3 11 light & temperature
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Horticulture
Term: Hardiness Zone
Plant: Begonia
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Begonia semperflorens-cultorumWax begonia Plant type: Annual USDA Hardiness Zones: Annual Height: 6" to 24" ,Spread: 8 - 12" Exposure: shade to partial shade Bloom Color: Pink, Red, White Bloom Time:, Late spring to Early fall Leaf Color: Green, Purple, Variegated Uses: Bedding, Container, Landscaping standard due to low maintenance
requirement
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Hardiness Zones
a geographically-defined area in which a specific category of plant life is capable of growing, based on it's ability to withstand the minimum temperatures of the zone.
How cold it gets in winter
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US Hardiness Zones
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Hardiness Zones
Virginia
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USDA ZONE 7a
Zones are designated by lowest expected temperatures during winter
Zone #s are in increments of 10 A & B designation are in increments of 5
So if you buy a flower with a hardiness of 8, will it make it through the winter here?
How about if it is 5?
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Thermoperiod
Thermoperiod refers to daily temperature change.
Plants produce maximum growth when exposed to a day temperature that is about 10 to 15°F higher than the night temperature.
This allows the plant to photosynthesize (build up) and respire (break down) during an optimum daytime temperature, and to curtail the rate of respiration during a cooler night
Greenhouses program temperature for thermoperiods
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Vernalization Requirement of plants to go through a
period of cold before they can flower.
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Photoperiod
The relative lengths of alternating periods of darkness and light affecting the growth and maturity of plants esp. flowering and dropping of leaves.
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The Light Spectrum
Plants only use radiation energy in the visible spectrum.
Chlorophyll does not absorb in the green spectrum
Why?
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Photoperiods
Equinox – Fall & SpringEqual hours of day and nightSpring equinox Mar 21
Solstice – Winter & SummerWinter – Shortest daySummer – Longest day
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Plants Short-day plants- don’t flower in summer
ChrysanthemumsPoinsettiasCoffee
Long-day plants- only flower in summerGrains, Carnations
Day neutral plants – photoperiod doesn’t matter
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Onions
Variety depends on where you live Northern Areas Southern Areas
Which area gets more light in summer?
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Exposure
Shade: No or only early morning sun Part shade: site that gets only 2 to 6 hours
of direct sun each day. Part sun: same as part shade but includes
more afternoon sun. Full sun: at least 6 hours of sun per day
including noon.
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Today
Plugs
Soil Texture
Soil Fertility