3.4 energy levels in atoms electrons in atoms electrons are attracted to a positive nucleus by...

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3.4 Energy levels in atoms Electrons in atoms Electrons are attracted to a pos nucleus by electrostatic force Electrons move about in allowed or shells with different energy The lowest energy state of an at is called its ground state When an atom in its ‘ground’ stat absorbs energy, one of its elec moves to a shell at higher ener The atom is now in an ‘excited’ st leaving a vacancy in the shell.

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Page 1: 3.4 Energy levels in atoms Electrons in atoms Electrons are attracted to a positive nucleus by electrostatic force Electrons move about in allowed orbits

3.4 Energy levels in atoms

Electrons in atoms

Electrons are attracted to a positive nucleus by electrostatic force

Electrons move about in allowed orbits or shells with different energy levels

The lowest energy state of an atom is called its ground state

When an atom in its ‘ground’ stateabsorbs energy, one of its electrons moves to a shell at higher energy. The atom is now in an ‘excited’ stateleaving a vacancy in the shell.

Page 2: 3.4 Energy levels in atoms Electrons in atoms Electrons are attracted to a positive nucleus by electrostatic force Electrons move about in allowed orbits

3.4 Energy levels in atoms

Electrons in atoms

Electrons are attracted to a positive nucleus by electrostatic force

Electrons move about in allowed orbits or shells with different energy levels

The lowest energy state of an atom is called its ground state

When an atom in its ‘ground’ stateabsorbs energy, one of its electrons moves to a shell at higher energy. The atom is now in an ‘excited’ stateleaving a vacancy in the shell.

Page 3: 3.4 Energy levels in atoms Electrons in atoms Electrons are attracted to a positive nucleus by electrostatic force Electrons move about in allowed orbits

3.4 Energy levels in atoms

Electrons in atoms

Electrons are attracted to a positive nucleus by electrostatic force

Electrons move about in allowed orbits or shells with different energy levels

The lowest energy state of an atom is called its ground state

When an atom in its ‘ground’ stateabsorbs energy, one of its electrons moves to a shell at higher energy. The atom is now in an ‘excited’ stateleaving a vacancy in the shell.

Page 4: 3.4 Energy levels in atoms Electrons in atoms Electrons are attracted to a positive nucleus by electrostatic force Electrons move about in allowed orbits

3.4 Energy levels in atoms

Electrons in atoms

Electrons are attracted to a positive nucleus by electrostatic force

Electrons move about in allowed orbits or shells with different energy levels

The lowest energy state of an atom is called its ground state

When an atom in its ‘ground’ stateabsorbs energy, one of its electrons moves to a shell at higher energy. The atom is now in an ‘excited’ stateleaving a vacancy in the shell.

Page 5: 3.4 Energy levels in atoms Electrons in atoms Electrons are attracted to a positive nucleus by electrostatic force Electrons move about in allowed orbits

3.4 Energy levels in atoms

Electrons in atoms

Electrons are attracted to a positive nucleus by electrostatic force

Electrons move about in allowed orbits or shells with different energy levels

The lowest energy state of an atom is called its ground state

When an atom in its ‘ground’ stateabsorbs energy, one of its electrons moves to a shell at higher energy. The atom is now in an ‘excited’ stateleaving a vacancy in the shell.

Page 6: 3.4 Energy levels in atoms Electrons in atoms Electrons are attracted to a positive nucleus by electrostatic force Electrons move about in allowed orbits

De-excitation

An excited atom is unstable and the vacancy in the shell is soon filled by an electron from an outer shell dropping to a lower energy level emitting a photon.

De excitation of a mercury atommay proceed indirectly to the ground state via an intermediate state.

5.7 eV

4.9 eV

O eV

0.8 eV photon

4.9 eV photon

Page 7: 3.4 Energy levels in atoms Electrons in atoms Electrons are attracted to a positive nucleus by electrostatic force Electrons move about in allowed orbits

De-excitation

An excited atom is unstable and the vacancy in the shell is soon filled by an electron from an outer shell dropping to a lower energy level emitting a photon.

De excitation of a mercury atommay proceed indirectly to the ground state via an intermediate state.

5.7 eV

4.9 eV

O eV

0.8 eV photon

4.9 eV photon

Page 8: 3.4 Energy levels in atoms Electrons in atoms Electrons are attracted to a positive nucleus by electrostatic force Electrons move about in allowed orbits

De-excitation

An excited atom is unstable and the vacancy in the shell is soon filled by an electron from an outer shell dropping to a lower energy level emitting a photon.

De excitation of a mercury atommay proceed indirectly to the ground state via an intermediate state.

5.7 eV

4.9 eV

O eV

0.8 eV photon

4.9 eV photon

Page 9: 3.4 Energy levels in atoms Electrons in atoms Electrons are attracted to a positive nucleus by electrostatic force Electrons move about in allowed orbits

De-excitation

An excited atom is unstable and the vacancy in the shell is soon filled by an electron from an outer shell dropping to a lower energy level emitting a photon.

De excitation of a mercury atommay proceed indirectly to the ground state via an intermediate state.

5.7 eV

4.9 eV

O eV

0.8 eV photon

4.9 eV photon

Page 10: 3.4 Energy levels in atoms Electrons in atoms Electrons are attracted to a positive nucleus by electrostatic force Electrons move about in allowed orbits

Excitation using photons

An electron in an atom can absorb an incident photon’s energy if the photons energy exactly matches the quantum of energy required for excitation.

Page 11: 3.4 Energy levels in atoms Electrons in atoms Electrons are attracted to a positive nucleus by electrostatic force Electrons move about in allowed orbits

Excitation using photons

An electron in an atom can absorb an incident photon’s energy if the photons energy exactly matches the quantum of energy required for excitation.

Page 12: 3.4 Energy levels in atoms Electrons in atoms Electrons are attracted to a positive nucleus by electrostatic force Electrons move about in allowed orbits

The atoms of a fluorescent substance may get excited by incident uv light.

These atoms then de-excite emitting visible light.

Fluorescence

In the Starter ( a time delay switch): an electric current warms the filament electrodes.During the first second argon vapor in the starter conducts and warms up a bimetallic strip which bends and switches off the current flowing through the filament electrodes.The mains voltage then acts across the filament electrodes causing the gas to glow. http://home.howstuffworks.com/question337.htm/printable

Uv 217 nm

IR 1546 nm

UV 252 nm

Page 13: 3.4 Energy levels in atoms Electrons in atoms Electrons are attracted to a positive nucleus by electrostatic force Electrons move about in allowed orbits

The atoms of a fluorescent substance may get excited by incident uv light.

These atoms then de-excite emitting visible light.

Fluorescence

In the Starter ( a time delay switch): an electric current warms the filament electrodes.During the first second argon vapor in the starter conducts and warms up a bimetallic strip which bends and switches off the current flowing through the filament electrodes.The mains voltage then acts across the filament electrodes causing the gas to glow. http://home.howstuffworks.com/question337.htm/printable

Page 14: 3.4 Energy levels in atoms Electrons in atoms Electrons are attracted to a positive nucleus by electrostatic force Electrons move about in allowed orbits

The atoms of a fluorescent substance may get excited by incident uv light.

These atoms then de-excite emitting visible light.

Fluorescence

In the Starter ( a time delay switch): an electric current warms the filament electrodes.During the first second argon vapor in the starter conducts and warms up a bimetallic strip which bends and switches off the current flowing through the filament electrodes.The mains voltage then acts across the filament electrodes causing the gas to glow. http://home.howstuffworks.com/question337.htm/printable

Page 15: 3.4 Energy levels in atoms Electrons in atoms Electrons are attracted to a positive nucleus by electrostatic force Electrons move about in allowed orbits

The atoms of a fluorescent substance may get excited by incident uv light.

These atoms then de-excite emitting visible light.

Fluorescence

In the Starter ( a time delay switch): an electric current warms the filament electrodes.During the first second argon vapor in the starter conducts and warms up a bimetallic strip which bends and switches off the current flowing through the filament electrodes.The mains voltage then acts across the filament electrodes causing the gas to glow. http://home.howstuffworks.com/question337.htm/printable

Page 16: 3.4 Energy levels in atoms Electrons in atoms Electrons are attracted to a positive nucleus by electrostatic force Electrons move about in allowed orbits

The atoms of a fluorescent substance may get excited by incident uv light.

These atoms then de-excite emitting visible light.

Fluorescence

In the Starter ( a time delay switch): an electric current warms the filament electrodes.During the first second argon vapor in the starter conducts and warms up a bimetallic strip which bends and switches off the current flowing through the filament electrodes.The mains voltage then acts across the filament electrodes causing the gas to glow. http://home.howstuffworks.com/question337.htm/printable

Uv 217 nm

IR 1546 nm

UV 252 nm

Page 17: 3.4 Energy levels in atoms Electrons in atoms Electrons are attracted to a positive nucleus by electrostatic force Electrons move about in allowed orbits

The atoms of a fluorescent substance may get excited by incident uv light.

These atoms then de-excite emitting visible light.

Fluorescence

In the Starter (a time delay switch): an electric current warms the filament electrodes.During the first second argon vapor in the starter conducts and warms up a bimetallic strip which bends and switches off the current flowing through the filament electrodes.The mains voltage then acts across the filament electrodes causing the gas to glow. http://home.howstuffworks.com/question337.htm/printable

Uv 217 nm

IR 1546 nm

UV 252 nm

Page 18: 3.4 Energy levels in atoms Electrons in atoms Electrons are attracted to a positive nucleus by electrostatic force Electrons move about in allowed orbits

The atoms of a fluorescent substance may get excited by incident uv light.

These atoms then de-excite emitting visible light.

Fluorescence

In the Starter (a time delay switch): an electric current warms the filament electrodes.During the first second argon vapor in the starter conducts and warms up a bimetallic strip which bends and switches off the current flowing through the filament electrodes.The mains voltage then acts across the filament electrodes causing the gas to glow. http://home.howstuffworks.com/question337.htm/printable

Uv 217 nm

IR 1546 nm

UV 252 nm

Page 19: 3.4 Energy levels in atoms Electrons in atoms Electrons are attracted to a positive nucleus by electrostatic force Electrons move about in allowed orbits

The atoms of a fluorescent substance may get excited by incident uv light.

These atoms then de-excite emitting visible light.

Fluorescence

In the Starter (a time delay switch): an electric current warms the filament electrodes.During the first second argon vapor in the starter conducts and warms up a bimetallic strip which bends and switches off the current flowing through the filament electrodes.The mains voltage then acts across the filament electrodes causing the gas to glow. http://home.howstuffworks.com/question337.htm/printable

Uv 217 nm

IR 1546 nm

UV 252 nm

Page 20: 3.4 Energy levels in atoms Electrons in atoms Electrons are attracted to a positive nucleus by electrostatic force Electrons move about in allowed orbits
Page 21: 3.4 Energy levels in atoms Electrons in atoms Electrons are attracted to a positive nucleus by electrostatic force Electrons move about in allowed orbits

Fluorescence

In the Starter ( a time delay switch): an electric current warms the filament electrodes.During the first second argon vapor in the starter conducts and warms up a bimetallic strip which bends and switches off the current flowing through the filament electrodes.The mains voltage then acts across the filament electrodes causing the gas to glow. http://home.howstuffworks.com/question337.htm/printable