P.61-62

Making a Histogram on TI-83

2-4 Other Types of Graphs

To represent data using Pareto charts, time series graphs, and pie graphs.

Objective

A Pareto chart is used to represent a frequency distribution for a categorical variable and the frequencies are displayed by the heights of vertical bars, which are arranged in order from highest to lowest.

Pareto Chart

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FLPAOKMEIN

Pareto Chart

Make bars same width Arrange data from largest to smallest

according to frequency Make the units that are used for frequency

equal in size

Suggestions for Drawing Pareto Charts

A time series graph represents data that occur over a specific period of time.

Procedure◦ Draw and label the x and y axes◦ Label the x axis for the independent variable◦ Label the y axis for the dependent variable◦ Plot each point according the table ◦ Draw line segments connecting adjacent points

(don’t use a curve).

Time Series Graph

Year Number1999 156.22000 160.12001 162.32002 172.82003 179.4

Time Series Graph Example: Number of Vehicles (in millions) that used the PA Turnpike for 1999 - 2003

Two lines are used to compare two sets of data on the same graph

Compound Time Series Graph

Purpose: To show the relationship of the parts to the whole.

Defn: A pie graph is a circle that is divided into sections or wedges according to the percentage of frequencies in each category of the distribution.

Pie Graph

Step 1: Convert the frequency for each class into a proportional part of the circle. Use

All degrees should sum to 360. Step 2: Convert each frequency to a percentage.

Use Step 3: Use a protractor and a compass to draw the

graph using the appropriate degree measures found in step 1 and label each section with the appropriate name and percentage found in step 2.

Procedure for creating a pie graph

360frequencyDegreessumoffrequencies

100enciessumoffrequ

frequencyPercentage

Changing units at the starting point on the y axis (see p. 70)

Exaggerating a one-dimensional increase by showing it in two dimensions (see p. 72)

Omitting labels or units on the axes

Misleading Graphs

Objective: To draw and interpret a stem and leaf plot.

Defn: A stem and leaf plot is a data plot that uses part of the data value as the stem and part of the data value as the leaf to form groups or classes.

Stem and Leaf Plots

Arrange the data in order Separate the data according to the first digit Use leading digit as stem and trailing

digit(s) as the leaf

Procedure for Creating a Stem and Leaf Plot

52 58 51 50 7358 77 66 53 5773 56 55 67 73

Stem and Leaf Plot Example

Step 1: 50, 51, 52, 53, 55, 56, 57, 58, 58, 66, 67,73, 73, 73

Step 2: 50, 51, 52, 53, 55, 56, 57, 58, 58, 66, 67, 73, 73, 73

Step 3: Leading Digit Trailing Digit5 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 86 6, 77 3, 3, 3

Compares related sets of data – digits that are used for the leaves are arranged in order out from the stems on both sides

Example

Back to Back Stem and Leaf Plot

Atlanta Philadelphia 9 8 6 2 5 8 6 4 4 2 2 2 2 2 1 3 0 0 0 0 2 2 3 4 6 6 6 8 8 9 9 7 4 4 4 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 5 3 2 2 0 0 5 0 3 4 8 3 0 6 1 0 7

pp. 77-79 #1, 7, 11, 13, 14, 15, 17

Bonus Projects: 1. p. 84 (TI-83 Plus) 2. p. 84 Excel (Pie Chart)3. P. 84 Excel (Pareto Chart)4. P. 85 Excel (Time Series Plot)

Assignment:

#1

Type of Offense

#7

8.58.7

9.0 9.39.6

9.910.2 10.4

#11

Asset Distribution of American 1%

#13 Job Change When Economy Improves

Job Change When Economy Improves

Perc

ent

Type of change

#15Age @ Inauguration for U.S. Presidents

4|5 = 45

#17

Growth of Plants

5|1|3 = 15 and 13