2º eso unit 5 grammar modal verbs
TRANSCRIPT
UNIT 5CLEVER
QUESTIONS WITH HOW
CAN – COULD – WILL BE ABLE TO
MUST – HAVE TO
SUPERLATIVE and COMPARATIVE adjectives
Modal verbs
You must learn their meaning and you will knowhow to use them
• CAN
• COULD
• BE ABLE TO + INFINITIVE
• MAY/MIGHT
• MUST
• HAVE TO
• SHOULD /OUGHT TO
PODER (only present)
PUEDE QUE DEBER
TENER QUE …DEBERIA…(advice)
SER CAPAZ DE / PODER (all tenses)
PODER (only past)
Modal verbs
• Rules– They are followed by a verb in the base form
• I can run very fast
– They are the same for all the pronouns• She/they/I/ you could make it better
– They do not need auxiliars. They take directnegative and question forms• You can’t smoke here / Can you repeat that?
– They never combine with another modal verbs• You can’t must read**
There is one exception within these rules HAVE TO + INFINITIVE
Modal verbs
• Rules (HAVE TO + INFINITIVE )
You have to conjugate the tense Have / has + infinitive
I have to work hard everyday / she has to study more
They are followed by a verb in the base form
I have to run very fast if I wat to pass the test
They are the same for all the pronounsShe/they/I/ you could make it better
They do not need auxiliars. They take direct negative and question formsYou can’t smoke here / Can you repeat that?
You have to use the auxiliars DO / DOES +Have + infinitiveDo you have to work on Sunday?/ Does she have to clean her room everyday?
They never combine with another modal verbsYou have to must read**
CAN / COULD / BE ABLE TO
• First thing you mut know is that
– CAN is used in the present tense
I can speak three languages
– COULD is used in the past tense
I could touch my nose with my tonguewhen I was six
– BE ABLE TO is a tense wich must be conjugated.
I will be able to speak French in two years
Can, could and will be able to
• I can speak three languages
• I could touch my nose with my tongue when I was six
• I will be able to speak French in two years
These 3 examples talk about the ability of doingsomething either in the past, future or thepresent tense.
• You can go out tonight because you havefinished your homework
• They couldn’t pass the driving test yesterday
• I won’t be able to phone you tomorrowbecause I will be flying to New York
They can be used to talk about something whichis or isn’t possible in a particular situation
Can and could
Can expresses ability•I can speak English•You can’t play the guitar•Where can you play tennis?
Could expresses ability in the past tense. It is also like CAN but in
a formal way•I could touch my nose with the tongue when I was six•She couldn’t speak properly when she was 2 years old•Could you pass me the salt, please?
• Will be able to expresses ability in the future. It can be
also used with any other tense
• I will be able to arrive on time at your party tomorrow
• She won’t be able to speak properly if she doesn’tpractice
• will you be able to pass your driving exam tomorrow? Yes, I will
http://www.eslgamesplus.com/must-cant-modal-moonshot/
• http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=7710
• http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=3826
MUST and HAVE TO
Must expresses a strong obligation, or the lack of it (Mustn’t)• I must wear an uniform in the school• You mustn’t use the mobile phone in the school
• It is also used to show that we are certain something is true
What would you say if I show you this picture?“He must be her brother”
And if I show you this one?“she must be her daughter”
And with this one?“He can’t be her husband”
MUST and HAVE TO
Have to is used to express certainty, necessity, and obligation
• The exam has to be corrected in the classrooom
• You don’t have to eat that if you don’t want tohttp://www.englishpage.com/modals/interactivemodal2.htm
http://mbonillo.xavierre.com/exercises/eso4/4eso2007/musthaveto1.htm
https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs-modals-have-to-must-not-quiz.htm
• http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/modal-verbs-of-obligation-exercise-1.html
• http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/modal-verbs-of-ability-exercise-1.html
• http://www.englishpage.com/modals/interactivemodal2.htm
• http://www.english-grammar-lessons.com/musthaveto/exercise7.swf
• http://www.better-english.com/easier/must2.htm• http://www.better-english.com/easier/must2.htm• http://www.agendaweb.org/verbs/modals-must-have-to-
exercises.html
Questions with HOW
• How far is your house?– It’s …… kilometres
• How strict is your mother?– She is ….
• How often do you wash your hair?– I wash my hair ….
• How many people are there in your class today?– There are ….
• How much is the cinema today?– It is…
• How tall is your partner?– He/She is …
• How funny is your best friend?– He/ She is …
COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE
• What can we find?
• SHORT ADJECTIVES
Short, small, heavy, pretty, big…
• LONG ADJECTIVES
Expensive, intelligent, amazing…
• IRREGULAR FORMS
• Good, bad, far…
SHORT ADJECTIVES
• Long
• Short
• Fat
• Thin
• Happy
• Pretty
• Heavy
• Big
• Rare
• Noisy
• Small
• Cheap
• Light
• Fast
LONG ADJECTIVE
• Interesting• Handsome• Expensive• Intelligent
• Artistic• Aggressive• Peaceful
IRREGULAR ADJECTIVES
•Good•Bad•Far
COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVEScompare two things
SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVES Compare just one thing with the rest
of things
It’s the fattest giraffe in the world!!
SHORT ADJECTIVES
COMPARATIVEWe add ………adjective –er
– Fast – faster– Wild – wilder– Long – longer– Quiet – quieter
• One syllable words ending withVOWEL + CONSONANT .– Big – bigger– Fat – fatter
• One sylable words ending with Y– Heavy – heavier
– Pretty – prettier– Happy - happier
SUPERLATIVEWe add the .. adjective -est
Fast – the fastestWild – the wildestLong – the longestQuiet – the quietest
One syllable words ending withVOWEL + CONSONANT
Big – the biggestFat – the fattest
One sylable words ending with YHeavy – the heaviestPretty – the prettiestHappy – the happiest
We add ………..-ER THAN
LONG ADJECTIVES
COMPARATIVEWe add……. MORE THAN
– Artistic• She is more artistic than me
– Intelligent• Elephants are more intelligent
than dogs
– Interesting• The film is more interesting
than the book
– Creative• My brother is more creative
than his girlfriend
– Peaceful• I’d like to live in a more
peaceful world
SUPERLATIVEWe add……. THE MOST
ArtisticShe is the most artistic in thefamily
IntelligentDolphins are the mostintelligent animals in the world
InterestingThis film is the most interestingI´ve ever seen
CreativeMy brother is the most creativein the school
PeacefulWhich is the most peacefulplace in the world?We add MORE ………..THAN
• http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=6088
• http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=6050
• http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=9341
• http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=1205
Unit 5 Vocabulary
•Do you know the name of anycomposer, writer, painter…?
Picasso , Velazquez, Lorca, Cervantes, Mozart, Vivaldi…
•Do you know if there are intelligentanimals??
Gorillas, monkeys, whales, dolphins, elephants, pigs….
• Do you consider yourself a
clever person?
A clever person is ….. Smart, astute, intelligent….
• Why?
SKILL
Paint
Write
Dance
Program
Cook
Compose
Play
Win
Sing
PERSON (noun)
Painter
Writer
Dancer
Programmer
Cook
Composer
Player
Winner
Singer
FAMOUS PERSON
Jane Austen
Venus Williams
Nelly Furtado
Ferrán Adriá
Kaká
José Carreras
William Shakeaspeare
J.K Rowling
Francisco Goya
Vincen Van Gogh
Henry Ford
WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT THEM ……
ADJECTIVES• Artistic
• Common
• Intelligent
• Peaceful
• Wild
• Heavy
• Rare
• Fast
• Slow
• Aggressive
• Practical
• Stupid
• Light
• Domesticated