355 india basics
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
India
![Page 2: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
![Page 3: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Indian Administrative Structure
![Page 4: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Basics• Over 1 Billion people• Opening to the world economically
since 1991• Importance of the US-Indian-Chinese
relationship in the future
![Page 5: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Paradox One
• Largest democracy in the World• But…
– Economic inequality– Social inequality (due to lingering
Hindu caste system)
![Page 6: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Paradox Two• Religion: 80% Hindu• But… a national ideology of separation
of church and state…• But the Bharatiya Janata and “Hindu
nationalism” or Hindutva
![Page 7: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Current Prime Minister
• Manmohan Singh• The first Sikh PM• From Congress Party
![Page 8: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Leader of Congress Party(currently in power)
• Sonja Gandhi• Roman Catholic• Born in Italy
![Page 9: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Past Three Presidents of India
First “Untouchable” Pres. First Muslim Pres. First Woman Pres.
![Page 10: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Paradox Three• East Asian Model: Authoritarian and
capitalist
• India: Democratic with a socialist economy (until 1991 when economic reforms began)
![Page 11: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Paradox Four: The Economy• High Tech and massive povertyBangaloreIndia’s Silicon Valley Slums of any city
![Page 12: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Paradox Five: Diversity• 80% Hindu, but…• 22 Official languages now• Over 140 million Muslims (the
nation in the world with the third largest Muslim population)
![Page 13: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Paradox Six: National vs. Regional Parties
• Two major national parties:– Congress Party– BJP– Also, minor party: Communist Party
Marxist
• 2009: 35 regional parties in Parliament• Lok Sabha Party-wise
![Page 14: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Political Culture1. Geography2. Agrarian economy3. Population4. Religion
1. Hindu: 81%2. Muslim: 13%3. Christian 2.3%4. Sikh: 1.9%
![Page 15: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Hindu Caste System1. Priests – Brahmins2. Warriors – Kahtriyas3. Landowners/merchants – Vaishyas4. Small Farmers – SudrasOutcastes, sub-castes, backward tribes,
and “Untouchables” or Dalits or Harijans
Bhimrao Ambedkar
![Page 16: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Mauryan Dynasty, 321-185 BC
![Page 17: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Gupta Dynasty, 320-413 AD
![Page 18: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Mughal Dynasty, 1529-1707
![Page 19: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
British Colonialism
![Page 20: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Amritsar Massacre, April 1919
Eduard Thony painting
![Page 21: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Indian National Congress
Jawaharlal Nehru and Mohandas Gandhi
![Page 22: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Gandhi’s Impact on the INC• Extremists vs.
moderates• Ending factional
struggle• Mass movement• Non-violence
– Gandhi’s writings• Independence
Now
![Page 23: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Muslim League
Mohammed Ali Jinnah
![Page 26: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Government Structure• Indian Constitution• President• Parliament
– Rajya Sabha– Lok Sabha
• Prime Minister
![Page 27: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Parliamentary Process for PMPM and Houseserve full term
Partywinsmajority House PM dies or
General elects resignselection PMof LowerHouse
No party wins No Confidence fails majority motionpassesParties negotiate PM dissolvesto form coalition House(50% of seats, plus one)
![Page 28: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
1996 Election• Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) 160 • Congress Party 136• National Front 110
• National Front forms government
![Page 29: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Nehru Dynasty
Jawaharlal Nehru Indira Gandhi Rajiv Gandhi1947-1964 1966-1977 1984-1989
1980-1984
![Page 30: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Congress Party
Manmohan Singh Sonja Gandhi Rahul GandhiPM President General Secretary
of the Party (one of nine)
![Page 31: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Congress’ Ideology• Secularism• Socialist economics 1947-1991• Economic Reform 1991-present• Manifesto for 2009 elections
![Page 32: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)• Hindutva (Hindu
Nationalism)• RSS (Rashtriya
Swayamsevak Sangh)
1984 2
1989 88
1991 120
1996 160
1998 176
1999 182
![Page 33: 355 India Basics](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013013/577cce431a28ab9e788db304/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Others• Leftist parties
– Communist Party of India (Marxist) • Regional parties
– AIADMK (All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhigam) regional party of Tamil Nadu state
– Janata Dal (Secular) (Karnataka, Kerala)– Telugu Desam Party (Andrha Pradesh)– Samajwadi Party (Uttar Pradesh)
• Caste-based Parties– Bahujan Samaj Party