3 presentation on city form for india chetan vaidya

8/6/2019 3 Presentation on City Form for India Chetan Vaidya

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Metropolis Commission Meeting 2Barcelona, October 5-8, 2010

Chetan Vaidya and Satmohini Ray

New Delhi, India

Sustainable City Form in India October 2009


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CONTENTS

National Mission on

Problem of

nsus a na e es Sustainable City Form In

India

Two Case Study Cities

Potential Outcomes and

Conclusions


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URBAN POPULATION TRENDS

o a r an opu a on n : m on

% Urban Population to total in 2001: 27.8%

Decadal Growth (1991-2001): 31.2%

Urban India contributed contributes to around

60% of GDP; likely to go upto 70% by 2030

cities

India needs to improve its urban

infrastructure and governance to achieve

economic objectives


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PROJECTED URBAN POPULATION: 2026

Ex ected to increase from 286m in 2001 to. 534min 2026

38% in 2026

11 mega cities by 2016(with population above 4.0 million)

By 2030, India will have 68 million plus cities ( Europe

has only 35)

Different regions have different level of urbanization.


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URBAN CHALLENGES IN INDIA

ap ur an za on- na equa e n ras ruc ure

Weak Urban Governance

Supply of serviced land

r an za on o over y presen y ourban population poor; likely to increase)

Weak financial base of urban governments


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URBAN INITIATIVES IN INDIA

Recent initiatives of the government include:

- re orm n e nvestment program

Market Based Financing/ PPP e- overnance n un c pa es

Urban Transport Policy

Service Level Benchmarking Program

National Government Reform Link Support to Municipalities

Sustainable Habitat Mission

Green Building

Public transportation Solid Waste Management


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PEARL/JNNURM

Documentation of best practices on planning and,

etc.

National and three Groups Workshops

Helpdesk


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National Mission on Sustainable Habitat

JUNE 2010

ecogn z ng e mpor ance o ur an za on an s vu nera y romclimate change, National Action Plan on Climate Change had

proposed setting up of a National Sustainable Habitat Mission. The

-

Mission looks at:

promote energy efficiency;

ii im roved urban lannin b inte ratin land use and

transportation plans and focus on shift towards

public transport to facilitate growth of cities;(iii) promoting sustainable waste management focusing

on reduce-recycle-reuse and waste-to-energy options.


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IMPROVED PUBLIC TRANSPORT

Urban Transport Initiatives

Metro Rail (MRTS) Projects,

High-capacity Bus Systems,governments (this will get central financialassistance upto 80%), and

.

through fuel/energy efficient buses, improvedinformation system and prioritization of bus

movements11 cities are already implementing the Bus RapidTransport (BRT).6 cities are planning new metro rail systems, whiletwo cities have already set up Unified MetropolitanTransport Authorities.


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The problem with unsustainable cities

uses

lon er distances to

ann ng ssues

poor quality

work, shop and recreate,

dominant cities,reduction in urbangreen spaces

Urban sprawl

Urban disparities


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Rapid urbanization

poor c v c n ras ruc ure, ecay o sma c es an s ow n us r a za on

Hence unsustainable level of resource use

Increase in ecological footprint


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SUSTAINABILITY AND URBAN FORM

Urban form: strong determinant of the ecologicalfootprint of a city.

A form is sustainable if it enables the city to functionwithin its natural and man made carrying capacities- isuser friendly for its occupants and promotes social

.

"Sustainable develo ment is the develo ment thatmeets the needs of the present without compromising the

ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Our Common Future, also known as the Brundtland Report.


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SUSTAINABILITY AND URBAN FORM

70% of delivered energy is subject to influence of landuse p ann ng. arton,1990

Sustainable development is

Not just compactionof form but also

Not just travel and fuelconsumption but also

-Size of the city- mix of uses within

-Ecology and wildlife-Natural resources

-

-Structure of the city

-

-Behavior of people

-Economic well beingNot just buildingsca e u a so

-House- block

-Nei hborhood-District

-Region


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URBAN FORM

COMPONENTS MORPHOLOGICAL PARTS OF URBAN AREA

DENSITY

SHAPE

LAYOUT

LANDUSE AND TRANPSORTATION

OPEN GREEN SPACE DISTRIBUTION


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ESEARCH STUDY

Sustainable City Form in India

Aim :The study aims at achieving sustainabledevelopment in rapidly growing cities in

.

Lead Partners:

NIUA and Oxford Brookes University in

association with CEPT UniversitAhmedabad, School of Planning andArchitecture, Delhi.


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OBJECTIVES

Investigate how urban form performs interms of sustainability with special reference

to India

sustainable urban form, in Indian cities

implemented at the local level

Identify gaps in policy and practice relating tosustainable urban form in Indian cities

for stakeholders to attain sustainable city form


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CASE STUDY SELECTION: Rajkot

Organic city with a deep rooted and thriving history.

22nd fastest rowin cit loball 2006-2020 eriod.

Highest recorded decadal urban growth in India.

.

UKTI has also identified Rajkot as one of the eight

.

Innovative land pooling- Town Planning (TP) Scheme

a roa y n uences an eve opmen s ra egy.


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FaridabadCASE STUDY SELECTION:

Central NCR town

Good connectivity and most-populated city in Haryana

and contributes to nearly 60% of Haryanas revenues Proximity to Delhi

Industrial hub.

u an acqu s on mo e .

Emerged as the real estate hotspot

uneven built form

Research on Rajkot and Faridabads urban form and sustainable

example for the other million plus Indian cities.


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Faridabad Rajkot

,Haryana

Total area 207.88 Sq Km (20,788ha

Ahmedabad, Gujarat

Total area 104.86 sq km (10, 486ha

Total Population 1,055,938 (2001)

No of wards 35

Total Population 1,002,000 (2001)

No of wards 23

Density 6129 persons/sq km Density 9556 persons/sq km


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CASE STUDY -Rajkot

6 Schemes within

the city boundaryhave been selectedfor the detailed pilotstud .

Selection criteria:,

location from thecenter of the city and

implementation. Detailed physical form survey and 600

surveys o un ers an qua y o e

and linkages to urban form.


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CASE STUDY Faridabad

Examination of the region around Faridabad to

understand its overall linkage, interdependence4 areas havean ro e w n s surroun ngs.

Subsequently zoom into the city, to understandbeen

selected for

identify relevant issues.

Anal sis of the h sical form and cit structure

the detailedpilot study.

to provide clues towards issues related tosustainability.


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To Delhi

Faridabad

The city consistsof distinct

SURAJKUND

TILPATFIRINGc aracter str ctsas marked on the

plan:

RailwayL

ine

1. Old Faridabadand oldBallabhgarh

BADHKALLAKE

organ c towns

2. Planned NewIndustrial

M

athuraRo

Township (NIT)

3. The sector

d

eve opmen

4. Industrial areasToAgra


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Sector 30/31NIT-N5 Neighborhood level study

No of households of selected area-2910Irregular pattern of development with piecemeal

development along streets

No of households of selected area- 3672Courtyard and mixed use type with attachedrow houses, medium density with green openspace in the center of each block

Old Faridabad- Sector 18Sector 15

-

Sustainable City Form in India October 2009

No of households of selected area 1398

Organic pattern and medium density with mostly

courtyard type of houses

Mostly Detached houses and builder flats,

Sector development with planned grid ironpattern of streets and a large central greenspace in each sector Source: Google Earth


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POTENTIAL OUTCOMES

AND CONCLUSIONS

Identification of issue-based strategic

intervention areas (mixed land use,ens y, ranspor - an use n age, open

space distribution etc) andrecommendations for the future rowth of

these areas A meaningful strategy for design ofnew cities and redevelopment of existingcities.

Contribution to the decision and policy-makers in terms of data base and

.


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[email protected]@niua.org

www.niua.orwww.indiaurbanportal.in

3 presentation on city form for india chetan vaidya

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