3g planning overview for rae indoor 250106

5/20/2018 3G Planning Overview for RAE Indoor 250106

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Company Confidential

1 2005 Nokia V1-Filename.ppt / yyyy-mm-dd / Initials

WCMDA Planning Overview

Telkomsel RAE Indoor

25 January 2006


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Table of contents

Introduction 3G Radio Network Planning

Link Budget

Handover and Power Control

Scrambling Code Planning

Optimization

2G-3G Indoor Co-sitting Issue


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IMT-2000 Spectrum Allocations

2200 MHz20001900 1950 2050 2100 21501850

JapanIMT-2000PHS

IMT-2000

ITUMobile

Satellite

IMT-2000 IMT-2000

Europe

UMTS

(FDD)DECT

UMT

S(TDD)

GSM

1800

UMTS(TDD)

UMTS

(FDD)

USAPCS

unlicensed

PCSPCS

UMTS(TDD)

IMT-2000(TDD)

Mobile

Satellite

Mobile

Sa

tellite

Mo

bile

Sat

ellite

Mobile

Satellite

Mobile

Satellite

Mobile

Satellite

Mobile

Satellite


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Indonesia 3G Spectrum Allocations

1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910

CDMA2000 UPLINK

Flexi WIN Primasel

1920

Indosat

10688 10813 10838

1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980

WCDMA UPLINK

Flexi WIN Primasel

CDMA2000 DOWNLINK

1990

IndosatCAC Maxis Lippo

10713 10763 10788107381066310638106131058810563

10688 10713 10738

2120 2130 2140 2150 2160 2170

WCDMA DOWNLINK

CAC Maxis Lippo

2110

1066310638106131058810563 10813 1083810763 10788


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What is new in WCDMA?

Multiservice Environment

Bit rates from 12.2 kbit/s to 2 Mbit/s, alsovariable rate

In RAN 1.5 max bitrate is 384 kbit/s

Services divided to Real-time (RT) & Non

Real-time (NRT)

Different quality classes

Conversation (Voice) Video call

Streaming

Interactive (Web Browsing)

Background (Downloads, Email)

Asymmetric uplink and downlink traffic

Common Channel Data Traffic

Inter-System Handovers

Air Interface

Capacity and coverage coupled (cellbreathing)

Load factor

Neighbour cells coupled via interference

Neighbour cells using same frequency

Soft handover

MS is connected to two or more BTS atsame time

Rake receiver allows to combine multi-

path signals

Fast power control

For high capacity very fast & accurate

TX power control is required


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Differences between WCDMA & GSM

WCDMA GSM

Carrier spacing 5 MHz 200 kHz

Frequency reuse factor 1 118

Power controlfrequency

1500 Hz 2 Hz or lower

Quality control Radio resourcemanagement algorithms

Network planning(frequency planning)

Frequency diversity 5 MHz bandwidth givesmultipath diversity with

Rake receiver

Frequency hopping

Packet data Load-based packetscheduling

Timeslot basedscheduling with GPRS

Downlink transmitdiversity

Supported forimproving downlink

capacity

Not supported by thestandard, but can be

applied

High bit rates

Spectralefficiency

Differentquality

requirements

Efficientpacket data

Downlinkcapacity


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Differences between WCDMA & GSM

GSM900/1800: 3G (WCDMA):

SC

1

SC

2

SC

3

SC

4

SC5

SC6

SC

7


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GSM system is TDMA based

f1

f2

f1

f1

f2

f2

f3

f1

f1

f2

f2

f3

f3

f1

f2

f1

f3

f1M

S1

M

S2

M

S3

M

S4

BTS

Time

200 kHz

BTS

Typical GSM

Frequency

Usage

Pattern

MS = Mobile Station

Users divide the common

frequency by time slots


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UMTS system is CDMA based

f1 f1

f1

f1

f1

f1

f1

f1

f1

f1

f1

f1

f1

f1

f1

f1

f1

f1

MS1

MS2MS3

MS4

BS

Time

5 MHz

CDMA

Frequency

Usage

Pattern

MS1

MS2

MS3MS4

BS

FDD = Frequency-division

duplex

Uplink and Downlink

operate in separated

frequency bands

TDD = Time-division duplex

Uplink (UL) and downlink

(DL) use the same

frequency band, which is

time-shared by the UL and

DL

All users share the same

frequency/time domain


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Table of contents


Link Budget



Optimization

2G-3G Co-sitting issue


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3G Network Planning

Inter-PLMNBackboneNetwork

RNC

3G-GGSN

3G-SGSN

Gn

IPFirewall

GnPS Domain

Iu-ps1. Radio Planning

Data Network(Internet)

Iu-cs

MGW 3GMSC

Node B

RNC

1. Radio PlanningIub

Node B

2. Transmission Planning

Iub

Iur

Iu-ps

3. Core Planning : PS Planning

3. Core Planning : CS Planning


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Dimensioning Input Parameters

CAPACITY RELATED

Spectrum Available

User Profile and Traffic GrowthForecast

Traffic Density Map

COVERAGE RELATED Coverage Regions

Area Type Information

QUALITY RELATED MS Class

Indoor Coverage

Location Probability

Blocking Probability

Gives an Estimation of theEquipment Necessary to Meet theNetwork Requirements

Network Dimensioning Activities

Radio Link Budget Calculation

Cell Size Calculation

Capacity Calculation

Transmission Network Estimate

Input Categories


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COVERAGE CAPACITY

COMPROMISE BETWEEN COVERAGE AND CAPACITY

3G Radio Network Dimensioning


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Coverage versus Capacity

Load factor directly corresponds to the supported trafficper cell

More traffic means more interference -> cell breathing

Max. recommended load : 70 %, typically 30-50 %

50 % load means 3 dB loss in link budget

0

5

10

15

20

25

0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1

Load factor

L

oss(dB)

BS

CELL BREATHING

higher load

BS

service quality

cell coverage cell capacity

Optimizationand Tailoring


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0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7

Traffic load factor

Relative cell size

Increased load 800 kbps

Decreased coverage

Low load 200 kbps

Large coverage

128 kbps

64 kbps

8 kbps144 kbps

64 kbps

64 kbps

144 kbps

144 kbps

64 kbps

64 kbps

Traffic load has direct

effect on the cell size

Radio ResourceManagement provides

means to control cell

breathing in network

optimisation

Cell Breathing in WCDMA


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Table of contents


Link Budget



Optimization



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Link Budget Comparison 2G - 3G

GSM900 /speech

GSM1800 /speech

WCDMA /speech

WCDMA /64 kbps

WCDMA /128 kbps

WCDMA /384 kbps

Mobile transmission power 33 dBm 30 dBm 21 dBm 21 dBm 21 dBm 21 dBm

Receiver sensitivity (incl Rx diversity) -110 dBm -110 dBm -126 dBm -121 dBm -118 dBm -115 dBm

Interference Margin 2G/ load 3G 1.0 dB 0.0 dB 2.0 dB 2.0 dB 2.0 dB 2.0 dB

Fast fading margin (incl. SHO gain 3G) 2.0 dB 2.0 dB 2.0 dB 2.0 dB 2.0 dB 2.0 dB

Base station antenna gain 16.0 dBi 18.0 dBi 18.0 dBi 18.0 dBi 18.0 dBi 18.0 dBi

Body loss for speech terminal 3.0 dB 3.0 dB 3.0 dB - - -

Mobile antenna gain 0.0 dBi 0.0 dBi 0.0 dBi 0.0 dBi 0.0 dBi 0.0 dBi

Relative gain from lower frequency

compared to UMTS frequency

10.0 dB 1.0 dB - - - -

Maximum path loss 163.0 dB 154.0 dB 158.0 dB 156.0 dB 153.0 dB 150.0 dB


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Link Budget Comparison 2G - 3G for Indoor

2G 3G

Total Cable loss 1/2" (dB) Lower Higher

Total Cable loss 7/8" (dB) Lower Higher

Total Cable loss 1-1/4" (dB) Lower Higher

Jumper Loss (dB) Slightly lower Slightly higher

Total Coupler Loss Similar Similar

Total Splitter Loss Similar Similar

Total Attenuator Loss Similar Similar

Diplexer/Triplexer Similar Similar

BTS rack top power (dBm) Higher Lower

Antenna EIRP (dBm) Higher Lower

RxLev (dBm) Higher Lower


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Link Budget Comparison 2G - 3G for Indoor

Buildings like hotel, office has many partitions and walls

Higher output power does not improve coverage significantly

Higher EIRP at antenna point

Lower EIRP at antenna point


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0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

32 kbps 64 kbps 144 kbps 384 kbps 1024 kbps 2048 kbps

Range[km]

12.2 kbps 64 kbps 128 kbps 384 kbps . 2

MbpsBit rate (bps)

Uplink Coverage of Different Bit Rates

Continuous high bit rate

coverage in uplink is challengingCoverage solutions are important


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150

155

160

165

170

175

180

Load [kbps]

Max. path loss [dB]

WCDMA uplink (with Rx div)

64 kbit/s Coverage / Capacity in Macrocells

DL loadcurve

UL loadcurve

120011001000900800700600500400300200100

WCDMA downlink 20W


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64 kbit/s Coverage / Capacity in Macrocells

Limit is DLcapacity

150

155

160

165

170

175

180

Load [kbps]

Max. path loss [dB]

WCDMA uplink

120011001000900800700600500400300200100

WCDMA downlink 20W

Limit is ULcoverage


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Table of contents


Link Budget



Optimization



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Handovers in WCDMA

Soft handover: MS handover between different base stations

Softer handover: MS handover within one base station but between different sectors

Hard handover: MS handover between different frequencies or between WCDMA and GSM

Intra-layerInter-layer

Intra-System

Soft(er) Handover

Hard HandoverInter-frequency

Intra-frequency

Intra-frequency

Inter-System

(Inter-RAT)

Hard HandoverInter-frequency

WCDMA to GSMWCDMA to GPRSGSM to WCDMAGPRS to WCDMA

WCDMA to WCDMA




RequiresCompressed

Mode


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Soft Handover

BSBS

Frequency

f1

Frequency

f1

Soft handover keeps simultaneous connection to different base stations thus providing away to improve call quality during handover.

Soft handover feature has a direct impact on network capacity and therefore is a trade-off

between quality and capacity. It has also an effect to coverage due cell breathing.


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Softer Handover

BSSector 1f1

Sector 2

f1

Sector 3

f1

Multipath signal

through Sector 1

Multipath signal

through Sector 3


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Hard Handover

GSM/GPRSGSM/GPRS GSM/GPRSGSM/GPRS GSM/GPRSGSM/GPRS

WCDMAWCDMA WCDMAWCDMA WCDMAWCDMA

GSM/GPRSGSM/GPRS

WCDMAWCDMALoad reason IS-HO

from GSM(BSS10.5)

Coverage reason IF-HO

Coverage reason IS-HO

WCDMAWCDMA

WCDMAWCDMA

WCDMAWCDMA

UE will be in compressed mode

C C


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Outer Loop Power Control

Power Control in WCDMA

Open Loop Power Control (Initial Access)

Closed Loop Power Control

RNC

BS

MS

P C t l


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With Optimum

Power Control

Without

Power Control

MS1

MS2

MS3

MS4

MS1 MS2 MS3 MS4

Receive

dpoweratBS

Receive

dpoweratBS

MS1

MS2

MS3

MS4

Power Control

Fast power control is vital for WCDMA performance. It aims to control the

transmitted power on the same level with received power. This leads to

minimised interference and small power consumption

Power is controlled by parameters and needs to be defined during network

optimisation

T bl f t t


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Table of contents


Link Budget



Optimization


DL Primary Scrambling Code Plan


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ASSUMPTIONS FROM CURRENT TELKOMSEL 2G SITES

nb of sites % SC set SC group

Macro Outdoor 1121 72% 367 46

Micro Outdoor 177 11% 58 7

Micro Indoor 265 17% 87 11

Tsel total sites 1563 100% 512 64

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Reserved 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1

2 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 2

3 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 3

4 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 1

5 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 2

6 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 3

7 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 1

8 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 2

9 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 3

10 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 1

11 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 2

12 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 3

13 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 1

14 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 2

15 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 3

16 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 1

17 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 2

18 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 3

19 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 1

20 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 2

21 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 3

22 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 1

23 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 2

24 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 3

25 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 1

26 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 2

27 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 3

28 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 129 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 2

30 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 3

31 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 1

32 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 2

33 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 3

34 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 1

35 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 2

36 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 3

37 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 1

38 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 2

39 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 3

40 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 1

41 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 2

42 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 3

43 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 1

44 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 2

45 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 3

46 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 1

47 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 248 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 1

49 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 2

50 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 1

51 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 2

52 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 1

53 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 2

54 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 3

55 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 1

56 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 2

57 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 3

58 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 1

59 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 2

60 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 3

61 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 1

62 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 2

63 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 3

Allocation Code Group

Indoor

MicroOutdoor

MacroOutdoor

Scrambling SetSector

Macro Outdoor

Indoor

Micro Outdoor



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Each cell has it's own Scrambling code (like BCCH is GSM) which need to

be planned (like frequency planning in GSM)

Total 512 scrambling codes are available (0511), they are in 64 groups

(0..63), each group having 8 codes

Codes could be allocated from same group or from different code groupsin

the neighbour cell lists, it depends on the UE implementation of the cell

search algorithms (not specified in 3GPP spec)which approach is better



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7 sites in 1 SCSet (21 codes)

1

23

19

2021

13

1415

16

1718

4

56

10

1112

7

89

1

23

19

2021

13

1415

16

1718

4

56

10

1112

7

89

SC Set 0

SC Set 1

SC Set 2

SC Set 3

SC Set 4

SC Set 5

SC Set 6

SC Set 7

Numerical value is SC CodeGroup No#

56 Sites in 1 Reuse (168 codes)


DL Primary Scrambling Code Planning Rule


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DL Primary Scrambling Code Planning Rule

Scrambling code planning is independent for each carrier layer => same codes

could be used

Cell search time increases when the number of neighbours is high like in urban

area

The size of the neighbour sets should be large enough to include all useful

candidates but as small as possible to maintain fast synchronization process

There must be large enough separation (minimum reuse) between two cells

using the same scrambling code (like frequency reuse in GSM)

Optimum Scrambling code Planning Rule

Minimize the number of used code groups in neighbour set

Maximize the number of codes per group in neighbour set The rule is valid in all neighbour sets in all environments

Table of contents


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Table of contents

Introduction

3G Radio Network Planning

Link Budget



Optimization


Network Optimisation criteria


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Network Optimisation criteria

Coverage criteria

Coverage for different data rate services

Pilot channel coverage

Soft handover areas and probabilities

Maximum loading based on traffic forecasts and defined margins

Quality of Service criteria (Key Performance Indicators)

Cell total data throughput

End user data throughput (application throughput)

Delays

Call setup success rates for different services

Call drop rates

Handover performance

How toMeasure?What

Tools?

Key Performance Indicators (KPI)


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Key Performance Indicators (KPI)

KPIs are a set of selected indicators which are used for measuring the

current network performance and trends.

KPIs highlight the key factors of network monitoring and warn in time ofpotential problems. KPIs are also used to prioritise the corrective actions.

KPIs can be defined for circuit switched and packet switched traffic

separately and be measured by field measurement systems and Nokia

NetActTM network management system.

An example set of KPIs RRC Setup Complete Ratio

RAB Setup Complete Ratio

RAB Active Complete Ratio

Call Setup Success Ratio

Call Drop Rate

Softer/Soft Handover Fail Ratio

WCDMA RAN Optimisation


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WCDMA RAN Optimisation

Network ManagementNokia NetActTMfor 3G

Field Tool Server

RAN Optimisationpre-defined procedures

semi / full automated

configuration

Start

WindowAddChange1stepsize

WindrowDropChange1stepsize

CompThresholdChange1stepsize

DropTimerChange1stepsize

NMS: Collect

networkperformancedata

EvaluateKPI

'HO Overhead'.

OK?

Evaluateallnetwork KPIs.

OK?

Yes

Gotorelevantoptimisation

flow-chart

No

End

Yes

No

KPIs, counters

air-interface

Field Tool

WCDMA RAN

KPIs,measurements

Configuration

Table of contents


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Table of contents

Introduction

3G Radio Network Planning

Link Budget



Optimization


Interference from Other System


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Interference from Other System

GSM spurious emissions and intermodulation results of GSM 1800 interfere

WCDMA receiver sensitivity

WCDMA spurious emissions interfere GSM receiver sensitivity

GSM transmitter blocks WCDMA receiver

WCDMA transmitter blocks GSM receiver

GSM1800 UL

GSM1800 DL

1710-1785MHz

1805-1880MHz

UMTSUL

UMTSDL

1920-1980MHz

2110-2170MHz

40MHz

Antenna Isolation Measurement


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Horizontal

Antenna A(fixed)

GSM1800

Antenna BUMTS

horizontalseparationdistance

Fr ont View

direction of radiation

2000mm

1000mm

400mm

Side View

650mm

Sketch of measurement configuration

Antenna Isolation Measurement


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Horizontal

GSM1800 65 deg to UMTS 65 deg

Horizontal co-polar measurements

1900 MHz

1950 MHz

1980 MHz

40.00

45.00

50.00

55.00

60.00

65.00

70.00

75.00

Distance (m)

Isolation(dB

)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

50 dB Market

Antenna Isolation MeasurementsV i l


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Vertical

Sketch of measurement configuration

Antenna BUMTS

Antenna AGSM1800(fixed)

Antenna Isolation MeasurementsV ti l


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Vertical

GSM1800 115 deg to UMTS 65 deg

1900 MHz

1950 MHz

1980 MHz

50.00

55.00

60.00

65.00

70.00

75.00

80.00

85.00

Distance (m)

Isolation(d

B)

Noise Floor

1.501.251.000.750.500.25

2G-3G Indoor Co-sitting Issue


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g

Can the site be covered by Outdoor site?

Existing Distributed Antenna System : support 3G or not?

Tapping in the existing DAS :

Fast roll-out

Adding supplementary losses to the 2G

If existing 2G Indoor site has only 1 sector, the 3G Indoor site requires additional design to

have 3 sectors (i.e. more capacity)

3G would probably need more antennas than 2G

New 3g DAS :

Less losses to the 2G, but more external antenna interference

New 3G planning independent from 2G

Supplementary cost


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Thank You

Request from Tsel


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Table / graph minimum required RSCP for PS64,PS128, PS2Mbps

PLO Indoor KPI, 3g Indoor KPI

3g planning Indoor

3g optim Indoor,

3g-2g co-sitting issue

3g planning overview for rae indoor 250106

Documents

g planning overview

g wcdma

g spectrum allocations1850

dd initialsdifferences

dd initialsimt

dd initialswhat

dd initialsindonesia

company confidential1