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IS 2379 : 1990(Reaffirmed 20(0)

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ChemicalEngineeringPlants and Related Equipment Sectional Committee, HMD 17

FOREWORDThis Indian Standard (First Revision) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards on 27 March1990, after the draft finalized by the Chemical Engineering Plants and Related Equipment SectionalCommittee had been approved by the Heavy Mechanical Engineering Division Council.Lack of uniformity of colour coding of pipelines in industrial installations has often been responsiblefor des~ruction of property and injury to personnel due to faulty manipulations of values,particularly when outside agencies. like fire-fighting squads, are called in. Uniformity of colourmarking promotes greater safety, lessens the chances of error and reduces hazards involved in thehandling of material inside the pipelines.Identification of the particular contents of the pipelines is achieved by imposing suitable colourbands on the ground colour. Lettering, as a mode of identification, is also recommended forchemical industry as this will reduce the possibility of mistakes in identification. Lettering mayinclude the contents by name, chemical formula, or by unmistakable and commonly understoodabbreviations.This standard was first published in 1963. The present revision is based on the prevailing practicesin the industry. In this revision use of legends have been recommended for various types ofhazards. Hydrocarbon, Naptha and some more chemicals and allied products have been includedin the standard. The title of the standard is also revised to bring it in line with the latestguidelines.In the formulation of this standard assistance has been derived from the following publications:

BS 1710 : 1984 Specification for identification of pipelines and services. BritishStandards InstitutionASA A 13.1-1981 Scheme for the identification of piping systems. American NationalStandards Institute.

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IS 2379: 1990Indian Standard

PIPELINES - IDENTIFICATION - COLOURCODE( First Revision)

1 SCOPEThis Indian standard covers the colourschemefor the identification of the contents ofpipelinescarrying Ouids in domestic and publicbuildings and such industrial installations wherea specificcolour code does not ~st.1.1 For the purpose of this standard, pipingsystemsshall include pipes of any kind and inaddition fittings, valves, and pipe coverings.Supports, brackets or other accessories arespecifically excluded from application of thisstandard.1.2 ,This standard is not applicable to pipelinesburied undersround or used for electricalservices.2 IW'ERENCE$2ac1jtTh~J()Jliii&"'Jndian, stanciarosare necessarynctatQ .~rd.,'" .IS No. Tille

S: 1978 Colours for ready mixed paintsand enamels ( third revision)Aluminium paint for generalpurposes, in dual container2339: 1963

3 TERMINOLOGY3.0 For the purpose ofthisstandard, the followingdefinitionsshall apply.3.1 HuardRisk involvedto life, health or property due tothe poisonous nature of combustibility or othercauses of danaerous substances.3.21AC~.. .Painting, labelling. stencilling or otherwiseindicating the contents of a pipeline.3.3 He .'..do,.fPipeliDes,A schemeconJispng of a colour code or letteringor a combinatipnof both 1 intended for theidentification of the contents Of the pipelines.3.4CPipa ... ..,.....Any 8uid-carryiq D1edia in the form of pipes, orconduits, with their coveriqa; this excludes mediaused for the pneumatic coiIveyance of solids.4CPAINTS4C.lAppropriate quality of paints conforming torelevait Indian Standards, shall be used forcolour marking.

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4.2 It is recommended that the paints usedshould produce a glossy finish.S COLOURS5.1 In order to identify the contents of thepipelines, a large Dumber of colour shades arerequired. Recommendation regarding shades ofcolours that may be used are given in IS 5: 1978.6 IDENTIFICATIONThe systemof colour coding consists of a groundcolour and colour bands superimposedon it.6.1 GroundColoursThe ground colour i4entifies the basic nature ofthe fluid carried (~ee Fig. I) and also dis-tinguishes one Ouid from another, for examplewater from oil. The.various ground colours areindicated in Table I.~6.1.1 Ground colour shaH be applied throughoutthe entire length for uninsulated pipes, forinsulated pipes, on the metal cladding or on thepipes of material such as non-ferrous metals,austenitic stainless steel, plastic, etc, groundcolour coating of minimum 2 m length or ofadequate length, not to be mistaken as colourband, shaH be applied.6.2 Colour BandsColour bands are superimposed on the groundcolour ( see Fig. 2) to distinguish:

a) One kind or condition of a fluid fromanother kind or condition of the samefluid, orb) One fluid from another but belonging tothe same group, for example carbonmonoxide from coke oven gas or dieselfuel from furnace fuel.7 APPLICATION

7.1 GroundColourColours as given in Table I shall be applied inone of the followingways:

a) Throughout the entire length (see Fig. IA);b) As a colour coating of adequate length,- (but in no case less than 300 mm) sothat it is not mistaken for a colour band( see Fig. 1B);c) As a colour panel;d) On a label attached to the pipe; ore) Bythe use of coloured adhesive tapes ofsuitable material.

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IS 2379 : 1990-, i.'.".'.''. .'..c*J..' . '. ,',; .',, . ,1A Ground Colour-Applied to Full Section

J[Jc*J18 Ground Colour-Applied to a Portion Only

FIG. 1 GROUND COLOURTable 1 Ground Colours( Clauses 6. I and 7.1 )

--.-Substance Colour

Water S~a greenSteam Aluminium to IS 2339Mineral, vegetable and animal oils, combustibleliquidsAcids

Light brownDark violet

-Air Sky blueCanary ycllowases

AlkaliesCiiher liquids/gases which do not need identification

.Hydrocarbons/ organic compounds

Smoke greyBlackDark admirality grey

~c*J Dmin. COLOUR BAND25mm min.GPOUND COLOUR EXTENDEDON BOTH SIDES OF THECOLOUR BAND TO AVOIDCONFUSION

FIG. 2 COLOUR BAND SUPERIMPOSED ON GROUND COLOUR2

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7.2 Wherever the ground colour is not appliedthroughout the entire length. it shall be appliednear valves, junctions, joints, service appliances,bulkheads, walls, etc ( see Fig. 3).7.2.1 When colour bands are superimposed onthe ground colour, the ground colour shallextend sufficiently on both sides of the colourbands to avoid confusion (see Fig. 2 and 3 ).7.3 Colour BanelsThey shall be superimposed on ground colour atthe following location:

a) At battery limit points;b) Intersection points and change of directionpoints in piping ways;c) Other points such as midway of eachpiping way, near valves, junction joints ofservice appliances, walls, on either side of

pipe culverts;d) For long stretch yard piping at 50 minterval; ande) At start and terminating points.

7.3.1 Colour bands shall be arranged in thesequence shown in'Tables 2 to 5, and the sequencefollows the direction of flow (see Fig. 3). Forexample, Fig. 3' shows the colour code for a pipecarrying freon where the light grey and darkviolet colour bands have-sequence numbers Iand 2.7.3.2 The relative proportional widths of the firstcolour band to the subsequent bands shall be4 : I (see Fig. 3).7.3.3 As a rule minimum width of colour bandshall confirm to the following Table:

Nominal Pipe Size Width L (mm)80 NB and below 25Over 100 NB up to ISONB 50Over 200 NBup to 300 NB 75Over 350 NB 100

0

IS 2379 : 1990For insulated pipes, nominal pipe size means theoutside diameter of insulation.7.4 Valves shall be painted with the same colouras the main pipelines except when the pipeline hasbeen provided with the safety colour, the valvesshall be painted red, for fire fighting; yellow,with black diagonal stripes, for warning ofdanger; and french blue in conjunction with thegreen basic colour, to denote pipes carrying freshwater, either potable or non-potable.7.5 The colour coding as prescribed ill thisstandard and as applicable to pipelines forgeneral services, pipelines conveying industrialgases hydrocarbons and naphta and pipelinesconveying medical gases are given in Tables 2, 3,4 and 5 respectively.7.6 All uninsulated pipes having temperaturesabove 100GC( Heat resistant Aluminium painted)neeu not be identified with colour bands. Asspecial case if required colour bands may beapplied using Teflon Tape.8 HAZARDS8.1 When it is desired to indicate that a pipelinecarries a hazardous material, a panel of colour ofsuitable width (minimum 100 mm) as givenbelow shall be superimposed on the groundcolour at suitable intervals:

a) Slightly Radioactive Hazards - A basecolour of jasmine yellow with black dotssuitably superimposed (see Fig. 4A );b) Highly Radioactive Hazards - A base

colour of light orange with cross diagonalstripes of black colour, suitably superim-posed ( see Fig. 4B); andc) Other Hazards - Equal diagonal stripes ofblack and golden yellow colours (seeFig. 4C). Different legends for varioustypes of hazards other than radioactivitylike that for flammable or explosivematerials, chemically active or toxicmaterials, etc, may be indicated by lettering.

FIRST COLOUR BANDSECOND COLOUR BAND

NOTE - Arrow indicate the direction of flowFIG. 3 COLOUR BANDS ON GROUND COLOUR-FLUID CARRIED, FREON

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FIRST COLOUR BAND

IS 2379: 19907.2 Wherever the ground colour is not applied For insulated pipes, nominal pipe size means thethroughout the entire length. it shall be applied outside diameter of insulation.near valves, junctions, joints, service appliances,bulkheads, walls, etc ( see Fig, 3 ).7.2.1 When colour bands are superimposed onthe ground colour. the ground colour shallextend sufficiently on both sides of the colourbands to avoid confusion ( see Fig. 2 and 3 ).7.3 Colour BandsThey shall be superimposed on ground colour atthe following location:

a) At battery limit points;b) Intersection points and change of directionpoints in piping ways;c) Other points such as midway of eachpiping way, near valves, junction joints ofservice appliances, walls, on either side ofpipe culverts;d) For long stretch yard piping at 50 minterval; and

e) At start and terminating points.7.3.1 Col~ur bands shall be arraflged in thesequence show!1in'Tables 2 to 5, and the sequencefollows tlie direction of flow (see Fig. 3). Forexample, Fig. 3 shows the colour code for a pipecarrying !freon where the light grey and darkviolet colour bands have sequence numbers Iand 2.7.3.2 The relative proportional widths of the firstcolour band to the subsequent bands shall be4 : ] (see Fig. 3).7.3.3 As a rule minimum width of colour bandshall confirm to the following Table:

Nominal Pipe Size Width L (mm)80 NB and below 25Over 100 NB up to 150 NB 50Over 200 NB up to 300 NB 75Over 350 NB 100

PROPORTIONALWIDTHS L,:1t. ,1

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7.4 Valves shall be painted with the same colouras the main pipelines except when the pipeline hasbeen provided with the safety colour, the valvesshall be painted red, for fire fighting; yellow,with black diagonal stripes, for warning ofdanger; and french blue in conjunction with thegreen basic colour. to denote pipes carrying freshwater, either potable or non-potable.7.5 The colour coding as prescribed in thisstandard and as applicable to pipelines forgeneral services, pipelines conveying industrialgases hydrocarbons and naphta and pipelinesconveying medical gases are given in Tables 2, 3,4 and 5 respectively.7.6 All uninsulated pipes having temperaturesabove 100C ( Heat resistant Aluminium painted)need not be identified with colour bands. Asspecial case if required colour bands may beapplied using Teflon Tape.S HAZARDS8.1 When it is desired to indicate that a pipelinecarries a hazardous material, a panel of colour ofsuitable width (minimum 100 mm) as givenbelow shall be superimposed on the groundcolour at suitable intervals:

a) Slightly Radioactive Hazards - A basecolour of jasmine yellow with black dotssuitably superimposed (see Fig. 4A );b) Highly Radioactive Hazards - A basecolour of light orange with cross diagonalstripes of black colour, suitably superim-posed (see Fig. 4B); and

c) Other Hazards - Equal diagonal stripes ofblack and golden yellow colours (seeFig. 4C). Different legends for varioustypes of hazards other than radioactivitylike that for flammable or explosivematerials, chemically active or toxicmaterials, etc, may be indicated by lettering.

SECOND COLOUR BAND

FIG. 3NOTE- Arrow indicate the direction of flow

COLOUR BANDS ON GROUND COLOUR-FLUID CARRIED, FREON

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IS 2379 : 1990Table 2 Colour Code for General Senices

( Clauses 7.5 and 9.1 )

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First Colour Band SecondColour Band

WATER:Cooling Sea green French blue -Boilerfeedwater Sea green Gulf red -Condensate Seagreen Light brown -Drinking Sea green French blue Signal redTreated Sea green Light orange -Fire water Fire red Crimsonred -Centralheatingbelow6O.C Sea green Canaryyellow -Central heating 60C to lOO.C Sea I:reen Dark violet -Central heating above Ipo.C Sea green Dark violet Signal redCold water down service from Sea green French blue Canary yellowstorage tanksDomestic, hot Sea green Light grey -Hydraulicpower Seagreen Black -Sea. river, untreated Sea green White -Filtered water Sea green Light brown -Soft water Sea green Light brown Signal redWarm water Sea green Light grey Canary yellowChilled water Sea green Black Canary yellowSprinkle and hydrant water Sea green White Signal redWaste water Sea green Canary yellow Signal redAIR:Compressed, up to and including Sky blue - -15kg/em'Compressedto over15k8lcm' Skyblue Signalred -Plant air Skyblue Silvergrey -Instrument air Sky blue Frenchblue -Dry vacuum White - -Wet vacuum White Dark violet -Veryhigh pressuresteam Aluminiumto Signalred -IS2339Highpressuresteam Aluminiumto French blue -IS 2339Mediumpressuresteam Aluminiumto Gulf red -IS2339Lowpressuresteam Aluminiumto Canaryyellow -IS2339Drainage Black - -Towngas Canaryyellow - -OILS:Light dieselfuel Light brown Brilliantgreen -Highspeeddieselfuel Light brown - -Paraffinoil I.ight brown Signalred -Quenchingoil Light brown Canaryyellow -Furnace fuel Light brown French blue -Lubricatingoil Light brown Light grey -Hydraulicpower Light brown Dark violet -Transformer oil Light brown Light orange I -I '

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IS 2379: 1990Table 3 Colour Code for Industrial Gases

(Clauses 7.5 and 9.1 )

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Contents Ground Colour First Colour Band Second Colour Band-Ammonia Canaryyellow Dark violet -Chlorine Canary yellow Dark violet Light orangeHydrocyanic acid Canary yellow Dark violet Post officeredPhenole Canary yellow Dark violet Smoke greySulphur dioxide Canary yelow Dark violet Golden brownAcetylene Canary yellow Service brown -Flare gases Canaryyellow - -HydrogeDsulphide Canaryyellow Gulf red -Argon Canary yelJow French blue -Benzole Canary yellow Dark violet French blueBlast furnace gas Canary yellow Signal red Light greyButane Canary yellow Signal red -Coal gas Canary yellow Signal red Brilliant greenCarbon dioxide (temperate) Canary yellow Light grey -Carbon monoxide Canary yellow Signal red WhiteCoke oven gas Canary yellow Signal red Dark violetEthylchloride ( inflammable) Canary yellow Light grey Signal redEthylchloride ( non-inflammable) Canary yellow Light grey WhiteEthylene Canary yellow Dark violet Signal redEtbylene oxide Canary yellow Dark violet Brilliant greenFreon ( chlorofluoro derivative of Canary yellow Light grey Dark violetmethane and etbane )Helium Canary yellow Light brown -Hydrogen Canary yellow Signal red French blueMethane Canary yellow Signal red Light brownMctbylbromide Canary yellow French blue BlackMethylchloride ( inflammable) Canary yellow Brilliant green Signal redMctbylchloride ( non-inflammable) Canary yeUow Brilliant green French blueNeon Canary yellow Light brown BlackNitrogen Canary yellow Black -Oxygen Canaryyellow White -Propane Canary yellow Signal red BlackPhosgene Canary yellow Black White

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IS 2379 : 1990Table 4 Colour Code for Hydrocarbons and Naptha

( Clauses 7.5 and 9.\ )

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Propylene F.P. (Liquid) Dark Admirality grey Brilliant green -PrOPYlene ( C.G.) ( Liquid) Dark Admirality grey Brilliant gre:n Smoke greyEthylene glycol Dark Admirality gry Brilliant green Gulf redEthylene Di-chloride Dark Admirality grey Gulf red -Benzene Dark Admirality grey Canary yellow - IButadine Dark Admirality grey Black -Acetone Dark Admirality grey Black Canary yellowMethanol Dark Admirality grey Deep buff --Naptha Dark Admirality grey Light brown BlackACIDSPhosphoric acid Dark violet Silver grey -Hydrofluoricacid Dark violet Signalred . French blueSulphuric acid Dark violet Brilliant green Light orangeNitric acid Dark violet French blue Light orangeHydrochloric acid Dark violet Signal red Light orangeAcetic acid Dark violet Silver grey -CHEMICAL & ALLIEDPRODUCTSBrine Black White -caustic solution Smoke grey Light orange -Classified Black Canaryyellow -Spinbath concentrative sulphuric Dark violet Brilliant green Canary yellowacidDissolving - Light orange WhiteCausted Dark violet Light orange -Evaporated spinbath Black Canary yellow Brilliant greenFloculent solution Black Brilliant green -Lime Smoke grey White Canary yellowMercury Black White Brilliant greenRum-off caustic Smoke grey White -'ReCOveredcaustic Smoke grey Signal red WhiteCarbon disulphide Black Light orange -Strong'caustic Smokegrey French blue WhiteSteepingcaustic Smokegrey Goldenyellow -Sodium sulfide Black Brilliant green Canary yellowSoap solution Black Light orange WhiteSpinbath supply Black White Canary yellowSpinbath return Black Golden yellow -Sodiumcarbonate solution Dark violet 1asmineyellow -Waste caustic Dark violet White Canary yellowWaste spinbath Black 1asmine yellow -Viscose Black I Golden yellow Brilliant green

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IS 2379 : 1990Table 5 Colour Code for Medical Gases

( Clauses 7.5 and 9. I ). Gas First Colour Band

I Second Colour BandIi BlackGround Colour Band

Air WhiteSky blueCyclopropaneCarbon dioxide

Light orangeLight grey

Canary yellowCanary yel10w

Ethylene Dark yellowLight brown

Signal redanary yellowHclium Canary yel10w

Canary yellow WhiteOxygenOxygen and carbon dioxidemixture White Light greyanary yel10wOxygen and helium mixtureNitrous oxide

White Light brownSignal red

Canary yellowCanary yellow French blue

NitrogenVacuum

BlackBlack

Canary yellowSky blue

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IS 237' : 1990, ADDITIONAL IDENTIFICATION

9.2.t For central heating systems or other closedcircuits where it is necessary to indicate sepa-rately, the flow and retu en pipes, this shall bedone by the use of the word 'FLOW' or theletter 'F' on the one pipt' and the word 'RETURN'or the letter 'R' on the other.

attached to the pipe, the direction of flow maybe indicated by the pointed end of the label orWhen further identification is required to badge.supplement the colour code, this may be done .by the particular industry for its own use. Sizes of arrow shall be as given in Fig. 6.9.1 LetteringLettering is recommended for Chemical Industry( see Fig. 3 and 5 ), for the products not coveredin Tables 2 to S. For steam, temperature andpressure shall be indicated after colour indication,by lettering. The recommended size of letteringfor pipes of different diameters is given below:

Outside Diameter of Size of LegendPipe or Coveringmm mm

9.2 Direction of FlowWhere it is required to indicate the direction offlow, arrows or letters may be painted nearvalves, junctions, walls, etc, and at suitableintervals along the pipe, in a manner best suitedto local conditions (see Fig. 3). These shall beblack or white in colour and in. contrast to thecolour on which they are superimposed. If alabel or badge with a codified indication is

HAZARD MARKING

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10 VISIBILITY OF MARKINGS10.1 Attention shall be given to the visibility ofcolour markings and the letterings. Where thepipelines are located above the normal line ofvision of the operator, the lettering shall beplaced below the horizontal line of the pipes, asshown in Fig. 7.to.2 Preferably colouring shall be all around thepipe wherever possible, if not, the extent ofcolouring along the circumference is to be decidedby purchase Engineer in charge depending upondirection of visibility at site.10.3 The electrical illumination of plant in thenight should be such that the shades of coloursare not affected to ensure proper visibility in thenight. Wherever legends and colour bands areindicated, their location should be such that theyare easily visible from tlvorfground level duringday time and extra illumination should beprovided over them for night time or wherevervisibility is poor.

WALLHAZARD MARKING

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.. 50 .. 80 30" 80 .. 150 40,,150 ,,250 63

Over 250 90

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FIG. 7 POSITIONING OF MARKINGS FOR VISIBILITY

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IS 2379 : 1990

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Bureau of Indian StandardsBIS is a statutory institution established under the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986 to promotehannonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goodsand attending to connected matters in the country,CopyrightBIS has the copyright of all its publications. No part of these publications may be reproduced in any formwithout the prior permission in writing of BIS. This does not preclude the free use, in the course ofimplementing the standard, of necessary details, such as symbols and sizes, type or grade designations.Enquiries relating to copyright be addressed to the Director (Publications), BIS.Review of Indian StandardsAmendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards are alsoreviewed periodically; a standard along with amendments is reaftinned when such review indicates thatno changes are needed; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Usersof Indian Standards should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition byreferring to the latest issue of 'BIS Handbook' and 'Standards: Monthly Additions'.This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc: No. HMD 17 (5222)

Amendments Issued Since PublicationAmend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDSHeadquarters:Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi 110 002Telephones: 32301 31,3233375,3239402 Telegrams: Manaksanstha(Common to all offices)Regional Offices: TelephoneCentral : Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar MargNEW DELHI 1] 0 002 {

323 76 173233841

Eastern : 1/14 C. LT. Scheme VII M, V. I. P. Road, KankurgachiCALCUTTA 700 054 {3378499,33785613378626,3379120

Northern: SCO 335-336, Sector 34-A, CHANDIGARH 160 022{60 38 4360 20 25

Southern: C. L T. Campus, IV Cross Road, CHENNAJ 600 113{23502 16,2350442235 15 ]9,2352315

{ 832 92 95, 832 78 588327891,8327892Branches: AHMADABAD. BANGALORE. BHOPAL. BHUBANESHW AR. COIMBA TORE.FARIDABAD. GHAZIABAD. GUWAHATI. HYDERABAD. JAIPUR. KANPUR.LUCKNOW. NAGPUR. PATNA. PUNE. RAJKOT. THIRUV ANANTHAPURAM

Western: Manakalaya, E9 MIDC, Marol, Andheri (East)MUMBAI 400 093

Printed at ; Prabhat Offset Press, New Delhi-2