25 kw x-band transceiver downmast

8/10/2019 25 KW X-Band Transceiver Downmast

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303077P001

Rev. CJUNE 2004

25 KW X-BAND TRANSCEIVERDOWNMAST

TYPE09N-009

TECHNICAL MANUAL


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303077P

001

Rev.

C

JUNE2

004

25KWX-B

AND/D

TRANSCEIVER

TYPE

09N-0

09

TECHNICAL

MANU

AL


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25 KW X-BAND/D TRANSCEIVERFOREWORD

APPLICATION FOR MANUAL REVISIONS

Upon receipt of this manual, please fill in the necessary data. It isimportant that the addressee be the end user so that the operatingpersonnel will receive all revisions to the manual

EQUIPMENT NAME .............................................................................................

SERIAL No ..................................... MODEL......................................................

MANUAL TITLE....................................................................................................

........................................................ MANUAL PART NUMBER.........................

ISSUED INDEX............................... REVISION INDEX......................................

PURCHASING AGENCY......................................................................................

NAME OF USER...................................................................................................

ADDRESS OF USER............................................................................................


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RECORD OF CHANGES

RCS CODE/REV. INDEX DATE

PURPOSE OF

THE CHANGE

CHANGE

REQUESTED BY

Revision A 30/11/1997 First Emission.

Revision B 11/03/2003 Upgrade to RTMCONT B Board.

006/03

Revision C 03/06/2004 General revision Manufacturer


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MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS

Warnings

Chapter 1 DESCRIPTION AND MAIN CHARACTERISTICS

Chapter 2 OPERATION

Chapter 3 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

Chapter 4 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCEChapter 5 TROUBLESHOOTING

Chapter 6 CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE

Chapter 7 PARTS LIST

Chapter 8 INSTALLATION

Chapter 9 FIGURES


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25 KW X-BAND/D TRANSCEIVERINDEX

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1DESCRIPTION AND MAIN CHARACTERISTICS....................................... 1.1

1.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................1.11.1.1 Manual Applicability................................................................................................1.11.1.2 Purpose of the Equipment .....................................................................................1.1

1.1.3 List of Abbreviation .................................................................................................1.11.2 Physical Description ...............................................................................................1.11.2.1 Composition.............................................................................................................1.11.2.2 Functional Description ...........................................................................................1.21.2.3 Technical Characteristics ......................................................................................1.3

CHAPTER 2OPERATION.................................................................................................2.1

2.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................2.12.1.1 Purpose....................................................................................................................2.12.2 Controls and Indicators..........................................................................................2.12.3 Semi-operative Controls ........................................................................................2.1

CHAPTER 3FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION..................................................................... 3.1

3.1

Introduction..............................................................................................................3.1

3.2 Functional Description ...........................................................................................3.23.3 ELECTRONIC ASSY .............................................................................................3.43.3.1 POWER MOS Board..............................................................................................3.43.3.1.1 High Voltage Power Supply (H.V.P.S.) Generator Circuit ................................3.43.3.1.2 Pulse Circuit Generator.........................................................................................3.53.3.1.3 15V ISO and 120 V Generation............................................................................3.63.3.2 RTM CONT Board ..................................................................................................3.63.3.2.1 Low Voltage Power Supply Circuit (LVPS) .........................................................3.6

3.3.2.2

Microprocessor .......................................................................................................3.7

3.3.2.2.1 General Description................................................................................................3.73.3.2.2.2 Functions Performed..............................................................................................3.73.3.2.2.3 Input Signals............................................................................................................3.83.3.2.2.4 Output Signals.........................................................................................................3.83.3.2.3 Pulse Length Generator Function ........................................................................3.83.3.2.4 Performance Monitor Function .............................................................................3.9


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3.6 Transformer Assy .................................................................................................3.17

CHAPTER 4

PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE.................................................................... 4.1

4.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................4.14.2 Preventive Maintenance Procedure.....................................................................4.1

CHAPTER 5TROUBLESHOOTING ................................................................................. 5.1

5.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................5.1

5.1.1 General ....................................................................................................................5.15.1.2 Organization ............................................................................................................5.15.1.3 Personnel .................................................................................................................5.15.1.4 Tools and Instruments ...........................................................................................5.15.2 Troubleshooting Procedures.................................................................................5.15.2.1 Safety Precautions .................................................................................................5.15.2.2 Troubleshooting Operations..................................................................................5.2

CHAPTER 6CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE................................................................... 6.1

6.1 General ....................................................................................................................6.16.1.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................6.16.1.2 Safety Precautions .................................................................................................6.16.1.3 Personnel .................................................................................................................6.16.1.4 Required Tools and Instruments ..........................................................................6.16.2 Corrective Maintenance Procedures ...................................................................6.26.2.1 Replacement of the Transformer Assy Fuses ....................................................6.2

6.2.2 Replacement of the Filter Assy.............................................................................6.36.2.3 Removal/Installation of the Supply Assy .............................................................6.36.2.4 Replacement of the Torque Reducer ..................................................................6.46.2.5 Replacement of the Transformer Assy ................................................................6.46.2.6 Replacement of the POWER MOS Assy Fuse ..................................................6.56.2.7 Replacement of the RTM CONT Fuse ................................................................6.66.2.8 Replacement of the NIFB Assy ............................................................................6.66.2.9 Removal/installation of the Electronics Assy......................................................6.76.2.10 Replacement of the RTM CONT Board ..............................................................6.7

6.2.11 Replacement of the RTM CONT B Board...........................................................6.86.2.12 Replacement of the POWER MOS Assy ............................................................6.96.2.13 Replacement of the LNFE Assy .........................................................................6.106.2.14 Replacement of the Magnetron ..........................................................................6.10

CHAPTER 7


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8.1.4 Handling...................................................................................................................8.68.2 Specifications ..........................................................................................................8.68.2.1 Dimensions and weights (also see outline drawings) .......................................8.68.2.2 Power.......................................................................................................................8.6

8.2.3 Environmental Data................................................................................................8.68.3 Installation................................................................................................................8.78.3.1 Installation Principles .............................................................................................8.78.3.2 Mechanical installation...........................................................................................8.78.3.3 Electrical installation...............................................................................................8.78.3.3.1 Multicore Cable .......................................................................................................8.78.3.3.2 Grounding ................................................................................................................8.88.3.3.3 Installation Check-out ............................................................................................8.98.3.4 Pre Setup Procedures............................................................................................8.9

8.4 Installation Figures and Drawings ......................................................................8.108.5 Annex .....................................................................................................................8.15

CHAPTER 9FIGURES ...................................................................................................... 9.1

Figure 9.1.1 RTM 25X/M Unit External View.........................................................................9.2Figure 9.1.2 RTM 25X/M Unit External View - Bottom Side ...............................................9.3Figure 9.1.3 RTM 25X/M Block Diagram ...............................................................................9.4Figure 9.1.4 RTM 25X/M Unit Internal View..........................................................................9.5Figure 9.1.5 RTM 25X/M Unit Particular of the Supply Assy ..............................................9.6Figure 9.1.6 RTM CONT Board ..................................................................................................9.7Figure 9.1.7 RTM CONT B Board ..............................................................................................9.8Figure 9.1.8 RTM CONT B Board Jumpers Position ...........................................................9.9Figure 9.1.9 RTM 25X/M Functional Block Diagram with RTM CONT Board ...............9.10Figure 9.1.10 RTM 25X/M Functional Block Diagram with RTM CONT B Board ............9.11Figure 9.1.11 POWER MOS Board HVPS Generator Circuit .............................................9.12Figure 9.1.12 POWER MOS Board Pulse Generator Circuit ..............................................9.13

Figure 9.1.13 RTM CONT Board LVPS Circuit .....................................................................9.14Figure 9.1.14 RTM CONT Board - Microprocessor.................................................................9.15Figure 9.1.15 RTM CONT Board Pulse Length Function Generator.................................9.16Figure 9.1.16 RTM CONT Board Performance Monitor Circuit ..........................................9.17Figure 9.1.17 RTM CONT B Board LVPS Circuit .................................................................9.18Figure 9.1.18 RTM CONT B Board Microprocessor and Gate Array .................................9.19Figure 9.1.19 RTM CONT B Board Performance Monitor Circuit ......................................9.20Figure 9.1.20 RTM CONT Board and RTM CONT B Board AZ and HL Signals Generator

Circuit .....................................................................................................................9.21

Figure 9.1.21 NIFB Assy Circuit..................................................................................................9.22Figure 9.1.22 Torque Reducer Assy Circuit ..............................................................................9.23Figure 9.1.23 RF Head Functional Block Diagram ...............................................................9.24Figure 9.1.24 Transformer Assy Functional Block Diagram with RTM CONT Board ......9.25Figure 9.1.25 Transformer Assy Functional Block Diagram with RTM CONT B Board ..9.26Figure 9.1.26 RTM 25X/M Unit Partial View..........................................................................9.27Figure 9 1 27 RTM 25X/M Unit External View Right Side 9 28


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25 KW X BAND/D TRANSCEIVER


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LIST OF TABLES

Table 1.1.1- List of Abbreviations ....................................................................................................1.1Table 1.2.1- Equipment, Accessories and Document Supplied ..................................................1.2Table 1.2.2- 25 KW X-BAND/D TRANSCEIVER Composition ...................................................1.2Table 1.2.3- Technical Characteristics ...........................................................................................1.3Table 2.3.1 - Semi-operative Controls Location of RTM Cabinet ...............................................2.1Table 2.3.2 - Semi-operative Controls Location of RTM CONT BOARD ..................................2.2

Table 2.3.3- Semi-operative Controls Location of RTM CONT b Board ....................................2.3Table 2.3.4 - Semi-operative Controls jumpers of RTM CONT B BOARD ...............................2.4Table 3.3.1 - Microprocessor Input Signals ...................................................................................3.8Table 3.3.2 - Microprocessor Output Signals ................................................................................3.8Table 3.3.3- Microprocessor Input Signals...................................................................................3.12Table 3.3.4 - Gate Array Input Signals .........................................................................................3.12Table 3.3.5 - Microprocessor Output Signals ..............................................................................3.13Table 3.3.6 - Gate Array Output Signals ......................................................................................3.13Table 4.2.1 - List of Recommended Tools and Instruments........................................................4.2

Table 4.2.2 - List of the Preventive Maintenance Cards ..............................................................4.2Table 5.1.1 - List of Recommended Instruments ..........................................................................5.1Table 5.2.1 - List of Main Possible Failures...................................................................................5.2Table 6.2.1 - List of the Corrective Maintenance Procedures .....................................................6.2Table 7.2.1 - List of Items with rtm cont Board ..............................................................................7.2Table 7.2.2 - List of Items with RTM CONT B Board....................................................................7.3


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25 KW X-BAND/D TRANSCEIVERWARNINGS

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Purpose

The safety precautions described in this paragraph are applicable to 25 KW X-BAND/D TRANSCEIVER. Depending upon the material to be highlighted, thefollowing attention letter headings are used in the technical manual content.

WARNING

THIS IS OPERATING OR MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE,

PRACTICE, CONDITION AND STATEMENT WHICH. IF NOTSTRICTLY FOLLOWED, COULD RESULT IN INJURY TO ORDEATH OF PERSONNEL

WARNING

THIS IS OPERATING OR MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE,PRACTICE, CONDITION AND STATEMENT WHICH. IF NOTSTRICTLY OBSERVED, COULD RESULT IN DAMAGE TO,OR DESTRUCTION OF, UNIT OR LOSS OF EMISSIONEFFECTIVENESS.

NOTE

An essential operating or maintenance procedure, condition orstatement which must be highlighted

Whenever a precaution, relating specifically to a part of the technical manual isneeded the information is given in the relevant part of the manual. Warningsand Cautions precede applicable text.

Safety Operations

During normal operation (front cover closed), the unit can be quicklydisconnected from the main power line, setting to OFF the relevant circuitbreaker located on the electric switchboard



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25 KW X BAND/D TRANSCEIVERWARNINGS

Safety Summary

The following are general safety precautions that are not related to any specificprocedure and therefore do not appear elsewhere in this technical manual.These are recommended precautions that personnel must understand andapply during most phases of operation and maintenance.

KEEP AWAY FROM LIVE CIRCUIT

Operating personnel must at all times follow all safety regulations.

Do not replace components or make adjustments inside the unit with the highvoltage supply turned ON. Under certain conditions, dangerous potentials mayexist when the power breaker is in the OFF position, also due to chargesretained by capacitors. To avoid casualties, always remove power anddischarge to ground a circuit before touching it.

DO NOT SERVICE OR ADJUST ALONE

Under no circumstances should any person initiate servicing or adjusting theunit except in the presence of someone capable of helping.

RESUSCITATION

Personnel working with or near high voltage should be familiar with modernmethods of resuscitation. Such information may be obtained from the Bureau ofMedicine and Surgery.

Warning InformationThe following warnings appear in the text of this technical manual, and arerepeated here for emphasis.

WARNING

USE EXTREME CARE WHEN WORKING ON THE UNITONCE THE COVER HAS BEEN OPENED. THE MAGNETRONASSEMBLY OPERATES AT VOLTAGES THAT MAY PROVEFATAL

WARNING



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WARNINGS

WARNING

USE EXTREME CARE WHEN WORKING ON THEEQUIPMENT ONCE THE FRONT COVER HAS BEENOPENED. THE MAGNETRON ASSEMBLY OPERATES ATVOLTAGES THAT MAY PROVE FATAL.

WARNING

SET MAIN LINE BREAKER TO OFF BEFORE REPLACINGANY FUSE. FUSES ARE UNDER VOLTAGE LEVELS WHICHMAY PROVE FATAL.



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DESCRIPTION AND MAIN CHARACTERISTICS

CHAPTER 1DESCRIPTION AND MAIN

CHARACTERISTICS

1.1Introduction

1.1.1 Manual Applicability

The present technical manual provides information, data and proceduresrelevant to general description, operation, functional description, scheduledmaintenance, troubleshooting, corrective maintenance and replaceable partslist of the 25 KW Receiver Transmitter Module in X-Band Radar Unit, from nowon called 25 KW X-BAND/D TRANSCEIVER.

For brevity of description, reference to the Unit in the object can also be madeby means of the Manufacturer code name: 25 KW X-BAND/D TRANSCEIVER.

The present technical manual contents is arranged in 10 Chapters as follows:

Warnings

Chapter 1 DESCRIPTION AND MAIN CHARACTERISTICS

Chapter 2 OPERATION

Chapter 3 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

Chapter 4 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

Chapter 5 TROUBLESHOOTING

Chapter 6 CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE

Chapter 7 PARTS LIST

Chapter 8 INSTALLATION

Chapter 9 FIGURES

1.1.2 Purpose of the Equipment

The 25 KW X-BAND/D TRANSCEIVER unit (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.1) is



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1.1.3 List of Abbreviation

Measurement abbreviations according to MIL STD-12; other terms andabbreviations used in the present manual are listed in Table 1.1.1- List ofAbbreviations.

Table 1.1.1- List of Abbreviations

ABBREVIATION MEANINGS

AC

AZ

DC

dB

dBm

HL

HV

IF

LED

LOLV

MDS

MTBF

PRF

PS

RC

RF

R.P.M.RTM

STC

TTL

VCO

WG

Alternating Current

Antenna Azimuth Pulse

Direct Current

Decibel

Decibel referred to 1 milliwatt

Heading Line

High Voltage

Intermediate Frequency

Light Emitting Diode

Local OscillatorLow Voltage

Minimum Detectable Signal

Mean Time Between Failures

Pulse Repetition Frequency

Power Supply

Resistor - Capacitor

Radio Frequency

Revolution per MinuteReceiver Transmitter Modulator

Sensitivity Time Control

Transistor-Transistor Logic

Voltage Controlled Oscillator

Waveguide

1.2Physical Description

1.2.1 Composition

The 25 KW X-BAND/D TRANSCEIVER is installed in a metal cabinet (Chapter

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the main assemblies composing the unit and their position inside the unit withreference to Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.2 and Figure 9.1.4.

Table 1.2.1- Equipment, Accessories and Document Supplied

POS. DESCRIPTION CODEWIDTH(mm)

HEIGHT(mm)

DEPTH(mm

WEIGHT(kg)

1 25 KW X-Band ReceiverTransmitter Modulator

09N-009 476 610 340 25

2 Technical manual 303077P001

Table 1.2.2- 25 KW X-BAND/D TRANSCEIVER Composition

DESCRIPTION CHAPTER 9,FIGURES/POS.

RTM 25 KW X-BAND -

Cabinet RTM "X" Assy Fig. 9.1.4 pos.1

Noise Source Fig. 9.1.4 pos. 2

Magnetron Fig. 9.1.4 pos. 3

LNFE Assy Fig. 9.1.4 pos. 4

Electronics Assy composed of: -

- POWER MOS Assy Fig. 9.1.4 pos. 5

- RTM CONT or RTM CONT B Board Fig. 9.1.4 pos. 6

- NIFB Assy Fig. 9.1.4 pos. 7

Supply Assy composed of: -

- Transformer Assy Fig. 9.1.4 pos. 8

- Torque Reducer Assy Fig. 9.1.4 pos. 9

Line Filter Assy Fig. 9.1.2 pos. 4

1.2.2 Functional Description

The 25 kW X-Band RTM unit is mainly divided into Receiver and Transmitter

sections, both enclosed in a solid state modular R.F. Head.

The Transmitter generates the R.F. energy in the X-Band range and pulsesmodulated with a peak power of 25 KW; the pulses, whose length and PRF areaccording to the selections, are radiated by the Antenna. The transmissionpulses can be selected on Short, Medium, Long Pulse according with the range

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1.2.3 Technical Characteristics

Table 1.2.3- Technical Characteristics lists the main features with respect to theinherent capabilities of the present configuration

Table 1.2.3- Technical Characteristics

DIMENSIONS AND WEIGHTS

Width 476 mm

Depth 340 mm

Height 585 mm

Weight 25 Kg

REQUIRED POWER

220/380 VAC, 3, 50 Hz orAlternatives

255/440 VAC, 3, 60 Hz

Power consumption 200 VA

ENVIRONMENTAL DATA

Operating temperature -15C / +55C

Storage temperature -25C / +70

C

Relative humidity Up to 95% at +40

Water resistance, Salt spray, Vibrations etc as per IEC 60945

CHARACTERISTICS

Modulator Solid state (MOSFET)

Nominal Peak Power 25 kW

Frequency range 93459405 MHz

Nominal pulse lengths 60/250/800 ns

Pulse repetition frequency 3000/1500/750 Hz

IF amplifier Logarithmic

IF centre frequency 50 MHz

IF- Bandwidth 1620/45/1,52 MHz

Overall noise figure 5 dB

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OPERATION

CHAPTER 2OPERATION

2.1Introduction

2.1.1 Purpose

The present Chapter provides the operating instructions, information andprocedures required in order to enable operating personnel to efficiently andeffectively operate the 25 KW X-BAND/D TRANSCEIVER unit for it toaccomplish its designated tasks.

The Chapter is divided in:

Paragraph 2.2 Controls and Indicators

Paragraph 2.3 Semi-operative Controls

The Unit does not require personnel on steady watch conditions, but requiresgeneral monitoring during normal operating situations. Since the Unit does nothave operating controls, paragraph 2.2 is not applicable. All semi-operativecontrols are located inside the unit.

2.2Controls and Indicators

Since the Unit does not have operating controls, this paragraph is notapplicable.

2.3Semi-operative ControlsThe unit is fitted with some semi operative controls which are accessible when

the front cover is opened. The semi-operative controls location is shown inChapter 9, Figure 9.1.5-Figure 9.1.6 (RTM CONT Board ) or Figure 9.1.7-Figure9.1.8 (RTM CONT B Board).

Table 2.3.2 - Semi-operative Controls Location of RTM CONT BOARD, Table2.3.3- Semi-operative Controls Location of RTM CONT b Board and Table 2.3.4

Semi operative Controls jumpers of RTM CONT B BOARD; provide their



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OPERATION

Table 2.3.2 - Semi-operative Controls Location of RTM CONT BOARD

POS. CODE TYPE FUNCTION

1 S1 10 position rotary switch It selects the function to be monitored bythe LED BAR as follow:

Pos. Function

0 Ready1 Tuning2 Magnetron Current3 PW level4 Temperature

5-7 Not used

8-9 Reserved2 S2 10 position rotary switch It selects the RTM unit operation mode

as follow:

Pos. Function

0 RTM under external control 11 RTM under external control 22 RTM in local stand-by3 RTM in local with short pulse4 RTM in local with medium pulse

5 RTM in local with long pulse6 Not Used7 RTM in local with long pulse and

Performance Monitor8-9 Not used

3 U26 10 segments LED BARindicator

When lit-up, it visualises the followingparameters:

Pos. Function

1-8 Status or value of the selectedfunction (hexadecimal valuedisplayed) (1 LSB - 8 MSB)

9 Rx line status10 Tx line status

4 D13 LED It indicates the signal NOISE ENABLINGpresence in the Performance MonitorCircuit

5 R41 Local Tuning

Potentiometer

In local, it controls the VCO tuning

6 JM1 Configuration Jumper Free

7 JM2 Configuration Jumper Used for the following selections:

1-16 Not used2-15 Not used3-15 Not used



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OPERATION

Table 2.3.3- Semi-operative Controls Location of RTM CONT b Board

POS. CODE TYPE FUNCTION

1 S1 10 position rotary switch If It selects the function to be monitored bythe LED BAR as follow:

a) P17 in OPEN position

Pos. Function

0 Ready1 Tuning2 Magnetron Current3 PW Level4 Temperature

5 Configuration of P3, P4, P5, P6P7, P11, and P13

6 Configuration of P8, P10, P12,P14, P15, P16, P17 and P18

7 Not Used

8-9 Reserved

b) P17 in CLOSED position

Pos. Function

0 STC Amplification

1 STC Slope2 P.M. Open3 P.M. Amplification4 VD Level5 S.P. Length Adjustment5 TR Delay

7-8-9 Not Used

2 S2 10 position rotary switch It selects the RTM unit operation mode asfollow:

Pos. Function

0 RTM under external control 11 RTM under external control 22 RTM in local stand-by3 RTM in local with short pulse4 RTM in local with medium pulse5 RTM in local with long pulse6 Not used

7 RTM in local with long pulse andPerformance Monitor8-9 Not used

3 U31 10 segments LED BARindicator

When lit-up, it visualises the followingparameters:

Pos. Function

1 8 Status or value of the selected



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Table 2.3.4 - Semi-operative Controls jumpers of RTM CONT B BOARD

POS. CODE JUMPER FUNCTION FUNCTION

1 P1 SC2/TX422 Open for serial transmission (TX422)

Closed for parallel controls (SC2)

2 P2 SC1/TX422 Open for serial transmission (TX422)

Closed for parallel controls (SC1)

3 P3 READY Normally open (use only in service)

4 P4 LED bar selection Normally open

5 P5 PRF selection Normally open

6 P6 AUTOTUNE Normally open

7 P7 S or X Open for S-Band RTMClosed for X-Band RTM

8 P8 FAST ANT. Open for standard speed antenna

Closed for Hsc high speed antenna

9 P9 P.M. PRESENT Normally closed

RTMs have standard Performance Monitor

10 P10 MAGNETRON Closed for 25 KW Magnetron

Open for other Magnetron type

11 P11 Not used12 P12 MAGNETRON Closed for 25 KW and 30 KW Magnetrons

Open for other Magnetron type

13 P13 RX - COMB Open for RS-232 and RS-422 serial transmission

Closed for combined video plus data

14 P14 MAGNETRON Normally open

15 P15 AZ0 Closed for 128/1024 PPR

Open for 132/4096 PPR

16 P16 AZ1 Closed for 128/132/1024 PPR

Open for 1024/4096 PPR

17 P17 S1 SELECTION Open for RTM status on led bar

Closed for local RTM adjustment

18 P18 SER. - PAR. Open for serial transmission

Closed for parallel transmission

19 P19 AZIMUTHSELECTION

Closed pins 1/2 for internal azimuth

Closed pins 2/3 for external azimuth

20 P20 HEADING LINESELECT

Closed pins1/2 for negative going H.L.

Closed pins 2/3 for positive going H.L.

21 P21 TUNE SELECTION Closed pins 2/3

22 P22 JTAG PROG. Normally open factory use only

23 P23 P.M. Closed pins 1/2 for high sensitivity



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CHAPTER 3FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

3.1IntroductionThe present chapter provides the functional and detailed description of the mainfunctions and operations performed by the 25 KW X-BAND/D TRANSCEIVER.

Functional diagrams are used to depict signal processing: text is used to

support diagrams as necessary for clarity purposes. The descriptions arestructured in paragraphs as described in what follows.

Paragraph 3.2, Functional Description, provides a general functionaldescription, functional areas identification and main interconnections amongthem. This allows to high light the main functions relationship and unitperformance.

As functional area it is intended a group of circuits, or other devices, which

operate together to accomplish a well defined function. Each of the majorfunctions of the unit shown in the functional block diagram (Chapter 9, Figure9.1.9 or Figure 9.1.10) is described in details on separate functional blockdiagrams whose description is given as follows:

Paragraph 3.3, Electronics Assy

Paragraph 3.4, AC Torque Reducer

Paragraph 3.5, Solid state R.F. HeadParagraph 3.6, Transformer Assy

Functional block diagrams show the development of a function from input tooutput in detail. Main assemblies and subassemblies (modules and cards) areshown and identified by code name and part number (P/N).

Hardware blocks are used in the signal paths to describe processing functionsperformed. For a better understanding, the signal functions on circuit blocks aretagged by letters whose meanings are described in the list of abbreviations(Table 1.2.4). Signal flows are mainly laid down from left to right and from top tobottom, so that subassemblies can be illustrated more than once to ensurelogical signal flow. Signals, on functional block diagram, appear with their officialcode name as given on the manufacturer electric schematic diagrams and



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NOTE

The schematic block diagrams of Chapter 9 show all thefunctions that the boards hardware could potentially support,while the related functional description refers only to thefunctions implemented in the present customised configuration.

3.2Functional DescriptionThe 25 KW X-BAND/D TRANSCEIVER functional block diagram is shown inChapter 9, Figure 9.1.9 (with RTM CONT Board) or Figure 9.1.10 (with RTMCONT B Board).

Each block diagram represents a functional area which is described in detail inthe following functions of the present chapter (paragraphs 3.3 through 3.6). Theblocks indicated by dotted lines represent circuits assembled on the chassis ofthe unit.

Basically, the unit performs the following functions:

it generates the power supply voltages required for its ownfunctioning

it generates the R.F. pulses which will be radiated by theAntenna; the pulses, in X-band wave length (9375 30 MHz)and with 25 KW peak nominal power, can be selected

among the following

PULSE TYPE DURATION PRF

SHORT PULSE nominal 60 ns 3000 Hz

MEDIUM PULSE nominal 250 ns 1500 Hz

LONG PULSE nominal 800 ns 750 Hz

it receives the echoes reflected from targets and it convertsand amplifies them

it monitors the unit correct operations



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The Magnetron output R.F. signal is sent to the Antenna via the Circulator andthe waveguide path.

The second main function carried out by the unit is to convert, the receiving R.F.

energy, reflected from targets, into intermediate frequency, (I.F.) and to amplifyit. This is provided by the R.F. HEAD block mainly consisting of:

Limiter

Integrated Low Noise Front End composed of:

Image Rejection Filter

L.N.A.

Mixer

L.O.

IF LOG. Amplifier

The echo signal received by the Antenna arrives, through the Limiter and the

Low Noise Amplifier, to

the Mixer where it is mixed with the signal forwarded by the Local Oscillator.The resulting beat is the 50 MHz IF signal which is forwarded to the IF LOG.AMPLIFIER. The Limiter is used to avoid an output level above a scheduledvalue; the Limiter output is a constant value and a higher output would causesa short-circuit. The Low Noise Amplifier and the Image Rejection Filter is usedto amplify suitably the echo signal in order to improve the noise figure of the

receiver. The Local Oscillator is integrated directly into the L.N.F.E. It can betuned up to the Magnetron transmission frequency trough the VCO voltagelevel. The IF LOG. AMPLIFIER dynamics is of the logarithmic type, with nominalcentral frequency of 50 MHz; the amplified signal is then detected and sent outfrom the unit, (VIDEO signal), as described in the following paragraph.



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3.3ELECTRONIC ASSYThe Electronic Assy comprises:

POWER MOS Board, inside a mechanical structure in orderto prevent radiation

RTM CONT or RTM CONT B Board, sideways mechanicalstructure containing the Power MOS Board

NIFB Log Amplifier

3.3.1 POWER MOS Board

Basically the POWER MOS Board performs the following main functions:

High Voltage Power Supply (HVPS) generation

High Voltage Pulses generation for Magnetron

+15V ISO and 120 V generation

3.3.1.1 High Voltage Power Supply (H.V.P.S.) Generator

Circuit

The purpose H.V.P.S. Generator Circuit (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.11) is to

generate the high voltage (700 V) necessary to the Magnetron for thegeneration of the transmission pulse.

The H.V.P.S. starts functioning when the signal, output of the COMPARATOR,is active; the signal is active when:

the signal HVON, from the MICROPROCESSOR of RTMCONT Board or RTM CONT B Board, is available; this signalis used mainly at the switching on when the RTM is not

ready to operate because the Magnetron requires threeminutes to warm-up

the signal HVSTOP, which disables the circuit functioningwhen the a.c. voltage is absent

th HVPS G t Ci it t th t hi h



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Board

HVON from MICROPROCESSOR of RTM CONT or RTMCONT B Board

The 47 Vac is applied to the RECTIFIER through a protecting fuse; theRECTIFIER rectifies the A.C. voltage and provides as output 63 Vdc (VMOD)whose presence is visible when the led DL2 (MAIN VOLTAGE), mounted on theboard, is lit-up.

The VMOD is applied at the primary of the HVPS TRANSFORMER which,

controlled by the MOSFET, generates as output the required high voltage (700V). The MOSFET enabling is controlled by a circuit which, also protects theMOSFET itself.

The circuit is composed of the blocks COMPARATOR, POTENTIOMETER andFLYBACK CONTROLLER. When the COMPARATOR recognises that theoutput voltage is present, it enables the FLYBACK CONTROLLER whichreceives as input the output voltage adjusted by the POTENTIOMETER

according to the pulse length (signals LPA, MPA and SPA).In this , it is possible to control the Magnetron output power.

3.3.1.2 Pulse Circuit Generator

The function of the Pulse Circuit Generator (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.12) is togenerate the necessary high voltage supplying the Magnetron, in accordancewith the previous selections.

The Input Pushing Trigger is TRPUSH and the input Pulling Trigger is TRPULL;both from RTM CONT Board or RTM CONT B Board. To the Pulse CircuitGenerator is applied also the 700 V from the HVPS Generator Circuit.

To one terminal of the primary windings of the PULSE TRANSFORMER isapplied the 700 V whilst the second terminal is connected to the MOSFET

(push and pull).The pulse is generated in accordance with TRPULL and will be pushedaccording with TRPUSH; in fact there is current only when the Transformer isgrounded with the TRPULL. Every time there is 700 V on the primary, there is,as well, -8000 V on the secondary windings of the PULSE TRANSFORMER. In



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3.3.1.3 15V ISO and 120 V Generation

In the POWER MOS Board there is also:

the 18 Vac circuit; this voltage, coming from the TransformerAssy, is applied to the ADAPTER which generates:

. the signal HVSTOP which disables the high voltagegeneration when the 18 Vac is absent

. the +15V ISO used to supply the Pulse Generator

Circuit. the 120 V obtained from the 700 V whose function is to

allow the Performance Monitor functioning

3.3.2 RTM CONT Board

NOTE

In case of presence of RTM CONT B Board, skip thisparagraph.

The RTM CONT Board is located sideways mechanical structure containing the

POWER MOS Board, and his function is to control all RTM operations.The RTM CONT Board is divided in the following main circuits:

Microprocessor 68HC11E9

Low Voltage Power Supply, LVPS

Pulse Length Generator

Performance Monitor

Serial Line Interface

Azimuth and Heading Line Signal Circuit Generator



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3.3.2.2 Microprocessor

3.3.2.2.1 General Description

The heart of RTM CONT Board, and generally of whole RTM, is an advanced 8Bit Micro-controller, with highly sophisticated, on chip, peripheral capabilitiesand performing the functions of:

managing all functions of the RTM unit on the basis ofcommands/data from the Indicator unit

preparing the feed-back signals to be sent out to theIndicator unit

executing all internal processing to ensure the RTM unitcontrol and monitoring

The Microprocessor used in the Board is the 68HC711E9 and the on-chipmemory system includes 8 Kbytes ROM, 512 bytes EEPROM and 256 bytesRAM. Major peripheral functions are provided on-chip.

An eight-channel A/D Converter is included, with eight bits of resolution.

Asynchronous Serial Communications Interface (SCI) and a separatesynchronous Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) are included.

The main 16-bit, free-running Timer system has three input-capture lines, fiveoutput-compare lines and a Real Time Interrupt function. An 8-bit pulseAccumulator sub-system can count external events or measure external

periods. A Watch-Dog system protects against software failures.

The RTM unit management is performed by the Microprocessor which does notrequire any external PROM or RAM elements: its own memory, in fact, hassufficient capacity to store both the Operative Program and Temporary data.The necessary clock pulses are generated by a 10 MHz crystal oscillator.

In Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.14 the Microprocessor general configuration, the mainMicroprocessor sub-systems and how they relate to the pins of the MCU

3.3.2.2.2 Functions Performed

The main functions performed by the Microprocessor, on the basis of


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The output signal AZOUT and HLOUT are used on the Display Unit.

3.3.3 RTM CONT B Board

NOTE

In case of presence of the RTM CONT Board, skip thisparagraph.

The RTM CONT B Board is located sideways mechanical structure containingthe POWER MOS Board, and his function is to control all RTM operations.

The RTM CONT B Board is divided in the following main circuits:

Low Voltage Power Supply, LVPS

Microprocessor and Gate Array

Pulse Length generator

Azimuth and Heading Line Signal Circuit Generator

Performance Monitor

3.3.3.1 Low Voltage Power Supply Circuit (LVPS)

The function of the LVPS is to generate the low DC voltages, (5V, -15V, 15 V),necessary to supply the RTM electronic circuits. As input, the circuit receivesthe 47 Vac voltage from the RTM 25X Power Supply Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.17This voltage is rectified, filtered and stabilised by suitable solid statecomponents in order to get as output:

5 V, -15 V, +15 V, +12 V, +24 V to supply all the otherelectronic circuits

VFIL, (6.3 V or 5.3 V), in accordance with the selectedPulse.

3.3.3.2 Microprocessor and Gate Array



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The Microprocessor used in the board is the 68HC711E9 and the on-chipmemory system includes 8 Kbytes ROM, 512 bytes EEPROM, 256 bytes RAM

and a Gate Array type XCS10XL. Major peripheral functions are provided on-chip.

An eight-channel A/D Converter is included, with eight bits of resolution.

Asynchronous Serial Communications Interface (SCI) and a separatesynchronous Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) are included.

The main 16-bit, free-running Timer system has three input-capture lines, five

output-compare lines and a Real Time Interrupt function. An 8-bit pulseAccumulator sub-system can count external events or measure externalperiods. A Watch-Dog system protects against software failures.

The RTM unit management is performed by the Microprocessor, which does notrequire any external PROM or RAM elements: its own memory, in fact, hassufficient capacity to store both the Operative Program and Temporary data.The necessary clock pulses of 10 MHz are generated by the Gate Array whichdivides the 50 MHz generated by the crystal oscillator. In Chapter 9, Figure9.1.18 the Microprocessor and the Gate Array general configuration, the mainsub-systems and how they relate to the pins of the MCU are displayed.

3.3.3.2.2 Functions Performed

The main functions performed by the Microprocessor with the by Gate Array, on

the basis of commands and selections, Remote (from Display Unit) or Local(Trough the Selectors) are:

to initialise the RTM operations;

to generate the trigger pulse for POWER MOS Board andthe trigger (TR) and pre-trigger, (PRTR) pulse for both theDisplay Unit and the P.M. function

to generate the PRESTC waveform for the NIFB Assy (STC)and the selection commands for band-width of Receiver

to generate:

. the VCO forwarded to Mixer



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Table 3.3.3- Microprocessor Input Signals

SIGNAL FROM MEANING

TEMP On board sensor Temperature value; the value is displayed on the LED

Meter and it is sent, in serial mode, to the Display Unit.AZ Antenna Pedestal Antenna azimuth pulse

HL Antenna Pedestal Antenna ship bow pulse

TUNE Display Unit Tuning value in remote position not serial

VFIL On board circuit Presence of the voltage for the Magnetron

+15V On board circuit Presence of the voltage

MCUR POWER MOS Board Magnetron cathode current pulse sample; the value is

displayed on the LED Meter and it is sent, in serialmode, to the Display Unit.

PWLEV On board circuit Information about the Power Level; the value isdisplayed on the LED BAR and it is sent, in serialmode, to the Display Unit.

VDLEVEL Antenna Pedestal Main bang Video signal level; the value is displayed onLED Meter and it is sent, in serial mode, to the DisplayUnit.

3.3.3.2.4 Gate Array Input Signals

Table 3.3.4 - Gate Array Input Signals and their meaning.

Table 3.3.4 - Gate Array Input Signals

SIGNAL FROM MEANINGINTEXT Connector TB5 External Trigger/Internal Trigger selection

MPLC POWER MOS Board Magnetron transmission current

HVOK POWER MOS Board Transmission enabling from the HighVoltage Power Supply

LINE Power Supply Unit Main power supply voltage frequency

PMON Old type Display Unit Performance Monitor circuit switching-on

SC1, SC2 Old type Display Unit Transmission control signals

EXTTR External Unit External Trigger

SLK Unit interlock High voltage generation disabling

EXTBLK Antenna Pedestal SafetySwitch

Transmission enabling from the SafetySwitch.

P3 P18 On board links Links for the board configuration


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3.3.3.3 Pulse Length Generator Function

The Pulse Length Generator Function (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.18) provides thelength of the pulse generated according with the previous selections.

This function is performed by the Gate Array, which generates the signalsTRPS and TRPL when:

the signal TR, or EXTTR depending on the status of thesignal INTEXT, is present

the signal HVOK is true

the signal EXTBLK is not true

the 50 MHz clock is present

the signal RESET is high

the signal LINE is true

the signal SLK is high

The signals TRPS and TRPL are applied to the DRIVER which generates thesignals TRPUSH and TRPULL for the Pulse Generator circuit of the POWERMOS Board (paragraph 3.3.1.2).

3.3.3.4 Azimuth and Heading Line Signal CircuitGenerator

The antenna unit must constantly forward its Azimuth position and Heading Lineto the Display unit. The function of this circuit (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.20) is toprocess the incoming signal AZIN and HLIN and forward to the micro controllerthe signal AZ and HL for the blanking function.

The output signal AZOUT and HLOUT are used on the Display Unit.

3.3.3.5 Performance Monitor Function

The functions of the Performance Monitor (Chapter 9 Figure 9 1 19) are to


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Th ANTS d t b th RTM CONT B d RTM CONT B B d i


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The ANTS command sent by the RTM CONT Board or RTM CONT B Board isapplied to the TORQUE Board and energises performs the following operations:

it energises the relay K2 (on st-by position K3 is energises);

in this condition the three-phase VAC is sent to the Antennathrough the RESISTOR GROUP which limits the staringcurrent

Few seconds after the relay K2 has been switched on, theTORQUE Board switches off the relay K3 and three-phaseVAC is sent directly to the Antenna

The fuse value in accordance with the supplied power, and the conditions of the3 Relays Group are:

K1 always closed

K2 closed when the command ANTS energises thecontact

K3 closed on st-by; closed for few second the relay K2

has been switched on and always open afterwards

WARNING

THE SAFETY SWITCH STOPS THE ANTENNA ROTATIONBUT NOT THE RADIATION.

3.5Solid state R.F. HeadThe RF Head (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.23) is composed of a solid stateMAGNETRON stage connected to a CIRCULATOR and ends with a flange tobe connected to a waveguide in order to transfer the RF PULSE to the Antennafor it to be radiated.

The apposite end of the CIRCULATOR is fitted with the LIMITER and theL.N.F.E (Low Noise and Front End) composed of: the IMAGE REJECTIONFILTER, the LOW NOISE AMPLIFIER, two BALANCED MIXER and the LOCALOSCILLATOR.

The RF Head is designed to generate RF pulses in the X-Band range up to 25


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25 KW X-BAND/D TRANSCEIVERPREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

CHAPTER 4


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CHAPTER 4PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

4.1IntroductionThis chapter provides the necessary informations to execute the preventivemaintenance operations which must be carried out to ensure the 25 KW X-BAND/D TRANSCEIVER full efficiency.

The maintenance procedures are described in tabular form (Card); each cardlists the operations, which must be performed, their periodicity, the personnelrequired, the materials and the time required for their performance.

4.2Preventive Maintenance ProcedureThe preventive Maintenance procedures are described by means of cards.

Each card, besides indicating the operations to be performed during themaintenance execution, lists the following indications:

PERIODICITY: it is an alphanumeric code to identifying themaintenance action described. The following periodicitysymbols, as appropriate, are used in the order of increasingperiodicity intervals as listed in the following:

. M: Monthly

. S: Semiannual

. A : Annual

. W R: When Required

PERSONNEL: it indicate the number and the typology of thepersonnel able to perform the maintenance operations. On

the assumption that the qualification, knowledge, experienceand skill needed to fulfil the task assigned is proportional tothe ranks, the following abbreviations are used:

. ST: is a qualified person with not less than tenyears of experience on the job


Table 4 2 1 - List of Recommended Tools and Instruments


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Table 4.2.1 List of Recommended Tools and Instruments

PR. DESCRIPTION TYPE NOTE

1 Digital Multimeter CHAUVIN ARNOUX CPA 9651 (3:5) or equivalent

2 30W welders -3 Solder -

4 Desoldering Tool SILVERSTAT

5 Set of Screwdrivers USAG Insulating handle

6 Vacuum Cleaner

7 Oscilloscope Tektronics

REQUIRED TIME: it indicates the total time required toperform the card operations

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS: it indicates the precaution to befollowed in order to ensure a safe Preventive Maintenanceoperation execution

The Table 4.2.2 - List of the Preventive Maintenance Cards and, for each ofthem, indicates the periodicity and the required time.

Table 4.2.2 - List of the Preventive Maintenance Cards

CARD OPERATION PERIODICITYREQUIRED

TIME1 Internal Inspection And General Cleaning S 15'

2 Replacement of the Magnetron WR -5000 h 45'

3 Trigger Delay Adjustment (RTM CONT Board) WR 30'

4 VCO Calibration (RTM CONT Board) WR 30'

5 Performance Monitor calibration (if present with RTMCONT Board)

WR 30'

6 Trigger Delay Adjustment (RTM CONT B Board) WR 30

7 VCO Calibration (RTM CONT B Board) WR 308 Performance Monitor Calibration (if present with RTM

CONT B Board)WR 30


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CARD 3


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NOTE

The operations described in this card are necessary only whenthe RTM is connected to old-fashioned Manifacturer RadarDisplay systems. For the current ones the adjustment can bemade directly on the Display Radar.

UNIT OPERATION PERIODICITY

25 KW X-BAND/DTRANSCEIVER

Trigger Delay Adjustment WR

PERSONNEL REQUIRED INSTRUMENTS REQUIRED TIME

1ST, 1JT Set of Screwdrivers, Set of Allen wrenches, Set of VoiceCommunication.

30 minutes

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Follow the standard safety rules.

STEP SEQUENCE OF OPERATIONS

NOTEThe voice communication device (telephone set or walkie-talkie) must be provided between the RTM operator and the

Display operator.

WARNING

HIGH VOLTAGES ARE PRESENT INSIDE THE UNIT.

DO NOT OPEN THE CABINET COVER BEFORE THE MAIN LINE BREAKERHAS BEEN TURNED TO OFF. ALL WORK PERFORMED ON THE RTM MUST

BE CAREFULLY RECORDED IN THE UNIT LOG BOOK.

BEFORE STARTING ANY MAINTENANCE WORK, IT IS MANDATORY THAT,

FOR THE SAFETY OF PERSONNEL, ALL HIGH-VOLTAGE CAPACITORS BE

SHORT-CIRCUITED BY MEANS OF A WELL INSULATED SCREWDRIVER OR

OTHER SUITABLE TOOL.

BEFORE CONNECTING INSTRUMENTATION USED TO PERFORMING

MEASUREMENTS INSIDE THE UNIT, IT IS ADVISABLE TO SWITCH OFF

THE POWER SUPPLY.DO NOT ALTER THE SETTING OF THE SEMI-OPERATIVE CONTROLS

UNLESS A SPECIFIC ADJUSTMENT IS REQUIRED AND THE NECESSARY

TEST EQUIPMENT IS AVAILABLE.


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CARD 4


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UNIT OPERATION PERIODICITY25 KW X-BAND/DTRANSCEIVER

VCO Calibration WR

PERSONNEL REQUIRED INSTRUMENTS REQUIRED TIME1ST Set of Screwdrivers, Set of Allen wrenches,

Oscilloscope, Multimeter30 minutes

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Follow the standard safety rules


WARNINGHIGH VOLTAGES ARE PRESENT INSIDE THE UNIT. DO NOT OPEN THE

CABINET COVER BEFORE THE MAIN LINE BREAKER HAS BEEN TURNED

TO OFF. ALL WORK PERFORMED ON THE RTM MUST BE CAREFULLY

RECORDED IN THE UNIT LOG BOOK.



SHORT-CIRCUITED BY MEANS OF A WELL INSULATED SCREWDRIVER

OR OTHER SUITABLE TOOL. BEFORE CONNECTING INSTRUMENTATION

USED TO PERFORM MEASUREMENTS INSIDE THE UNIT, IT IS ADVISABLETO SWITCH OFF THE POWER SUPPLY. DO NOT ALTER THE SETTING OF

THE SEMI-OPERATIVE CONTROLS UNLESS A SPECIFIC ADJUSTMENT IS

REQUIRED AND THE NECESSARY TEST EQUIPMENT IS AVAILABLE.

1. By means of the proper screwdriver, unscrew the twelve screws (Chapter 9, Figure

9.1.11 pos. 3) locking the front cover (pos. 4) and remove it.

2. On RTM CONT Board, position S1 (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.6 pos.1) on 1 and S2 (pos.2)

on 2.3. On the RTM, pull SW2 (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.5 pos. 3).

4. On the RTM, position SW1 (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.5 pos. 1) on SERVICE MODE and

wait for 3 minutes.

5. When the RTM is ready, on RTM CONT Board perform the following operations:

position S2 on 5

rotate the potentiometer R41 (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.6 pos. 5) completely CCW

rotate the potentiometer R41 CW and verify that the indication of the LED BAR

(Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.6 pos. 3) starting from the minimum reaches the

maximum and returns to the minimum.6. On RTM CONT Board, rotate R41 in order to reach the maximum indication on the

LED BAR and, by means of the Multimeter, on TB10 (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.6 pos. 9)

measure the value of VCO and take note of its value.

7. On RTM CONT Board, perform the following operations:

1


CARD 5


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Performance Monitor Calibration (if present) WR

PERSONNEL REQUIRED INSTRUMENTS REQUIRED TIME

1ST, 1JT Set of screwdrivers, Set of Allen wrenches, Set ofVoice Communication, Oscilloscope, Multimeter

30 minutes

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS



NOTEThe voice communication device (telephone set ore walkie-talkie) must be provided between the RTM operator and theDisplay operator.

WARNING


DO NOT OPEN THE CABINET COVER BEFORE THE MAIN LINE BREAKERHAS BEEN TURNED TO OFF. ALL WORK PERFORMED ON THE RTM MUST

BE CAREFULLY RECORDED IN THE UNIT LOG BOOK.





USED TO PERFORM MEASUREMENTS INSIDE THE UNIT, IT IS ADVISABLE

TO SWITCH OFF THE POWER SUPPLY. DO NOT ALTER THE SETTING OFTHE SEMI-OPERATIVE CONTROLS UNLESS A SPECIFIC ADJUSTMENT IS

REQUIRED AND THE NECESSARY TEST EQUIPMENT IS AVAILABLE.



2. On the RTM pull SW2 (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.5 pos. 3).

3. On the Display, select Performance Monitor ON and tune the RTM.

4. On the Display check that the Noise Ring is placed at the correct distance, otherwiseadjust the distance by operating on the potentiometer R85 (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.6

pos. 13).

5. On the Display check that the Noise Ring aperture is the correct one, otherwise adjust

the opening by operating on the potentiometer R118 (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.6 pos. 14).

6. On the Display check that the Noise Ring thickness varies by varying the tuning.


CARD 6


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NOTE

The operations described in this card are necessary only whenthe RTM is connected to old-fashioned Manufacturer RadarDisplay systems. For the current ones the adjustment can bemade directly on the Display Radar.



Trigger Delay Adjustment WR

PERSONNEL REQUIRED INSTRUMENTS REQUIREDTIME

1ST, 1JT Set of screwdrivers, Set of Allen wrenches, Set of VoiceCommunication.

30 minutes

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS



NOTEThe voice communication device (telephone set or walkie-talkie) must be provided between the RTM operator and theDisplay operator.

WARNINGHIGH VOLTAGES ARE PRESENT INSIDE THE UNIT.

DO NOT OPEN THE CABINET COVER BEFORE THE MAIN LINE BREAKER

HAS BEEN TURNED TO OFF. ALL WORK PERFORMED ON THE RTM

MUST BE CAREFULLY RECORDED IN THE UNIT LOG BOOK.





USED TO PERFORM MEASUREMENTS INSIDE THE UNIT, IT IS

ADVISABLE TO SWITCH OFF THE POWER SUPPLY. DO NOT ALTER THE

SETTING OF THE SEMI-OPERATIVE CONTROLS UNLESS A SPECIFIC

ADJUSTMENT IS REQUIRED AND THE NECESSARY TEST EQUIPMENT IS

AVAILABLE.


CARD 6 (CONTINUED)


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5. If the distances are not the same, operate on the RTM as follow:

on the Display switch off the RTM Unit;

unscrew the twelve screws (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.1 pos. 3) locking front cover

(pos. 4) and remove it;

on the RTM pull SW2 (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.5 pos. 3);

on the Display switch on the RTM Unit;

on the RTM CONT B Board perform the P17 jumper (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.7

pos. 7);

on the RTM CONT B Board position S1 (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.7 pos. 1) on 6;

by means of the push-buttons plus (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.7 pos. 8) and minus

(pos. 9) of the RTM CONT B Board, adjust the trigger until the distancedisplayed on the Display and the distance measured are equal;

on the Display switch off the RTM Unit;

on the RTM CONT B Board, position S1 and S2 (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.7

pos.2) on 0;

on the RTM CONT B Board remove the P17 jumper;

reinstall the front cover and tighten the twelve screws as necessary.


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CARD 7 (CONTINUED)


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( )

5. When the RTM is ready, on RTM CONT B Board perform the following operations:

position S2 on 5; rotate the potentiometer R63 (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.7 pos. 6) completely

CCW;

rotate the potentiometer R63 CW and verify that the indication of the LED BAR

(Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.7 pos. 3) starting from the minimum reaches the

maximum and returns to the minimum;

rotate R63 in order to reach the maximum indication on the LED BAR and, by

means of the Multimeter, on TB12 (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.7 pos. 10) measure

the value of VCO and take note of its value;

rotate R63 to obtain the minimum level is read on the Multimeter; perform the P17 jumper (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.7 pos. 7);

by means of the push-buttons plus (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.7 pos. 8) and minus

(pos. 9), adjust the output voltage to VCO 2 V;

rotate R63 until the maximum voltage is read on the Multimeter;

by operating on R48 (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.7 pos. 11), adjust the output

voltage to VCO (measured at step 5) +2 V;

rotate R63 in order to reach the maximum indication on the LED BAR;

remove the P17 jumper.

6. Perform the following operations:

on RTM position the switch SW1 on position NORMAL

on RTM CONT B Board, position S1 and S2 on 0



CARD 8


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NOTE

The operations described in this card are necessary only whenthe RTM is connected to old-fashioned Manufacturer RadarDisplay systems. For the current ones the adjustment can bemade directly on the Display Radar.

UNIT OPERATION PERIODICITY25 KW X-BAND/DTRANSCEIVER

Performance Monitor Calibration (if present) WR

PERSONNEL REQUIRED INSTRUMENTS REQUIRED TIME1ST 1JT Set of screwdrivers, Set of Allen wrenches, Set of

Voice Communication, Oscilloscope, Multimeter30 minutes

SAFETY PRECAUTIONSFollow the standard safety rules


NOTE

The voice communication device (telephone set ore walkie-talkie) must be provided between the RTM operator and theDisplay operator.

WARNING


DO NOT OPEN THE CABINET COVER BEFORE THE MAIN LINE BREAKER

HAS BEEN TURNED TO OFF. ALL WORK PERFORMED ON THE RTM MUST

BE CAREFULLY RECORDED IN THE UNIT LOG BOOK.BEFORE STARTING ANY MAINTENANCE WORK, IT IS MANDATORY THAT,



OR OTHER SUITABLE TOOL.

BEFORE CONNECTING INSTRUMENTATION USED TO PERFORM

MEASUREMENTS INSIDE THE UNIT, IT IS ADVISABLE TO SWITCH OFF

THE POWER SUPPLY.

DO NOT ALTER THE SETTING OF THE SEMI-OPERATIVE CONTROLS

UNLESS A SPECIFIC ADJUSTMENT IS REQUIRED AND THE NECESSARYTEST EQUIPMENT IS AVAILABLE.




CARD 8 (CONTINUED)

5 On the Displa check that the Noise Ring is placed at the correct distance other ise


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5. On the Display check that the Noise Ring is placed at the correct distance, otherwise

adjust the distance by performing the following operations on the RTM CONT B Board:

perform the P17 jumper (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.7 pos. 7);

position S2 (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.7 pos. 2) on 2;

by means on the push-buttons plus (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.7 pos. 8) and minus

(pos. 9) position the ring to the proper distance;

remove the P17 jumper.

6. On the Display check that the Noise Ring aperture is the correct one, otherwise adjust

the opening by performing the following operations on the RTM CONT B Board:

perform the P17 jumper;

position S1 (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.7 pos. 1) on 3;

by means on the push-buttons plus and minus, set the correct aperture; remove the P17 jumper.

7. On the Display check that when the RTM is tuned, the Noise Ring thickness is

between 1.5 and 2 NM, otherwise adjust the thickness by performing the following

operations on the RTM CONT B Board:

perform the P17 jumper;

position S1 on 4;

by means on the push-buttons plus and minus, set the correct thickness;

remove the P17 jumper.8. Perform the following operations:

on RTM position the switch SW1 on NORMAL;

on RTM CONT B Board, position S1 and S2 on 0


25 KW X-BAND/D TRANSCEIVERTROUBLESHOOTING

CHAPTER 5TROUBLESHOOTING


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TROUBLESHOOTING

5.1Introduction

5.1.1 General

This chapter provides the procedures to be followed in order to locate the faultycomponent when a trouble is met in the 25 KW X-BAND/D TRANSCEIVER unit.

5.1.2 Organization

The troubleshooting procedures are described by means of flow charts. Whenthe faulty component is located, please refer to Chapter 6 for its replacement.

5.1.3 Personnel

The personnel involved in the troubleshooting procedures must be skilledtechnicians and must have a good knowledge of the equipment.

5.1.4 Tools and Instruments

For the execution of the troubleshooting procedures, besides usual tools(screwdrivers, pliers, etc.), the following instruments are required:

Table 5.1.1 - List of Recommended Instruments

POS. DESCRIPTION TYPE NOTE

1 Digital Multimeter CHAUVIN ARNOUX CPA 9651 (3:5) or equivalent2 Oscilloscope Tektronix or equivalent

25 KW X-BAND/D TRANSCEIVERTROUBLESHOOTING

5.2.2 Troubleshooting Operations

Table 5 2 1 List of Main Possible Failures which can be met during the


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Table 5.2.1 - List of Main Possible Failures, which can be met during theequipment functioning. If another type of failure is met, call the Manifacturer

Service.

Table 5.2.1 - List of Main Possible Failures

PR. FAULT REMEDY

1 With RTM switched on, on the Display no signal is received Chart 5.1

2 The RADAR Antenna does not rotate Chart 5.2

3 The Display does not receive the Video Signal Chart 5.34 The Display does not receive the signal AZ Chart 5.4

5 The Display does not receive the signals HL Chart 5.5


CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE

CHAPTER 6CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE


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6.1General

6.1.1 Introduction

This chapter provides the procedure, which must be followed in order to replacea faulty component of the 25 KW X-BAND/D TRANSCEIVER Unit according to

the troubleshooting procedures of Chapter 5.

6.1.2 Safety Precautions

If not otherwise specified in the procedures, during the corrective maintenanceoperations, the following safety rules must be observed:

each maintenance operation must be carried out only afterthe equipment has been switched-OFF

WARNING

SET TO OFF THE MAIN BREAKER OF THE EQUIPMENTAND HANG TO IT A PLACARD READING "WORK INPROGRESS DO NOT SWITCH ON".

before removing any component, be sure the spare part isavailable

verify the integrity of the spare part and, if possible, performa functional test

6.1.3 PersonnelThe replacement operations must be carried out by skilled personnel with agood knowledge of the equipment.



6 2 Corrective Maintenance Procedures


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6.2Corrective Maintenance Procedures

This paragraph provides a detailed description of the operations to be carriedout in order to replace a damaged component. Table 6.2.1 - List of theCorrective Maintenance Procedures.

Table 6.2.1 - List of the Corrective Maintenance Procedures

PARAGRAPH COMPONENT TO BE REPLACED

6.2.1 Replacement of the Transformer Assy Fuses6.2.2 Replacement of the Filter Assy

6.2.3 Removal/Installation of the Supply Assy

6.2.4 Replacement of the Torque Reducer

6.2.5 Replacement of the Transformer Assy

6.2.6 Replacement of the POWER MOS Assy Fuse

6.2.7 Replacement of the RTM CONT Fuse

6.2.8 Replacement of the NIFB Assy

6.2.9 Removal/Installation of the Electronics Assy6.2.10 Replacement of the RTM CONT Board

6.2.11 Replacement of the RTM CONT B Board

6.2.12 Replacement of the POWER MOS Assy

6.2.13 Replacement of the LNFE Assy

6.2.14 Replacement of the Magnetron

6.2.1 Replacement of the Transformer AssyFuses

a) Required Tools

Set of screwdrivers

b) Removal

By means of the proper screwdriver, unscrew the twelvescrews (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.1 pos. 3) locking the frontcover (pos 4) and remove it



6.2.2 Replacement of the Filter Assy

a) Required Tools


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a) Required Tools

Set of screwdrivers

Set of socket wrenches

Soldering iron

b) Removal

By means of the proper screwdriver, unscrew the twelve

screws (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.1 pos. 3) locking the frontcover (pos. 4) and remove it

By means of the proper screwdriver , unscrew the twoscrews (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.4 pos. 9) fixing the filter box(Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.2 pos. 4)

By means of the proper socket wrench, unscrew thefourteen nuts (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.2 pos. 5) fixing the filterbox to the RTM cabinet, and remove the filter box

By means of the proper screwdriver, disconnect the supplycable cabling, tacking note of its disposition

By means of the proper open wrench, loose the stuffing tube(Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.2 pos. 2) and remove the supplycable

By means of the soldering iron, disconnect the filter cabling,tacking note of its disposition

c) Installation

In order to install the new filter, perform the removaloperations in reverse order

6.2.3 Removal/Installation of the Supply Assy



By means of the proper open wrench, loose and remove thethree frontal nuts (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.5 pos. 5)


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By means of the proper open wrench, loose and remove thenut (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.5 pos. 6) fixing the ground cable

By means of the proper screwdriver, loose and remove thenine screws (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.2 pos. 6) fixing theSupply Assy to the RTM cabinet

Remove the Supply Assy, tacking care not to damage thecabling

c) Installation

In order to install the Supply Assy, perform the removaloperations in reverse order

6.2.4 Replacement of the Torque Reducer

a) Required Tools

Set of screwdrivers

b) Removal

Remove the Supply Assy performing the operation of

paragraph 6.2.3

By means of the proper screwdriver, loose and remove thefour screws (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.5 pos. 7) fixing theTorque Reducer to the Supply Assy

Remove the Torque Reducer

c) Installation

In order to install the new Torque Reducer, perform theremoval operations in reverse order



Remove the Torque Reducer performing the operation ofparagraph 6.2.4

B f th h th f t


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By means of the proper open wrench, unscrew the four nuts(Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.5 pos. 8) fastening the TransformerAssy to the Supply Assy frame

By means of the proper screwdriver and open wrench,unscrew the four lateral screws ( Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.5pos. 9) fastening the Transformer Assy to the Supply Assyframe

Remove the Transformer Assy

c) Installation

In order to install the new Transformer Assy, perform theremoval operations in reverse order without installing thecover

On the Transformer Assy, install the fuse and connect TB2

as for the previous transformer

Check that the Antenna rotates in the correct direction

6.2.6 Replacement of the POWER MOS Assy Fuse

a) Required Tools

Set of screwdrivers

b) Removal

By means of the proper screwdriver, unscrew the twelvescrews (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.1 pos. 3) locking the front

cover (pos. 4) and remove it By means of the hands, unscrew the fuse-holder cap

(Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.28 pos. 1)

Remove the fuse from the fuse-holder


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6.2.9 Removal/installation of the ElectronicsAssy


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a) Required Tools

Set of screwdrivers

Soldering iron

b) Removal

By means of the proper screwdriver, unscrew the twelve

screws (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.1 pos. 3) locking the frontcover (pos. 4) and remove it

Disconnect the LNFE Assy cable from the Electronics Assy,tacking note of its disposition

Remove the Electronics Assy mechanical frame cabling,tacking note of its disposition

Remove the Magnetron cable from its clamp (Chapter 9,Figure 9.1.26 pos. 9)

By means of the proper screwdriver, from outside unscrewthe twelve screws (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.27 pos. 1)fastening the Electronics Assy mechanical frame (Chapter 9,Figure 9.1.26 pos. 2) to the RTM cabinet

Carefully extract the assy, paying attention to the cabling

By means of the soldering iron, disconnect the Magnetroncable from the POWER MOS Board tacking note of itsdisposition

c) Installation

In order to install the new Electronics Assy, perform theremoval operations in reverse order

6 2 10Replacement of the RTM CONT Board



b) Removal

Remove the Electronics Assy from the RTM performing theoperation of paragraph 6 2 9


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operation of paragraph 6.2.9

Remove the RTM CONT Board cabling, tacking note of itsdisposition

By means of the proper socket wrench, unscrew the eightnuts (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.28 pos. 3) fastening the RTMCONT Board to the Electronics Assy mechanical frame

Remove the RTM CONT Board

c) Installation

In order to install the new RTM CONT Board, perform theremoval operations in reverse order

Carry out the following operations:

. Adjust the Trigger Delay following the procedures of

Card 3 of Chapter 4

. Calibrate the VCO following the procedures of Card 4of Chapter 4

. Calibrate the Performance Monitor circuit (if present)following the procedures of Card 5 of Chapter 4, Duringthe calibration do not take into account the stepsrelevant to the Noise Ring distance

6.2.11Replacement of the RTM CONT B Board

NOTE

In case of presence of the RTM CONT Board, skip thisparagraph.

a) Required Tools



Remove the RTM CONT B Board

) I ll i


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c) Installation

In order to install the new RTM CONT B Board, perform theremoval operations in reverse order

Carry out the following operations:

. Adjust the Trigger Delay following the procedures ofCard 6 of Chapter 4

. Calibrate the VCO following the procedures of Card 7

of Chapter 4

. Calibrate the Performance Monitor circuit (if present)following the procedures of Card 8 of Chapter 4. Duringthe calibration do not take into account the stepsrelevant to the Noise Ring distance

6.2.12Replacement of the POWER MOS Assy

a) Required Tools

Set of screwdrivers

Set of socket wrenches

b Removal

Remove the Electronics Assy from the RTM performing theoperation of paragraph 6.2.9

remove the RTM CONT Board (or paragraph 6.2.11 removethe RTM CONT B Board), from the Electronics Assyperforming the operation of paragraph 6.2.10

Remove the POWER MOS Assy (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.26pos. 2)

)



6.2.13Replacement of the LNFE Assy

a) Required Tools


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Set of screwdrivers

Soldering iron

b) Removal

By means of the proper screwdriver, unscrew the twelvescrews (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.1 pos. 3) locking the frontcover (pos. 4) and remove it

By means of the soldering iron, disconnect the LNFE Assycabling tacking note of its disposition

By means of the proper screwdriver, unscrew the fourscrews (Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.29 pos. 1) fixing the LNFEAssy (pos. 2) to the Tr Limiter (pos. 3)

Remove the LNFE Assy from its Tr Limiter

c) Installation

In order to install the new LNFE Assy, perform the removaloperations in reverse order

Calibrate the VCO following the procedures of Cards 4 or 7

of Chapter 4

6.2.14Replacement of the Magnetron

To replace the Magnetron, perform the procedure of Card 2 of Chapter 4.

25 KW X-BAND/D TRANSCEIVERPARTS LIST

CHAPTER 7PARTS LIST


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7.1IntroductionThis chapter provides the list of the 25 KW X-BAND/D TRANSCEIVER Unitreplaceable parts.

7.1.1 Parts ListThe parts list are divided into major assemblies. All parts attached to theassemblies are listed in Part List Tables. The Parts List Tables consist of fourcolumns as follows:

Column 1: FIG./POS. (Figure/Position): the column reportsthe replaceable parts position in the reference figure

Column 2: DESCRIPTION: the column includes thedescriptive identification data of the replaceable part

Column 3: DRAWING SPECIFICATION NUMBER ORTYPE: the column reports the drawing specification numberor the type of the replaceable part assigned by the supplier

Column 4: REQUIRED QUANTITY (N): the columnindicates, for each replaceable part, how many of them are

assembled on the equipment

7.1.2 Part Location Illustration

Chapter 9, Figure 9.1.2, Figure 9.1.4, Figure 9.1.5 and Figure 9.1.28 provide thelocation of the components. The position numbers of items shown in the figure

are referenced in the related Parts List Tables.


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25 KW X-BAND/D TRANSCEIVERPARTS LIST

7.2.2 Part List Table with RTM CONT B Board


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Table 7.2.2 - List of Items with RTM CONT B Board

FIG./POS. DESCRIPTIONDRAWING

SPECIFICATIONNUMBER OR TYPE

REQUIREDQUANTITY

(N)

Ref. 25 KW X-BAND/D TRANSCEIVER WithPerformance Monitor

303050A8 1

Supply Assy composed of: 303273A8 1

Fig. 9.1.4 pos.8 - Transformer Assy 303044A3 1

Fig. 9.1.5 pos. 10 - Torque Reducer Assy 303045A1 1Fig. 9.1.5 pos. 4 Transformer Assy Fuse (F1):

- 2A 500V for 115V, 220V and 250V

- 1 A 500V for 380V and 440V

54F029P014

54F029P011

1

1

Fig. 9.1.5 pos. 11 Transformer Assy Fuse (F2):

- 4A 500V 54F029P020 1

Fig. 9.1.4 pos. 5 Electronics Assy composed of: 303043A2 1

Fig. 9.1.4 pos. 5 - POWER MOS Assy 303272A1 1

Fig. 9.1.4 pos. 6 - RTM CONT B Board 972981A1 1

Fig. 9.1.4 pos. 7 - NIFB Assy 303186A1 1

Fig. 9.1.28 pos. 1 POWER MOS Fuse 3.15A 250V 54F010P020 1

Fig. 9.1.4 pos. 4 LNFE Assy 302311A1 1

Fig. 9.1.4 pos. 3 X Band Magnetron 303879A1 1

Fig. 9.1.4 pos. 2 Noise Generator 302238A2 1

Fig. 9.1.2 pos. 4 Filter Assy 303046A1 1


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25 KW X-BAND/D TRANSCEIVERINSTALLATION

CHAPTER 8INSTALLATION


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25 kW X-Band Transceiver Downmast

Table of contents

CHAPTER 8INSTALLATION............................................................................................8.4

8.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................8.58.1.1 Shipping ........................................................................................................ 8.58.1.2 Unpacking ..................................................................................................... 8.58.1.3 Storage.......................................................................................................... 8.68.1.4 Handling........................................................................................................ 8.68.2 Specifications ................................................................................................8.68.2.1 Dimensions and weights (also see outline drawings)................................... 8.68.2.2 Power............................................................................................................ 8.68.2.3 Environmental Data....................................................................................... 8.68.3 Installation..................................................................................................... 8.78.3.1 Installation Principles ....................................................................................8.7

8.3.2 Mechanical installation.................................................................................. 8.78.3.3 Electrical installation...................................................................................... 8.78.3.3.1 Multicore Cable .............................................................................................8.78.3.3.2 Grounding ..................................................................................................... 8.88.3.3.3 Installation Check-out.................................................................................... 8.98.3.4 Pre Setup Procedures................................................................................... 8.98.4 Installation Figures and Drawings............................................................... 8.108.5 Annex.......................................................................................................... 8.15


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25 KW X-BAND/D TRANSCEIVERINSTALLATION

8.1IntroductionThis chapter of the Technical manual can be used as a self-containedI t l

25 kw x-band transceiver downmast

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