357 cv - western cape · 35 fire post-fire recruitment through seedlings e.g. protealaurifolia...
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1
PANTONE357 CV
3
5
7
9
11
HEA
TFUEL
OX
YGEN
Fire Triangle
13
CO
OL
REMOVESM
OTH
ER
Reduce heat
Starve of Oxygen
• Fuel Separation • Reduction or conversion
Breaking the Fire Triangle
15
WEA
THER
FUELTO
POG
RAPH
Y
• Flat or slopes• Aspect
• Fine or heavy• Arrangement and continuity• Fuel moisture
• Relative humidity• Precipitation• Wind• Temperature
Fire Behaviour Triangle
17
Fire Hazards
19
Seasonal Fire Risks
Spring SummerAutumnWinter
21
Fire Weather
23
Daily Fire Danger
25
Fire DangerIndex
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1. 6.
2.7.
3.
8.
4.9.
5.10.
29
1. 2. 3. 4.
5.
6. 7.
8. 9.
Indigenous Vegetation
31
1. 2. 3. 4.
5.
6.
7.
8. 9.
10.
9.
Alien Invasive Vegetation
33
1. 2. 4.
5. 7.
8.
9. 10.
3.
6.
Fire Dependent Species
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FIRE
Post-fire recruitment through seedlings
E.g. Protea laurifolia
Post-fire survival through (re)sprouting
E.g. Leucadendron salignum Accumulation of cones and seeds in the plant canopy
Fire kills adult plants, triggers seed release
and dispersal
The life cycle of a serotinousProteaceae
Annual flowering and
seed production
Dry cones of Protea
compacta showing
fertile seeds
Diagram & photos by Martina Treurnicht*Figure adapted from: Treurnicht et al. 2016 (Journal of Ecology 104, 331-342)
The Proteaceae plant family is a symbol of the fynbos biome. Many fynbos Proteaceae are serotinous: over time plants grow, flower and store seeds in woody cones, often
for many years.
Young plants grow, mature and flowerSprouters (or 'resprouters') often survive fire
and produce coppice shoots from an underground, woody rootstock
Many seedlings emerge several months after
fire
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Fire Dependent Species
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1. 2.
4. 5.
3.
Cape Floral Kingdom
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1.
3. 4.
2.
5.
Cape Floral Kingdom
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1. 2.
5. 7. 8.
3.
6.
4.
9.
Indigenous Plants Endemic to the Western Cape
45
Invasive Alien Vegetation Growth
47
1. 2.
5.
7. 8.
3.
6.
4.
Growth after the Fire
49
Greenhouse Effect, Climate Change and Global Warming
51
Carbon Footprint
53
Healthy Water-cycle
55
Unhealthy Water-cycle
57
Wildland Urban Interface
59
Defensible Space (keeping your home safe)
61
Defensible Space
63
Fire Resistant Landscaping
65
Be Prepared when Hiking
67
Fire Adaptation
69
Report Fire and Smoke