4 th grade core knowledge science : electricity review matter is everything around you. matter is...
TRANSCRIPT
4th Grade Core Knowledge Science :
Electricity
Review
Matter is everything around you. Matter is composed of elements. Atoms are the smallest unit of
an element. Atoms are made of smaller
subatomic particles-protons (+ charge), neutrons (no charge), and electrons (- charge)
More notes on atoms:
Protons are positively charged (+) and found in the nucleus (the center).
Neutrons do not hold a charge (neutral) and are found in the nucleus.
Electrons are negatively charged and spin around the nucleus.
electricity
-energy made available by the flow of an electric charge through a conductor
Static Electricity
The build up of an electrical charge
charge -an amount of
electricity caused by having too few or too many electrons
electron -a negatively
(-) charged particle that spins around the nucleus of an atom
Current A flow of
electrons
Electromagnet
a magnet formed by a current passed through a wire coiled around a core magnetic material; the current magnetizes the core
Electric Current The movement or
flow of an electrical charge, usually through an electrical circuit.
Electric Circuit a path through
which an electric current can flow
Conductor
material that readily allows an electric current to flow.
Example- copper and silver
Insulator
material that does not allow an electric current to flow
Example: plastic, glass, rubber, and wood.
Insulators
Insulators, cont.
Open circuit a circuit that
is not closed, or complete, and therefore DOES NOT allow electricity to flow
Closed Circuit A complete path
through which electricity can flow
Short Circuit
An accidental connection of low resistance made between points in a circuit in which electric currents can flow; a short circuit prevents the circuit from working as it is supposed to work.
Short circuit
Fuse A safety feature
in an electrical circuit that interrupts the circuit if the circuit goes beyond a safe level.