3

Revolutions in

Psychology - Psychiatry

Psychotherapeutic Drugs

MENTAL ILLNESS

Drugs Are A Primary Therapy For Mental Illness They are not cures They often have undesirable side effects

MENTAL ILLNESS

The Medical Model Patient Symptoms Diagnosis Disease Cause Cure

MENTAL ILLNESS The Medical Model—For Infectious Disease, Straightforward

Symptoms suggest particular disorder Diagnostic test confirms diagnosis Identify the cause Clarify the treatment Infection is cleared up The disorder is cured

Controversial, Complex for Mental Health WHY?

MENTAL ILLNESS

The Medical Model for MH

MENTAL ILLNESS

Classification of Mental Disorders— APA’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders has become the standard Anxiety disorders Schizophrenia Bipolar disorder Depression

TREATMENT OFMENTAL DISORDERS

Before 1950 Modern drug therapy began in 1917 Several early drug treatments looked promising,

but relapse rates were high Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) Paraldehyde, the chemical straightjacket

TREATMENT OFMENTAL DISORDERS

Antipsychotics Treatment effects and considerations

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Mechanism of antipsychotic action Side effects

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TREATMENT OFMENTAL DISORDERS

Atypical antipsychotics Treatment effects and considerations

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Side effects ___________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________

THE CONSEQUENCES OF DRUG TREATMENTS

FOR MENTAL ILLNESS

Over a Half-Million Patients in Mental Institutions in 1950s Continual reduction in patient population since

1955, the year chlorpromazine was introduced Community Mental Health Centers

Offer services close to home and at less expense

TREATMENT OFMENTAL DISORDERS

Antidepressants Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors

Tricyclic antidepressants

TREATMENT OFMENTAL DISORDERS

Antidepressants Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

SSNRIs

Mechanism of antidepressant action

TREATMENT OFMENTAL DISORDERS

Lithium Originally used as salt substitute

Acts as a mood-normalizing agent in bipolar illness

TREATMENT OFMENTAL DISORDERS

Other Mood Stabilizers Seizure meds

depakote tegretol lamictal

Panic DisorderGAD OCD