4420_igcse_ physics_ msc_20070803
TRANSCRIPT
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Mark Scheme Summer 2007
IGCSE
IGCSE Physics (4420)
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Summer 2007
All the material in this publication is copyright Edexcel Ltd 2007
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Contents
1. Paper 1F 42. Paper 2H 103. Paper 3 20
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PHYSICS 4420, MARK SCHEME
Abbreviations used in mark schemes:OWTTE - or words to that effectdop - depending on previousecf - error carried forwardora - or reverse argumentsfs - start from scratchUP - unit penalty
Paper 1F
Question 1
Qupart
Answer(s) Extra Information Mark(s)
a (i) A 1a (ii) B 1b(i) frequency 1b(ii) period 1c(i) any two of:
gamma X-rays ultra violet (visible) light infra red microwaves radio waves rope/slinky spring waggled side to
side
Allow electromagnetic for 1mark but do not awardanother mark for a part of theelectromagnetic spectrum
or words to that effect, but
not just slinky spring
2
c(ii) longitudinal (waves) allow sound wavesor slinky spring pushed andpulled
1
7 marks
Question 2Qupart
Answer(s) Extra Information Mark(s)
a (i) case/plug is damaged/broken/has piecemissing
fuse/earth exposed 1
a (ii) could touch inside/live wire/fuse 1get (an electric) shock 1
a(iii) fuse 1a(iv) any two of:
get hotter melt
fail to conduct/breaks/switchesoff
accept get hot
accept switch offignore effects on glass
2
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b(i)
(b)(ii)
insulator/non-conductor
will not get a shock (if you touch it )
any two ofhas an earth wire /connection/it isearthed
if there is a fault, electricity will go toearth/metal will not be live
will not get a shock if touch it
ora
but not if alreadycredited in (b)(i)
1
1
2
10 marks
Question 3
Qupart
Answer(s) Extra Information
A
(b)(i)
(b)(ii)
all points correct
answer in range 67 to 68 inclusive
answer in range 2.3 to 2.4inclusive
to the nearest mm in anydirectionand not blobs (more than 1mm across)deduct (1) for each wrong pointto a minimum of zero
or correct from candidatesgraph
or correct from candidatesgraphallow 2 hr 18 m 2 hr 24 m
3
1
1
c (average) speed = distance(moved) time (taken)
or correctly transposed versionallow use of letterse.g. a = d/t
1
6 marks
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Question 4
Qupart
Answer(s) Extra Information Mark(s)
a insulation 1conduction 1
b cold down
warm .. up
cold warm no ecf
convection
both correct for the mark
may be reversed with the pairaboveallow hot for warm
order must be correct but allowhot for warm
1
1
1
1
6 marks
Question 5
Qupart
Answer(s) Extra Information
a density = mass volume or any correctly transposedversiondo not accept weight for massallow use of letters
1
b(i) (volume) = length x thickness xwidth
or any correctly transposedversion
accept breadth for widthallow use of letters
1
b(ii) millimetres/mm 1c none/no change accept the same 1d 2.7 (g/cm3) accept the same 1
5 marks
Question 6
Qupart
Answer(s) Extra Information
a ZXA
all three correctallow (1) for one or two correct
2
b(i)
(b)(ii)
(b)(iii)
proton(s)
nucleus
neutron(s)
proton(s) (1)
1
1
1
2
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(b)(iv)
neutron(s) (1)
electron(s) proton(s) either order 1
b(v) alpha/ 1
beta/ order of and may bereversed 1
gamma/ 1
11 marks
Question 7
a negatively accept negative 1electrons 1 comb hair both in correct order 1
b any two of
1do not credit positive chargescannot move through the comb
plastic/comb is an insulator/non-conductor
chargescannot pass through thecomb/cannot leak away/bedischarged/go to earth
chargecannot pass through (dry) air
1
(5 marks)
Question 8
a(i) attract 1a(ii) curved line from one end to the
opposite end (1)arrow from N to S (1)
do not credit if lines cross
do not credit if arrowscontradict
11
b steel (1) iron (1) order must be correct 2(5 marks)
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Question 9
Qu part Answer(s) Extra Information Mark(s)a(i) C 1
a(ii) sloping downwards slowing down 1
a(iii) constant less than acceleration /decreases slowly / takes alonger time than theacceleration / (area) A is lessthan (area) C / (train) travelsa greater distance whiledecelerating than whenaccelerating
1
b(i) area (under graph) A + B + C 1
b(ii) horizontal non zero linebelow line on graphfor the correct time
dopindependent
111
7 marks
Question 10Qu part Answer(s) Extra Information Mark(s)
a(i) resistor/resistance/rheostatpower supply/battery/cell
11
a(ii) = 0.4 20= 8 (C)
11
b lamp in parallelswitch in series with secondlamp
dop11
6 marks
Question 11
Qu part Answer(s) Extra Information Mark(s)a angle of incidence equals
angle of reflection(angle) i = (angle)r
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correct angle independent 1
b(ii) cover outside of window open/close/tilt window/fitshutters (outside)
1
c(i) infra-red i.r ignore heat / radiation 1
c(ii) ultraviolet u.v 1
d (same) speed / velocity transverse 17 marks
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Paper 2H
Question 1
Qu
part
Answer(s) Extra Information Mark(s)
a(i) C 1
a(ii) sloping downwards slowing down 1
a(iii) constant less than acceleration /decreases slowly / takes alonger time than theacceleration / (area) A is lessthan (area) C / (train) travelsa greater distance whiledecelerating than when
accelerating
1
b(i) area (under graph) A + B + C 1
b(ii) horizontal non zero linebelow line on graphfor the correct time
dopindependent
111
7 marks
Question 2
Qupart
Answer(s) Extra Information Mark(s)
a(i) resistor/resistance/rheostatpower supply/battery/cell
11
a(ii) = 0.4 20= 8 (C)
11
1b lamp in parallelswitch in series with secondlamp
1dop
6 marks
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Question 3Qu
partAnswer(s) Extra Information Mark(s)
1a angle of incidence equalsangle of reflection
(angle) i = (angle)r
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Question 5Qu
partAnswer(s) Extra Information Mark(s)
a magnetic field / flux (incoil) changes
voltage / current induced /electromagnetic induction /emi
dop11
1
b pedal faster more wire on coilsuse stronger magnetreduce gap(s)
1
4 marks
Question 6Qu
part
Answer(s) Extra Information Mark(s)
1a diffraction accept phonetic spelling
b(i) correct shapesame wavelengthtwo more wavefronts
111
b(ii) increase wavelengthdecrease size of gap
or decrease frequencyignore speeddo not credit make equal
11
1c(i) outside audible range frequency too highor it/25 000 (Hz) isultrasoundor range of (human) hearingis 20 to 20 000 (Hz)ignore reference to gap
c(ii) v = f = 340 / 25 000
= 0.0136 (m)
recall in any formmanipulation andsubstitutionor 0.014 (m)
111
10 marks
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Question 7Qu
partAnswer(s) Extra Information Mark(s)
a(i) left : analogueright : digital
1
a(ii) analogue continuous
digital on and off
allow continual / has anyvalue / values /has many values1 or 0 / only two values orallow two reasons foreither analogue or digital
11
1b one advantage clearer/less prone tointerferencecan be reproduced /repaired / restored
do not credit just can beamplified zerointerference
1c telecommunications allow any feasible responsee.g. CD players
5 marks
Question 8
2a for equilibrium/balance (1)(total) clockwise moment = (total)anticlockwise moment (1)
allow turning effect formoment
2b 40 (newtons) (2) allow load x 0.12 = 8 x 0.60for (1)
4 marks
Question 9
1a (a cathode ray) oscilloscope/ CRO1b (the) frequency (of vibration/the
wave)(number of) cycles per second
1c amplitude (of vibration/the wave) accept its energy / intensitynot volume
3 marks
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Question 10
1a 293 (K) allow 293 (K) not -293 (K) nor 293 C (K)
3b 910 (kPa)
or850 293 = pressure 313
(1)or correctly transposed version(1)or 908.xxx(2)or error carried forward frompart (a)
no credit for working in C
4 marks
Question 11
2a any two of
renewable/no fuel required no (chemical/air) pollution lake (behind dam) may be used
for fishing/recreationalpurposes
lake may be used as a source ofwater
can be stored
these are examples otherappropriate points may also becredited
2b any two of
valley flooded villages/farmland/habitats
destroyed
not suitable if low (annual)rainfall
not suitable for lowland location may be a long way from demand may not operate in time of
drought
eyesore
these are examples otherappropriate points may also becredited
credit can result in flooding
4 marks
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Question 12
Qupart
Answer(s) Extra Information Mark(s)
a (i) F(is larger) because the lorry isaccelerating
or B is smaller becausenot just F
1
a (ii) (unbalanced) force = mass xacceleration / F = ma
or any correctly transposedversion
1
a (iii) 1.2 (2)m/s2 or ms-2 or N/Kg
or = 15 000 12 500 (1) 21
b direction changes
only two of:
(because) acceleration is (rateof) change of velocity
(and) velocity is speed in aparticular direction
acceleration / velocity is avector / not a scalar
allow any specific directionchange e.g. goes round a bende.g. goes uphill
1
2
1c(i) (driver) has consumedalcohol/taken drugs/istired/inexperienced/elderly
accept has been drinkingdo not credit factors which mayonly affect the time before thedriver reacts e.g. poorweather/ visibility /eyesight/hearing/ lack of concentrationaccept high speed but notjust speed
1c(ii) poor brakes/ slippery road/ worntyres
must be qualified, do not creditjust brakes for exampleaccept high speed but notjust speednote high speed may becredited for d(i) and again ford(ii)
do not credit any unqualifiedresponse e.g. just friction
10 marks
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Question 13
Qupart
Answer(s) Extra Information Mark(s)
1a(i) direct currenta(ii) loudspeaker / speaker do not accept a vague response
such as in a radio1
5b (magnetic) field (1)north south (1)(electric) current (1)positive negative (1)motion/movement/force (1)
allow north (pole)south (pole)or + and -
2c increase the strength/intensity ofthe magnetic field (1)increase the current (1)
accept use a more powerfulmagnetaccept increase thevoltage/p.d.
do not credit references toresistance or number ofcoils/turns
9 marks
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Question 14
Qupart
Answer(s) Extra Information Mark(s)
1a(i) normal do not accept perpendicularor vertical
1a(ii) (angle) e / E1a(iii) (angle of) refraction accept phonetic spelling but
not anything which could betaken for refelction
1a(iv) refractive index = sine of angle ofincidence sine of angle ofrefraction
rsin
isinn =
1a(v) continues in the same direction /does not bend
allow its a straight line
1a(vi) any one of
ray is on the normal angle of incidence = 0 angle of refraction = 0 at 90 / right angles to the
boundary / perpendicular
3b(i) refraction towards normal(1)then refraction away from normalat the opposite face(1)emergent ray appears to be parallel
to incident ray(1)
2b(ii) ray continues in a straight line toback force(1)reflects down and straight out atright angles(1)
dop
11 marks
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Question 15
Qupart
Answer(s) Extra Information Mark(s)
2a gravitational/potential (1)kinetic/movement (1)
correct order essentialignore energy
1b(i) (some) energy transferred asthermal energy/heat
or some energy transferred asinternal kinetic energyor friction (between/with . )or energy changes not 100%efficient
1b(ii) higher the waterfall then the higherthe temperature increase
allow (temperature increase isdirectly) proportional (to theheight of the waterfall)
6(c) (i) axes labelled speed and kineticenergy / ke(1)
with linear scales (1)both axes labelled with units (1)either all points correct(2)or four points correct(1)
smooth curve of best fitto candidates points(1)
to the nearest mm in anydirectionand not blobs (more than 1mm across)not dot-to-dot or tram-lined orthicker than 1 mmignore 0 to 3 m/s
1c(ii) answer in range 3.7 to 4.0 inclusive or correct from candidatesgraph
11 marks
Question 16
1a fastrandom
both required with no additionsallow any clear andunambiguousmethod of indication
b hit/collide with it/the inside / walls
creates/exerts a force
on the surface/area (not walls)
or words to that effect
or pressure = force areaor P = F/A
1
1
1
2c(i) 270 (2) accept 150 x 90 = pressure x 50for (1)
c(ii) mass remains constant / the same(1)temperature remains constant / thesame (1)
or no gas escapeseither order
2
c(iii) kilopascal(s) accept phonetic spellings 1
9 marks
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Question 17
2a 230 and 90 for thorium (1)
4 and 2 for helium (1)
any change to thorium symbolcancels this markany change to helium symbolcancels this markany change to uranium deduct(1) from positive total
1b(i) to allow/give/produce a (narrow)beam /in one direction (of alphaparticles/radiation)
so that they go straight to thegold (foil)not all go straight..
b(ii) mostof the (gold) atom is emptyspace
do not credit just there isspace in the gold
1
2b(iii) repelledby the centre/nucleus(ofan atom) (1)(as) both have positive / +ve / same
charge (1)
or affected by electrostaticforce
(1) between the nucleus and
the(alpha) particles (1)
1b(iv) centre/nucleus very small/tiny not just small2b(v) (these were) further away from the
centre/nucleus(1)(these were) moving faster (1)
either orderor more (kinetic) energy
1b(vi) (tiny) spark/flash (oflight)/scintillation
do not credit there was acolour changeignore references tosound/noise
10 marks
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Paper 3
Question 1Qu
part
Answer(s) Extra Information Mark
1(a) x= 11-12 mm
(b)(i)
(b)(ii)
two diagonals (part of)
where they cross indicated dop
vertical lines (by eye)through pinthrough candidates G or dot
or from centres of oppositesides
G does not have to be labelled
1
1
11
1(b)(iii) x = 22-23 mm
(b)(iv) anticlockwise
G left of vertical through pin
down/down(ward)s/falls/fallsto the right/rotates to therightdo not accept moving/goes tothe right
do not credit answer to (b)(v)here
1
1
1(b)(v) G vertically/ below pin As in Diag 2pin above G
1(c) not regular/not symmetrical/notuniform/asymmetric/uneven/notequal/irregular/non uniform
ignore: no corners or straightlines or edges or the sides arenot equal
(d)
(e)
1. clamp pin2. pin through card3. plumb line on pin4. plumb line to drawvertical line5. repeat through another
part of card6. point where lines cross
to be able to swing freely (aboutpinhole)sharp pencilno draughtscard of uniform thickness
1.use pin2. balance card max 2
clamp card max 2
max 4
repeat for more holes/thirdholenot repeat and take averagecredit where seenor balance on pin
111
1
1
15marks
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Question 2Qu
partAnswer(s) Extra Information Mark(s)
(a) 40 scores 337-43 scores 139-41 scores 2values below 37score 0values above 43score 0
37 38 39 40 41 42 43
1 1 2 3 2 1 1
111
(b)(i)
(b)(ii)
95 / 2 x their area
= 1.2 ecf/ecf
sig fig 2 or 3 only
explain sig.fig.
factor of 2 errors in ForA lose 1st markonly
must refer to sig fig in ForA or raw dataindependent of (b)(i)
1
1
1
1
Pressure for one shoeA/cm2 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
P/N/cm2
2.71
2.64
2.57
2.5
2.44
2.38
2.32
2.26
2.21
2.16
2.11
7 marks
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Question 3
Qupart
Answer(s) Extra Information Mark(s)
(a) Series circuit showing ;
Fuse
power supply any symbol
ammeter
means of changing current
switch
see
Any 3
1
1
1
1
1
1
MAX 4
Values
Suitable values of voltage andresistance to give appropriatecurrent
1-10A ammeter
range at least 1A 4 A10 A means 0 10A
1
1
MAX 1Method
1. Switch on circuit2. Adjust current (to a
certain value)
3. Record current4. Start stopwatch5. Stop stopwatch when fuse
blows
6. Repeat for same current7. Repeat for other currents
adjust voltage orresistance mustmention current
measure time scores 1
circuit switched on,current varied untilfuse blowsscore 1. 3. 4. only
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
MAX 4
(b) ammeter : 3.5 A
stopwatch : 28.02 s
1
111 marks
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Question 4
Qu part Answer(s) Extra Information
(a) (lead) container/surrounding of source
(lead)
1
(b) 24
(c) 78 24 = 54
(d)(i) Correct plotting 1mm blobs > 2mm -1 once2
Curve 1
(d)(ii) procedure for reading off time axis
6 - 7 minutes
Allow fraction e.g. 6
Can be up to 8 min
for lower values of countrate
1
1
(e)(i) 54 - 55
(e)(ii) 4 .6 5.0 min
mention 24
correct use of 24 and graph55-24 = 31 leading to 10-12 min
regardless of working
read off for 55do not allow greater than 5
55+24 = 79 1.5 min (2)
1
1
(f)
(g)
count from source decreasing(quickly)/changing (not increasing)
not appropriate to average
read incorrect scale/wrong reading
not in counts per minute
not corrected for background
not 5 minutes after start of experiment
source decaying/only tim
for one result
readings will be different
different starting timemax 3
1
1
1
1
1
17 m
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