MARYLAND HISTORICAL TRUST ADDENDUM SHEET INTERCOUNTY CONNECTOR PROJECT

Property Name:Layhill Community Free Methodist Church Property

Survey No.: M:27-16 (PACS C3.6)

Property Address 1900 Bonifant Road, Silver Spring vicinity (Layhill), Montgomerv Countv. MD 20906 ~,~ Owner Name/Address Trustees of the Layhill Free Methodist Church, 1900 Bonifant Road. Silver Spring. MD 20906

Year Built 1945/1959/1988

Description:

The Layhill Community Free Methodist Church, constructed circa 1914, was previously surveyed by Sugarloaf Regional Trails in 1979. The church building described in the previous survey form was demolished and replaced by a new church building in 1988. The 1-story, 3-bay, flat-roof education annex building, built in 1959 and described in the prior survey form, remains on the property. Not mentioned in the prior survey form, is the 1-story, 3-bay parsonage. Constructed circa 1945, the cross­gable cottage has a concrete-block foundation, asbestos shingle siding and an asphalt shingle roof.

National Register Evaluation:

The Layhill Community Free Methodist Church, constructed circa 1914, was previously surveyed by Sugarloaf Regional Trails in 1979. The property is not eligible for the National Register of Historic Places, due to the demolition of the original church building. The property does not meet Criterion A or B, as it has no known association with historically significant persons or events. It does not meet Criterion C since the parsonage lacks architectural distinction and the annex building is less than fifty years old and does not meet Criteria exception G. Finally, the property has no known potential to yield important information, and therefore, does not meet Criterion D.

MHT CONCURRENCE: Eligibility __ recommended _x_ not recommended Criteria __ A __ B __ c __ D Considerations __ A __ B __ c __ D __ E __ F __ G __ None

Comments=--------------------------------------

E. Hannold /K. Williams 11I25 I 1996 --~-~ ......... '-"'""""'-'/--h1--11A....'-"-----'(,'--/,...._,_f ..... 3_,_~-'0--""~-------Reviewer, Office of Preservation Services Date ~eviewer~-~prograti' r Date

Preparer: P.A.C. Spero & Company December 1996

MARYLAND HISTORICAL TRUST ADDENDUM SHEET INTERCOUNTY CONNECTOR PROJECT

Property Name:Layhill Community Free Methodist Church Property

Survey No.: M:27-16 (PACS C3.6)

Property Address 1900 Bonifant Road. Silver Spring. Montgomerv Countv. MD 20906 ,-... Owner Name/Address Trustees of the Layhill Free Methodist Church. 1900 Bonifant Road. Silver Spring. MD 20906

Resource Sketch Map:

Preparer: P.A.C. Spero & Company December 1996

\.._

Year Built 1945/1959/1988

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M: 27-16

1. Name Layhill Community Free Methodist Church

~. Planning Area/Site Number 27/16* 3. MNCPPC Atlas Referen. ce Map l6:J··ll_

4 _ ;d~~:s~esy~88t~g~ir~~~ ~~~§inally on Atlas) Silver Spring, Md. 20906

5. Classification Summary

Category building Ownership Layhill Community Free Methodist Church Public Acquisition:------~----~--~--Status occupied Acces~ible yes; ~e~tricted Pre sent use_R_e,.l9i0g,.i~o:Y,)llt-=s.__ _______ _ Previous Survey Recording Federal ___ State __ ._County ___ Local __ _

6. Date 1914-1959 7. Original Owner

8. Apparent Condition

c. Original Site

b. Altered

Descriotion This three bay by four bay, one and a half story church faces north. I:t has white clapboarded exterior walls. There is a two and a half story projecting pavillion on the north elevation which was built in three successively smaller sections. There is an apse on the south elevation. There are one over one double hung windows flanked by green wooden louvered shutters. The church has a hipped roof covered with green asbestos shingles. At the peak of the roof is a hipped bell cupola with louvered sides.

10. Significance - Religion and Local History

. The Layhill Church serves as a firm witness to the shifting expressions of reli-gious beliefs in the Layhill community, Built as a community church in 1915 from wood cut on the property, nailed together by church members, directed by a

. carpenter-pastor, the chapel is plain and simple. The Prohibition Years, 1918-33, passed these worshippers by, safe inside their haven. In 1959, however, a shift toward temporal virtues was shown. The congregation h,ired a commercial firm to construct a cement block Christian Education building. Finally, parking lots hav.e recently been installed, and plans are unde~way to replace the hand­crafted building.

Date researched 11/27/78 by Lawrence Hipp,.shman . . ... ,., Candy Reed - Architectural Description:

12. Comoiler Peg Coleman 13. Date Compiled 11/78 14. Designation 15. Acreage .65 acre

Approval __

MARYLAND HISTORICAL TRUST M: 27-16

MAGI#

INVENTORY FORM FOR STATE HISTORIC SITES SURVEY

UN AME HISTORIC

Layhill Community Free Methodist Church

AND/OR COMMON

flLOCATION STREET & NUMBER 1900 Bonifant Road

CITY. TOWN

Silver Spring VICINITY OF

STATE

. Maryland DcLASSIFICATION

CATEGORY _DISTRICT

X-BUILDING(S)

_STRUCTURE

_SITE

_OBJECT

OWNERSHIP STATUS _PUBLIC X.ocCUPIED

~RIVA TE -UNOCCUPIED

_BOTH _WORK IN PROGRESS

PUBLIC ACQUISITION ACCESSIBLE _IN PROCESS

_BEING CONSIDERED

JC_YES: RESTRICTED

_YES: UNRESTRICTED

_NO

DOWNER OF PROPERTY

CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT

COUNTY

Montgomery 20906

PRESENT USE _AGRICULTURE

_COMMERCIAL

_MUSEUM

__ PARK

_EDUCATIONAL _PRIVATE RESIOENCE

_ENTERTAINMENT LRELIGIOUS

__ GOVERNMENT _SCIENTIFIC

_INDUSTRIAL

_MILITARY

_TRANSPORTATION

_OTHER:

Pastor: Wayne M. Lawton -

NAME Layhill Community Free Methodist Churchrelephone #: 460-3110 STREET & NUMBER

1900 Bonifant Road CITY. TOWN

Silver Spring _y1c1N1TY0F

llLOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION COURTHOUSE. REG1srnY oF DEEos,ETc.Montgomery County Courthouse

STREET & NUMBER

CITY. TOWN

Rockville

II REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYS TITLE

NONE DATE

STATE, zip code Maryland 20906

Liber #:252 Folio #:229-231

STATE

Maryland

_FEDERAL-· STATE ~COUNTY _LOCAL

DEPOSITORY FOR /''.--:;:;._ SURVEY RECORDS

CITY. TOWN STATE

B DESCRIPTION

_EXCELLENT

.XGOOD

_FAIR

CONDITION

_DETERIORATED

_ RUINS

_UNEXPOSED

CHECK ONE

_UNALTERED

LLTERED

CHECK ONE

X.ORIGINAL SITE

_MOVED DATE __ _

DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (IF KNOWN) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE

This early twentieth century church sits ten feet south of Bonifant Road facing north. It is a frame structure, one and a half stories high, three bays across, four bays deep.

Built on concrete foundations, the church has white clapboarded exterior walls. There is a two and a half story projecting pavilion on the north elevation which was built in thre~~ successively smaller sections. The church is on grade on the north elevation and five feet above grade on the south where the land falls sharply away. The altar is contained within a simple clapboarded one story, rectangular pavilion with a shed roof on the south elevation. The north and south pavilions were both built on brick foundations.

The north (front) door is composed of two wooden paneled doors set into the pavilion. Poured concrete steps lead from the east and west to a central stoop before the doorway. The steps have a wrought iron hand­railing on the north elevation. There is a glass and wooden paneled door at the southwest corner of the south elevation. Six wooden steps with a simple handrail lead to a small porch outside the south door.

There are one over one double hung windows throughout the church. These are flanked by green wooden paneled shutters. The church has a hipped roof and is covered with green asbestos shingles. The projecting pavilion has a half hipped roof at the first level and again at the second level. A cupola with , square louvered windows on each elevatioL_ is surmounted by a low hipped roof which is hidden behind a decorative balustrade. The church bell is contained within the cupola, its peals may be heard through the louvered windows. .

On the east elevation there is an exterior stove chimney. Upon entering the church from the north, one comes into a large open

room. There are eight rows of pews set at an angle along the east and west walls. There is a center section of eight rows of pews. Two side aisles, one on the east and one on the west, lead to the altar platform. This platform is defined by an altar rail. At the center is a communion table. Centered beyond this and raised another step is the pulpit. Behind the pulpit are three chairs. On the east side of the al tar is the · glass and wooden paneled door which leads to the south porch. On the west side of the altar is a door which leads to the basement. There is tongue and groove wainscotting around the church walls. Above this, the walls and ceilings are plastered and have been painted blue. The altar area has been covered by gold and white fleur-de-lis wallpaper. Four glass light fixtures are suspended by chains from the ceiling.

South of the church is an annex building which was erected in 1958. This one story, four bay by three bay structure has a flat roof. It is used for Sunday school and various community group meetings.

CONTINUE ON SEPARATE SHEET IF NECESSARY

II SIGNIFICANCE rt:21-1'

PERIOD AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE -- CHECK AND JUSTIFY BELOW

_PREHISTORIC -ARCHEOLOGY-PREHISTORIC _COMMUNITY PLANNING _LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE JlRELIGION

_ 1400-1499 _ARCHEOLOGY-HISTORIC _CONSERVATION _LAW _SCIENCE

_1500-1599

_1600-1699

-AGRICULTURI;

XARCHITECTURE

_ 1 700-1 799 _ART

_ 1800-1899 _COMMERCE

!1900-l. 5 _COMMUNICATIONS 19l'T•l9 9

SPECIFIC DATES Chapel 1915 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE

_ECONOMICS _LITERATURE

_EDUCATION _MILITARY

_ENGINEERING _MUSIC

_EXPLORATION/SETTLEMENT _PHILOSOPHY

_INDUSTRY _POLITICS/GOVERNMENT

_INVENTION

BUILDER/ARCHITECT

_SCULPTURE

_SOCIAUHUMANITARIAN

4-THEATER

_TRANSPORTATION

_OTHER (SPECIFY)

Layhill Church is significant in three ways. First it is an excel­lent example of A.~erican rural Protestant religious values during the fi,rst half o_f the t;wentieth century. Th_e church.'s small size and plain design reflect the belief that wors):l.ip shoul.d be simple ,and unaffected by extensive ritual or cer.emony, but that .it. should be 09ll!.Pr.ehensible .to the _ordiµ.ary layman. Because of liturgical simpl.icity, the layman was supposed to be more able to participate actively on a personal level in the service of worship. The fact that the chapel building is a single auditorium re­flects the belief that the primary function of worship is preaching, listening and responding to the Bible. The fact that a special building, devoted to teaching, was constructed in 1959 (the chapel was completed

_in 1915) reflects a growing interest in teaching as a function of worship, ind the role of the church in family life. The importance of children is also indicated by the practice of decorating the building o~ holidays and at other times especially for children.

The second reason that Layhill Church is significant is because its two main structures reflect the change from traditional to modern indus­trial methods in the c·onstruction of small buildings during the twentieth century. The chapel is constructed almo.st ~ntirely of wood, and the framing material was made from the lu.n1Der·whi'ch was cleared from the pro­perty. It was built by the men of the church, under the direction of a former pastor who was also a carpenter by trade. The annex is con­structed of mass-produced concrete blocks and standardized steel window components. Not very much of the building is composed of wood crafted by a carpenter. The annex also shows a change in attitudes about who should be responsible for building the house of worship. A construction firm was in charge of constructing it.

Layhill Church is also. significant for the local history of the metropolitan Washington, D.C. area. It shows the slow development of Montgomery County.from farming to suburban way of life. The successive addition of facilities to the property reflects the changing values of the congregation; first from simple worship to education, then with the addition of the parsonage to a desire for a full time professionally trained pastor. Finally, with the installation of parking lots the con­gregation showed its recognition that members could be commuters from a wide area.

/~ ~Continued on Attachment Sheet A)

CONTINUE ON SEPARATE SHEET IF NECESSARY

l)MAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES

See attachment sheet A

CONTINUE ON SEJ;>AMTE SHEET lf NECESSAAY

IIiJGEOGRAPHICALDATA ACREAGE OF NOMINATED PROPERTY • 65 acre

VERBAL BOUNDARY DESCRIPTION

From a point in Bonifant Rd., 330-' East, then 1.62.3' SSW, then 331.08' ·wNW, then 16. 8 to beginning point. More professional description is in surveyor's description by C.J. Maddox, May 27, 1914 in Book 252, page 23~ Montgomery Land Records, Montgomery County Courthouse, Rockville, Md.

LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARIES

STATE COUNTY

STATE COUNTY

mFORM PREPARED BY NAME I TITLE

Lawrence E. Hiboshman Candy Reed· Architectural D~~scrt,;etiQll

ORGANIZATION . DATE

Sugarloaf Regional Trails 11/27/78 STREET & NUMBER TELEPHONE

Box 87 CITY OR TOWN STATE .

Dickerson Maryland 20753

The Maryland Historic Sites Inventory was officially created by an Act of the Maryland Legis-lature·, to be found in the Annotated Code of Maryland, Article 41, Section 181 KA, 1974 Supplement.

The Survey and Inventory are being prepared for information and record purposes only and do not cons ti tu1te any infringe­ment of individual property rights.

RETURN TO: SUGARLOAF REGIONAL TRAILS . Bo~ 87, Stronghold

Dickerson, Md. 20753 {301) 926-4510

PS· 1108

Attachment Sheet A M: 27-16

Layhill Community Free Methodist Church

Another aspect of the church's significance for local history is its relationship to the community of Layhill at the turn of the century. Several of the local families (notably the Parsleys, who were involved in Democratic and Prohibitionist politics) were members. The building, along with the Victorian Parker Mansion, the Hull's and Red Door Stores (all still extant), the Oak Chapel United Methodist Church (much altered from its original form), Layhill Hall and the one room Layhill School (both now demolished) was one of the several public buildings which served this community before 1925. The buildings and records about it therefore are valuable sources about the people of the area and their way of life at the turn of the century.

The congregation plans to replace the building in the near future.

/~ BIBLIOGRAPHY

Annual Minutes of Free Methodist Church of North America, Winona Lake, ID: Free Methodist Publishing House, 1906 - 1914, 1917 - 1958, 1956 - 1961+.

Clark, Elmer T., The S:tnall Sects in .America. Revised ed. New York: Abingdon - Cokesbury Press, 1944.

Doctrines and Discipline of the Methodist Episcopal Church. New York: B. Waugh & T. Mason, 2832.

Doctrines and Discipline of the FMCNA. Winona Lake, 191+7.

Drummond, Andrew Landale. The Church Architecture of Protestantism: An Historical and Constructive Study. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1934.

Eas~man, Fred, and Morse, and Monaha:t:t, .. 'A~C., .An Educational Survey of a ~uburban and.Rural County. United States Bureau. of Education Btilletin ; 32. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1913.

Unpublished historical pamplet produced by Layhill Church, 1971+.

Interviews.

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M: 27/16

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