addressing invasive alien species (subproject 19), and economic corridor activities (subproject RCI 2). Results of subprojects and knowledge related activities funded by the TA were presented at the South Asia Seminar Series (SASS) and covered education, gender and urban poverty, lessons from technical assistance analysis, governance, banking and finance, remittances, and blockchain technology and trade. At the regional level, governance, finance and small and medium enterprises, education and skills, and convention on temporary admission of goods and vehicles were discussed in knowledge events (subprojects 1, 14, 15, RCI 10, and NP16). Output 3: Regional knowledge partnerships activities. Existing ADB partnerships in South Asia as well as with other development organizations were utilized in supporting nine activities including a consultation workshop. There are co-publications with UNESCAP on Transport and Trade Facilitation Monitoring Mechanism in Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal (subproject RCI 1); and with UNESCO on Migration and Remittances for Development in Asia (subproject NP20); and four co-funding of events on International Conference on Invasive Alien Species Management with National Trust for Nature Conservation (subproject 18); Formulation of National Strategic Framework for Nature Conservation with Swiss Development Cooperation, Nepal (subproject 19); and Workshop on International Standards and Conventions Relating to Temporary Admission with ADBI (subproject NP16); and South Asia Regional Symposium on ICT for Education with UNESCO (subproject 49). These partnership activities facilitated knowledge sharing as well as production of knowledge products.

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Technical Assistance Assessment Ratings

Criterion Assessment Rating

Relevance The TA was highly relevant. All outputs generated through 80 subprojects were aligned with the regional priorities in SASEC or national development plans as outlined in either the country partnership strategy (CPS), country operations business plan/regional country operations business plan, past TA or loan projects, or were requested by concerned governments. The identification of additional national and regional KM activities and corresponding updates in the DMF were covered in the minor change in scope of implementation arrangements. These changes in scope expanded the relevance of the TA with respect to country knowledge planning, dialogues, and preparation of new knowledge products and services as well as regional development and economic corridor development in South Asia. Some of the key transformative knowledge initiatives are (i) the videos which communicated project success to a wider audience, (ii) Nepal consultation process for nature conservation, (iii) SASEC visioning exercise that have provided the groundwork for knowledge-based policy and program planning and development; and (iv) economic corridor studies which supported work in Odisha economic corridor, Colombo–Trincomalee economic corridor, and Southwest economic corridor in Bangladesh.

Highly relevant

Effectiveness The TA was highly effective. All outputs of knowledge products, knowledge events, and regional partnerships exceeded the target indicators defined in the DMF of the TA. Some of knowledge-sharing events undertaken through TA support as in the case of gender equality in Nepal and Sri Lanka, SASEC visioning exercise, and holding of the International Conference on Invasive Alien Species in Nepal have contributed to inform development policies and strategies in South Asia DMCs. The three outcome performance indicators were met at 100%: (i) risk assessments have been institutionalized, (ii) all of operational staff for South Asia have participated in SARD institutional training, and (iii) all of TA funded knowledge products and initiatives have been shared through either internal and external knowledge events and various web platforms.

Highly effective

Efficiency The TA was efficient in terms of cost and output delivery. The TA was utilized by 93% to support outputs that exceeded their target indicators.

As continuing demand for funding for new knowledge-based subprojects were received, additional requests for funding for the TA were approved. The TA then had three extensions which were not due to delays but were approved to implement additional subprojects with new financing received with an additional $1.9 million. Timely closing of subproject accounts maximized the use of savings generated from completed and closed subprojects. The TA was physically closed as planned on the last extended completion date on 31 December 2019.

The TA provided indirect socioeconomic benefits through consultative and dissemination processes for gender equality, studies on risk assessment for public–private partnership (PPP) projects, knowledge creation, and dissemination on numerous sectors and thematic areas, capacity building on PCR and TCR preparation, economic corridor studies using videos to increase knowledge on successful projects, all of which will help in improving project readiness and better implementation and possibly lead to greater development results.

Periodic PSC meeting with members from each sector division and RM helped in getting updates on status of subprojects and contributed to the timely closing of the subproject. The PSC system also made the decision-making on subprojects’ funding approval democratic. However, PSC did not always work as a quality control system for proposals since few comments are sometimes received from the members during review prior to funding approval. As PSC meetings were held every quarter, there was a waiting time for batch approval of subprojects. Better commitment of KM focal points, which would frequently change with staff departures or changes in assignments without clear turnover of duties, would have made the PSC function better in managing quality of subprojects topics and design.

Efficient

Overall Assessment

Overall, the TA is highly successful considering that (i) subprojects and activities were highly relevant as these were aligned with regional and national development

Highly successful

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Criterion Assessment Rating

priorities, (ii) the TA was highly effective in exceeding its target outputs and with indication of achieving its outcome and impact, and (iii) the TA was efficient in terms of cost and output delivery with indirect socioeconomic benefits. The three outcome performance indicators were fully met.

Sustainability

Initiatives supported by the TA are most likely sustainable considering that: (i) knowledge products including South Asia economic reports, South Asia working papers, and South Asia occasional papers, South Asia operational knowledge reports, books, reports, guides, strategies, briefs that were published in the ADB website had accumulated 72,925 page views and 31,820 downloads as of 29 April 2020, and are likely to be visited and downloaded by more internal and external knowledge users; (ii) knowledge events for knowledge sharing, capacity building, or consultation workshops have enabled country participants to gain knowledge with respect to project management, sector and thematic priorities of countries in South Asia that will help them in applying knowledge gained in making informed decisions in policy development as well as program design and implementation; and (iii) regional knowledge partnership activities that shared resources to support consultation workshops and knowledge events, and co-publishing of regional technical studies have provided lessons learned on topics with regional scope and impact.

The TA was one of the initial knowledge management projects in ADB which focused on supporting production and sharing of knowledge products and services. Such TA design would be needed to be replicated and continue supporting ADB’s and DMC’s knowledge requirement, future ADB loan programs and projects should already incorporate funding in producing knowledge products and services and dissemination plans in the design and implementation processes. Such funding will ensure that results and lessons from development initiatives can be transformed into usable knowledge products and properly shared and disseminated within ADB and to its DMCs.

Most likely sustainable

Lessons Learned and Recommendations

Management of staff and

consultants

It is recommended that attendance of PSC members who are KM focal points (KMFP) from SARD sector divisions and RMs be made optional, instead of trying to meet a quorum for PSC meetings as was set under the TA. Participation may be made mandatory if the sector division or RM has a proposal for approval. Changes in KMFP should always be updated and documents to brief new KMFPs as well as documents for review be posted in Sharepoint.

Video production plan should allow sufficient time for revisions and ADB’s internal review, approval, and fulfillment of government clearances and requirements. In addition, frequent changes in ADB’s procedures on engaging video teams as well as photographers also added to project delays. ADB project teams should provide clear directions and detailed instructions to video producers to minimize delays.

Knowledge building

A compilation of success stories or case studies is an effective mechanism for tapping knowledge and using them in designing future programs and pursuing policy reforms. Using innovative products that are relevant and incorporate international best practices, capturing key lessons from similar products in other countries, may be refined for application at local conditions in another country.

There was a growing demand for videos to disseminate ADB’s successful projects. This TA provided support to video production early on. Videos should select high profile projects rather than sector-wide topics to communicate clearer messages and reach out to more people. Videos need to introduce measured impacts and outcomes to attract more viewers. Executing agencies could help in disseminating videos in conferences, project clinics, training centers, and their websites. Videos can also have local language translations. A series of videos focusing more on the beneficiaries’ perspectives on ADB projects would be a good idea.

Any type of publication should undertake a thorough literature review to limit duplication of work and clarify the value addition of the planned publication. As necessary, peer reviewers should be engaged or invited from ADB’s sector and thematic groups to ensure quality of publications.

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Findings from studies on high-level technology should always be disseminated to ADB staff, broadly through presentations such as in SASS which are accessible not only to SARD staff but also to other regional departments and RMs. Presentation of studies in progress can be a part of quality control system through comments received from other ADB staff during these events. It is recommended that presentations at internal ADB seminars become a mandatory dissemination activity in knowledge production plans.

Stakeholder participation

Strong buy-in from higher bureaucracy is very important to ensure continued ownership of knowledge products in case government officials in charge change during preparation of a publication. An example of a strong buy-in is the consultative process done for preparing the SASEC Vision which was launched by finance ministers in SASEC countries. It helped ensure the governments’ continuing commitment to the SASEC Vision. Member countries’ ownership of SASEC Vision and SASEC Operational Plan was also enhanced through national consultations.

Partnership The consultation process, for example, for the invasive alien plant species management in Nepal, was a unique opportunity for ADB to partner with a civil society organization (CSO) and other development partners. It raised critical knowledge on an important environmental theme that has significant economic and poverty reduction implications. The partnerships contributed to knowledge solutions which was a key driver of change under ADB’s Strategy 2020 Midterm Review.

To successfully partner with research institutes, academia, CSOs, and development organizations, it is important to have a clear set of operational and financial guidelines, terms of reference, and deliverables.

Replication and/or scaling up

Evolving information campaign and dissemination plan is becoming more important as information technology develops. It will also help in strengthening ADB’s presence in DMCs as well as in developed member countries to obtain more support from key stakeholders. Production of videos as a public relations tool has become more prevalent bank-wide. More videos should be developed subject to strategic theme selection and proper preparation. Also, social media platforms, including Facebook, Twitter, and blog sites should be actively used to expand audience reach for current and

future ADB knowledge initiatives.

Other lessons Dissemination should be factored in when planning for publication of knowledge work. The subproject proposal template of the TA included a dissemination plan to ensure knowledge sharing of target outputs. Undertaking publications through RMs helps in cost-reduction and increased ownership. Resources should be provided to make ADB’s publication processes more efficiently and timely when embarking on major publications. To better assess the usefulness of ADB’s publications, there is a need to institutionalize monitoring and reporting of quantitative indicators and qualitative ways to measure usage and impact of knowledge products. In addition to web hits and download statistics, ways to monitor the number of citations, as in the case of working papers and recording qualitative information, if reports are adopted by governments should be put in place to better assess value and use of ADB’s knowledge products.

Follow-up Actions

The TA, approved in 2011, pioneered knowledge management in ADB focusing on supporting production and sharing knowledge products. The TA successfully mainstreamed knowledge in ADB operations. The next step is to link knowledge solutions proposed in knowledge products into ADB operations. TA-9586-REG5 is currently being implemented to produce relevant operational knowledge solutions for national and regional projects in SARD. Also, aside from ADB.org, dissemination channels like Development Asia. ADB internal seminars should be widely used to expand reach of lessons learned from the TA, specific study results, and broadly of the TA’s knowledge outputs and outcomes.

Prepared by: Tadateru Hayashi Designation and Division: Principal Economist, SARC

5 ADB. 2018. Supporting Knowledge Solutions for New Development Strategies in South Asia. https://www.adb.org

/projects/52061-001/main.

Appendix 1 7

REVISED DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK

Impact the project is aligned with: More relevant and sustainable development efforts in the DMCs of South Asia implemented (Defined by the Project)

Results Chain Performance Indicators with Targets and

Baselines Achievements

Outcome Development policies and strategies in DMCs better informed

(By December 2020)6 a. Rigorous risk assessments for all programs, projects, and strategies for South Asia DMCs carried out (2011 baseline: 33% [estimate]) b. At least 80% of operational staff of programs and projects for South Asia DMCs trained on ADB guidelines, procedures, and assessment methods (2011 baseline: 60% [estimate])

a. 100% achieved. SARD risk assessments for programs and projects have been institutionalized and were carried out as part of ADB’s project cycle and in accordance with ADB’s overall guidelines and procedures. Risk assessments were done 100%. Risk assessment was institutionalized into loan process thus, ADB internal resources as well as project preparatory TA resources have been used to fund these assessments. A few subprojects funded by the TA supported risk management activities and learning e.g., focused training on economic analysis for transport sector projects (under subproject NP13), and capacity building on preparing project and TA completion reports where lessons captured can help in risk management of future ADB projects (under subproject 41). A specific study on project completion risk guarantee facility was also undertaken for the Indian banking sector (under subprojects 27 and 34). b. 100% achieved. SARD staff involved in operations work trained partly through SARD Academy7 (a platform for sharing latest operational policies relevant to the preparation, implementation, completion, and evaluation of ADB projects, programs, and technical assistance), and through relevant presentations in the SASS and South Asia Operational Knowledge (SAOKs). The cumulative staff participation for internal SARD events: 503 in SARD Academy and 198 in SASS, as of December 2019 against 106 professional staff in SARD. The SARD Economists Conference (under subproject NP1), Eminent Speaker’s Forum: Bhutan’s Economic Vision—Prosperity for All (under subproject NP5), and External Relations Officers’ project communications activities—blogs, videos, interviews (under subproject NP 15) are examples of the ADB staff capacity on KM, while translation of the Auditor General's report into English from Nepali language and disseminating to other

1 Revised outcome achievement year from 2019 to 2020, as defined in the new DMF Guidelines, is one full year of operations after

completion of all outputs. 2 A platform for sharing latest operational policies relevant to the preparation, implementation, completion, and evaluation of ADB

projects, programs, and technical assistance, and through relevant presentations in the SASS and South Asia Operational Knowledge (SAOKs).

8 Appendix 1

stakeholders (under subproject 21), PCR/TCR/DMF Training for government officials (under subproject 41), and focused training on economic analysis for road projects (NP13) helped familiarize ADB staff and DMC officials on ADB operations and guidelines.

Outputs

1. Knowledge products providing in-depth, relevant, and timely assessments, policy proposals, and recommendations completed

(By December 2019) 1a. Twenty-five South Asia working papers prepared 1b. Twelve topical research reports on various country- and regional-level sector, themes including regional public goods written 1c. Three eminent speaker forum reports and six policy workshop reports completed 1d. Three regional conference proceedings prepared 1e. Two program and policy evaluation compendiums completed 1f. Six country knowledge plans (country knowledge working papers may serve as basis for the country knowledge plans) prepared and/or reviewed 1g. Project communication activities including 10 films, 12 podcasts, 12 blogs on high-impact projects, and 12 video reports on innovative projects implemented

1a. Exceeded. Thirty-one South Asia working papers and two South Asia operational knowledge reports were prepared and published. 1b. Exceeded. Thirty-three research reports written, 21 reports and 15 books published. 1c. Exceeded. Thirteen Eminent Speakers Series (ESS) presentations or summaries and eight policy workshop consultation reports prepared. 1d. Exceeded. Four conference reports prepared. 1e. Exceeded. Three compendiums published. 1f. Exceeded. Six country knowledge plans reviewed. One country development effectiveness report, one country national strategy report, and one country environment brief prepared 1g. Substantially achieved. Sixteen videos and reports, eights blogs, six photo essays, two project briefs, and two project stories completed.

2. Knowledge sharing events in DMCs conducted

2a. Three economist conferences held 2b. Twelve eminent speaker forums and six policy workshops in the region conducted 2c. Two annual knowledge-sharing events with network institutions implemented 2d. Three study visits of DMC officials conducted 2e. At least six training sessions in DMCs on operations guidelines and governance risk assessments held

2a. Partially achieved. One South Asia Economics Conference (SEC) held and funded by the TA but three other SECs were held in 2019 and 2002 which were funded by another regional TA; seven research works presented in SASS sessions (instead of presenting in another SEC). 2b. Exceeded. Thirteen ESS seminars and eight policy consultation workshops completed. 2c. Exceeded. Three knowledge sharing events with partners held. 2d. Achieved. Three study visits/training/ event sharing completed. 2e. Exceeded. Thirteen training sessions completed.

Appendix 1 9

2f. 12 presentations by resident mission and headquarters staff in local universities and research institutions (e.g., on the Asian Development Outlook) conducted 2g. Six country knowledge dialogues completed 2h. Eight knowledge sharing workshops on project communication/awareness raising on various sector and themes, including regional events on regional policies and public goods and 12 interviews of SARD project officers held

2f. Exceeded. Twenty-five ADB HQ and RM staff presentations undertaken. 2g. Achieved. Six country knowledge dialogues held. 2h. Exceeded. Fourteen knowledge sharing workshops; twelve staff interviews with project officers completed.

3. Active partnerships with regional knowledge partners and networks generating and disseminating knowledge to DMCs formed

3a. Two premier research and academic institution(s) in Asia and the Pacific under Memorandums of Understanding or Knowledge Partnership Agreements with ADB engaged (For knowledge events and products emanating from the partnership(s), see outputs 1 and 2)

3a. Exceeded. Nine partnership activities undertaken (one consultation workshop; four co-sharing events; four co-publications).

Actual Key Activities with Milestones 1. Knowledge products

1.1. Scoped demand for research agenda within SARD and in DMCs; determined TA funding guidelines (Q4 2011 and Q1 2012)—project management team (PMT), RMs

1.2. Prepared plan on what knowledge product is best suited for specific research agenda item (annually from Q4 2011 onwards)—PMT

1.3. Commissioned work on knowledge products, including through consultants, as necessary (commencing Q1 2012–onwards)—PMT, OSFMD

1.4. Carried out peer review of resulting products, as needed (continuous after Q1 2012 as the products become available)—internal and external peer reviewers (coordinated by PMT)

1.5. Published, including in print form and electronically, all completed knowledge products (as and when they are finalized)—SARD

1.6. Carried out dissemination activities in coordination with DOC and the DMCs as needed (as knowledge products are finalized)—DOC, SARD

1.7. Prepared and/or reviewed country knowledge working papers and country knowledge plans for six South Asia DMCs (commencing Q3 2015–onwards)—PMT, resident missions

1.8. Produced project communication products including podcasts, videos, and blogs on high impact and innovative SARD projects highlights

1.9. Kept running tabs on knowledge products (continuous during project period)—PMT 2. Knowledge events

2.1. Prepared plans for knowledge events for project period (Q4 2011–onwards)—PMT 2.2. Disseminated plan to the DMCs and within ADB (annually, Q4 2011–onwards)) 2.3. Commissioned work on knowledge events (commencing Q1 2012)—PMT, OSFMD 2.4. Publicized the knowledge events widely in ADB Today, ADB.org, and announcements through emails and in relevant

knowledge event websites (as knowledge events get finalized)—DOC, SARD 2.5. Conducted the knowledge events (as needed during the project period)—DMC, ADB, knowledge partner/s (Changed) 2.6. Conduct country knowledge dialogues in six South Asian DMCs (commencing Q3 2015)—PMT, RMs 2.7. Conducted knowledge sharing events and activities relating to project communication for SARD and RM staff and DMCs

(For knowledge products derived from these events, see activities 1.4 to 1.8) 3. Regional knowledge creation and partnership

3.1. Coordinated existing development partners in South Asia to ascertain how it could undertake partnership related activities on cost-sharing, co-publications (starting Q4 2011 and onwards)—PMT, Sector Divisions and RMs

3.2. Partnered with development organizations in Asia and the Pacific on knowledge sharing activities (by Q2 2012)—PMT, OSFMD

10 Appendix 1

3.3. Publicized the knowledge events widely in ADB Today, ADB.org, and announcements through emails and in relevant knowledge event websites (as knowledge events get finalized)—DOC, SARD (For knowledge products derived from the partnership, see activities 1.4 to 1.8)

Project management activities

Established a project steering committee (by Q4 2011)—SARD Engaged consultants for project activities (after Q1 2012 and as needed)—SARD, OSFMD Conducted reviews for project steering committee (up to three times a year)—PMT Prepared and submitted (i) TA inception report (2 months after TA inception)—PMT and (ii) quarterly progress reports (from Q1 2012)—PMT Prepared TA final report (3 months after TA closure)—PMT, SARD

Actual Inputs

ADB: TASF IV, V, VI, Others $3,143,206 RCIF $471,321 TOTAL $3,614,527 (overall)

Source: Asian Development Bank.

Appendix 2 11

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE COST

Table A2.1: Technical Assistance Cost by Activity ($’000)

Amount

Item Original Revised 1a Revised 2b

Revised 3c

Revised 4d Actual

1 Consultants 884 894 1,860 2,425 95 2,520 a. Remuneration and per

diem

International consultants

291 280 904 1,154

National consultants 388 448 648 873 b. International and local

travel 80 60 192 282

c. Reports and communication

25 6 16 16

d. Knowledge network partnership

100 100 100 100

2 Workshops, Seminars, Conferences, Study Visits

360 345 505 705 -76 629

3 Surveys, studies 60 5 10 10 -1 9 4 Miscellaneous and

administration support 115 315 475 565 -109 456

a. Printing and publication 100 275 425 460 b. Miscellaneous and

administration costs 15 40 50 105

5 Contingency 81 41 150 195 -195 TOTAL 1,500 1,600 3,000 3,900 -286 3,614 RCIF = Regional Cooperation and Integration Fund, TASF = Technical Assistance Special Fund. a Additional TASF amount approved on 7 December 2012 (refer to memo dated 29 November 2012 and 7 November 2014). b Additional TASF amount approved on 16 November 2015 (refer to memo dated 22 October 2015). c Additional TASF and RCIF amounts approved on 26 July 2017 (refer to memo dated 6 July 2017). d Cancellation of TA surplus amount approved on 1 June 2020 (refer to memo dated 1 June 2020 and confirmation of cancellation by email from CTL dated 17 June 2020). Source: Asian Development Bank estimates.

Table A2.2: Technical Assistance Cost by Fund

($’000)

TASF IV TASF V TASF VI TASF Others RCIF Total Cost

1 Original 500 1,000 1,500

2 Revised 3,614

Revised 1 100 100

Revised 2 425 975 1,400

Revised 3 400 500 900

Revised 4 -257 -29 -286

3 Actual Total 500 424 400 2,075 500 3,614

TASF 3,143

RCIF 471

4 Unused Total 0

TASF 0

RCIF 0 RCIF = Regional Cooperation and Integration Fund, TASF = Technical Assistance Special Fund. Source: Asian Development Bank estimates.

12 Appendix 3

SUBPROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES

Table A3: Approved Subprojects and KM Activities Funded under RETA 7997

SP No. Proposal Title Description Assessment of Final Outputs

PSC Approved Subprojects -TASF funded

1 SARC: NAPSIPAG 2012 Conference on Development Challenges in the Asia Pacific: Millennium Development Goals and Beyond, 12 –14 December 2012, Colombo, Sri Lanka KRA: Knowledge event Topic: Governance Coverage: Regional Approval date: Aug 2012 Completion date: Jan 2013

Network of Asia Pacific Schools and Institutes of Public Administration and Governance (NAPSIPAG) 9th international conference was held in Colombo in 2012 with its theme ‘Development Challenges in the Asia-Pacific Region: Millennium Development Goals and Beyond.’ The conference aimed to provide a forum for academics, researchers, and practitioners to come together and contribute to widening and enriching the knowledge base on Millennium Development Goal (MDG) programs and progress in the Asia and the Pacific region.

Conference participation and presentation The research papers presented at the conference were of high quality and the conference provided a forum for academics and practitioners from different Asia and the Pacific countries to come together and share their knowledge. During the 2 ½-day conference, many debates, analyses, and discussions of key issues were raised such as poverty eradication, good governance, and law empowerment issues. The conference enriched the knowledge base on MDG programs for the Asia and Pacific region.

3 Public Management, Financial Sector, & Trade Division (SAPF): Developing an

Econometric Model for the Indian Banking Sector KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Banking and Finance Coverage: India Approval date: Aug 2012 Completion date: Oct 2013

This paper explained and analyzed the capital requirements of Indian banks given the exposure to the infrastructure sector in the context of the estimated $1 trillion infrastructure investment requirement from 2013 to 2018. It also addressed the implications of this proposed expansion in infrastructure lending, given that banks in India would be capital-constrained through implementation of Basel III requirements and emerging risks from currency depreciation and slow growth in gross domestic product.

Research paper: SASS 135 Indian banking sector presentation entitled: Emerging Risks to Indian Banks: An Empirical Analysis The paper was presented at the Twelfth International Conference on Money, Banking, and Finance in Rome, Italy, organized by the University of Rome. The estimation results were periodically used by ADB missions in discussions with banks and other stakeholders on bank capitalization especially in the context of Basel III requirements. At the draft stage, the results of the paper were presented at the South Asia Seminar Series in October 2013. The results were particularly relevant in the design and processing of innovative financing instruments such as project completion risk guarantees and equity revolving funds that have a bearing on bank capital requirements to sustain infrastructure financing.

4 SAUW: Publication of a report on Gender and Urban Poverty in South Asia KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Gender, urban development Coverage: Regional Approval date: Aug 2012 Completion date: Jun 2013

The TA supported the preparation and publishing of a new ADB publication entitled Gender and Urban Poverty in South Asia. The publication reflected a compendium of findings from a 2-day “Subregional Workshop on Gender and Urban Poverty in South Asia” in March 2012 in Colombo, Sri Lanka.

Gender and Urban Poverty in South Asia https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/30099/gender-urban-poverty-south-asia.pdf The final report was delivered on time and was well received by ADB management and staff during its official launch. It provided a knowledge base on gender and urban poverty.

Appendix 3 13

5 SAUW: Publication of Financing Low-Carbon Urban Development in South Asia KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Urban development climate change Coverage: Regional Approval date: Aug 2012 Completion date: Dec 2013

This report addressed urban development, green growth, and climate change, which were at the center of ADB’s urban operational strategy.

Financing Low-Carbon Urban Development in South Asia https://www.adb.org/publications/financing-low-carbon-urban-development-south-asia-post-2012-context The final publication was satisfactory and received 123 downloads and 130 page views, as of April 2020 on the ADB website. The report placed the Urban Development and Water Division (SAUW) in a position to better guide DMCs, particularly Bangladesh, Bhutan and Nepal, (as they are classified as ‘least developed countries’), in designing urban projects and accessing carbon financing in the post-2012 Kyoto Protocol period.

6 NRM: A Study on Constraints to Agricultural Transformation in Nepal KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Agriculture Coverage: Nepal Approval date: Apr 2013 Completion date: Nov 2013

The activity involved a detailed study of three specific constraints to agricultural transformation in Nepal: land reforms and regulations, availability of inputs, and access to markets.

Consultant report Report was satisfactory. The study was designed to complement Nepal’s Agriculture Development Strategy (ADS), specifically by looking at the impediments to a meaningful participation of smallholder farmers, tenants, and disadvantaged groups to intensify, commercialize, and sustain agriculture and contribute to achieving the vision of the ADS.

7 (Human and Social Development Division) SAHS: Printing of reports (i) Is ICT the Missing Link in Development Operations, (ii)Challenges and Opportunities for Skills Development in Asia, and (iii) Impact Evaluation of the Second Urban Primary Health Care Project KRA: Knowledge product Topic: ICT, health, education/ skills development Coverage: Bangladesh/Regional Approval date: Apr 2013 Completion date: Dec 2019

The proposal was originally for the printing of three SAHS reports of (i) Sanitation in Rural Gujarat: Policy and Lessons from Project Implementation, (ii) Cultivating University-Industry Linkages in Sri Lanka, and (iii) Learning from e-Learning. Final titles were later selected for final publication. Financial support was requested to cover costs for copyediting, layout, cover design, and printing.

ICT for Development Forum 2013: Session on ICT for Education, Is ICT the Missing Link in Development Operations? https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/161445/ict-forum-2013-education.pdf Challenges and Opportunities for Skills Development in Asia: Changing Supply, Demand, and Mismatches https://www.adb.org/publications/challenges-and-opportunities-skills-development-asia Impact Evaluation of Contracting Primary Health Care Services in Urban Bangladesh https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12913-019-4406-5 Reports were satisfactory and uploaded in ADB.org. The reports have implications to current and future SAHS operations and are important to other ADB social sector divisions.

14 Appendix 3

8 SAUW: Inclusive Urban Development for South Asia KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Urban development Coverage: Regional Approval date: Apr 2013 Completion date: Apr 2018

The objective was the preparation of a readable omnibus book based on the output of TA 7148-IND (findings and recommendations) and the papers presented at SARD’s 2012 Economists’ Conference through proper editing, re-writing, and vigorous peer-reviewing. A face-to-face peer review meeting (with some remote-conferencing arrangements) was held in May 2014 by inviting two external peer-reviewers along with internal peer reviewers.

Consultant report Decent manuscript of the knowledge product was prepared in May 2015. However, due to the difficulty in obtaining government of India’s consent, the manuscript was unpublished and used only within ADB.

9 Energy Division (SAEN): Review chapter of book titled "Energy Pricing for Sustainable Development in Bangladesh" KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Energy Coverage: Bangladesh Approval date: Jun 2013 Completion date: Sep 2013

This activity was initiated to prepare the draft first chapter of a publication titled Energy Pricing Reforms for Sustainable Development in Bangladesh.

Chapter in a publication https://www.adb.org/publications/energy-policy-options-sustainable-development-bangladesh The first chapter of the book was a review chapter on economics of exhaustible resources. It reviewed the main economic theories on exhaustible resource economics such as Hoteling’s Percent Rule and follow up studies.

10 SARC: ADB–BHUTAN 30-Year Partnership KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Partnership with ADB Coverage: Bhutan Approval date: Jun 2013 Completion date: Feb 2014

The book provided an overview of ADB’s operations in Bhutan with particular focus on key sectors and thematic areas of ADB’s support since Bhutan became a member of ADB in 1982. It also illustrated how ADB has worked together with the Government of Bhutan in advancing the country’s development by responding to Bhutan’s evolving development challenges and priorities over time.

Three Decades of Development Partnership: Royal Government of Bhutan and Asian Development Bank https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/31191/three-decades-development-partnership-bhutan-adb.pdf The publication was launched by ADB President and Prime Minister of Bhutan at a historic event of the inauguration ceremony of ADB’s resident mission in Bhutan, which was covered by the local media. The book contributed to enhanced understanding of ADB operations in Bhutan among key stakeholders.

11 BRM: Preparing articles for Quarterly Economic Updates (QEUs) KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Private investment/Labor/Export Sector/ Poverty and inequality Coverage: Bangladesh Approval date: Jun 2013 Completion date: Apr 2016

The objective was to produce well-researched stories prepared by external scholars and policy practitioners on important development issues on Bangladesh, and global or regional issues relevant to ADB’s Bangladesh country operations. One story was prepared for each QEU issue. The proposed output was highly relevant to ADB’s knowledge management agenda.

Consolidated in QEUs: Following write-ups were prepared: (i) Private Investment Issues, Potential, and Challenges; (ii) Employment and the Labor Market in Bangladesh: Trends and Challenges; (iii) Export Sector of Bangladesh: Issues, Potentials and Challenges; and (iv) Poverty and Inequality: Trends and Determinants All write-ups were well-researched, written coherently, and provided independent views of respective authors. Write-ups (i) and (ii) were published and well received by QEU readers.

Appendix 3 15

12 INRM: Publication of Promoting Regional Supply Chains in South Asia: The Case of Food Processing Industry KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Food security Coverage: Regional Approval date: Jun 2013 Completion date: Jan 2016

The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)–ADB report identified potential regional supply chains on agriculture in South Asia with a focus on intraregional trade of processed food products, taking into consideration food security concerns of the countries. It analyzed the implications of tariff liberalization and concluded that full SAFTA (South Asia Free Trade Agreement) is the key to ensuring food security in the region.

Food Security in South Asia: Developing Regional Supply Chains for the Food Processing Industry https://www.adb.org/publications/food-security-south-asia The final output matched the objective and TORs. The report was undertaken through RETA 6472: Partnerships for Policy Development and Action to Foster Regional Cooperation in South Asia. Publication of the report was supported through RETA 7997.

13 INRM: Publication of Promoting Regional Supply Chains in South Asia: The Case of Leather and Leather Products KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Leather industry Coverage: Regional Approval date: Jun 2013 Completion date: Jan 2016

A study was carried out jointly with UNCTAD to examine the potential of regional supply chains in South Asia to improve the global competitiveness of the leather industry. The study examined the regional and global trade patterns of the industry, the implications of lowering tariffs, potential supply chains, and the policy and technology challenges. A South Asia Leather Manufacturers’ Association was also established. RETA 7997 funded the publication preparation.

Intraregional Trade in Leather and Leather Products in South Asia: Identification of Potential Supply Chain https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/399271/intraregional-trade-leather-south-asia.pdf The work of the vendor and consultant matched the TORs although there were delays due to ADB’s internal review processes, leading to no-cost extensions. The publication and dissemination of the study was considered important especially in the light of the rising interest amongst countries in developing value chains and economic corridors.

14 SLRM: Eminent Speaker Series at Academy of Financial Studies (AFS) KRA: Knowledge event Topic: Economic issues Coverage: Sri Lanka Approval date: Jun 2013 Completion date: Dec 2015

The Eminent Speaker Series (ESS) was started at the AFS in May 2013 to serve as a platform for knowledge sharing from experts around the world. It addressed the government’s immediate empirical knowledge needs and encouraged participation of senior government officials in policy formulation to facilitate broad support for the policies.

List and content of 10 presentations The ESS provided senior government officials opportunities of wider discussion and awareness of policy issues. The subproject also benefited ADB’s policy dialogue in Sri Lanka.

15 SLRM: Regional IFRS for SMEs Workshop KRA: Knowledge event Topic: Financial reporting and SMEs Coverage: Regional Approval date: Jun 2013 Completion date: Aug 2013

The 3-day workshop on International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) was held at the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Sri Lanka. Michael Wells (Director, IFRS Education Initiative) and Darrell Scott (Chairman, SME Implementation Group) were provided as resource personnel by The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) to the Institute to conduct the workshop.

International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) for Small and Medium sized Enterprises(SMEs) A “train the trainer” concept was applied to this workshop to fulfill the ultimate objective of training 50 prospective trainers who would in turn act as resource persons, as and when they are called upon to do so at the regional workshops.

16 Appendix 3

16 SAOD: Publication of Lose to Gain: Is Involuntary Resettlement a Development Opportunity? KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Involuntary resettlement Coverage: Regional Approval date: Jul 2013 Completion date: April 2014

The book examined the impact of land acquisition and relocation of affected persons and communities in infrastructure development projects in South Asia. The book investigated modalities of resettlement mitigation programs planned and implemented in the region. Since resettlement is not a field where rigorous theoretical or methodological frameworks are available, the book contributed to present-day fact-based theoretical and methodological constructs that could be used by resettlement planners, practitioners, and students.

Lose to Gain: Is Involuntary Resettlement a Development Opportunity? https://www.adb.org/publications/lose-gain-involuntary-resettlement-development-opportunity The book was an important source of knowledge on how to formulate and implement complex and sensitive involuntary resettlement programs and was useful for policy makers, resettlement planners and implementers.

18 NRM: Formulation of National Strategic Framework for Nature Conservation (NSF) KRA: Knowledge event/Partnership Topic: Nature conservation Coverage: Nepal Approval date: Oct 2013 Completion date: Sep 2015

Government of Nepal National Planning Commission (NPC) was in the process of developing a National Strategic Framework for Nature Conservation (NSF) in light of changing national and international social, economic, political, and environmental contexts. A 15-Year Nature Conservation National Strategic Framework for Sustainable Development was produced with direction and approach for mainstreaming nature conservation in various sector ministries’ annual and other periodic programs and plans. Swiss Development Cooperation, Nepal provided core funding. ADB supported activities including consultation workshops (national and regional), printing the NSF document, and wider dissemination through a national program.

Consultation process, 13 thematic papers, and the production of Nature Conservation National Strategic Framework for Sustainable Development The findings from the consultations were used in drafting the strategic framework and thematic reports. Participants in the final dissemination program supported the NSF, this being a critical milestone for mainstreaming nature conservation in the regular plans and programs of all sector ministries, as well as being a guiding document for the private sector in Nepal.

19 NRM: National Trust for Nature Conservation (NTNC)–Invasive Alien Species (IAS) Management KRA: Knowledge event/ Partnership Topic: Invasive alien species Coverage: Regional Approval date: Sep 2013 Completion date: Apr 2014

The NTNC, in partnership with the Government of Nepal's Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation organized an international conference on invasive alien species management held from 25–27 March 2014, at Sauraha, Nepal. A total of 29 groundbreaking research works on IAS from Fiji, India, Nepal, Pakistan, and South Africa were presented at the conference.

Conference and Proceedings of the International Conference on Invasive Alien Species Management This was the first time that researchers from the region and beyond were brought together to discuss this subject matter in Nepal. The Secretary of the Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation expressed the commitment of the government to use this information in the formulation of a national plan of action to combat invasive alien species. The proceedings of the conference are a compilation of all the technical papers presented at the conference.

Appendix 3 17

21 Nepal Resident Mission (NRM): Office of the Auditor General (OAG) - Dissemination of Audit Findings, Nepal KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Audit report Coverage: Nepal Approval date: Sep 2013 Completion date: Dec 2015

Translation of the auditor general's report into English from Nepali language and disseminating to wider range of stakeholders enabled all ADB’s projects/programs in Nepal to access critical information on resource management of government agencies.

Seminars; translated OAG report into English English translation of audit reports for two fiscal years were produced on time and for the use of wider audience. By translating the report into English and disseminating, development partners were able to access and use the findings of the Office of the Auditor General Nepal (OAGN) to provide institutional development support to OAGN itself as well as to sector ministries, plus strengthen public financial management of government agencies through strategic interventions.

22 SARC: ADB–Maldives Partnership Book KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Partnership with ADB Coverage: Maldives Approval date: Jan 2014 Completion date: Oct 2015

The knowledge product discussed the partnership between ADB and the Government of Maldives. This was published on the 50th year of independence of Maldives.

An Enduring Partnership: Maldives and the Asian Development Bank https://www.adb.org/publications/enduring-partnership-maldives-and-adb The output itself was well-designed and well-prepared. It was formally launched by the government in Malé. This knowledge product highlighted the longstanding partnership between ADB and Maldives in economic development.

23 SARC: BHU: Performance Management System (PMS) for the Royal Civil Service Commission (RCSC) KRA: Knowledge event Topic: Performance management Coverage: Bhutan Approval date: Mar 2014 Completion date: Oct 2016

After the appointment of the RCSC in 2014, enhancing performance through improved PMS was one of the five key reform areas. Toward this end, a new framework on PMS was developed and piloted.

Study visit/training; training manuals The subproject successfully (i) developed a new PMS manual, (ii) and trained HR officers on new components of the PMS. The training built the capacity of HR professionals and managers to successfully implement the new framework of PMS.

24 INRM: Publication on Impact Trade and FDI Policies on Industrial Development in South Asian Countries KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Trade and foreign direct investment and industrial development Coverage: Regional Approval date: Apr 2014 Completion date: Nov 2015

The UNCTAD–ADB report noted how liberalization boosted industrial development in South Asia after 1990. This triggered structural changes in the manufacturing sector. The report was undertaken through RETA 6472: Partnerships for Policy Development and Action to Foster Regional Cooperation in South Asia. RETA 7997 funded the printing of the report.

Impact of Trade and FDI Policies on Industrial Development in South Asia https://www.adb.org/publications/trade-and-fdi-policies-industrial-development-south-asia Output delivered as per TOR. The report assessed the implication of India’s growth for the region and suggested the way forward for developmental regionalism in South Asia.

18 Appendix 3

25 SAHS: Human Capital Development in India and the People’s Republic of China: Achievements, Prospects, and Policy Challenges KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Human capital development Coverage: Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka/ Regional Approval date: Sep 2014 Completion date: Nov 2018

SAHS commissioned a study on human capital development in the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and India in 2014, which was greatly appreciated for the findings and the timeliness of the study in the context of the Midterm Review (MTR) 2020’s recommendation to scale up investments in the education and health sectors. The purpose of the study was to highlight the impact of human capital development in economic development and to identify reform priorities to accelerate economic growth with investments in human capital development.

Three reports were produced and published: (i) Teacher Professional Development—Special Focus on Bangladesh, Nepal, and Sri Lanka; (ii) Public–Private Partnerships for Education and Training—Special Focus on Bangladesh, Nepal, and Sri Lanka; (iii) Student Assessment and Examination—Special Focus on Bangladesh, Nepal, and Sri Lanka Human Capital Development in South Asia: Achievements, Prospects, and Policy Challenges https://www.adb.org/publications/human-capital-development-achievements-prospects-policy-challenges The topics covered were highly relevant from two perspectives: (i) to support policy dialogue in critical areas of human capital development and priority education, and (ii) to develop deeper understanding on the identified topics to support project design where feasible.

27 SAPF: Study on Project Completion Risk Guarantee Facility for Infrastructure (PCRGFI) for India – 1 KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Risk management tool /Public–private partnership (PPP) Coverage: India Approval date: Sep 2014 Completion date: Dec 2014

The study is a risk management tool and model for addressing risk factors at the pre-completion stage of PPP infrastructure projects. There was no cover for these risks available to projects in the current Indian market. This also had implications for emerging PPP markets in Bangladesh and Sri Lanka.

Research report The final results provided a financial model and a business plan for the proposed PCRGFI and scenarios under which the proposed facility is self-sustaining. The scenarios offered options on the size of the proposed PCRGFI as well as the optimal quantum of risk coverage that balances the needs of investors, project sponsors, and guarantee providers.

28 SARC: Maldives KM Operations (Research with Maldives Monetary Authority) KRA: Knowledge Product Topic: Tax reform, National Development Strategy Coverage: Maldives Approval date: Aug 2014 Completion date: Aug 2018

The TA provided support to the Government of Maldives to prepare the national development strategy and share the knowledge and experience from ADB’s previous projects through: Component 1: collaboration with Maldives Monetary Authority; Component 2: Knowledge product on lessons on revenue enhancement; Component 3: Knowledge product on National Development Strategy.

Fast-track Tax Reform: Lessons from the Maldives https://www.adb.org/documents/fast-track-tax-reform-lessons-maldives and workshops on National Development Strategy and SASS on NDS ADB published a book on tax reform which served as a guide for other developing countries with fledgling tax systems and who also want to embark on their own tax reform programs. ADB also organized in-country workshops to discuss the national development strategy and prepared a draft of the strategy but the government decided not to formulate a national development strategy and used instead the manifesto of their ruling party as a development guideline.

Appendix 3 19

29 NRM: Social Mobilization in Nepal: Case Studies KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Social mobilization Coverage: Nepal Approval date: Sep 2014 Completion date: Mar 2015

The case study assessments consolidated achievements made in community empowerment through social mobilization in the Local Governance and Community Development Program (LGCDP), and critically assessed the contributing factors. The findings from the assessment were important inputs to policy formulations, and project and program design and management, as these could guide in devising appropriate strategies to achieve inclusiveness in development outcomes and overall community development. The subproject planned to undertake the assessment by collecting cases from different places, interacting with community people, and analyzing the outcomes and factors contributing to the outcomes.

Compilation of best practices and case studies The compilation of the best practices and case studies produced as a final product of the subproject was used to further pursue social mobilization activities under the second phase of the LGCDP.

30 NRM: Printing of the Nepal Country Environment Note (CEN) KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Environment Coverage: Nepal Approval date: Oct 2014 Completion date: Dec 2014

The CEN was written during the preparation of the Nepal Country Partnership Strategy. Later, in consultation with SDCC, it was agreed to elaborate the CEN from the original 10 pages to 30 pages long by including more analysis, identifying key challenges, and describing the recommendations with more clarity. Accordingly, the new CEN was prepared and cleared by SDCC for dissemination. Printing and disseminating the CEN assisted the government and development agencies in making informed decisions while preparing development investments.

Nepal Country Environment Note https://www.adb.org/documents/country-environment-note-nepal The CEN briefly summarized the country environmental status and was found to be extremely helpful as a reference material for policymakers, planners, development workers, environmental consultants, professionals, and academicians.

31 SLRM: Challenges in Implementing Best Practices in Involuntary Resettlement- A Case Study in Sri Lanka KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Involuntary resettlement Coverage: Sri Lanka Approval date: Jan 2015 Completion date: Jul 2016

The book was the first knowledge product to systematically document the resettlement process in a large and complex infrastructure project in South Asia. The infrastructure project generated a large volume of data and information over a period of 15 years, and through a critical analysis of such data and information, the book presented a set of guidelines for borrowers to avoid delays and affected persons’ agitations against development projects while operating in a framework which is guided by international best practices in involuntary resettlement.

Challenges in Implementing Best Practices in Involuntary Resettlement: A Case Study in Sri Lanka https://www.adb.org/publications/challenges-best-practices-resettlement-case-study-sri-lanka This book documented the relationship between and among ADB, the project implementing agency, and affected persons. The analysis of complex relationships revealed the inherent risks in applying international resettlement best practices to a complex infrastructure development project and specific strategies needed to overcome them.

33 SARC: Film on SARD’s High Impact Projects (Winds of Change [WoC]) (i) WoC1, (ii) SASEC video, (iii) National Urban Health Mission (NUHM) video KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Various ADB projects Coverage: Bhutan/India/ Maldives/Nepal/ Sri Lanka

The knowledge products directly enhanced knowledge in SARD operations by promoting cross-learning and sharing of best practices on project management. Lessons were drawn from these high-performance projects and programs by both internal and external stakeholders.

(i) Winds of Change Connecting Maldives' Remote Islands: Winds of Change https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Da42F-aax28&list=UU2ASYi96ZSgabnkzz MonBfA&index=130 Women Entrepreneurs Rebuild Sri Lanka's Future: Winds of Change https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YUwV9d2TQzc&list=UU2ASYi96ZSgabnkzzMonBfA&index=82

20 Appendix 3

Approval date: Jan 2015 Completion date: Feb 2018

Electrification Project Brings More Than Light to Rural Bhutan: Winds of Change https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LfiajR2b2IY (ii) SASEC videos; First India-Bangladesh Power Interconnection Feeds Greater Access to Electricity Video | 7 December 2017 https://www.adb.org/news/videos/first-india-bangladesh-power-interconnection-feeds-greater-access-electricity Customs Reforms Open Up Trade Opportunities in Bhutan Video | 11 April 2018 https://www.adb.org/news/videos/customs-reforms-open-trade-opportunities-bhutan Trade Modernization Spurs Economic Growth in Nepal Video | 12 January 2018 https://www.adb.org/news/videos/trade-modernization-spurs-economic-growth-nepal (iii) NUHM video - (in OneDrive https://asiandevbank-my.sharepoint.com/:f:/r/personal/mmalihan_adb_org/Documents/1_ANGEL%20ADB%20PC/2018/1_Tadateru/RETA%207997/FILM?csf=1&e=xeN37S) Videos completed and uploaded in ADB.org, Facebook, and YouTube. They highlighted successful ADB projects and impacts on beneficiaries.

34 SAPF: Project Completion Risk Guarantee Facility for Infrastructure (PCRGFI) for India – 2 KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Risk management/ PPP Coverage: India Approval date: Mar 2015 Completion date: Jun 2015

The earlier study to determine the viability and feasibility of establishing a PCRGFI was completed in December 2014 and developed a business plan for the said facility. However, on 31 December 2014, the Government of India passed The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Ordinance 2014, that sought to ease the land acquisition process for PPP infrastructure projects. This law had a material impact on the land acquisition process and the risks associated with project completion for PPP infrastructure projects as well as aspects including the pricing of the risk for guaranteeing project completion risk. Thus, revisions to the earlier study was required, taking into account material changes and would result in a revised risk management tool and model for addressing risk factors at the pre-completion stage of PPP infrastructure projects.

Consultant report, draft working paper, and SASS presentation: SASS 193: Establishing a Project Completion Risk Guarantee Facility for PPP Infrastructure Projects in India The study raised interest in the government as a way to mitigate a key risk in the infrastructure sector in India. The discussions resulted in heightened awareness of the scope of using market- based instruments to assess and price risks related to land acquisition, environmental and forest clearances etc. This continued to be an important factor impacting project viability and bankability. The working paper was sent to the Government of India in December 2017.

Appendix 3 21

36 NRM: Printing of research paper on Impact of Dams on Aquatic Resources KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Dam and aquatic resources Coverage: Nepal Approval date: Sep 2015 Completion date: Jul 2019

The study assessed the operation of selected hydropower and irrigation systems with dams to divert water. The systems included the Kali Gandaki, Marshyangdi, Middle Marshyangdi, Kulekhani, Khimti, and Trishuli hydropower projects, and the Babai irrigation project. The study also reviewed international good practices, particularly in South Asia, on mitigating the impacts on fish while constructing projects with dams on rivers. The study reviewed the result of mitigation and compensatory measures for the protection of fish, measures adopted in past projects that proved to be successful. A fish biodiversity screening checklist was prepared to safeguard future development projects for impacts on fish biodiversity and to design appropriate mitigation measures, depending on the significance of the impact. The study also aimed to prepare a basis for future research on fish biodiversity in the rivers of Nepal to better understand the impacts and formulate appropriate mitigation measures.

Impact of Dams on Fish in the Rivers of Nepal https://www.adb.org/publications/impact-dams-fish-rivers-nepal The diagnostic study, with recommendation for adopting proper mitigation measures, contributed towards the government’s national development objective to attain economic development by exploiting water resources by ensuring environmental integrity and protection of biodiversity, particularly rare and endangered species of fishes. The printing of the research document also contributed to ADB’s objectives on knowledge sharing and ensuring environmental solutions with nature conservation.

37 SLRM: 2010 Input–Output (I–O) tables launch and workshop KRA: Knowledge event Topic: Census statistical tool Coverage: Sri Lanka Approval date: Apr 2016 Completion date: Oct 2017

In 2014, under subproject 2 of TA SRI 7774, ADB supported the Department of Census and Statistics (DCS) to develop I–O tables for Sri Lanka, based on 2006 data. DCS has since updated the tables using 2010 data and planned to hold a workshop to disseminate the findings to academia, research institutions, and government stakeholders, including the National Planning Department. The main activity that was to be funded was a workshop to present the 2010 I–O tables to stakeholders. The workshop was intended to cover the importance of I–O tables for an economy, introduction to supply and use tables (SUT) and symmetric I–O tables (SIOT), transformation of SUT to SIOTs and the use of SIOTs in decision making.

I–O workshop The workshop was successful in creating awareness among participants on the potential use of I–O tables in economic analysis related to the policy issues discussed. The workshop on I–O tables helped build capacity among government agencies to use this tool in policy analysis and to create awareness on the work of DCS with regard to I–O tables. As intended, the workshop created interest among the agencies represented to further build capacity on this topic.

22 Appendix 3

38 SARC: Capturing Innovative Approaches in Second and Third Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation (STWSS) Sector (Video) KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Water supply and sanitation Coverage: Nepal Approval date: Apr 2016 Completion date: Nov 2018

The three ADB-supported small towns projects in Nepal presented a very innovative and successful model of capital cost sharing and ownership of projects by the community. They introduced a participatory financing mechanism for beneficiaries and operation of water supply and sanitation (WSS) services through water user associations. Based on their success, the government replicated this model in their own investment. The first STWSS Special Project, approved in 2000, was rated successful overall (both by the PCR as well as IED's validation report), and helped 29 small towns and 593,000 people gain access to improved water supply services. The second project, approved in 2009, helped cover 21 small towns and 335,246 people with WSS services. Its implementation was on track. The third project and grant will help 26 small towns with their WSS services, and its implementation is also on track.

Video Clean Water Brings Hygiene and Happiness in Nepal's Small Towns https://www.adb.org/news/videos/clean-water-brings-hygiene-and-happiness-nepals-small-towns Video completed and uploaded in ADB.org. Capturing these STWSS models through videos helped develop necessary knowledge on the water supply and sanitation in SARD.

39 Bangladesh Resident Mission (BRM): Bangladesh Development Effectiveness Brief KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Development effectiveness Coverage: Bangladesh Approval date: Jun 2016 Completion date: Dec 2016

The Development Effectiveness Country Brief for Bangladesh was due after the implementation of the BAN CPS 2011– 2015. As planned, BRM was committed to publish the Development Effectiveness Country Brief for Bangladesh 2016 in coordination with SARC. ADB’s contributions to results was presented meaningfully in the country context, as mapped out in its country partnership strategies.

Bangladesh Development Effectiveness Brief https://www.adb.org/publications/bangladesh-development-effectiveness-brief-2017 The final result was the published Bangladesh Development Effectiveness Brief 2016 which was posted on the ADB website and distributed among a wide range of stakeholders. The publication was well received. The Development Effectiveness Country Brief for Bangladesh helped communicate the results of its operations at the country level to shareholders and development partners, including civil society.

40 NRM: Nepal Learning Program for Midlevel Managers KRA: Knowledge event Topic: Results -based public sector management Coverage: Nepal Approval date: Jun 2016 Completion date: May 2018

ADB offered to pilot test a two-week training program under the Regional Technical Assistance Project entitled “Mainstreaming Results-Based Public Sector Management—Supporting the Initiatives of the Asia-Pacific Community of Practice for Managing Development Results.” As this test was evaluated as "good," the Government of Nepal decided to have a follow-on learning program and ADB’s technical support was requested to support its development and implementation. The scope of this follow-on program were (i) training needs assessment (TNA), (ii) competency framework, (iii) revision/redesign of Advanced Course of Management and Development (ACMD) based on TNA outcomes and competency framework, (iv) pilot training of the (revised/redesigned) ACMD.

Training on Advanced Course of Management and Development, 25 officials in the pilot training (i)The ACMD course was redesigned following national and international consultations at different levels. (ii) A competency framework (with clear criteria/benchmarks) for undersecretary level government officials were developed. The government decided to use this framework while recruiting midlevel officials as well as use this in undertaking performance evaluation. This suggested the quality and value of the course output.

Appendix 3 23

41 SAOD/IED: PCR/TCR/DMF Training for South Asia government staff KRA: Knowledge event Topic: PCR, TCR Coverage: India/ Regional Approval date: Jun 2016 Completion date: Apr 2019

The TA was originally intended to fund two workshops (topic may be on the DMF, economic analysis, or PCR/TCR). The target participants were relevant government representatives, preferably comprising officials and technical staff involved in designing, implementing, and/or completing ADB-supported projects. Resource persons and project officers shared their experiences and best practices in preparing reports.

Five workshops/training: 2017 – India and Nepal;2018 – Sri Lanka and India; 2019 – Thailand The achieved outputs exceeded the original target of two workshops; five workshops were conducted from 2017–2019. SAOD closely worked with the RMs and IED on the preparation for and content of the workshop. The RMs provided adequate administrative and coordination support on nominations and workshop venues. The impact of the activity was improved implementation and evaluation of SARD projects. The outcome was improved capacity for project design, monitoring, and evaluation in South Asia.

42 SARC: SASEC Branding and Outreach (branding, video, coffee table book) KRA: Knowledge product Topic: SASEC work Coverage: Regional Approval date: Jun 2016 Completion date: Dec 2019

After 15 years of the SASEC program, the countries decided to step up their cooperation in response to new opportunities that a more vibrant and dynamic Asia can offer. Originally, key outputs of the activity included: (i) branding for SASEC 2025 Vision and operational plan, (ii) commemorative book on 15 years of the SASEC program, (iii) short (7–9 minutes) audiovisual presentation on SASEC high impact projects and (iv) strengthened awareness among SASEC member countries on the key content of the SASEC Vision document and operational plan and the importance of stepped up RCI efforts on SASEC countries’ development efforts.

Photo essays (5) Engagement of photographer for the commemorative book was cancelled. Writer–editor instead prepared photo essays of selected SASEC projects. The SASEC video was completed but was moved under the umbrella of Winds of Change subproject. The SASEC vision document and consultation process were completed and moved under the Development Matters subproject.

43 Environment, Natural Resources, and Agriculture Division (SAER): Agricultural Value Chain KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Agricultural value chain Coverage: Nepal, India Approval date: Jun 2016 Completion date: June 2017

Nepal: The overall objective of this activity was to review the current state of value chain development, especially focusing on the state of value chain post-production infrastructure and produce a knowledge product that can enhance policy, decision making, and program development. India: The objective of this study was to understand the current status of high value agriculture in India in terms of the trends in production, product composition, and demand for such commodities in the context of impact of policies, institutions, and partnerships. Further, assessing what has worked in strengthening high value agriculture and where the gaps enabled one to draw a roadmap for a future course of action. The study also analyzed the role of particular agricultural and food policies, investments, and partnerships, citing specific value chains.

Nepal report and India report The Nepal report included the assessment of value chains of high value commodities, current state of market infrastructure, and the need for public and private investments, key lesson learned from the earlier development projects, key intervention area and way forward. For India, a comprehensive report included key trends and progress made in high value agriculture at the national and state level, policies, institutions and partnerships that have played an important role in the growth of high value agriculture in India, key trends in investments, public spending and subsidies, and flagship programs aimed at achieving a breakthrough in this sector. A national level policy brief was prepared.

24 Appendix 3

44 SAHS: Human and Social Development Videos in BAN KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Skills and employment; Primary health services Coverage: Bangladesh Approval date: Jun 2016 Completion date: Dec 2016

Two 3-minute videos for Bangladesh Urban Primary Health Care Services Delivery Project and Bangladesh Skills for Employment Investment Program were proposed to improve the visibility of the project and their results. The videos were accompanied by one project brief and one project story each.

Two 3-minute videos Health Services for Bangladesh's Urban Poor Video | 9 December 2016 https://www.adb.org/news/videos/health-services-bangladeshs-urban-poor Professional Skills Training for Bangladesh's Youth Video | 4 January 2017 https://www.adb.org/news/videos/professional-skills-training-bangladeshs-youth Project stories, and Project briefs Bangladesh: Skills for Employment Investment Program (project Brief) https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/project-documents/42466/42466-016-dpta-en.pdf Bangladesh: Urban Primary Health Care Services Delivery Project (Project Brief) https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/project-documents/42177/42177-013-dpta-en_0.pdf The final results were satisfactory and served their purpose of documenting and improving visibility of SAHS's human development efforts. The videos were uploaded in the ADB website and featured in the ADB Facebook page. The project briefs and stories were distributed to the executing agencies, government agencies, NGO partners, and cofinanciers.

45 SAHS: ICT in Education Report KRA: Knowledge product Topic: ICT in education Coverage: Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka Approval date: Jan 2017 Completion date: Dec 2017

This objective of the subproject was to publish a stand-alone report on ICT in education in South Asia by consolidating and synthesizing three existing country reports (Bangladesh, Nepal, and Sri Lanka). The published report presented consolidated in-depth analysis of ICT in education in South Asia DMCs and innovative strategies for improving ICT for all levels of education and training.

Innovative Strategies for Accelerated Human Resource Development in South Asia: Information and Communication Technology for Education—Special Focus on Bangladesh, Nepal, and Sri Lanka https://www.adb.org/publications/innovative-strategies-ict-education-bangladesh-nepal-sri-lanka The report “Innovative Strategies for Accelerated Human Resource Development in South Asia: ICT for Education” was launched at the 7th International Skills Forum at ADB HQ; Journal: Leveraging ICT to enhance education equity, quality, and efficiency. Case studies of Bangladesh and Nepal (not published) provided insights into the state of ICT in education and offered strategies to better leverage ICT for the education sector of other countries in South Asia and the region; Journal: ICT for Access to Quality Education in the Global South: A Case Study of Sri Lanka (not published) identified key factors that facilitate or hinder taking up of opportunities

Appendix 3 25

of ICT for access to quality education in Sri Lanka.

46 SARC: Preparatory Work for the Preparation of Conceptual Development Plan for Phase 3 of East Coast Economic Corridor (ECEC) — linked to RCI-SP46 KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Economic corridor development Coverage: India Approval date: Jan 2017 Completion date: Apr 2019

The ECEC was one of the major economic corridors being developed across India. It aimed to help achieve the strategic objectives of the "Make in India" initiative by increasing the manufacturing share of gross domestic product and creating jobs. The first phase of the ECEC was the Vizag–Chennai industrial corridor. This project focused on phase 3 of the ECEC specifically on the development of Odisha economic corridor. The study covered a detailed industry analysis of potential sectors in the region, and identified sectors where the two states can join regional and global production networks.

Odisha Economic Corridor Comprehensive development plan Chapter 6 report The urban section of the comprehensive development of Odisha economic corridor provided information on the gaps and opportunities for urban development in the industrial nodes.

47 SAOD-PR — Development of Gender Equality and Social Inclusion (GESI) Knowledge Products KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Gender equality Coverage: Regional Approval date: Mar 2017 Completion date: May 2019

In response to its gender equality and social inclusion (GESI) mainstreaming strategy development needs (specifically,the decreased number of gender equity as a theme (GEN) / effective gender mainstreaming (EGM) projects in 2016), SARD engaged a GESI specialist to develop two knowledge products in line with the second output (knowledge products providing in-depth, relevant, and timely assessments, policy proposals, and recommendations) of the DMF of R-CDTA 7997.

Two working paper ( printed under another TA): Scaling-Up ADB’s Approaches for Achieving Gender Equality in Non-Traditional Sectors in South Asia; and Guidance note on engaging CSOs in SARD operations. The first working paper is entitled, “Scaling-Up ADB’s Approaches for Achieving Gender Equality in Non-Traditional Sectors in South Asia,” covered a total of 78 projects of seven subsectors in four sectors with the expected lowest number of GEN/EGM projects in the SARD portfolio. The second working paper was a guidance note on engaging CSOs in SARD operations.

48 SAPF: Video on Grants 0305/0306 NEP: Strengthening Public Management Program (SPMP) KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Public management program Coverage: Nepal Approval date: Jul 2017 Completion date: Jul 2018

This activity was for the production of a documentary video on Grants 0305/0306 NEP: Strengthening Public Management Program. The primary objective of the video was to generate public awareness of and highlight some of the major policy reforms initiated under the SPMP. These included (i) e-government procurement; (ii) municipal administration revenue system; (iii) subnational public expenditure and financial accountability assessment; (iv) public expenditure tracking survey (PETS); and (v) village development committee accounting system, among others.

Videos: 3 min version, 8 min version, and 12 min version Better Governance Eases Nepal’s Transition to Federalism – 3-minute video: https://www.adb.org/news/videos/better-governance-eases-nepal-s-transition-federalism Strengthening Governance and Public Financial Management in Nepal – 12 minute video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SO8XYYLQQlg&feature=youtu.be SASS 207: Governance and Public Financial Management in Nepal Leveraging Governance for Institution Building: Lessons in Nepal – Blog: https://blogs.adb.org/blog/leveraging-governance-institution-building-lessons-nepal) (i) The 8-minute video was shown on 1 March 2018 during the project completion report presentation of the SPMP to the executing and implementing agencies, and development partners, and was well accepted by all. (ii)The 3-minute video was

26 Appendix 3

uploaded in the ADB website, and has more than 200,000 views in Facebook as of April 2020. (iii) The 12-minute video was featured on 7 August 2018 in Nepal during a South Asia Seminar Series presentation on Improvements on Governance and Public Financial Management. This was also uploaded in YouTube under the Governance Thematic Group Knowledge Asia channel and has been featured in the ADB blog “Leveraging Governance for Institution Building: Lessons in Nepal” published on 6 November 2018. The videos raised public awareness and highlighted some of the major policy reforms initiated under the SPMP.

49 SAHS: Knowledge Sharing on Addressing South Asia Regional Challenges on Improving Education Quality KRA: Knowledge product/event Topic: Education quality Coverage: Bangladesh, Sri Lanka Approval date: Sep 2017 Completion date: Dec 2018

ADB has been supporting the education sector in South Asia, and measures to improve quality of education need to be explored further through sharing knowledge. South Asian countries have a lot to share on these subjects for regional cooperation and learning to make a dent on improving education quality. In Bangladesh, under a series of general education programs, development partners piloted several activities to improve classroom-based learning. ADB also completed piloting MathCloud in Bhutan. Open Learning Exchange Nepal also pioneered the use of technology in schools for quality education. Sri Lanka introduced technology stream in advanced level to prepare for the future. These are some of the examples which can be shared with other South Asia DMCs.

The Classroom Assessment Scoring System as a Measure of Effective Teaching to Address the Learning Crisis – Project Brief https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/432296/adb-brief-92-classroom-assessment-scoring-system.pdf Tracer Study: Sri Lanka Public training Institutions in 2016 https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/479096/sri-lanka-public-training-institutions-2016.pdf In Bangladesh, a knowledge-sharing workshop on Improving Education Quality – Support for Teaching Activities and Teacher Assessment was organized and an ADB Brief: The Classroom Assessment Scoring System as a Measure of Effective Teaching to Address the Learning Crisis was published. In Sri Lanka, the South Asia Regional Symposium on ICT for Education was organized in February 2018 with collaboration with UNESCO Bangkok. The ICT report was prepared and shared with participants and UNESCO Bangkok network. The Sri Lanka tracer study was also prepared as an ADB technical study and published in the ADB website. These publications provided knowledge on ways to improve quality of education in South Asia.

Appendix 3 27

50 SATC/SAOD-PR: Bangladesh Railways and Asian Development Bank KP on the Longstanding Partnership KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Railways, partnership with ADB Coverage: Bangladesh Approval date: Sep 2017 Completion date: Feb 2019

The 8-minute video was used by SATC to profile work of the division in relation to relevant government partners in Bangladesh and other development partners, while the 3-minute video was uploaded on the ADB website to reach out to other DMCs, private developers, media, academia, NGOs, etc. An outline of the 8-minute video was discussed with Bangladesh Railways and was proposed to prepare a KP featuring ADB’s longstanding partnership with Bangladesh Railways, which provided a brief overview of recent reforms; corporate commitment to social/gender and development elements; regional cooperation and contribution to enhanced connectivity within SASEC and Trans Asia Railways Network and other regional aspects; and ADB's ability to leverage other development partners' support and way forward.

Videos: 8-min. version; and 3-min. version Powering the Engines of Economic Growth in Bangladesh https://www.adb.org/news/videos/powering-engines-economic-growth-bangladesh The quality of the videos was high and these videos were well-appreciated. The 8-minute video was shown to public during the Transport Forum 2019 hosted by ADB, where more than 2,000 people attended. The 3-minute video was posted on the web to disseminate the long partnership and ADB’s contribution to the country.

51 SLRM: Dissemination of Gender Equality Diagnostic of Selected Sectors (GEDSS) and Documentation of Impact Stories KRA: Knowledge product/event Topic: Gender equality Coverage: Sri Lanka Approval date: Sep 2017 Completion date: May 2019

The key activities of this exercise included: (i) dissemination of the translated GEDSS, (ii) training of executing and implementing agencies on gender mainstreaming and on responding to challenges set forth by the GEDSS, and (iii) documentation of impact stories on gender equality and empowering women.

Sinhala and Tamil translations of GEDSS; Gender equality and women’s empowerment training manual; 29 trainings conducted for the project implementers and sector experts in three selected sectors: transport, water and sanitation, and skills development. There were 1,209 participants. Key activities and documentation were completed as per TOR, and contributed to the capacity building on gender and equality agenda prioritized under the Country Partnership Strategy 2017–2021.

52 BRM: Dissemination of the Gender Equality Diagnostic of Selected Sectors (GEDSS) KRA: Knowledge product/event Topic: Gender equality Coverage: Bangladesh Approval date: Jan 2018 Completion date: Mar 2019

The Bangladesh Gender Equality Diagnostic of Selected Sectors (GEDSS) was published and launched in early 2018. Its purpose was to assist ADB, government, and development partners to identify modalities to incorporate approaches for gender equality and empowerment of women into selected sectors, namely, education, energy, transport, and urban development. Effective sharing of this body of knowledge to executive and implementing agencies spread across 64 districts, required additional training and capacity building.

Six regional consultation workshops and four Dhaka-based consultation workshops The 10 workshops with executing and implementing agencies on gender mainstreaming and on responding to challenges set forth by the GEDSS, were especially useful for a clearer understanding on how to integrate gender into specific sectors at the implementation level and the sharing of knowledge across sectors helped identify common issues and propose effective solutions for the sectors.

53 INRM: Study on Developing an Institutional and Governance Framework for Ease of Doing Business with respect to Micro, Medium, and Small-scale Enterprises (MSMEs) along the Tamil Nadu Industrial Corridor KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Governance, MSME Coverage: India Approval date: Jan 2018

The study supported the development of institutional and governance frameworks for ease of doing business with respect to MSMEs along the Tamil Nadu Industrial Corridor. The follow-on support, as requested by the state government was to: (i) study the existing institutional and regulatory framework pertaining to MSME department for providing clearances to enterprises, (ii) assess the operational issues faced by MSMEs at the district level, and (iii) undertake a strategy for the MSME department to automate the current process

Process interventions and Institution related interventions: Investment Climate Improvement in East Coast Economic Corridor of India: Governance and Institutional Reforms Support to the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises Department, Government of Tamil Nadu https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/465981/adb-brief-096-investment-climate-msmes-tamil-nadu.pdf

28 Appendix 3

Completion date: Jun 2018 adopted for processing applications in the

District Industries Centre (DIC) to an

online process in line with Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP) guidelines.

The study supported the following key reforms: (i) process interventions such as simplification of MSME forms, automation of submission of forms, standardization of certificate templates, fee structure mapping, and timebound decisions on applications; (ii) institution-related interventions such as processing of investor applications according to the defined checklist.

54 SAHS: Editing and Translation of ADB South Asia Working Paper on Closing the Financing Gap in Asian Infrastructure KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Financing gap in infrastructure Coverage: Regional Approval date: Feb 2018 Completion date: Dec 2018

A Japanese publisher requested SAHS to contribute a book chapter as part of One Asia Project. The requested theme of the paper was infrastructure financing gap in Asia, and SAHS prepared an ADB South Asia working paper in English. The book was to be used as an undergraduate textbook in Japan, and the working paper ha to be translated into Japanese for submission to the Japanese publisher.

Translated paper into Japanese version: SAWP57: Closing the Financing Gap in Asian Infrastructure https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/431261/swp-057-financing-gap-asian-infrastructure.pdf The Japanese textbook was published in 2018 and included the translated manuscript as a chapter on financing gap in infrastructure in Asia.

55 SLRM: Labor Supply and Demand in Sri Lanka KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Labor demand and supply Coverage: Sri Lanka Approval date: Feb 2018 Completion date: Dec 2019

The National Planning Department of Sri Lanka requested ADB’s assistance to conduct a comprehensive study of the labor demand and supply and provide recommendations to guide policy formulation to address the mismatch between labor demand and supply. It was proposed to utilize available data and information, including the data generated by the Labor Demand Survey, and conduct a comprehensive study on the labor demand and supply in identified sectors.

Skills Gaps in Two Manufacturing Subsectors in Sri Lanka: Food and Beverages, and Electronics and Electricals https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/543046/skills-gaps-two-manufacturing-subsectors-sri-lanka.pdf The final report responded to the requirement of the government and the skills development sector. The report was well received by the government.

57 SARC: Nepal Customs History Book KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Customs history Coverage: Nepal Approval date: Oct 2018 Completion date: Jan 2019

The subproject proposed to produce Nepal Customs history book to be published as a government publication. The book was published both in Nepali and English versions, were launched in January 2019 at the International Customs Day.

History of Nepal Customs https://www.customs.gov.np/en/publications.html The Nepal Customs history book summarized historical events leading to the development of Nepal Customs and ADB’s support since 1996. The Nepali version was prepared and launched at the International Customs Day. Dissemination of the book raised awareness of Customs reform work and ADB contribution among senior government officials.

Appendix 3 29

58 BRM: Consultancy for BAN Economic Corridor Development KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Economic corridor development Coverage: Bangladesh Approval date: Nov 2018 Completion date: Aug 2019

The proposed study was planned to support the Government of Bangladesh in implementing economic corridor projects through the establishment of a dedicated economic corridor development and management authority.

Consultant report The full assessment and findings of the study were presented to the Bangladesh Investment Development Authority (BIDA) in a closed session and the key findings were presented to a wider range of stakeholders during the inception workshop for the Northeast Bangladesh Economic Corridor NEBEC development study. Based on the recommendations, the Government of Bangladesh and BIDA is considering the institutional set up for the economic corridor development and management.

59 SAPF: Video on Loan 2867/Grant 0290-MLD: Inclusive Micro, Small, and Medium-sized Enterprise Development (IMSMED) Project KRA: Knowledge product Topic: MSME development Coverage: Maldives Approval date: Feb 2019 Completion date: May 2019

The IMSMED project had three main components: (i) building of business support infrastructure, (ii) improving access to finance, and (iii) establishing of technologies for MSME development. The objective of the video was to generate public awareness on the project’s economic inclusion aspect, specifically through its efforts on effective gender mainstreaming and in supporting MSME development.

Empowering Small Businesses in Maldives https://www.adb.org/news/videos/empowering-small-businesses-maldives The 3-minute video highlighted MSME beneficiaries, particularly the women under the credit line facility and the business service centers under the project. In a 2-week period, the video generated 59,000+ views on ADB’s Facebook page.

60 SAPF: Assessment of Capital Market Development Program (CMDP) in Bangladesh KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Capital market development Coverage: Bangladesh Approval date: Feb 2019 Completion date: Dec 2019

The comprehensive market study was intended to evaluate the impact of ADB’s interventions and update the consultant’s report under TA 8994-BAN: Supporting the Third Capital Market Development and provide analysis for areas that have not been sufficiently covered in previous studies, such as supply-side measures. This updated assessment will be used for ADB’s future and ongoing policy dialogues with the government and private stakeholders, to discuss the next phase of ADB intervention to further accelerate the market growth after CMDP3.

Bangladesh Capital Market Development (unpublished report) The consultant’s report needed to be completely overhauled by ADB staff before publication as an ADB knowledge product although the information provided in the consultant’s report was satisfactory. Lessons learned from other international precedents could have strengthened the report to propose a long-term vision for the Bangladesh capital market.

62 SARC: Scoping Study of Solar Ice Solution in Outer Atoll Islands in Maldives KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Solar ice solution Coverage: Maldives Approval date: Aug 2019 Completion date: Dec 2019

The study was conducted to identify scope of the solar ice solution to selected islands in Maldives. A smart grid specialist simulated optimal system design of the combination between solar photovoltaic (PV) and ice making machine based on the demand and supply data of the selected islands. The study comprehensively covered the review of the previous project of Dhiffushi Solar Ice project and simulation results for two islands. The government will take advantage of the findings for the additional financing to the Preparing Outer Islands for Sustainable Energy Development Project.

Exploratory report in a hybrid system combining ice making facility with photovoltaic system in the atoll of Maldives (consultant report) The result of the simulation work was well received by the Government of Maldives. The government will utilize the result for future projects. In addition, SARC will mobilize the same consultant as resource person for further simulation work on the island left out of the three which was initially targeted.

30 Appendix 3

63 SARC: Study to Simulate and Identify Transport and Economic Corridors in SASEC Countries KRA: Knowledge product Topic: transport, economic corridors in SASEC Coverage: Regional Approval date: Dec 2019 Completion date: Dec 2019

The study simulated transport demand of SASEC road corridors using geographic simulation model.

Consultant report The simulation results confirmed future transport demand in the SASEC road corridors.

RCIF FUNDED KM ACTIVITIES

RCI 1 SARC: RCI Publications KRA: Knowledge products Topic: Trade and transport facilitation; national single window Coverage: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Maldives, Nepal Approval date: Aug 2017 Completion date: Dec 2019

RCI-related reports on trade, transport and national single window were identified for publication.

Trade and Transport Facilitation and Mechanism in Bangladesh: Baseline Study https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/317486/trade-transport-facilitation-bangladesh.pdf Trade and Transport Facilitation and Mechanism in Bhutan: Baseline Study https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/360116/trade-transport-facilitation-bhutan.pdf Trade and Transport Facilitation and Mechanism in Nepal: Baseline Study https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/389061/transport-trade-facilitation-nepal-study.pdf Road Map for the National Single Window in Maldives https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/456451/maldives-national-single-window-road-map.pdf The reports provided key knowledge on trade and transport facilitation in South Asia.

RCI 2 SARC: Southwest Bangladesh Economic Corridor (SWBEC) KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Economic corridor development Coverage: Bangladesh Approval date: Aug 2017 Completion date: Mar 2019

The economic corridor alignment in Bangladesh was proposed to be developed in two phases. In Phase 1, the development of the SWBEC, key economic hubs in the southwest region of Bangladesh, will be connected to Dhaka, possibly including the districts and sub-districts of Payra, Mongla, Khulna, Jessore, Benapole, Faridpur, and Noapara. In Phase 2, the corridor will be extended to the Sylhet district, which lies in northeast Bangladesh. The activity was planned to provide inputs to the Comprehensive Development Plan (CDP) for SWBEC, disseminate the findings and recommendation of the CDP, and produce relevant knowledge products for economic corridor development in Bangladesh.

SWBEC consultant report The industrial assessment supported by the activity was one of the key components of the CDP, highlighting the possibility of additional output and employment generation through the identified industries. The final dissemination workshop was held on 12 December 2017, with more than 145 participants from the private sector, government officials, academia, and media. Follow-up researches provided inputs for two additional knowledge products—“Developing the Leather Industry in Bangladesh” and “Realizing the Potential of Bangladesh through Economic Corridor Development.”

Appendix 3 31

46 (RCIF)

SARC: Preparatory Work for the Preparation of Conceptual Development Plan for Phase 3 of East Coast Economic Corridor, RCIF linked to SP 46 KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Economic corridor Coverage: India Approval date: Jan 2017 Completion date: April 2019

Same description as in SP 46; portion of the consultant work used RCIF

Odisha Economic Corridor Comprehensive development plan Chapter 6 report

RCI 3 SARC: Colombo–Trincomalee Economic Corridor (CTEC) work KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Economic corridor Coverage: Sri Lanka Approval date: Oct 2017 Completion date: May 2018

The activity supported the preparation of a comprehensive development plan (CDP) for the CTEC in Sri Lanka. The CTEC was envisioned to revive manufacturing, create jobs, and boost trade especially in economically lagging regions. It was expected to contribute to achieving the government’s aim to improve export performance with emphasis on increasing trade linkage to India and creating one million jobs. The CDP was submitted to the government on April 2018.

CTEC Chapter 5 Urban Development (unpublished) The report served as critical inputs in the transport and urban section of the Comprehensive Development Plan of the CTEC. The comprehensive development plan was disseminated in a workshop on 6 April 2018 attended by high-level government officials.

RCI 4 SATC: SASEC Dhaka–Northwest Corridor Road Project Phase 2 KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Road connectivity, road safety Coverage: Regional Approval date: Feb 2018 Completion date: March 2018

In November 2012, ADB approved a loan of $198 million to Bangladesh for the SASEC Road Connectivity Project. However, there were significant cost overruns in the project, to the extent of approximately $150 million (2017) on a base cost of $345 million (2012). This was due to the following reasons: (i) depreciation of the special drawing rights relative to the US dollar, (ii) road safety and gender-responsive features were further strengthened, and (iii) actual contract prices are about $82.4 million higher than the engineer’s estimates. To avoid such a situation in present and future projects, ADB engaged a consultant who reviewed and revised the reports as necessary, scrutinized cost–benefit assessments, and built capacity of the concerned executing agency officers on the softer aspects of road project, including road safety as well as cost–benefit analysis.

Verification of Design, Appropriateness of Cost, and Road Safety Audit Report (unpublished report); and a workshop The study undertook a technical due diligence of the project design changes during project preparation (feasibility study and detailed design) and implementation stages of the SASEC Road Connectivity Project, in terms of rationale of changes, and validated whether the final design and specification meet the intended outcome; conduct price analysis to check whether the prices for major items were fair and reasonable; and prepare cost analysis to assess direct and indirect costs leading to the overrun. The final study summarized the findings, mitigative measures, lessons learned, and recommended actions. A post study workshop was held to sensitize executing agency and the government officials on the study outputs. The recommended mitigation measures to the cost overrun issues were discussed during the study and presented in the workshop.

RCI 6 SARC: Refining BIMSTEC Master Plan for Transport Connectivity KRA: Knowledge product Topic: transport Connectivity, BIMSTEC Coverage: Regional Approval date: Nov 2018 Completion date: Dec 2019

The activity/event originally proposed was to finalize the BIMSTEC Master Plan for Transport Connectivity (Master Plan), and to support the holding of the 3rd BIMSTEC Transport Connectivity Working Group meeting (BTCWG) to endorse the Master Plan.

Final draft of Master Plan for Transport Connectivity in the BIMSTEC Region (long and short version) The final draft of the master plan was prepared and submitted by ADB to BIMSTEC Secretariat and the member states, however, it was not adopted and published yet because the 3rd BTCWG, mandated to endorse the master plan, was postponed by India, the host country of the meeting and lead country for transport

32 Appendix 3

sector in BIMSTEC. Hence, the subproject objective was partially achieved.

RCI 7 SARC: Scoping Study of Blockchain Application for Trade Facilitation KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Blockchain for trade facilitation Coverage: Maldives Approval date: Nov 2018 Completion date: Dec 2019

The Scoping Study of Blockchain Application for Trade Facilitation aimed to identify potential use cases for the pilot testing of blockchain application to international trade in Maldives. Two consultants were recruited for the study who conducted a series of workshops and consultation meetings with local stakeholders including cross-border regulatory agencies to understand business processes in international trade in Maldives and identify existing pain points to be addressed by blockchain-based solution.

Blockchain for International Trade – (unpublished report) SASS 213: Possible Application of Blockchain Technology to International Trade in Maldives The consultants had a presentation at a SASS in ADB HQ to disseminate the knowledge to ADB staff. The final report of the study comprehensively assessed the scope of the blockchain application to international trade in Maldives. The final report identified scope and use cases of the pilot test which will be conducted under TRTA 9739.

RCI 8 SARC: Publication – Trade Facilitation in SASEC KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Trade Facilitation in SASEC Coverage: Regional Approval date: Feb 2019 Completion date: Dec 2019

The book was prepared to examine the state of trade facilitation in member countries of the SASEC program. It also included a comparison of the status of trade facilitation across the SASEC subregion as well as at the economy level with relevant comparators from Asia and the Pacific. The book had an in-depth view of individual country performances both in terms of current status and challenges faced on a domestic level, as well as priorities in terms of improving border procedures as part of the TFA implementation process and/ or to support the domestic trade facilitation agenda. To buttress the case for trade facilitation, the book provided a discussion of the expected development impact from improved trade facilitation for SASEC member countries.

Borders without Barriers: Facilitating Trade in SASEC Countries https://www.adb.org/publications/borders-without-barriers-facilitating-trade-sasec The concepts included in the book have been used in strengthening economic rationale of trade facilitation projects in Maldives and Nepal and will continue to provide such rationale for future trade facilitation projects in SARD countries. The country-level studies identified priorities for trade facilitation which provides an avenue for policy dialogue with the government. The key beneficiaries of the knowledge product will be customs departments and other policymakers in SASEC countries, national trade facilitation committees, development partners, and researchers.

RCI 9 SARC: Analysis of Economic Impact of Improved Connectivity in Nepal KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Economic impact on connectivity Coverage: Nepal Approval date: Feb 2019 Completion date: Dec 2019

The subproject was proposed to simulate economic impact from improved connectivity in Nepal using the Geographical Simulation Model developed by the Institute of Developing Economies. Activities include (i) updating Nepal database to subnational regions consistent with seven provinces under federal system, (ii) undertake simulation of economic impact based on scenarios, and (iii) prepare report summarizing the outcome of the simulation.

Consultant Report Travel to Nepal ensured quality of the updated Nepal database. Simulation results were comprehensive and useful for ADB’s future policy discussion with the government. The study obtained interesting simulation results which were useful for ADB policy discussion of regional connectivity investment. ADB staff and staff consultant are working on upgrading the consultant report to a SAWP for wider dissemination.

Appendix 3 33

RCI 10 SAHS: 8th ADB International Skills Forum in 2019 KRA: Knowledge event Topic: Education and skills Coverage: Regional Approval date: Feb 2019 Completion date: Dec 2019

The ADB Education Sector Group in SDCC led the organization of the 8th International Skills Forum flagship event in 27–29 August 2019 with the cooperation of regional departments including SARD. ADB is the implementing agency for the forum. The overall event is managed by Education Sector Group in SDCC and a report was also to be prepared and funded by SDCC. SAHS took a leading role to organize the South Asia Regional Session as part of the International Skills Forum. The event funded the participation of some government officials from Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal and Sri Lanka. These are the countries in South Asia where ADB education and skills development portfolio is active.

Participation of government officials from South Asia. One of the portions of the 8th ADB International Skills Forum is the South Asia Regional Group Meeting This meeting presented an opportunity to regional participants to share their experiences with ADB-funded projects, exchange innovative ideas and transformational practices in education and training, and explore potential avenues to incorporate new approaches in future and ongoing projects. This meeting also offered participants the opportunity to reflect on ideas shared during sessions in the broader Skills Forum and their feasibility for adoption in South Asia member countries.

Subprojects determined by management (No PSC [NP] approval)

NP1 SARC: SARD Economists Conference (SEC) (2012) KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Economics work Coverage: Regional Approval date: 2012 Completion date: Dec 2019

The SARD Economists’ Conference (SEC) was launched in 2004 to discuss economic issues of concern to the region as a whole, and to individual South Asian countries. The conference had contributed to a key result area of the KM portfolio at SARD—that of enhancing research, economic analysis, and DMC interactions.

SEC 2012 was funded by RETA 7997. Succeeding SECs were funded by other fund sources. SASS presentations

NP2 SARC: GNHC Training on Results-Based Management (RBM) and Project Management Workshop KRA: Knowledge event Topic: Results-based project management Coverage: Bhutan Approval date: Jun 2013 Completion date: Feb 2014

This training program was proposed for 15 Gross National Happiness Commission officials (HQ and district level) to be trained on results-based management and project management. In brief the activity touched on all aspects of RBM and project management, theoretical concepts, approaches, tools and practical applied examples.

Results-Based Management and Project Management Workshop All the participants were able to articulate RBM and project management concepts, approaches, tools better and were able to train others as well. The training program was conducted successfully as proposed.

NP3 SARC: Developing South Asia-Learning and Insights (SSLS -1) KRA: Knowledge product Topic: South–South learning, various sectors Coverage: Regional Approval date: Nov 2012 Completion date: Jun 2013

The book showcased eight projects in various sectors across six South Asian countries which delivered exemplary and significant results in their implementation.

Developing South Asia-Learning and Insights https://www.adb.org/publications/developing-south-asia-lessons-and-insights The publication was launched and uploaded in ADB.org. The book highlighted successful projects in South Asia.

34 Appendix 3

NP4 INRM: Department of Economic Affairs (DEA) Forum: Sharing India's Experience in Supporting Public–Private Partnerships (PPP) KRA: Knowledge event Topic: PPP Coverage: India Approval date: Feb 2014 Completion date: Feb 2014

The forum served as a platform in sharing the various initiatives that the Government of India and DEA have established and successfully championed in the last decade. The forum was also an opportunity to pause and brainstorm on how to effectively overcome the current international and country challenges with respect to PPP.

Forum: Sharing India's Experience in Supporting Public–Private Partnerships The Forum was very successful in sharing the Indian experience, and its achievements in promoting PPPs. The extensive participation and the discussions which followed the presentation were useful in generating feedback for enhancing the agenda.

NP5 SARC: Eminent Speaker Forum: Bhutan’s Economic vision – Prosperity for All (HPM Visit) KRA: Knowledge event Topic: Economic vision Coverage: Bhutan Approval date: Sep 2014 Completion date: Sep 2014

The Forum was a knowledge sharing platform for the Royal Government of Bhutan (RGoB) to discuss and share with ADB staff the country’s experiences on developing, planning, and implementing its economic vision and various development initiatives. The Forum was an opportunity for ADB staff to interact with the head of the RGoB and other key government officers and representatives, and brainstorm on how to effectively overcome current regional and national development challenges.

Eminent Speaker Forum: Bhutan’s Economic vision – Prosperity for All His Excellency Tshering Tobgay, Prime Minister of Bhutan delivered a talk which covered poverty reduction and improving the living conditions of Bhutanese people. He also shared Bhutan’s development philosophy based on Gross National Happiness which hinged on four pillars: inclusive and sustainable economic growth; preservation of environment, preservation and promotion of culture and; good governance.

NP6 SAEN: Flagship Publication on Energy (published as working papers) KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Energy Coverage: Regional Approval date: 2012 Completion date: Oct 2016

Book chapter manuscripts relating to energy were re-written as working papers.

Improving Regulatory Environment for a Regional Power Market in South Asia https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/190221/sawp-045.pdf Improving Energy Efficiency in South Asia https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/200651/sawp-047.pdf The working papers were key knowledge products on the energy sector within South Asia.

NP7 SAUW: Flagship Publication – Urban Gearing up for Competitiveness: The Role of Planning, Finance, and Governance in Small and Medium-Sized Towns in South Asia KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Planning, finance, governance in SMEs Coverage: Regional Approval date: Dec 2012 Completion date: Sep 2016

This study that was published as a book focused on the role of local government in increasing competitiveness through planning, governance, and finance, particularly in small to medium-sized cities in South Asia. The study sought to initiate a more systematic thinking specifically on the role of planning, governance, and finance to overcome challenges of urbanization and drive city competitiveness in small to medium-sized cities. The book served as a reference for project team leaders seeking to have greater impact on the economy through urban sector project design and capacity support.

Gearing Up for Competitiveness: The Role of Planning, Governance, and Finance in Small and Medium-sized Cities in South Asia https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/190648/gearing-competitiveness.pdf Six city-level reports were prepared but only four were included in the final product due to difficulty in securing required approvals from the Government of India. Local government and stakeholders were included during the process of analysis and data collection. The knowledge product was prepared to guide ADB technical assistance and project preparation in the urban sector with a focus on the role of local government to increase city competitiveness.

Appendix 3 35

NP8 South–South Learning 2: Learning from Policy Initiatives: Case Study of the Bhutan Health Trust Fund KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Health policy Coverage: Bhutan Approval date: Jan 2015 Completion date: Jan 2016

Health policy of Bhutan was written as a SARC chapter contribution.

Learning from Policy Initiatives — Case Study of the Bhutan Health Trust Fund

NP9 SARC: BAN-Service Delivery and Governance Initiatives / BHU 20th by 2020 (reprint) KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Governance Coverage: Bangladesh Approval date: Sep 2014 Completion date: Dec 2018

Draft manuscript prepared; needed data updating and government clearance.

e-Governance for Service Delivery Transformation: Bangladesh (unpublished)

NP10 SARC: Various Working Papers KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Various Coverage: Various Approval date: 2012 Completion date: Dec 2019

Administrative budget was provided for printing of various reports.

SAWP list The working papers covered various topical issues in South Asia.

NP13 SATC: KM work KRA: Knowledge event Topic: Economic analysis processes Coverage: India, Nepal Approval date: Jan 2016 Completion date: Nov 2018

In ADB-financed transport projects, the executing agencies (EAs) prepare detailed project reports (DPRs) that are the basis for project appraisal, advance actions, and approval. In most cases, however, the DPRs are deficient in various aspects such as economic analysis, social and environmental safeguards, safety, procurement packaging, and documentation. This led to delays in project approval, low readiness, and delayed benefits to the users. One way to address this shortfall in capacity is by way of PPTAs —where the DPRs prepared by EAs are supplemented and strengthened as required to meet ADB’s appraisal requirements. However, PPTAs do not leave behind residual capacity with the EAs. If the specific areas mentioned above were tackled through capacity building under a ‘hand-holding’ format on specific projects, then the effects of the intervention may be longer lasting. Activities envisaged under this RETA are based on this premise. Focused training was given to EAs and consultants working with the EAs in preparing the DPRs.

Focused training on economic analysis for road projects Madhya Pradesh District Roads II and Nepal SASEC Roads Improvement Project The main activities included the review of economic analysis process adopted by the road agency: (i) assist the road agency in estimating/updating parameters used in road project economic analysis; (ii) assist in aligning the road agency economic analysis process in line with ADB economic analysis process; (iii) develop road agency and national consultant, capacity in project economic analysis; and (iv) develop awareness on sustainable road maintenance funding and examine long term sustainability of project investments.

36 Appendix 3

NP14 SARC: Development Matters ( KRA: Knowledge event Topic: SASEC vision Coverage: Regional Approval date: Jan 2016 Completion date: Dec 2017

As a secretariat, ADB in collaboration with SASEC member countries, formulated an overarching framework of SASEC’s long-term strategy, SASEC Vision, and a list of the future assistance pipeline projects for subregional cooperation in South Asia, SASEC Operational Plan through national consultations. The objective was to have a more coherent planning and implementation of complementary national and regional initiatives as well as strategy and operational plan, that will contribute better to the subregion’s wider integration agenda. The Vision synergized national and regional actions toward common aspirations and provides clear guidance to the SASEC countries in prioritizing and programming regional projects. ADB recruited individual consultants to prepare the SASEC Vision document. ADB also organized national consultation workshops in all member countries and invited officials from line ministries and representatives from private sector to discuss the potential of subregional cooperation.

SASEC Vision: Powering Asia in the 21st Century https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/233646/sasec-powering-asia.pdf Member countries launched the SASEC Vision document, which included six flagship initiatives, at the Finance Ministerial Meeting held in April 2017 in New Delhi, India. Prior to that, member countries endorsed in the SASEC Operational Plan at the Transport and Trade Facilitation Working Group Meeting held in November 2016 in Tokyo, Japan. SASEC member countries have now established a long-term strategic framework for subregional cooperation and started to discuss how to materialize flagship initiatives listed in SASEC Vision document supported by ADB. The SASEC Operational Plan was shared with other development partners, the World Bank, and JICA, and the potential collaboration is under consideration.

NP15 SARC: EROs Project communications activities KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Various Coverage: Various Approval date: June 2016 Completion date: Dec 2019

Minimal administrative fund was provided to facilitate writing of blogs and other project communications-related activities. Some subprojects funded by the TA had blogs written by subproject officers.

Blogs in ADB.org (i) https://blogs.adb.org/blog/india-

infrastructure-connecting-bihar (ii)https://blogs.adb.org/blog/sasec-s-new-

vision-transform-subregion (iii)https://blogs.adb.org/blog/health-solutions-work-indian-slums (iv)https://blogs.adb.org/blog/indian-state-pilot-cashless-accident-trauma-insurance

(v)https://www.adb.org/results/lighting-lives (vi)https://blogs.adb.org/blog/migration-and-

remittances-can-speed-asia-s-development-here-s-how

(vii)https://blogs.adb.org/blog/leveraging-governance-institution-building-lessons-nepal

(viii)https://blogs.adb.org/blog/let-s-make-it-easier-countries-trade

NP16 SARC: ADBI and Partnership – WS on International Standards and Convention Relating to Temporary Admissions KRA: Knowledge event/ partnership Topic: Standards and convention on temporary admission of goods and vehicles; trade Coverage: Regional Approval date: June 2016

ADB in collaboration with ADB Institute conducted the workshop on 22–23 September 2016 in New Delhi, India. The workshop sought to facilitate trade in SASEC countries and promote standardization and harmonization of formalities associated with temporary admission of goods and vehicles. The workshop also discussed building the capacity of SASEC customs administrations and related agencies on the scope and coverage of relevant international conventions governing temporary import goods and vehicles into a Customs territory with relief from duties and taxes, including the required processes and applications.

Workshop SASEC officials from respective Customs administrations, Ministries of Transport, and Ministries of Commerce participated. The SASEC countries unanimously agreed that the temporary admission of goods, vehicles, and containers was a high priority area where more knowledge is required. ADB initiated partnership activities with the International Chamber of Commerce which would provide technical support to three SASEC countries that expressed interest in the accession to the Istanbul Convention and ATA Carnet System.

Appendix 3 37

NP20 SAPF: Developing Financial Sector Knowledge in South Asia KRA: Knowledge event/product Topic: Financial sector Coverage: Regional Approval date: Feb 2017 Completion date: June 2018

The subproject envisaged seminars on digital payment systems, mobile money services, and agent banking to be held in ADB HQ as well as in three SARD DMCs (Bangladesh, Nepal, and Sri Lanka). A joint ADB–World Bank publication on Remittances for Development in Asia was produced followed by a knowledge dissemination event. These seminars were relevant to SAPF’s future operational work, and the knowledge-dissemination event was essential to improve knowledge and create awareness among the DMC stakeholders.

Seminars on digital payment systems, mobile money services and agent banking held in Kathmandu, Nepal (25 July 2017), ADB Headquarters, Manila (27 July 2017), Colombo, Sri Lanka (12 September 2017), and Dhaka, Bangladesh (23 January 2018). Fintelekt homepage: http://fintelekt.com/files/documents/Fintelekt-ADB-Seminar.pdf Blog: https://blogs.adb.org/blog/migration-and-remittances-can-speed-asia-s-development-here-s-how. ADBI recently made a 2-minute video on remittances (with inputs from SAPF): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PdxjdT4iHBc&index Migration and Remittances for Development in Asia https://www.adb.org/publications/migration-remittances-developing-asia The seminars helped improve knowledge and created awareness among DMC stakeholders on the enhanced use of financial services innovation for greater financial inclusion.

NP21 SAUW: Support to KP on Transforming Kolkata: A Partnership for a More Sustainable, Inclusive, and Resilient City (video) KRA: Knowledge product Topic: Sustainable city Coverage: India Approval date: Dec 2018 Completion date: September 2019

The book documented outcomes and collective stories from stakeholders of 20 years of partnership of ADB and Kolkata Municipal Corporation (KMC) to improve the urban services in Kolkata City. The 20-year partnership between ADB and KMC started in 1998. The short video amplified and summarized achievements of the ADB–KMC partnership as stated in the book including interviews of some of the stakeholders.

Transforming Kolkata: A Partnership for a More Sustainable, Inclusive, and Resilient City - book https://www.adb.org/publications/kolkata-more-sustainable-inclusive-resilient-city Kolkata’s journey to become a more sustainable, inclusive, and resilient city -video https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=378437939752955 The book was launched by the President of ADB in Kolkata, India jointly with the Mayor of Kolkata, and was extensively quoted by many media outlets in India. The book and video both have been extensively covered by ADB Department of Communications as well as on social media by KMC and multiple stakeholders.

38 Appendix 4

ANALYTICS FOR PUBLICATIONS AND VIDEOS

Table A4.1 Web Analytics for Publications funded under RETA 7997

(As of 30 April 2020)

Type Title Link Date

Published From To

Down loads

Page views

Book Developing South Asia: Lessons and Insights

https://www.adb.org/publications/developing-south-asia-lessons-and-insights

Jun-13 Nov-14

29-Apr-20

293 1,302

Book Financing Low-Carbon Urban Development in South Asia: A Post-2012 Context

https://www.adb.org/publications/financing-low-carbon-urban-development-south-asia-post-2012-context

Oct-13 Nov-14

29-Apr-20

123 130

Book Three Decades of Development Partnership: Royal Government of Bhutan and Asian Development Bank

https://www.adb.org/publications/three-decades-development-partnership-royal-government-bhutan-and-asian-development

Feb-14 Nov-14

29-Apr-20

117 195

Book Lose to Gain: Is Involuntary Resettlement a Development Opportunity?

https://www.adb.org/publications/lose-gain-involuntary-resettlement-development-opportunity

Apr-14 Nov-14

29-Apr-20

619 716

Book 20th by 2020: Bhutan’s Drive for Improved Governance

https://www.adb.org/publications/20th-2020-bhutans-drive-improved-governance

Sep-14 Nov-14

29-Apr-20

534 846

Book Food Security in South Asia: Developing Regional Supply Chains for the Food Processing Industry

https://www.adb.org/publications/food-security-south-asia

Aug-15 Aug-15

29-Apr-20

771 1,877

Book Impact of trade and FDI Policies on Industrial Development in South Asia

https://www.adb.org/publications/trade-and-fdi-policies-industrial-development-south-asia

Dec-15 Dec-15

29-Apr-20

484 908

Book Gearing Up for Competitiveness: The Role of Planning, Governance, and Finance in Small and Medium-sized Cities in South Asia

https://www.adb.org/publications/gearing-competitiveness-small-medium-cities-south-asia

Sep-16 Sep-16

29-Apr-20

862 1,609

Book Challenges in Implementing Best Practices in Involuntary Resettlement: A Case Study in Sri Lanka

https://www.adb.org/publications/challenges-best-practices-resettlement-case-study-sri-lanka

Dec-16 Dec-16

29-Apr-20

500 1,258

Book Transforming Kolkata: A Partnership for a More Sustainable, Inclusive, and Resilient City

https://www.adb.org/publications/kolkata-more-sustainable-inclusive-resilient-city

May-19 May-19

29-Apr-20

457 1,893

Book Borders without Barriers: Facilitating Trade in SASEC Countries

https://www.adb.org/publications/borders-without-barriers-facilitating-trade-sasec

Dec-19 Dec-19

29-Apr-20

390 1,060

Book Gender and Urban Poverty in South Asia: Proceedings Report of the 2012 Subregional Workshop

https://www.adb.org/publications/gender-and-urban-poverty-south-asia-proceedings-report-2012-subregional-workshop

Jan-13

01-Nov-14

29-Apr-20

474 3,320

Book An Enduring Partnership: The Maldives and the Asian Development Bank

https://www.adb.org/publications/enduring-partnership-maldives-and-adb

Aug-15 01-

Aug-15

29-Apr-20

255

Book Intraregional trade in leather and leather products in South Asia: Identification of Potential Regional Supply Chains Note: This page may have been unpublished.

https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/399271/intraregional-trade-leather-south-asia.pdf

Dec-15

01-Dec-15

29-Apr-20

64 152

Guide Fast-Track Tax Reform: Lessons from Maldives

https://www.adb.org/documents/fast-track-tax-reform-lessons-maldives

Oct-17 Oct-17 29-Apr-20

447 641

Papers and Briefs

The Classroom Assessment Scoring System as a Measure of Effective Teaching to Address the Learning Crisis

https://www.adb.org/publications/classroom-assessment-scoring-system-effective-teaching

Jun-18 Jun-18 29-Apr-20

158 429

Appendix 4 39

Papers and Briefs

Risk Management in Maldives: Sharing Practical Experience and Lessons Learned

https://www.adb.org/publications/risk-management-maldives-experience-lessons

Sep-18 Sep-18

29-Apr-20

87 439

Policies, Strategies

South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation Operational Plan 2016–2025

https://www.adb.org/documents/sasec-operational-plan-2016-2025

Oct-16 Oct-16 29-Apr-20

2,349 5,206

Project Brief

Investment Climate Improvement in East Coast Economic Corridor of India: Governance and Institutional Reforms Support to the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises Department, Government of Tamil Nadu

https://www.adb.org/publications/investment-climate-governance-msmes-tamil-nadu

Nov-18 Nov-18

29-Apr-20

62 113

Project Brief

Bangladesh: Skills for Employment Investment Program

https://www.adb.org/projects/documents/ban-42466-016-dpta Oct-17

01-Oct-17

29-Apr-20

469 128

Project Brief

Bangladesh: Urban Primary Health Care Services Delivery Project

https://www.adb.org/projects/documents/ban-42177-013-dpta Jul-17

01-Jul-17

29-Apr-20

358 35

Report Innovative Strategies in Technical and Vocational Education and Training for Accelerated Human Resource Development in South Asia: Sri Lanka

https://www.adb.org/publications/innovative-strategies-tvet-accelerated-hrd-south-asia-sri-lanka

Nov-14 Nov-14

29-Apr-20

117 521

Report ICT for Development Forum 2013: Session on ICT for Education, "Is ICT the Missing Link in Development Operations?"

https://www.adb.org/publications/ict-development-forum-2013-session-ict-education

Jun-15 Jun-15 29-Apr-20

314 528

Report Challenges and Opportunities for Skills Development in Asia: Changing Supply, Demand, and Mismatches

https://www.adb.org/publications/challenges-and-opportunities-skills-development-asia

Nov-15 Nov-15

29-Apr-20

1,033 2,279

Report Bangladesh: Development Effectiveness Brief

https://www.adb.org/publications/bangladesh-development-effectiveness-brief-2017

Feb-17 Feb-17

29-Apr-20

647 1,728

Report SASEC Vision: Powering Asia in the 21st Century

https://www.adb.org/publications/sasec-vision-powering-asia-21st-century

Apr-17 Apr-17 29-Apr-20

877 1,545

Report Trade and Transport Facilitation and Mechanism in Bangladesh: Baseline Study

https://www.adb.org/publications/ttfmm-baseline-study-bangladesh

Jun-17 Jun-17 29-Apr-20

527 1,463

Report Trade and Transport Facilitation and Mechanism in Bhutan: Baseline Study

https://www.adb.org/publications/trade-transport-facilitation-monitoring-bhutan

Sep-17 Sep-17

29-Apr-20

159 396

Report Human Capital Development in South Asia: Achievements, Prospects, and Policy Challenges

https://www.adb.org/publications/human-capital-development-achievements-prospects-policy-challenges

Dec-17 Dec-17

29-Apr-20

1,095 2,483

Report Innovative Strategies for Accelerated Human Resource Development in South Asia: Information and Communication Technology for Education—Special Focus on Bangladesh, Nepal, and Sri Lanka

https://www.adb.org/publications/innovative-strategies-ict-education-bangladesh-nepal-sri-lanka

Dec-17 Dec-17

29-Apr-20

247 658

Report Innovative Strategies for Accelerated Human Resource Development in South Asia: Public–Private Partnerships for Education and Training—Special Focus on Bangladesh, Nepal, and Sri Lanka

https://www.adb.org/publications/innovative-strategies-ppp-education-bangladesh-nepal-sri-lanka

Dec-17 Dec-17

29-Apr-20

354 838

Report Innovative Strategies for Accelerated Human Resource Development in South Asia: Student Assessment and Examination—Special Focus on Bangladesh, Nepal, and Sri Lanka

https://www.adb.org/publications/innovative-strategies-student-assessment-bangladesh-nepal-sri-lanka

Dec-17 Dec-17

29-Apr-20

294 479

40 Appendix 4

Report Innovative Strategies for Accelerated Human Resource Development in South Asia: Teacher Professional Development—Special Focus on Bangladesh, Nepal, and Sri Lanka

https://www.adb.org/publications/innovative-strategies-teacher-professional-development-bangladesh-nepal-sri-lanka

Dec-17 Dec-17

29-Apr-20

349 778

Report Trade and Transport Facilitation and Mechanism in Nepal: Baseline Study

https://www.adb.org/publications/trade-transport-facilitation-monitoring-nepal

Dec-17 Dec-17

29-Apr-20

211 628

Report Migration and Remittances for Development in Asia

https://www.adb.org/publications/migration-remittances-developing-asia

May-18 May-18

29-Apr-20

1,038 2,119

Report Road Map for the National Single Window in Maldives

https://www.adb.org/publications/maldives-national-single-window-road-map

Oct-18 Oct-18 29-Apr-20

429 458

Report Impact of Dams on Fish in the Rivers of Nepal

https://www.adb.org/publications/impact-dams-fish-rivers-nepal

Dec-18 Dec-18

29-Apr-20

307 392

Report Tracer Study: Sri Lanka Public Training Institutions in 2016

https://www.adb.org/publications/tracer-study-sri-lanka-public-training-institutions-2016

Dec-18 Dec-18

29-Apr-20

172 214

Report Protecting the Meghna River: A Sustainable Water Resource for Dhaka

https://www.adb.org/publications/meghna-river-sustainable-water-resource-dhaka

Aug-19 Aug-19

29-Apr-20

504 777

Report Managing Nepal’s Dudh Koshi River System for a Fair and Sustainable Future

https://www.adb.org/publications/managing-nepal-dudh-koshi-river-system

Sep-19 Sep-19

29-Apr-20

124 351

Report Skills Gaps in Two Manufacturing Subsectors in Sri Lanka: Food and Beverages, and Electronics and Electricals

https://www.adb.org/publications/skills-gaps-two-manufacturing-subsectors-sri-lanka

Jan-20 Jan-20 29-Apr-20

111 260

SAWP 20 Municipal Accounting Reforms in India: An Implementation Guide

https://www.adb.org/publications/municipal-accounting-reforms-india-implementation-guide

Oct-13 Nov-14

29-Apr-20

267 521

SAWP 22 Growth, Structural Change, and Poverty Reduction: Evidence from India

https://www.adb.org/publications/growth-structural-change-and-poverty-reduction-evidence-india

Nov-13 Nov-14

29-Apr-20

130 391

SAWP 24 Understanding the High Inflation Trend in India

https://www.adb.org/publications/understanding-high-inflation-trend-india

Mar-14 Nov-14

29-Apr-20

52 391

SAWP 25 Opportunity Cost of Natural Gas Subsidies in Bangladesh

https://www.adb.org/publications/opportunity-cost-natural-gas-subsidies-bangladesh

Apr-14 Nov-14

29-Apr-20

123 781

SAWP 26 Understanding Food Inflation in India https://www.adb.org/publications/understanding-food-inflation-india

May-14 Nov-14

29-Apr-20

587 1,107

SAWP 27 Effects of Migration and Remittance Income on Nepal’s Agriculture Yield

https://www.adb.org/publications/effects-migration-and-remittance-income-nepals-agriculture-yield

Jul-14 Nov-14

29-Apr-20

554 1,953

SAWP 28 Finance Sector Reform in Nepal — What Works, What Doesn’t

https://www.adb.org/publications/finance-sector-reform-nepal-what-works-what-doesn-t

Jul-14 Nov-14

29-Apr-20

202 586

SAWP 29 Under Construction: India’s Infrastructure Debt Funds — Their Importance, Challenges, and Opportunities

https://www.adb.org/publications/under-construction-indias-infrastructure-debt-funds

Sep-14 Nov-14

29-Apr-20

130 456

SAWP 30 Valuation of Health Impacts of Air Pollution from Power Plants in Asia: A Practical Guide

https://www.adb.org/publications/valuation-health-impacts-air-pollution-power-plants-asia-practical-guide

Oct-14 Nov-14

29-Apr-20

176 521

SAWP 31 Capital Requirements for Indian Banks: An Empirical Analysis

https://www.adb.org/publications/capital-requirements-indian-banks-empirical-analysis

Nov-14 Nov-14

29-Apr-20

59 130

Appendix 4 41

SAWP 32 Unlocking Bhutan's Potential: Measuring the Potential Output for the Small Landlocked Himalayan Kingdom of Bhutan

https://www.adb.org/publications/unlocking-bhutans-potential-measuring-potential-output-small-landlocked-himalayan-kingdom

Nov-14 Nov-14

29-Apr-20

130 326

SAWP 34 Electricity Consumption Output and Trade in Bhutan

https://www.adb.org/publications/electricity-consumption-output-and-trade-bhutan

Dec-14 Dec-14

29-Apr-20

818 2,770

SAWP 35 Sri Lanka's Water Supply and Sanitation Sector: Achievements and a Way Forward

https://www.adb.org/publications/sri-lanka-water-supply-and-sanitation-sector-achievements-way-forward

Jun-15 Jun-15 29-Apr-20

503 1,820

SAWP 36 Application of the New Keynesian Phillips Curve Inflation Model in Sri Lanka

https://www.adb.org/publications/application-of-nkpc-inflation-model-in-sri-lanka

Aug-15 Aug-15

29-Apr-20

272 910

SAWP 38 Cross-Border Power Trading in South Asia: A Techno Economic Rationale

https://www.adb.org/publications/cross-border-power-trading-south-asia

Aug-15 Aug-15

29-Apr-20

1,093 2,331

SAWP 41 Making Renewable Energy a Success in Bangladesh: Getting the Business Model Right

https://www.adb.org/publications/making-renewable-energy-success-bangladesh-getting-business-model-right

Dec-15

01-Dec-15

29-Apr-20

664 1,043

SAWP 43 Upgrading in the Indian Garment Industry: A Study of Three Clusters

https://www.adb.org/publications/upgrading-indian-garment-industry-study-three-clusters

Apr-16 Apr-16 29-Apr-20

86 396

SAWP 45 Improving Regulatory Environment for a Regional Power Market in South Asia

https://www.adb.org/publications/regulatory-environment-regional-power-market-south-asia

Aug-16 Aug-16

29-Apr-20

288 548

SAWP 46 Disaster Financing in Bangladesh https://www.adb.org/publications/disaster-risk-financing-bangladesh

Sep-16 Sep-16

29-Apr-20

268 706

SAWP 47 Improving Energy Efficiency in South Asia

https://www.adb.org/publications/improving-energy-efficiency-south-asia

Oct-16 Oct-16 29-Apr-20

305 656

SAWP 48 Capital Market Development in Bangladesh: A Sector Reform Perspective

https://www.adb.org/publications/capital-market-development-bangladesh

Oct-16 Oct-16 29-Apr-20

417 1,138

SAWP 52 Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act in India: A Review and Recommendation for Reform

https://www.adb.org/publications/fiscal-responsibility-budget-management-act-india-reform

Jul-17 Jul-17 29-Apr-20

411 975

SAWP 54 Catalyzing Small and Medium-sized Enterprise Venture Capital in Sri Lanka

https://www.adb.org/publications/catalyzing-sme-venture-capital-sri-lanka

Mar-18 Mar-18

29-Apr-20

230 568

SAWP 57 Closing the Financing Gap in Asian Infrastructure

https://www.adb.org/publications/closing-financing-gap-asian-infrastructure

Jun-18 Jun-18 29-Apr-20

1,686 2,958

SAWP 58 Enabling Smart Urban Redevelopment in India through Floor Area Ratio Incentives

https://www.adb.org/publications/smart-urban-redevelopment-india

Jul-18 Jul-18 29-Apr-20

418 597

SAWP 59 Infrastructure Financing in South Asia https://www.adb.org/publications/infrastructure-financing-south-asia

Sep-18 Sep-18

29-Apr-20

997 2,134

SAWP 62 Industrialization of Developing Countries in a Multicountry, Multisector Capital Accumulation Model

https://www.adb.org/publications/industrialization-developing-countries-capital-accumulation-model

Dec-18 Dec-18

29-Apr-20

91 357

SAWP 63 Sri Lanka’s Macroeconomic Challenges: A Tale of Two Deficits

https://www.adb.org/publications/sri-lanka-macroeconomic-challenges-two-deficits

Mar-19 Mar-19

29-Apr-20

525 598

SAWP 64 Exploring Strategies for Planned Urban Cluster Development in South Asia

https://www.adb.org/publications/strategies-urban-cluster-development-south-asia

Apr-19 Apr-19 29-Apr-20

554 855

SAWP 65 Microfinance for Disaster Recovery: Lessons from the 2015 Nepal Earthquake

https://www.adb.org/publications/microfinance-disaster-recovery-lessons-nepal-earthquake

May-19 May-19

29-Apr-20

388 725

42 Appendix 4

SAWP 67 Implementing the Trade Facilitating Agreement from Global Impacts to Value Chains

https://www.adb.org/publications/implementing-trade-facilitation-agreement

Sep-19 Sep-19

29-Apr-20

263 643

SAOKS2 Funds Flow, Accounting, and Audit in India

https://www.adb.org/documents/funds-flow-accounting-and-audit-india

Nov-13 Nov-14

29-Apr-20

371 846

SAOKS4 A Review of Governance e-Solution Investments, 2004-2012

https://www.adb.org/documents/review-governance-e-solution-investments-2004-2012

Aug-14 Nov-14

29-Apr-20

235 781

TOTAL 31,820 72,925

Table A4.2 Web Analytics for Videos funded under RETA 7997

(As of 16 May 2020)

SP No.

Title Link Date Published

Viewing Site

ADB Web YouTube Facebook

33 Faces of Development in South Asia https://www.facebook.com/AsianDevBank/videos/10153545434980963/

3 April 2016 472 751

33 Connecting Maldives' Remote Islands: Winds of Change

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Da42F-aax28&list=UU2ASYi96ZSgabnkzzMonBfA&index=130

26 May 2016

614 612 40,632

33 Women Entrepreneurs Rebuild Sri Lanka's Future: Winds of Change

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YUwV9d2TQzc&list=UU2ASYi96ZSgabnkzzMonBfA&index=82

26 May 2016 2,720 2,716 53,826

33 Electrification Project Brings More Than Light to Rural Bhutan: Winds of Change

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LfiajR2b2IY

26 May 2016 1,225 1,200 58,515

33 First India–Bangladesh Power Interconnection Feeds Greater Access to Electricity

https://www.adb.org/news/videos/first-india-bangladesh-power-interconnection-feeds-greater-access-electricity

7 Dec 2017 9,326 8,600 81,239

33 Customs Reforms Open Up Trade Opportunities in Bhutan Video

https://www.adb.org/news/videos/customs-reforms-open-trade-opportunities-bhutan

11 April 2018 768 627 177,681

33 Trade Modernization Spurs Economic Growth in Nepal Video

https://www.adb.org/news/videos/trade-modernization-spurs-economic-growth-nepal

12 January 2018

913 563 121,825

38 Clean Water Brings Hygiene and Happiness in Nepal's Small Towns

https://www.adb.org/news/videos/clean-water-brings-hygiene-and-happiness-nepals-small-towns

18 April 2017 1,757 1,300 388,977

44 Health Services for Bangladesh's Urban Poor https://www.adb.org/news/videos/health-services-bangladeshs-urban-

9 December 2016

4,636 4,200 35,387

44 Professional Skills Training for Bangladesh's Youth https://www.adb.org/news/videos/professional-skills-training-bangladeshs-youth

4 January 2017

25,285 24,000 102,651

48 Better Governance Eases Nepal’s Transition to Federalism 3-minute video:

https://www.adb.org/news/videos/better-governance-eases-nepal-s-transition-federalism

31 July 2018 1,092 335 212,620

48 Strengthening Governance and Public Financial Management in Nepal 12-minute video

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SO8XYYLQQlg&feature=youtu.be

555

50 Powering the Engines of Economic Growth in Bangladesh

https://www.adb.org/news/videos/powering-engines-economic-growth-bangladesh

8 February 2019

323

59 Empowering Small Businesses in Maldives https://www.adb.org/news/videos/empowering-small-businesses-maldives

27 May 2019 1,495 717 60,002

TOTAL 50,626 45,425 1,334,106