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What’s Happening During Hubble Servicing Mission 4?

Ken SembachSTScI Hubble Project Scientist

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Hubble Has Improved Over Time

• Servicing missions have improved Hubble’s vision…

• Hubble sees farther and with greater clarity than any ground-based optical telescope

• Hubble will be even more powerful after SM4.

WFPC1 WFPC2

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Hubble Servicing Mission 4

• Two new science instruments• Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) and the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS)

• Replacement of batteries (needed for power during orbital night)• Replacement of gyros (used to determine HST pointing)• Replacement of one of the three Fine Guidance Sensors (FGS)• Repair of the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS)• Repair of the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS)• Replacement of thermal blankets (used to maintain temperature)

• Scheduled for October 8, 2008 on Space Shuttle Atlantis (STS-125)

Key Elements

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New Hubble Science Instruments

• Wide Field Camera 3 (Panchromatic Imaging)• Two channels cover near-ultraviolet to near-infrared

wavelengths

• Wide field imaging from 200 to 1700 nm

• Greater sensitivity, wider field of view

• Replaces WFPC2 during SM4

• Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (Ultraviolet Spectroscopy)• Far-ultraviolet channel (110 nm - 180 nm)

• Improves HST sensitivity by at least 10x

• Near-ultraviolet channel (180 nm - 320 nm)

• Replaces COSTAR during SM4

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• End-to-end measurements demonstrate the dramatic near-ultraviolet and near-infrared advantages of WFC3 over other instruments

WFC3: The Next Step in HST Imagers

May 2008

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WFC3 Configuration

B-Latch

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WFC3 Science Themes

What are dark energy and dark matter?

How and when did galaxies first assemble?

How universal are the processes of star formation in galaxies?

How do stars evolve, and what is their distribution of masses?

How does star-formation and planetary disk formation depend on environmental conditions?

What is the composition of planets, comets, and minor planets in our Solar System (and beyond)?

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WFC3 Panchromatic Imaging of Star-Forming Regions

• Ultraviolet observations reveal young stars that are flooding their surroundings with intense ultraviolet light.

• Infrared observations penetrate deeper into regions heavily obscured by dust.

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COS Benchand

Optical Layout

Main Electronics Box Remote InterfaceUnit

FUV DetectorElectronics Box

Aperture Mechanism

Optics Select Mechanism–1

Optics Select Mechanism–2

FUV Detector1150-1775A

Cal Platform

NUV Detector1750-3200A

FUV MCP Detector

NUV MAMA Detector

Calibration Platform

OSM-1

OSM-2

NUV Collimator

NUV CameraMirrors (3)

ApertureMechanism

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COS Science Themes

What is the large-scale structure of matter in the Universe?

How did galaxies form out of the intergalactic medium?

What types of galactic halos and outflowing winds do star-forming galaxies produce?

How were the chemical elements for life created in massive stars and supernovae?

How do stars and planetary systems form from dust grains in molecular clouds?

What is the composition of planetary atmospheres and comets in our Solar System (and beyond)?

COS Spectroscopy of the Cosmic Web

COS will greatly increase the number of quasar sight lines explored by Hubble.

Cosmic web absorption features

In just a few days, COS can sample as much of the Universe as all existing STIS observations of quasars have probed!

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COS Will Explore Galactic OutflowsCOS Will Explore Galactic Outflows

Galaxies power strong winds that blow dust, gas, and heavy elements into the Galaxies power strong winds that blow dust, gas, and heavy elements into the intergalactic medium.intergalactic medium.

Credit: X-ray: NASA / CXC / JHU / D.Strickland;Optical: NASA / ESA / STScI / AURA / The Hubble Heritage Team; IR: NASA / JPL-Caltech / Univ. of AZ /C. Engelbracht

M82

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EVA Timeline

STS-125 CrewMegan McArthur (Mission Specialist)Michael Good (Mission Specialist)Gregory Johnson (Pilot)Scott Altman (Commander)John Grunsfeld (Mission Specialist)Michael Massimino (Mission Specialist)Andrew Feustel (Mission Specialist)

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Radial Bay Instrument Replacement

The new Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3)

will replace the existing Wide Field

Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2).

WFPC1 removal during SM1

(December 1993)

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Axial Bay Instrument Replacement

Faint Object Camera removal during SM3B(Bay 3, -V2: Currently contains ACS)

COSTAR installation during SM1(Bay 4, -V2)

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Battery Replacement• 2 NiH2 Battery Modules

• 3 batteries per module• 22 cells per battery• Batteries now on Hubble are originals

Original BMA installed in HST Bay 2(second BMA is in Bay 3)

BMA (SN 1033)(with lid removed)

Battery Isolation Switch

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New Outer Blanket Layers (NOBLs)• Multi-layer insulation (MLI) protects HubbleMulti-layer insulation (MLI) protects Hubble

• Thermal control of critical Equipment Bays Thermal control of critical Equipment Bays • Degrading from environmental exposureDegrading from environmental exposure

• NOBLsNOBLs• Stainless steel panels with MLIStainless steel panels with MLI• NOBLs already installed on Bays 1, 6, 9, and 10 NOBLs already installed on Bays 1, 6, 9, and 10 • NOBLs 8, 5, and 7 (#8 currently on EVA day 4)NOBLs 8, 5, and 7 (#8 currently on EVA day 4)

+V3 Light Shield and SM2 installed patches+V3 Light Shield and SM2 installed patches

Bay 6, before and after Bay 6, before and after NOBL installationNOBL installation

SM1 SM2 SM3B

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NOBLs for Equipment Bays 5, 7, and 8

Bay 5

Bay 7 Bay 8

Bay5Bay5TransmittersTransmitters

Solid State RecordersSolid State Recorders

Bay 7Bay 7Various electronicsVarious electronics

Bay 8Bay 8Safing electonicsSafing electonics

Science tape recorderScience tape recorderRetrieval mode gyrosRetrieval mode gyros

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STIS Instrument Repair• Remove EVA handle• Install fastener capture plate• 107 fasteners!• Remove Main Electronics Box (MEB) cover• Extract faulty card• Insert replacement card• Install MEB replacement cover

MEB-1Cover

EVA Handle

LVPS-2

MEB1 with cover removed MEB1 with cover removed

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STIS Repair Tools and Replacement Cover• Fastener Capture Plate (FCP) captures bolts/washers• Card-lok Manipulation Tool (CMT) releases card• Card Extraction/Insertion Tool (CEIT)• Card Transport Enclosure (CTE) • MEB Replacement Cover

• No bolts necessary!

CMT

CEITCTE

Replacement Cover

FCP

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ACS Instrument Repair• CCD Electronics Box (CEB) access

• Cut EMI screen• 32 fasteners• Remove cover• Extract 4 cards

MEB1 /LVPS2Inside Possible ESM

Interference For Panel Removal

WFC CEB Inside

ESM

ACS Mockup

HRC CEB Inside

Power Connector

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ACS FCP and Screen Cutter

Fastener Capture Plate (FCP)Fastener Capture Plate (FCP)

EMI Screen CutterEMI Screen Cutter

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ACS Instrument Repair• Install CEB-R and LVPS-R New

WFCCEB-R

HRCCEB

(unaltered)

New LVPS-R

Power Output Element (POE)

Power Input Element (PIE)

ACS inputpower socket

Connection to HST power

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It takes thousands of people across this country It takes thousands of people across this country to make a Hubble Servicing Mission successful! to make a Hubble Servicing Mission successful!