8/15/2019 4-delirium-130419170205-phpapp01

1/22

DELIRIUMMr.Abdulaziz R. Alanzi

Medical Student, Al-Imam University

Riyadh – Saudi Arabia

8/15/2019 4-delirium-130419170205-phpapp01

2/22

Delirium is an acute, luctuatin! disturbance "

c"nsci"usness, ass"ciated #ith a chan!e in c"!niti"n

"r the devel"$ment " $erce$tual disturbances

Deiniti"n

8/15/2019 4-delirium-130419170205-phpapp01

3/22

%linically delirium can be divided int" the "ll"#in! three

cate!"ries&

i. Hyperactive Delirium '()*+. atients are a!itated and hy$er alert #ith

re$etitive behavi"urs, #anderin!, hallucinati"ns and a!!ressi"n. Alth"u!h

rec"!nised earlier, there is ass"ciati"n #ith increased use " benz"diaze$ines,"ver sedati"n, use " 

restraints and alls.

ii. Hypoactive Delirium '*+. atients are /uiet and #ithdra#n #hich is "ten

missed "n a busy medical #ard leadin! t" increased len!th " stay, increased

and m"re severe c"m$licati"ns.

iii. Mixed Delirium. 0luctuatin! $attern seen in 1* " cases.

%lassiicati"n

8/15/2019 4-delirium-130419170205-phpapp01

4/22

%auses 2 R0s

8/15/2019 4-delirium-130419170205-phpapp01

5/22

Causes

Substanceinduced c"nditi"ns

3eneral Medical%"nditi"ns

Inecti"n

Metab"lic Dis"rders

he$atic "r renal ailure

seizure

4ead in5ury

Dru! int"6icati"n

dru! #ithdra#al

8/15/2019 4-delirium-130419170205-phpapp01

6/22

8/15/2019 4-delirium-130419170205-phpapp01

7/22

8/15/2019 4-delirium-130419170205-phpapp01

8/22

ath"$hysi"l"!y

8/15/2019 4-delirium-130419170205-phpapp01

9/22

8/15/2019 4-delirium-130419170205-phpapp01

10/22

8/15/2019 4-delirium-130419170205-phpapp01

11/22

%linical 0eatures

8/15/2019 4-delirium-130419170205-phpapp01

12/22

8/15/2019 4-delirium-130419170205-phpapp01

13/22

Dia!n"sis A$$r"ach

8/15/2019 4-delirium-130419170205-phpapp01

14/22

4ist"ry

7 In"rmati"n r"m a c"llateral s"urce such as a s$"use "r

an"ther amily member.

7 M"st im$"rtant thin!s t" as8 &

9. the $atient:s baseline c"!nitive uncti"n.

. the time c"urse " the $resent illness.

(. current medicati"ns.

8/15/2019 4-delirium-130419170205-phpapp01

15/22

8/15/2019 4-delirium-130419170205-phpapp01

16/22

8/15/2019 4-delirium-130419170205-phpapp01

17/22

Deerence bet#een

dementia and delirium

8/15/2019 4-delirium-130419170205-phpapp01

18/22

8/15/2019 4-delirium-130419170205-phpapp01

19/22

8/15/2019 4-delirium-130419170205-phpapp01

20/22

 

4al"$erid"l

8/15/2019 4-delirium-130419170205-phpapp01

21/22

7 Class& Anti$sych"tic and neur"le$tic

7 4al"$erid"l is a re/uently used tran/uilizer.

7 MOA& 4al"$erid"l is a ma5"r tran/uilizer " the butyr"$hen"ne class that has $r"ved

eective in mana!ement " acute $sych"tic e$is"des. It has $harmac"l"!ical

$r"$erties similar t" th"se " the $hen"thiazine class " dru!s 'e.!., ;h"razine+.

4al"$erid"l a$$ears t" bl"c8 d"$amine rece$t"rs in the brain ass"ciated #ith m""d and

behavi"r. 4"#ever, its $recise mechanism " acti"n Is n"t clearly underst""d.

4al"$erid"l has #ea8 antich"liner!ic $r"$erties.

7 Half-Life& (-( h"urs

7 Indications& 4al"$erid"l is used in acute $sych"tic e$is"des.

7 Contraindications& 4al"$erid"l sh"uld n"t be administered in cases in #hich "ther

dru!s, es$ecially sedatives, may be $resent. It sh"uld n"t be used in the mana!ement" dys$h"ira caused by ;al#in because it may $r"m"te sedati"n and anesthesia.

7 SE& E6tra$yramidal Sym$t"ms 'ES+, Ins"mnia, Restlessness, Dr"#siness,

;achycardia, Seizures, Res$irat"ry De$ressi"n, Dry M"uth, %"nsti$ati"n, 4y$"tensi"n

8/15/2019 4-delirium-130419170205-phpapp01

22/22

;4A?U

d0pa@hotmail.com@AbdulazizEnazi

http://imamu.academia.edu/AbdulazizAlanzi 

http://imamu.academia.edu/AbdulazizAlanzihttp://imamu.academia.edu/AbdulazizAlanzi