4511 4515.output

* GB784918 (A)

Description: GB784918 (A) ? 1957-10-16

Improvements in and relating to packing containers of thermoplastic sheetmaterial and methods for the manufacture of such packing containers

Description of GB784918 (A)

COMPLETE SPECIFICATION Improvements in and relating to Packing Containers of Thermoplastic Sheet Material and methods' for the Manufacture of such Packing Containers I, PAUL VERNER KLINGE, of 5, Malm gade Copenhagen, Denmark, a subject of the King of Denmark, do hereby declare the invention for which I pray that a patent may be granted to me, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: This invention relates to packing containers of thermoplastic sheet material and methods for the manufacture of such packing containers. For the packing of cheese, preserved fish, preserved fruit, confectionery, etc. it has been proposed to use boxes or cans of thermoplastic sheet material. Such a packing can be closed effectively by welding body and lid portions of the packing together, and for this purpose each of the two parts of the packing may be provided with a radially projecting flange. When the lid is placed on the body, after the latter has been filled with its contents, the two flanges rest upon each other, and the welding can then easily be performed by means of a suitable tool for heating and compressing the flanges. The opening of the packing is performed by the lid being torn from the body, and the welding together of the two parts may be effected in such a way that the lid is not destroyed ;by being torn ,off. The lid can, therefore once more be placed on the body, b.ut can normally only be placed loosely on the latter, a proper securing of the lid requiring a repeated welding together, for which purpose a special tool must be used. The principal purpose of the present invention is to avoid this drawback or in other words to produce a packing which is so designed that the lid can be replaced on the body land effectively

attached thereto after the packing has ;been opened. According to the present invention in a packing container manufactured from thermoplastic sheet material and comprising a body part and a lid part, both of which are formed with a radially projecting flange, said flanges having co-operating fastening means for releasably securing one part to the other, the fastening means of the flange of the body part comprises one or more recesses of pocket formation, the transverse width of which increases downwardly from a point at or near to the plane of said flange, while the fastening means of the flange of the lid part comprises one or more co-operating complementary projections to be received in and temporarily gripped by said recesses. The said recesses and the associated projections will function as a kind of press fastener between body and lid, so that these parts may be disassembled and assembled as often as it be desired. The number of pockets land projections and the extent of the latter in the circumferential direction of the box or can. may Ibe varied in accordance with the intended use thereof. If a particularly safe sealing between body and lid be desired, a single pocket recess may be used extending all the way round the body and forming an annular bead on the underside of the flange of the body. At least one of the projections of the lid flange may be of circular horizontal crosssection. The said projection may then serve as a kind of hinge pin between body and lid, so that the packing may be opened without a complete separation of the two parts. When the recesses and projections serving as locking members extend downwards as stated above, and at the same time the flange of the lid lies at the level of or higher than the remaining part of the lid, the packing may be manufactured in a particularly simple and cheap way. Thus it is possible according to the invention in the manufacture of the said packings to proceed in the way that a plane piece of sheet material is placed in a mould consisting of two parts and is with its edge part secured between the two mould parts, whereupon the piece of sheet material is, during or after heating, deformed by means of a fluid pressure admitted between the sheet material and one mould part, until in its fufl exteat the sheet rests against the other mould part, in which position the sheet material' is permitted to harden. By this means, the production of the recesses and projections as above described will entail no difficulties and require no extra implements. The packings, may, however, also be produced by pressing 'between two mould parts, in which case the recesses in the body flange and the projections on the lid flange are according to the invention given ,a U-shaped cross-section and, during or after the opening of the

pressing mould, they are given a permanent compression so as to ensure the requisite increase in width in a downward direction. This compression may, by way of example, be performed by means of a pair of tongs, the jaws of which are fashioned according to the desired shape of the projections and the recesses and, if necessary, are kept heated. An embodiment of the invention is illustrated on the accompanying drawing, in which: Figure 1 shows a box-shaped packing according to the invention, in plan view; Figure 2 a seotion on line Il-Il of Figure 1, and Figures 3 and 4 are axial sections in two moulds which can be used for producing the packing shown in Figures 1 and 2. The packing shown in Figures 1 and 2 consist of a body part 1 and a lid part 2. These parts are both at the top provided with an outwardly-directed flange 3 and 4, respectively, the said flanges having the same outer circumference. As shown in full lines in Figure 2, the lid 2 proper may lie in the same plane as the flange 4, but the central part of the lid may also, as indicated in dotted lines, lie depressed in the body 1 in a manner knawn per se. 9n the embodiment shown the flange 3 of the body 1 is provided with three recesses 5, 6 and 7 which lie with a spacing cf 1200 and are open upwardly. In axial section the recesses have the shape shown in Figure 2 with an upwardly decreasing width. The flange 4 of the lid is provided with three corresponding downwardly-directed projections 8, 9 and 10 which likewise narrow upwardly as appears from Figure 2. As shown in Figure 1, the recesses 5 and 6 land the associated projections 8 and 9 have at certain length in the circumferential direction of the packing, while the third recess 7 and the associated projections 10 are of circular form in a section at right angles to the axis of the box. This locking projection can form a permanent hinge connection between the lid 2 and the body 1 so that, when the projections 8 and 9 have been released, the lid can be swung around the projection 10 as indicated by dot- and dash line in Figure 1. The mould shown in Figure 3 consists of a lower part 11 and an upper part 12, between which a strip 13 lof thermoplastic sheet material can Ibe inserted. When this mould is closed, there will, by the co-operating edges of the lower part 11 and the upper part 12, be cut out a circular blank from the strip of sheet material 13, and this circular blank will, with its edge portion, be gripped between the upper edge of the lower part 11 and an annular abutment 14 of the upper part 12. Through an inlet 15 in the upper part 12, air is then blown in at such a temperature that the circular blank of sheet

material between the two mould parts is heated to its deformation temperature. The pressure of ,the air will then cause the piece of sheet material or the circular blank to assume the same shape as the lower mould part 11, and when this has been effected, the piece of sheet material is permitted bo cool In this shape. The lower part 11 shown corresponds to the body 1 shown in Figure 2 and contains a number of recesses 16 for fashioning the flange recesses 5, 16, !7, of the body. The pressing mould shown in Figure 4 consists of a lower part 17 and an upper part 18 which are shown in an intermediate position during the pressing operation, and between which a piece of sheet material 19 is inserted which is to form the body for a box similar to that shown in Figures 1 and 2. The tower part 117 is provided with a number of recesses 20 of U-shaped cross-section, and the upper part 18 has corresponding downwardly-directed projections 21. When the article shaped between the pants 17 and 18 has been removed, the recesses 5, 6, and 7 of the body flange or the projections 8, 9, 10 of the lid flange may be given their final shape by compression as explained in the foregoings What I claim is: 1. A packing container manufactured from thermoplastic sheet material and comprising a body part and a lid part, both of which are formed with a radially projecting flange, said flanges having co-operating fastening means for releasably securing one part to the other, wherein the fastening means of the flange of the body part comprises one or more recesses of pocket formation, the transverse width of which increase downwardly from a point lat or near to the plane of said flange, while the fastening means of the flange of the lid part comprises one or more co-operating complementary projections to be received in and temporarily gripped by said recesses. 2. A packing container as claimed in claim 1. wherein at least one projection of the flange

* GB784919 (A)

Description: GB784919 (A) ? 1957-10-16

Improvements in stereoscopic viewing devices


-1 PATENT SPIECIFLCATION 781,919 Date of Application and filing Complete Specification Nov18, 1955. No 33019/55. Application made in Italy on Aug 20, 1955. Complete Specification Published Oct 16, 1957. Index at Acceptance: -Class 97 ( 1), J 16 B. International Classification: -GO 2 d. COMPLETE SIPECI FICATION Improvements in Stereoscopic Viewing Devices I, ADRIANO BETTI, of Bagni di Lucca, Lucca, Italy, of Italian Nationality, do hereby declare the invention, for which I pray that a patent may be granted to me, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: It is known that seeing two flat views of the same subject, taken from two different points of view and each looked at with only one eye, gives the sensation of relief, that is the different parts of what we see give us the impression of a single image, the various points of which seem to be placed at different distances as if they were not in the same plane, almost as if the real subject were being observed In other words, the right eye sees only the right-hand view, the left eye only the left-hand view, which is an essential condition for the perception of relief, and the merging of the two views is facilitated because a convergence and an accommodation are imposed on the eyes which are identical with those which would be obtained on seeing the real subject. The object of the present invention is to provide a simple construction of stereoscopic viewing device wherein the two images are contained on the facing surfaces of adjacent pairs of leaves secured in a folder in the manner of leaves of a book. According to the present invention, a stereoscopic viewing device comprises two covers hinged to form a folder a plurality of leaves secured at the hinge point of the folder and capable of turning over in the manner of pages of a book when the folder is in opened position, the facing surfaces of each adjacent pair of leaves bearing respectively left-hand and right-hand stereoscopic images of a subject, and one of said images being formed in mnirror-image reversed manner and an eye piece mounted on the folder and serving when the leaves are opened apart to their fullest extent to permit the left eye of the user to view only the left-hand image and the right eye to view only the right-hand image, the reversal image being viewed in a mirror and the other image being viewed by direct vision.

The eye piece and its mounting may be 50 arranged to fold flat between the covers of the folder. Advantageously means are provided for limiting the degree of opening of the covers of the folder to less than 180 55 The leaves may include a space for printed matter relevant to the image being viewed. Other details and advantages of the invention will appear in the course of the following description which refers to the accom 60 panying drawing given by way of example. In this drawing:Fig 1 is a diagrammatic section of the device. Fig 2 is a perspective view of the device 65 with the folder open and ready fot use. Figs 3 and 4 show details in perspective view on an enlarged scale. Referring to Figure 1, the segment A-B is the section of the eye piece mask 1, which 70 is provided with the apertures 2, 3 for the left and right eye, respectively The two stereoscopic images 4, 5 are located one in a horizontal plane the section of which is indicated by s-ol, while the other is located in 75 a plane forming an angle with the first plane, the section of which is indicated by d-dl. The segment r-r' is the section of a mirror 6, the reflecting surface of which is located on the bisector of the angle a between the 80 sections s-51, Id-c 4 The stereoscopic image 4 is the one seen by the left eye, while the stereoscopic image 5 is that seen by the right eye, but is printed reversed. Referring to the device proper, shown in 85 perspective view in Fig 2, 7 and 8 designate the two covers forming the folder, which is folded in the form of a book at the hinge 9, forming the apex of the angle At the end of the left-hand cover 8 of the folder there is 90 fixed a small support formed by a strip or small plate 10, having lateral lugs 11, 12 formed by punching, in which lugs are pivoted the bent ends of two thin metal rods 13, 14, the opposite ends of which carry the 95 eye piece mask 1 in which is formed a notch. for accommodating the nose 'o a second support 16, which is smaller but similar and is fixed at the bottom, there is attached the bent end of a stay rod 17, hinged at lb, which is designed to keep the mask 1 at the proper distance from the image and the mirror 6, with its support 19 pivoted at 20 to said mask, in the correct angular position A third stay rod 21 with bent ends, one of which is attached to the small support 22, while the other is automatically engaged in the small support 23 every time the folder is opened, serves to keep the folder open at the required angle. s 15 The folder 7, 8 has leaves in the manner of a book so that when it is open the righthand page carries the image 4 seen by the left eye, while the left-hand page carries the image seen by the right eye, but which is reversed and is rectified by means of the mirror 6.

Inner spaces 24, 25 can be devoted to text explaining the image. The viewer placing his right eye at 3 (Fig. 1) sees the virtual image d-dl rectified by the mirror and superimposed on the image s-s', which is the real image seen by the left eye.

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* GB784920 (A)

Description: GB784920 (A) ? 1957-10-16

Improvements in or relating to synthetic plastics


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BE540943 (A) CH339319 (A) DE1111339 (B) FR1130334 (A) US3173977 (A) BE540943 (A) CH339319 (A) DE1111339 (B) FR1130334 (A) US3173977 (A) less Translate this text into Tooltip

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Date of Application and filing Complete Specification Nov 21, 1955. a-d'Vs\ No 33332155. Application made in Germany on Nov 19, 1954 POOR Complete Specification Published Oct 16, 1957 QUALITY Index at Acceptance:-Classes 2 ( 2), B 2 A 2 B; and 2 ( 6), P 7 (A: DIA), P 7 T 1 (B: X). International Classification: -CO 8 f D Oif. COMPLETE SPECIFICATION Improvements in or relating to Synthetic Plastics We, DYNA Mi T-ACTIEN-GESELLSCHAFT vor over 40,000, are extruded under pressure mals Alfred Nobel & Co, a German Company, through a nozzle at or above the flow tempera 50 of 22 c, Troisdorf, near Cologne, Germany, do ture of said products, and are given a more hereby declare the invention, for which we than six-fold stretch in at least one dimension pray that a patent may be granted to us, and at a temperature near the softening point of the method by which it is to be performed, to said products and in the range of 90-1100 C, be particularly described in and by the follow whereby the macromolecules of said products 55 ing statement: are fixed in their final parallel state. This invention relates to synthetic plastics The degree of stretching is determined for and is concerned with a process for the pro each product in order to obtain shaped articles duction of shaped articles from synthetic which have, for instance, a high tearing plastic materials strength and which are not too brittle 60 It is known to produce filaments, strips and Polyethylenes prepared by the low-pressure films from highly polymerized synthetic plas process and having molecular weights of, for tic materials Thus, for example, filiform pro example, from 40,000 to over 1,000,000 are ducts and films have been obtained from poly particularly suitable for the production of amides, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile shaped articles 65 and similar polymerisation products, by dis Polyethylene filaments with a molecular solving these products in solvents and there weight of 50,000, which has been extruded at after subjecting the solvents to the dry or wet 190 C can be stretched to lengths of up to spinning process, or by forming the shaped 15 times their original length, at a temperature articles directly from the melt of the plastic of 900-95 C Polyethylene products with a 70 material molecular weight of 500,000, which have been Shaped products can be obtained by the extruded at a temperature of 3400 C, can also latter process with all synthetic plastic be stretched to lengths of up to 15 times their materials, these products being subjected to a original length, at a temperature of 1000 C. further stretching at ambient temperature after The shaped articles may be produced as 75 having been spun from the liquid phase,

filaments by extrusion under pressure through whereby the filament, for example, undergoes a nozzle having a number of holes of preferan elongation to about four to five times its ably small diameter The tubular articles may original length be obtained by extruding the plastic material It has not hitherto been possible to obtain through an annular nozzle, the solidification 80 directly from the melt usable products in the of the material being preferably assisted by form of filaments or films without this subse blowing hot air into the inside and the outside quent stretching at ambient temperature of the tubes Foils may be obtained from such It has now been found that particularly high tubular articles drawn from an annular nozzle molecular weight olefins which may be pro by cutting the tubes whilst continuing to blow 85 duced for instance by means of a low-pressure them with hot air Alternatively, the foils may process known generally as the Ziegler process be obtained by extrusion through a hot slit give usable products in the form of filaments nozzle and are then preferably stretched in and films' having particularly good physical both dimensions Finally,<a dye-stuff may be properties if the melt spinning process just admixed with the synthetic plastic material 90 referred to is carried out in a certain manner before the extrusion of the latter. According to the present invention, there is The present invention is illustrated by the provided a process for the production of following examples: shaped -articles from synthetic plastic materials wherein olefin polymerisation or copolymerisa EXAMPLE I. tion products having a molecular weight of Polyethylene prepared by the low-pressure 95 f Pnrc 3 s 6 d l M'L @ 4 g v. -W process and having a molecular weight of 50,000 was pressed in the molten state at 190 C through a metal nozzle having a number of holes of 0 25 mm in diameter and the resulting filaments were drawn off at a speed of 40 m/min by means of heated rollers The filaments were thereafter stretched to 12 times their original length by means of a second pair of rollers whilst passing through a hot water bath which was maintained at a temperature of C, cooled and wound onto a spool It was found that, instead of hot water, other media, such as glycerine, could be used If the stretching was increased to more than 10 times the original length, a filament having a lower elongation than usual 'was obtained Filaments were obtained which had tearing strengths of from 3000 to 4000 kg/cm 2. EXAMPLE II. The same procedure was followed as in Example I, except that a polymerisation product having a molecular weight of 500,000 was employed and the temperature for the melting was raised to 340 C The

stretching was carried out in a glycerine bath at a temperature immediately above 100 C. EXAMPLE III. The same procedure was followed as in Example I, except that hot air or other hot gases at about 100 C were used instead of the hot water bath to heat the polymer at approximately 950 C. The properties of the new products are further illustrated by the following tabulated results showing a comparison with polyamide, polyvinylchloride and low-molecular weight polyethylene products. A Tearing strength Thickness Stretched kg/cm. mm %; (mean value) Elongation Polyamide B 0 26 450 4110 46 Polyvinylchloride 0 90 400 1140 30 Polyethylene mol weight 25,000 0 27 450 1100 45 50,000 0 25 700 3550 24 50,000 0 25 1000 4960 14 50,000 0 25 1200 5500 12 13,000,000 0 19 1200 7850 10 The wet strength of the new products is substantially equal to the dry strength and they have a low specific gravity (of 0 92) as compared with filaments of other plastic materials They also have good working properties The filaments can, for example, be spun without preliminary treatment of their surface, since the material itself has very good anti-friction properties.


* GB784921 (A)

Description: GB784921 (A) ? 1957-10-16

Glass blowing device


PATENT SPECIFICATION Inventors: KEITH CONRAD and 784 M 921 ROBERT RICHARD DENMAN Date of

application and filing Complete Specification: Jan 25, 1956. No 2436156. Complete Specification Published: Oct 16, 1957. Index at acceptance:-Class 56, MB 8 (L: T). International Classification:-CO 3 b. COMPLETE SPECIFICATION Gllass Blowing Device We, OWENS-ILLINOIS GLASS COMPANY, a Corporation organised and existing under the laws of the State of Ohio, United States of America, located at Toledo 1, State of Ohio, United States of America, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: - The present invention relates to glass forming devices and in particular to a device for supplying blowing air for the expansion of formed glass parisons either of the pressed type or of the blown type Among the objects of this invention is to provide a blow head mechanism which is so designed as to adapt itself to any mechanical irregularities which may exist in the forming mechanism. More specifically, the invention consists of a parison blowing device, including a fluiddriven blow head, an air baffle thereon, and means to control a floating position of the air baffle between the parison and the blow head. In order that the invention may be more clearly understood, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings, wherein one embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention is illustrated and wherein: Fig 1 is a diagrammatic elevational view showing a glass forming mechanism to which this invention is applied. Fig 2 is a cross sectional elevation through this flowing mechanism. Fig 3 is a sectional plan view showing the air passages and connections for this blow head and Fig 4 is a part sectional elevation of the blowing nozzle. Referring in particular to Fig 1, there is shown a glass forming machine comprised of -a base 10, a center column 11, and a table 12 adapted to support one or more neck forming moulds 13 This table 12 may be adapted for rotation about the center line of lPtice 3 s 6 d l the column 11 to move the moulds 3 with their formed parisons 14 from the blank forming mould station 15 into the confines of a blowing mould 16 The blowing mould 50 16 is stationary so far as rotation is concerned and is mounted upon a base structure Blow mould 16 is of the usual split type and hinged about the post 21 for opening and closing movement The blowing head unit 55 22 is mounted on a vertical standard 23 and adapted to be manually swung to and from operating position

about a fulcrum 25. Mounted in the base structure 20 is fluid accumulating chamber 30 which is supplied 60 with fluid under pressure from a main line 31 and from which a series of conduits lead to the various operating mechanisms In this instance, air is supplied to the cylinder blowing head unit 22 through a line 32 which is 65 adapted for opening and closing by a cam 33 Air or fluid to the other end of the cylinder unit 22 is provided through line 35 which in turn is controlled by a cam 36 Cams 33 and 36 are mounted on a shaft 37 which is 70 driven through a motor unit 38. Referring in particular to Fig 2 air from the line 32 passes down through the conduits and 41 into the vertical conduit 42 which supplies air to the top end of the cylinder 75 49 and piston 50 Also, air from the same conduit 42 passes down and enters into the cylinder 51 above the piston 52 Conduit 40 extends completely through shaft 25 and a plug 40 a is provided to separate it into two 80 parts, the upper portion of which leads to channel 41 and the lower portion of which leads to channel 71. A spring 53 normally acts to hold the piston 52 in its upper position in the cylin 85 der 51 but as the air pressure from conduit 42 enters into the cylinder 51 above the piston, it tends to compress the springs 53, such compression dependent upon the amount of leakage provided by a small open 90 ing 55 in piston 52 and the additional leakage from cylinder 51 permitted through 2 784,921 opening 56 by a needle valve 57 The ad shown in Fig 2 and withdraw the blowing justment of needle valve 57 permits a bal member 60 from the confines of the blowing ancing of -the active air pressure on the op mould and the neck mould. posite sides of baffle 70 forming part of Thus, as the table 12 rotates it brings each piston 52 to thereby permit control of the successive neck mould 13 to the blowing 55 exhaust of the blowing air from the inside station where because of the floating baffle of the blown ware and also the control of 70 there is no necessity for having the top the ware temperature surface of the neck moulds 13 in any exact As the air continues to pass through the horizontal plane with respect to the baffle 70 conduit 42 to the top end of piston 50 in or the blow head 22 It will be noted that 60 cylinder 49, the piston will be caused to move during the blowing operation there is no downwardly and project the piston rod 59 actual physical contact as between the memand blowing tube 60 attached thereto, into bers of the blowing head unit and the neck the hollow portion 61 of the parison 14 As mould 13 or the parison 14. the piston 50 reaches its downward position The blowing member 60 is threaded into 65 as indicated by the dotted lines at "A" in the piston

rod 59 as at 75 and is interchangeFig 2, air will enter through the conduit 62 able therein, in order to provide blowing of the piston rod 59 and thence through the tubes of the required lengths and diameters. opening 64 in the blowing tube 60 This en The blowhead assembly 22 may be manutrance of air into conduit 62 in the piston rod ally moved out of operative position by re 70 59 is controlled by the stripping of the bush leasing the spring detent 80 and swinging the ing 58 from the pin 58 a thus permitting the head about the shaft 25.


* GB784922 (A)

Description: GB784922 (A) ? 1957-10-16

Improvements in or relating to a machine and method for supplying a chargeof propellant to an aerosol container and for thereafter sealing the latter


'COMPLETE SPECIFICATION Improvemexlts in or relating to a Machine and method for Supplying a Charge of Propellant to an Aerosol Container and for thereafter Sealing the Latter We, PRECISION VALVE CORPORATION, a corporation of the State of New York, of 700 Nepperhan Avenue, Yonkers 3, New York, United States of America, (Assigneesl of JOHN RICHARD FOCHT) do hereby declare the invent tion, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, (to be particularly described in and' by the following statement:

This invention is a machine and method for supplying a charge of propellant to an aerosol container and for thereafter sealing the latter. In the packaging of aerosols within metal containers, it has heretofore been the practice (l) to introduce the material to be dispensed into the container, (2); then to attach the dis- pensing valve to the container, (3) then to evacuate air from the container, and 1(43 then to introduce the propellant, e.g. material known under the Registered Trade Mark Freon,, into the container through the valve while the latter is held open, the spray button then being attached. These operations have generally been performed by placing the material to be dispensed in the container and permanently attaching the valve to the latter before introducing the assembly into a machine embodying a succession of stations with operating heads, where the remaining operations are consecutively performed.. In contradistinction to the 'above, one object of this invention is to provide a machine having a single station at which a container with material to be dispensed1 therein and loosely carrying a closure cr discharge valve may be supplied through the open top of the con; tainer with a propellant, after which the closure is secured te the container whilst it remains at said station. With the above object in view, a machine according to this invention for supplying a charge of propellant to a container and for thereafter sealing the latter, comprises a seat to receive and support in upright position a container having a top opening with a closure loosely resting therein, an operating head positioned above the seat, means for producing relative movement between the seat and the head to bring about engagement between the head and the container, means on the head for producing a seal around the top opening of the container when the head is engaged with the latter, means on the head for lifting the do sure free from the top opening lof the container, means for introducing a propellant through the head into the container while the closure is lifted, means for thereafter lowering the closure, and means on the head for thereafter sealing the closure to the container to form a hermetic seal therewith. The container is then removed from the machine as. all the operations required thereon have been completed. A method according to this invention of introducing propellant into and sealing an aerosol container having a top opening, com prises loosely mounting in said top opening a

closure carrying an outlet valve, thereafter il-ift- ing the closure to leave the container opening completely unobstructed whereby, thereafter introducing a predetermined quantity of propellant into the container through the unobstruck top opening thereof, and thereafter re-applying the closure to the opening and sealing it to the container. In the accompanying drawings . Fig. 1 is a somewhat diagrammatic perspective view of one embodiment- of machine according to this invention, and shows primary electrical controls therefor. Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the line 2-2 of Fig. l. Fig. 31 i9 a side sectional elevation on the line 3-3-- of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a sectional- plan view on the line 44 of Figs. 3 and 8 Figs. 5-10 are views illustrating -successive steps in the operation of the machine from the time a container is placed in the machine to the time when the container cap is crimped in place on the container to complete the filling and sealing operation. Fig. 8 is a side sectonal elevation on the irregular line 8-8 of Fig. 4 and Fig. 10 is a side sectional elevation on the line 10-10 of Fig. 3 Fig. 11 is an electric wiring diagram for the machine shown in the foregoing figures of the drawings. 1 designates a frame having a table 2 and a lower shelf 3. The table 2 supports an upright tubular guide 4 in which an axially movable plunger 5 is keyed against rotation. Plunger 5 carries a horizontaL arm 6 and an upright rod 7 passes downwardly through the arm 6 and plunger 5 and has a link connection 8 with a crank 9 mounted on a reducing gear 10 of conventional form. The rod 7 passes loosely through the arm 6 and plunger 5 and has a head 11 with a spring 12 between the head and the arm 6.i Shelf 3 supports a constant speed electric motor 13 having a belt drive to pulley 14 which is connected to reducing gear 10 through an interposed clutch and brake assembly 15 of any conventional form. This clutch and brake assembly serves to operatively connect the pulley 14 with the reducing gear to drive the latter at proper times and to brake the reducing gear at other times. The reducing gear drives two cams 16 and 17 operable upon micro-switches 18 and 19 to control electric circuits. Mounted rigidly on arm 6 is an operating head embodying a pair of cylinders, namely, an upper cylinder 20i and a lower cylinder 21. Cylinder 21 has an upper cylinder head 22, Fig. 3, provided with an upright tubular shank 23 which extends upwardly through an opening in the arm 6. The shank 23 is externally screw-threaded above the arm to receive a clamping nut 24 which locks

the shank rigidly to the arm and at the same time rigidly supports the lower cylinder on the arm. The upper end of the shank 23 is counterbored and internally screw-threaded to receive a depending shank 25 formed on the lower cylinder head 26 of the upper cylinder 20, whereby the upper cylinder 20 is aIso rigidly; supported on the arm 5. The lower end of the lower cylinder 21 is closed by a lower cylinder head 27, Fig. 3, of tubular form and mounted in the cylinder 21 between the heads 22 and 27 is piston 2*8 having a cylindrical sleeve 29. The lower edge of sleeve 29 is channeled to receive a sealing gasket 30 of rub'ber. The upper surface of the lower cylinder head 27 is cut awav as shown at 31, so that, when the piston 28 is seated on said lower head, the space 31 is between them--, see Fig. 3. The piston 28 has a counterbored chamber 32 to receive ecve an enlarged head 33 of a tubular crimping member 34 which is slotted at arcuately spaced apart distances to divide the lower portion of this crimping member into spring arms or clamping jaws 35 having external beads 36. Within the upper cylinder 20 is a piston 37, Fig. 2, having a piston rod 38 on which is mounted a jaw operating plunger 39, Fig. 3. This plunger is chamfered at its lower end. When the plunger 39 is in a raised position, the jaws radially contract but, when the plunger is forced dvnwardly against the ini terior converging faces of the jaws, these jaws are forced apart in a radial direction for the purpose of crimping a cap onto a container as will be hereinafter described. Plunger 39 is operated by piston 317 in cylinder 20 and the piston is, in turn, pneumatically operated by compressed air admitted through inlets 40 and 41. Air is selectively introduced at the opposite sides of the piston 37 through a four-way solenoid valve 42, shown in Fig. 1, controlled by a switcll 43. The lower piston 28 is normally lowered by a spring 44, but is operated by suction and compressed air, there being a suction inlet 45 into the cylinder above the piston and a compressed air inlet 46 below the piston. The lower head 27 of the lower cylinder is provided below the wall of the cylinder 21 with propellant inlet passages 47 arranged tangentially of the inner cylindrical surface of the head, as shown in Fig. 4. The propellant Fs fed under pressure through inlets 48, Fig. 1, to solenoid valves 49 of any conventional kind. The valves 49 normally seal the passages 47 but they are adapted, when the coils of the solenoids are energized, to unseal the passages 47 so that the propellant may enter the container. From Figs. 4 and 8 it will be

noted that when the propellant is fed into the intenor of the lower cylinder head, it enters the chamber therein tangen,ally without frothing. Containers to be charged and sealed are positioned upon The table 2 against an angular stop 50. When a container, such as indicated at C, Fig. 1, is brought into this predetermined position, it actuates a micro-s.vitch 51 to dose a circuit and start the operations of the machine. In the operation of this machine, the various parts thereof function in predetermined sequence by electric control of the several mechanisms involved. For this purpose, any wellknown and conventional form of sequence timer T is employed. The timer is connected by electric circuits with the several microswitches referred to and operates in a conventional manner to render the several microswitches effective to start the operations in proper succession. Fig. 11 shows the wiring connections to the several switches shown in Fig. 1. The construcgional details of a sequence timer are not herein described because there are so many well known commercial forms of sequence timers that they may be considered conventional. The machine operates as follows: A metal container C having a top opening first receives a quantity of the material to be dispersed'. A cup X having a valve unit, spray button and dip tube, see Figs. 6-10 and the Specifiction d Patent No. 168006.7 is then loosely placed in the top opening of the container. The container is then brought into the position shown ini Fig. 1 and, as it seats against guide 50, it closes the micro-switch 51. This starts the timer T which closes the circuit to the power unit 52 to control the brake and clutch assembly 114. As a result, the constantly driven motor 13 will be coupled to the reducing gear 10 for the purpose of moving the crank 9 from the upper dead centre position shown in Fig.- 1 to its lower dead centre position. By the time this operation is completed, the cau 1'6 associated with the reducing gear 10 acts upon the micro-switch 18 to disengage the clutch and engage the brake of the clutch and brake assembly 15 to leave the crank at rest at the lower dead centre position. The crank 9 in moving from the upper dead centre position to the lower dead centre position lowers the arm 6 and the lower cylinder 21 so that its lower cylinder head 27 bears upon and firmly clamps the container C to the table, while a resilient gasket 53 bears against the top of the container and forms a leak proof seal therewith, see Figs. 3 and '6. The spring 12 enables the arm 16 to be yieldably lowered to compensate for containers, of slightly different heights. This piston 28 also moves and spring 44 in said cylinder forces the lower edge of the cylindrical sleeve 29 against the upstanding edge of

the cup X so that withe gasket 30 in the lower edge of said sleeve also forms, a leak-proof seal with the cup X. The timer T then acts upon the solenoid valve 54 (Figs. 1 and 11) to place the connection 45 of Fig. 3 under vacuum and thereby to exhaust the portion of the cylinder above the lower piston 28. The vacuum is oomgnuni- cated through a passage 55 to the interior of the tubular sleeve 29 and acts to anchor the cup X to the lower end' of said tubular sleeve 29 This vacuum is insufficient to overcome the tension of the spring 44 and thus the piston 28 remains in its lowered position of Fig. 3e While this vacuum is held, to hold the cup to the piston sleeve 29, the timer energizes a solenoid valve 56 (Figs. 1 and 11)l to admit compressed air through the inlet 46 (Fig., 3) into the space 31 below the piston 218. As a result, the piston is elevated to lift the cup out of the top opening of the container as shown in Fig. 7. While the piston is thus elevated, the timer energizes the twin solenoid valves 49 and the propellant is fed into the container through the channels 417 of Figs. 4 and 8 This feed may be timed or the propellant may be passed through a suitable measuring valve. As soon as enough propellant has been fed, the timer T de-energizes the twin solenoid valves 419. Immediately thereafter, the timer energizes two solenoid operated valves 57 (Figs. 1 and 11) to vent both the upper and lower portions of the lower cylinder 21., The spring 44 immediately lowers the piston 27 of said cylinder to reseat the cup X in the container opening, see Fig. 9. After the cup has been seated, the timer closes a micro-switch 58 which, in turn, closes a relay ;4;36 to energize a fourvay solenoid valve 42 (Fig 1) and feed compressed air into the upper cylinder 20 above the piston 37 (Fig. 2) This piston is thus depressed carrying with it the jaw operating plunger 39 which forces apart the jaws 35. That portion of the cup below the lip of the opening in the container is expanded radially by the jaws and is forced into tight sealing relation with the margin of the container opening. As this operation is completed, the downward movement of the piston 37 acts upon the enlarged head 59, Fig. 2, of a switch-contolling pin 60 to depress it and break the circuit at the micro-switch 5+8 so that the fourway valve 42 vents the upper chamber of the cylinder 20 and admits compressed air at 41 to the lower portion of the cylinder. The piston 37 is thus elevated land retums the plunger 39 to the position shown in Fig. 2. The timer next energizes the power unit 52 to disengage the brake and engage the clutch of the assembly 15 and the motor 13 thereupon drives the reducing gear 10 to return the crank 9 from the lower dead centre

position to the initial upper dead centre position lof Fig. 1. The arm !6 and associated parts of the head are thus lifted free from the charged and sealed container. As soon as the crank 9 reaches the upper dead centre position, the caml 17 (Fig. 1) trips the micro-switch 19 so that the brake is set and the clutch released, and so that aldi the parts, lexcept the motor, come to rest in the initial position. The operator may then remove the container and place another container in position to be operated upon through a recurrence of the operations hereinbefore described. The foregoing detailed description sets forth the invention in its preferred practioal form, but changes may be resorted to within the scope of the invention. For example, in the machine shown in the accompanying drawings, the container is positioned on a seat which forms part of the table 2. The seat, as well as the rest of the table, is stationary and the operating head is raised and lowered to engage with the container through operation of the plunger 5 as describes Inasmuch as the primary purpose of this arrangement is to bring about engagement and disengagement due to relative movement between the container and the head, it is entirely practical to mount the arm 6 rigidly upon the part 4, so that the head will be rigid with the table, and to move the seat up and down to bring the container into and out of engagement with the head. For this purpose, the portion of the table which embodies the seat and carries the guide 50 may be in the form of a movable platform mounted foi vertical adjustment and operated from the redicing gear mechanism 10 by a lift 8 in the same manner as hereinbefore described, so as to move the seat up and down in proper timed relations with the other parts of the machine. What we claim is : - 1. A machine for supplying a charge of propellant to an aerosol container and for thereafter sealing the latter, comprising a seat to receive and support in upright position a coif- tainer having a top opening with a closure loosely resting therein, an operating head positioned above the seat, means for producing relative movement between the seat and the head to bring about engagement between the head and the container, means on the head for producing a seal around the top opening of the container when the head is engaged with the latter, means on the head for lifting ihe closure free from the top opening of the container, means for introducing a propellant through the head into the container while the closure is lifted, means for thereafter lowering the closure, and means on the head for there after sealing the closure to the container to form a hermetic seal therewith. 2. A machine according to claim 1, wherein the means for producing a

seal benveen the head and the container is in the form of a gasket carried by the head and engageable with the container. 3. A machine according to claim 1, wherein the head embodies a cylinder having therein a piston provided with a gasket adapted to form a seal with the closure, and means for introducing compressed air below the piston to raise the latter for the purpose of lifting the closure from the top opening of the container to permit introduction of the propellant. 4. A machine according to claim 3, wherein during the lifting lof the piston the closure is anchored by vacuum to a gasket at the lower end of a sleeve depending from the piston. 5. A machine according to claim 3, or 4, including a spring acting upon the piston to normally holdi the same in lowered position. 6. A machine according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the means for introducing the propellant into the container comprises passages leading into a chamber in the head tangentially of said chamber. 7. A machine according to claim 6, wherein the flow of propellant through said passages is valve-controlled. 8. A machine according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the means for sealing the closure to the container comprises a plurality of annularly arranged crimping jaws, and a plunger operable within said jaws to radially force them apart to perform the crimping operation. 9. A machine according to daim 8, wherein the plunger is provided with means for pneu magically operating the same. 10. A machine according to any one of claims 1 wherein the means for producing relative movement between the head and the seat comprises a prime mover, change speed gearing operable by said prime mover, a crank and pitman including a spring for yieldably engaging the head with the container. 11. A machine according to claim 9, wherein the connection between the prime mover and the change speed gearing includes a clutch and brake assembly, and means for timing the operations of the clutch and brake assembly to synchronize their operations with the operation of the parts carried by the head. 12 A machine according to any one of claims 1-11, comprising electrically controlled means for synchronizing the operations of the different parts of the machine, and a switch positioned at said seat to be engaged by a container when positioned on said seat for starting the operation of the synchronizing means. 13. The method of introducing propellant into and sealing an aerosol container having a top opening, comprising loosely mounting in said top opening a closure carrying an out Jet valve, thereafter lifting the closure to leave the container opening completely unobstructed thereby, thereafter introducing a

predetermined quantity of propellant into the container through the unobstructed top opening thereof, and thereafter re-applying the closure to the opening land sealing it to the container. 14. The method according to claim 13, wherein material to be dispensed is introduced into the container prior to the sealing of the closure thereto. 15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the propellant is injected into the container substantially tangentially of the top opening thereof. 16. A machine for supplying a charge of propellant to an aerosol container and for thereafter sealing the latter, constructed and adapted to operate substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

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