2.egyptian
TRANSCRIPT
Egyptian Art
Chapter 355-84
09/15 Warm-Up
• Write your name largely in Hieroglyphic.
• Create a story out of the pictographs of your name.
• What are your associations with Egypt? 4 Sentences.
BLAKE LIKES PIE!!!!!!!!
Debate Question:
What is an artwork that best represents your view of death?
Guiding Question1.Does death mean the same thing for everyone?
2.How is life after death depicted? How does it affect death and funerals?
3.Does all art comment on death?
Egypt
• 2500 BCE• What is backbone of Egypt?• Defined cultures• Discovery in 18th century ?• Napoleon • Rosetta Stone• Earliest Forms of writing
Quick Timeline/Map
• Predynastic (4210 BC–2680 BC)• Old Kingdom (2680 BC–2258 BC)• Middle Kingdom (2258 BC–1786 BC)• New Kingdom (1786 BC–1085 BC)• Amarna Period (1085 BC–1055 BC)• Third Intermediate Period, First Persian
Period, Late Period of ancient Egypt
Hierakonpolis – Egypt – Predynastic – 3500 BCE – Paint and
Plaster
• Does this resemble paleolithic or neolithic art?
• How is it different?• Provide its MARCS
1st Dynasty – Narmer Palette
1st Dynasty – Narmer Palette3000-2900 bce. Slate
• Creation of Kingdoms of Two Great Lands• Upper and lower Egypt• Goddess Hathor• Horizontal bands• Crown = upper Egypt• Horus- God Protector• Intertwined animals = unification?
Palette of Narmer – Is the beginning of Egyptian laws of representation
• Commemorative rather than funerary
Mastaba
• Insure happiness in the afterlife• Rectangular• Brick with slope • Shaft connected this chamber
w/ outside providing a place for the Ka to leave and come back into the Mastaba.
• What was inside of the Mastaba?
What do the Egyptians do to prepare tomb for the afterlife?
• Embalming the body to keep it intact for as long as possible
• Organs removed• Canopic Jars• 40 days for salt to dehydrate the body• Amulets and scarabs with the corpse• Spells• Happiness in the afterlife = Goal of the tomb• Eye of Horus
Warm-Up
• Describe the ideal process to prepare a body for death for Egyptians, compare to processes today.
• What would be depicted on your pyramid’s burial chamber walls to make your Ka happy? What are some practices for remembering people who have passed away? What is the significance of modern funerary symbols?
Stepped Pyramid
• Imhotep – Royal builder for King Djoser 2630
• High Priestess
• Pyramid had chambers underground and galleries
• North side placement facing Northern Stars
Columnar Entrance to the Mortuary area of Djoser – 2630-
2611BCE
• Resemble Greek Columns• Emerged into a courtyard• Engaged columns not
freestanding
Mortuary Precinct of Djoser – 2630 BCE –courtyards, temples, courts
The Old Kingdom –Gizeh, Egypt Great Pyramids 2490 BCE Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure
• Enormous cost • New style – due to a new type
of religion• Symbols of the sun• Kings in the Pyramids were -
Reborn in the afterlife • Limestone coating• 450 FT• East side placement – with the
rising sun• Sun rays ramp to the sun
Valley of the Kings
Khafre, - 2520BCE, Diorite
• wears a kilt, sitting upright, God Horus,
• False beard, royal linen headdress, and cobra of kingship.
• Intertwined lotus and papyrus plants
• Menkaure and the Queen, 2490BCE
• Left leg advancement
• Martial Status, How?
Seated Scribe- from his Mastaba – 2450BCE -Limestone
• Egyptian Realism• Position of Honor• Some statues were painted, not
all.• What is a scribe?• Signs of age?
Ka –Aper
• from his Mastaba 2450 BCE –Wood
• Almost looks alive, on a ground, realism, Saggy stomach
Ti watching a hippopotamus hunt, relief in
Mastaba of Ti – 2450BCE
• For adornment of a tomb
• Stems
• Egyptian canon of proportions- fixed number of squares
09/17 Warm-Up
• Describe the 3 reasons that cause a civilization to go into decline. What might be a major issue with large systems of governance?
• What do you think happens to art in these times?
The Middle Kingdom
• 2150 Pharaoh’s power was challenged, the Pharaoh of Upper Egypt Mentuhotep II united Egypt again = Middle Kingdom
• What is so different about this face?
• ( Fragmentary head of Senusret III, 1860BCE)
• Senusret’s tomb was mud brick
• Rock cut tombs- Beni Hasan – Egypt -1950BCERock cut tombs replaced Mastabas - columned hallways, like Greek columns
Rock-cut tombs
Beni Hasan, Egypt
ca. 1,950-1,900 B.C.E.
Rock cut Tombs BH 3-5
Beni Hasan, Egypt, Dynasty XII
ca. 1950-1900 B.C.E.
Tomb of Meketre, Thebes, Egypt
ca. 1,985 B.C.E.
Tomb of Meketre, Thebes, Egypt
ca. 1,985 B.C.E.
Riverboat
from tomb of Meketre, Thebes, Egypt
ca. 1,985 B.C.E.gessoed and painted wood50 3/8 in. long
Granary
from tomb of Meketre, Thebes, Egypt
ca. 1,985 B.C.E.gessoed and painted wood29 1/8 in. long
Statuette of an offering bearer
from tomb of Meketre, Thebes, Egypt
ca. 1,985 B.C.E.gessoed and painted wood44 1/8 in. high
Hippopotamus
from Thebes, Egypt
1991-1783 B.C.E.faience and ceramic7 7/8 in. long
08/26 Timed Writing
• Describe and fully identify both works of art. Discuss how the cultural developments influenced the production and symbols, including its contribution to the canon.
New Kingdom Art
(1786 BC–1085 BC)
Mortuary temple of Hatshepsut
@ Deir el-Bahri - Egypt- 1473BCE
• Ramps, colonnades, in natural setting
• Gardens and rare plants would be placed around the tomb area
• Inside art of her coronation and birth
Debate Question
• Complete the sentence:
• “The male ideal in art is…”
Hatshesput with offering Jars – 1473BCE – Red Granite
• around 200 sculptures were made of Hatshesput
• Seen often as a sphinx
• Portrayed as a male
Hatshepsutwith offering jars
Deir el-Bahri, Egypt
ca. 1,473-1,458 B.C.E.red granite8 ft. 6 in. high
Senmut
Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut
Deir el-Bahri, Egypt
ca. 1,473-1,458 B.C.E.
Statue of Hatshepsut
Deir el-Bahri, Egypt
ca. 1,473-1,458 B.C.E.limestone76 3/4 in. high
Fowling Scene
from the tomb of Nebamun, Thebes, Egypt
ca. 1,400-1,350 B.C.E.fresco secco32 in. high
Tiye
from Gurob, Egypt
ca. 1,353-1,335 B.C.E.wood with gold, silver, alabaster, & lapis3 3/4 in. high
Canopic jar
from Thebes, Egypt
ca. 1,349-1,336 B.C.E.alabaster with stone and glass inlay20 1/2 in. high
Akhenaton
from the temple of Amen-Re, Karnak, Egypt
ca. 1,353-1,335 B.C.E.sandstoneapproximately 13 ft. high
Akhenaton sacrificing a duck
ca. 1,353-1,335 B.C.E.limestone9 5/8 in. high
Thutmose
Nefertiti
from Tell el-Amarna, Egypt
ca. 1,353-1,335 B.C.E.painted limestone20 in. high
Innermost coffin of Tutankhamen
from Thebes, Egypt
ca. 1,323 B.C.E.gold with semiprecious stones73 in. high
Death Mask of Tutankhamen
from Thebes, Egypt
ca. 1,323 B.C.E.gold with semiprecious stones21 1/4 in. high
Hypostyle Hall- @Karnak, Egypt – 1290-1224 BCE
• New Kingdom temples often had Hypostyle halls
Painted chest of Tutankhamen
from Thebes, Egypt
ca. 1,333-1,323 B.C.E.painted wood20 in. long
Wedjat Eye of Tutankhamen
from Thebes, Egypt
ca. 1,333-1,323 B.C.E.gold and precious stones2 in. wide
Last judgment of Hu-Nefer
from Thebes, Egypt
ca. 1,290-1280 B.C.E.painted papyrus scroll18 in. high
Book of the Dead
from Thebes, Egypt
ca. 1,040-945 B.C.E.painted and inscribed papyrus13 3/4 in. high
Temple of Ramses II
from Abu Simbel, Egypt
ca. 1290-1224 B.C.E.colossi approximately 65 ft. high
Temple of Ramses II
from Abu Simbel, Egypt
ca. 1290-1224 B.C.E.colossi approximately 65 ft. high
Temple of Ramses II
from Abu Simbel, Egypt
ca. 1290-1224 B.C.E.atlantids approximately 32 ft. high
Temple of Amen-Re
Karnak, Egypt
ca. 15th century B.C.E.
Model of Hypostyle hall Temple of Amen-Re
Karnak, Egypt, Dynasty XIX
ca. 1290-1224 B.C.E.
Hypostyle hall Temple of Amen-Re
Karnak, Egypt, Dynasty XIX
ca. 1290-1224 B.C.E.
Ptolemaic Art
Temple of Horus
Edfu, Egypt
ca. 237-47 B.C.E.
Cat
from Thebes, Egypt
304-31 B.C.E.bronze11 in. high
Roman-Egyptian Art
Temple of Dendur
from Nubia
ca. 15 B.C.E.sandstone82 ft. long
Temple of Dendur
from Nubia
ca. 15 B.C.E.sandstone82 ft. long
Temple of Dendur
from Nubia
ca. 15 B.C.E.sandstone82 ft. long
Portrait of a boy
from Faiyum, Egypt
2nd century A.D.encaustic on wood15 in. high
Faiyum portraits
2nd century A.D.encaustic on wood