237 06 12 12 the critical path to i pv6 v5

Cisco Confidential 1 © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

The Critical Path To IPv6

Eric Ku, [email protected]

CSA, APAC SP CTO Office

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential Presentation_ID 2

• IPv6 Status / Drivers

• Transition Strategies

• Wireline Operators IPv6

• Mobile Operators IPv6

• Q&A


North America

2.9 Billion by 2016 CAGR 14.1%

Western Europe


Central/Eastern Europe


Latin America


Middle East & Africa


Asia Pacific


Source: Cisco Visual Networking Index (VNI) Global IP Traffic Forecast, 2011–2016


Mobility: Top Driver for Cloud

Device Growth Blended Work

Life Play

• 19 Billion connected devices by 2016 and growing

• 2 networked devices per capita: 2015

• Connecting not just people…but Machines (2B by 2015)

• Half U.S. information workers work outside office

• 35% workers use smart phones

• Mobile Web overtakes desktop usage: 2015

• 89% mobile Internet usage occurs indoors

• 18X more mobile data: 2012–2016

• Wi-Fi access traffic surpasses wired by 2015

• 24% growth in business IP traffic

Traffic Growth

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential Presentation_ID 5 © 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 5

In Asia Pacific, there will be over 3 billion IPv6-capable fix and mobile devices in 2016, up from 428 million in 2011.

In Asia Pacific, 37% of all fixed and mobile networked devices will be IPv6-capable in 2016, up from 10% in 2011.

Source: Cisco Visual Networking Index (VNI) Global IP Traffic Forecast, 2010–2015


APNIC RIPE ARIN AFRINIC LACNIC

IANA


“Major Internet service providers (ISPs), home networking equipment manufacturers, and web companies around the world came together to permanently enable IPv6 for their products and services.”

http://www.worldipv6launch.org/

• 3000+ Website • 50+ Network

Operators (ISPs)

• 4 Home Router Vendors


“…if we don’t overcome the challenges of IPv4 we will slow down the growth of the

Internet and loose momentum as an industry (…) IPv6 is important to all of us, to everyone around the world, It is crucial to our ability to

tie together everyone and every device.“

"At Cisco we are commited architecturally to IPv6 across the board: All of our devices, all of our

applications and all of our services" .


False

Makes every IPv4 based

device & network incompatible

No new IPv4 addresses for

current services

LTE Smart

Grid, M2M

New Packet Format

Business Disruption

New Opportunities

Smart Communities

Video Surveillance


What is the current stage of your IPv6 Deployment or Migration? a) Currently Native v6 b) Migrating to v6 c) Planning for v6 d) Not Doing anything yet

© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential Presentation_ID 11 Cisco Confidential © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 11

Architecture evolution managing through a challenging transition


Considering options of IPv4 exhaust Economics in play

Basic truth about IPv6 technology

Over the long term the cost per Gbit/s of an IPv6 system is lower than that of an IPv4 system with NAT.

The economics of supplying profitable high bit rate services to IP broadband users are key

IPv6 technology provides a sustainable economical base

IPv6 will eventually be about services.

To start with it will be about economics that IPv4 can’t achieve anymore.

Price per Megabyte

Global Traffic Volume


Connect to the IPv6 Community

IPv4 IPv6 Translation Services

Connect IPv4 to IPv4 via IPv6

IPv4 IPv4 IPv6

Dual Stack

IPv4

IPv6

Both IPv4 and IPv6 stacks on each device

IPv4 over IPv6 IPv6 over IPv4 Tunneling Services

Connect Islands of IPv6 or IPv4 through tunneling


The Bridge to the Future

Preserve – IPv4 investments and assets

IPv4

IPv6

Prepare – to deliver interoperable IPv6 services

Prosper – from accelerated growth and innovation

Today Future

Carrier Grade NAT, tunnels +tricks

Dual Stack + tricks

IPv6 Only (IPv6 innovation, IPv4 for legacy)


SP Services & Content

Third-Party Services & Content

National Data Center

Regional Data

Center

Edge

Inter Data-Center IP Core Inter Data-Center

Access

National Data Center

Regional Data

Center


IPv6 Architecture evolution For Wireline Operator


IPv6 Deployment Strategy

IPv6 Internet

IPv4 Internet

IPv4 Access Network

IPv4 core

Subscriber Network

PE

CPE

Translator: NAT444

P NAT44

NAT44

IPv6 Access Network

ISP dual stack Core

Subscriber Network

PE

CPE

Translator: NAT64

PE NAT64

ISP Dual stack Core

IPv4 Access Network

Subscriber Network

PE

CPE

Automatic Tunnel: 6RD or L2TP

6rd RG

6rd BR P

6R

D o

r L2T

P

Subscriber Network

IPv6 Access Network

ISP dual stackCore

IPv4

ove

r IPv6

Automatic Tunnel: DS-Lite or 4rd

PE

PE

CPE

Dual stack Access/Core

Subscriber Network

PE

CPE

Dual Stack: IPv6 Native (Dual Stack)


You Have Run Out of IPv4. Choices?...

Buy a Company to take their IP Addresses

Additional addresses are too expensive, now

what?...

IPv4 Subnet Trading

→ A contractual right to announce addresses are yours (for now)

→ But viability requires widespread adoption of Routing Security

http://wwwin-tools.cisco.com/iconlib/faces/faces/IconDetail.jsp?iconiD=1023&view=grid






NAT 444 Re-Enables Subscriber Growth

Large Scale NAT →Public IP Exhaust

AFT NAT 444 absorption into SP’s L3

Edge →Cost/Ops Optimize







IPv6 Is Already Running over Access

IPv6 Over the Top (OTT) Application Providers

Tunnel Brokers

AFT will speed up OTT

Bypasses binding limits

Even if you have IPv4 addresses, there is risk in delaying IPv6 Equipment, behavior, & practices

leave you behind

+ others

http://www.ipv6now.com.au/

http://www.sixxs.net/main/

http://www.iij.ad.jp/en/index.html

http://www.tunnelbroker.net/

http://tbroker.mybsd.org.my/

http://www.broker.ipv6.ac.uk/


Establishing an IPv6 Infrastructure

Stand-alone IPv6 islands are of limited value

IPv6 Peering

Direct IPv6 peering

Eventually, equivalent requirements as for IPv4

aggregation

MPLS/VPN

Business connectivity

Must support IPv4 services

Tunnel IPv6 packets thru the IPv4 cloud


Tunneling Dual Stack PPP

SPs would love to have their embedded access infrastructure support IPv6

Tunnels can originate from RG or CPE.

When on CPE, no coordination with RG or Access Provider required!

However legacy DSLAMs often cannot pass IPv6

These DSLAMs can pass PPP or IPv4, so it is possible to tunnel IPv6. This means

massive investment reused


Connecting IPv6 Devices to the Internet

v6

v6 PC (native/dual stack) → P2P addressability

→ NAT mitigated → Someday reduces application keep-alives

Stateful AFT 6→4 → Access v4 content

from v6 only CPE → Incentives for content

providers to go v6

6rd → Reuse legacy

DSLAMs & aggregation

6rd


Which method is use to extend the usage of current IPv4 pool of address? a) Carrier Grade NAT 44/444 b) 6rd c) Dual Stack d) DS-Lite


IPV6 Architecture evolution For Mobile Operator


Scalable NAT44 for data services (scalable throughput & session count)

Dual Stack Handsets - Dual Stack Transport Network - Roaming friendly

VoIPv6: IPv6 application introduction: Voice - VoIPv6/IMS - VoIPv6-TDM Interconnect

Global VoIPv6 - VoIPv6 Interconnect

Global VoIPv6 - VoIPv4 Interworking - VoIPv4/IMS - NAT64 for VoIP (SBC)

Preserve IPv4

IPv4/IPv6

Coexistence Infrastructure

Services & Applications

running over IPv6

PS Focus

CS Focus

IPv6-Only Handsets - Real IPv4x solver - NAT64 for v4-Internet access - Plan for 3G and LTE

Mobile v4x/v6 Transition Strategy 3-Tier Evolution Outline from IPv4 to IPv6


IPv6 Integration in 3G/LTE Networks Design Considerations

Charging Gateway

Data

SGSN Ga

(GTP’) Ga (GTP’)

Gn Gn/Gp (GTP)

Internet

DMZ

Core Network

Billing System

Ga (GTP’) IXC

Roaming partners

GRX

RNC

NodeB Femto HNB

RAN

RADIUS

DNS

DPI

GGSN

Policy

NAT

WAP

Signaling

Content providers

IMS Core

DHCP

QS

3G MS

2G MS

Element Design consideration (If IPv6 is used for internet & internal Apps) Impact

eNodeB Radio layer. Can use IPv4 backhaul No

RNC Iu-CS/Iu-PS can use IPv4 backhaul No

SGSN Initiate mobile APN query & authentication Yes

HLR/HSS IPv6 capable Yes

GGSN IPv6 PDP, standards IPv6 features, prefix allocation Yes

Billing Mediation and processing of IPv6 CDR Yes

DPI, Quote Server Pre-paid implementation, IPv6 parsing & CDR capability Yes

WAP, Data Accelerator IPv6 packet compressions, cache capability Yes

Firewalls IPv6 rules capability, performance Yes

DNS IPv6 DNS capability Yes


NAT44

Preserve Public IPv4 via NAT44 Central Large Scale NAT44

Limited IPv4 life extension

SP operates non overlapping private address space

UE obtains a IPv4 address from the private SP address space

CGN/CGv6 performs NAT44 with high scalability

Many UEs are serviced by fewer Public IP-Address on LSN Dynamically reuses available pool of Public IP-address/port bindings

PGW eNB

IPv4 IPv4

private IPv4 private IPv4

IPv4 Public

public IPv4

CGN/ CGv6

SGW

Large Scale NAT44

• O(10G) throughput • O(20M) bindings

• Some subscriber awareness

NAT

Private IPv4 Address assigned to UE

Public IPv4 Address/ port assigned by CGN

IPv4 user plane with 3GPP defined tunneling:

- GTP - PMIP/GRE

- IPsec

v4 Core Network: - native IPv4

v4 user plane: - Native IPv4 forwarding

to/from CGN

Evolution of current NAT solutions • ~70% of all mobile operators

leverage NAT44 • Current deployments implement

NAT44 on Enterprise-Class Firewalls:

- scale & throughput challenges

NAT44


NAT44

Enable IPv6 Transport: Dual Stack Network Enable IPv6 within the Service Provider Network

Enable Dual-Stack IPv4/IPv6 Transport Network

Access Network: 3GPP standards already support dual-stack (GTP/PMIP/IPsec tunneling)

Routing Protocols handle IPv4 / IPv6

Core needs to support IPv6 transport (in parallel with IPv4): Options

Native IPv6 (in parallel to IPv4 forwarding)

IPv6-over-IPv4: Manually Configured Tunnels (IPinIP/GRE); Gateway-Initiated 6rd

IPv6-over-MPLSv4: 6PE, (6vPE)

PGW eNB

IPv6

private/dummy IPv4 public IPv4

CGN/ CGv6

SGW

NAT private /dummy IPv4

IPv6

IPv4 Public

IPv4

IPv4

IPv4/IPv6 Coexistence: Transport Network

v4/v6 Core Network: - native IPv4 and native IPv6

- alternative: v6 tunneling options, e.g. 6PE, Softwires, GI-6rd, ..


- GTP - PMIP/GRE

- IPsec

v4/v6 Access Network: - native IPv4 and/or

- native IPv6 - v6 tunneling options, e.g.

6PE, ... apply as well

DS HS


Considerations on NAT Where to Place the NAT Function?

PGW eNB

IPv4

private IPv4

IPv4 Public

public IPv4

SGW

NAT44

PGW eNB

IPv4 IPv4

private IPv4 private IPv4

IPv4 Public

public IPv4

CGN/ CGv6

SGW

NAT

NAT44

NAT

Option 1: NAT on Gateway (Distributed)

Option 2: NAT on Router (Centralized)

Key Benefits: • Subscriber aware NAT

- per subscriber control - per subscriber accounting

• Large Scale (further enhanced by distribution)

• Highly available (incl. geo-redundancy)

Key Benefits: • Integrated NAT for multiple

administrative domains (operational separation)

• Large Scale • Overlapping private IPv4 domains (e.g. w/ VPNs)


IPv4

IPv6

NAT44

Enable IPv6 Services: Dual-Stack Handset IPv4/IPv6 services available to user

PGW eNB

IPv6

private/dummy IPv4 public IPv4

CGN/ CGv6

SGW

NAT private /dummy IPv4

IPv6

IPv4 Public

IPv6

IPv4

IPv6

IPv4/IPv6 Coexistence: Handset

IPv6 support on handset added (establishes v4/v6 bearer)

Both IP Stacks available to the user, enable Dual-Stack IPv4/IPv6 Transport Network

3GPP standards already support dual-stack access network (GTP/PMIP/IPsec tunneling)

User Plane traffic transport over core network:

IPv4 User Plane: Gateway Initiated DS-Lite – tunneling between PGW and CGN

IPv6 User Plane: Native IPv6 forwarding (v6 transport supplied as native or tunneled service)

v4 user plane: Tunneling to CGN using

GI-DS-lite

v6 user plane: Native IPv6 forwarding over

IPv6 transport service (supplied natively or tunneled)

IPv4/v6 user plane with 3GPP defined tunneling: - v4v6 dual stack bearer (or two bearers: v4, v6) - GTP; PMIP/GRE; IPsec

Access Network: - native IPv4 and/or


6PE, ... apply as well


NAT64

Simplify Handset: IPv6-only handset NAT64 to allow access to legacy IPv4 services

Handset: IPv6 only as default service

Simplify Operations, Optimize Resource Usage

IPv4 only kept as backup – in case IPv6 service not avalable (e.g. Roaming scenarios)

Stateful NAT64 as natural evolution from NAT44

PGW eNB

IPv6

public IPv4

CGN/ CGv6

SGW

NAT

IPv6

IPv4 Public

IPv6 IPv4

IPv4

IPv6

Large Scale NAT64 • O(10G) throughput • O(20M) bindings

Medium Scale NAT64 • O(1G) throughput • O(1M) bindings

• DNS64: synthesizes

AAAA records from A records • Translation Logging • Limited set of ALGs

• Connection initiation from v6 side; stateful operation

Access Network: - native IPv4 and/or


6PE apply as well

Core Network: - native IPv6

- v6 tunneling options, e.g. 6PE, Softwires, GI-6rd

apply as well


- GTP - PMIP/GRE

- IPsec

v6 HS


Future: IPv6 only

All services delivered via v6

IPv4 discontinued on Handset and Transport Network

PGW eNB

IPv6

SGW

IPv6

IPv6

IPv6

IPv6


With Dual Stack network implementation, will it solve the shortage of IPv4? a) Yes b) No


• Focused tech support • Network optimization

services • High availability services • Test and Validation

services

• IPv6 FOA Integration • HW & SW upgrade • IPv6 Test & Validation • Migration – IPv4 to IPv6 • Knowledge transfer

• IPv6 Lab POC Test & Validation • E2E Solution and Scale Validation • IPv6 Migration Planning

• Low Level Design • IPv6 Lab POC Test Plan

• High Level Design • Project Plan

• Discovery Workshop • Network IPv6 Readiness Assessment • OSS/BSS/NMS Assessment • IPv6 Readiness / Gap Assessment • IPv6 Services Strategy recommendation

Implementation

Cisco IPv6 Services Lifecycle

Design

Prepare

Plan

Validate

Operate &Optimize


Cisco Powering World’s Largest SP IPv6 Deployments

Half Million IPv6 subscribers Largest 6rd deployment in

world Native IPv6

Native IPv6 for FTTH

subscribers

IPv6 for LTE Subscribers 6rd & Native IPv6

Tier 1 Operator


Cisco Powering World’s Largest SP IPv6 Deployments France

“ Free is committed to providing the latest innovations for its

customers. We have chosen the Cisco ASR 1000 router for their

support of an integrated high-performance IPv6 Rapid Deployment or

6rd technology, which allows us to supply IPv6

to our users in a remarkably simple and cost-efficient manner.”

Maxime Lombardini

CEO, Free (Illiad Group) Sept. 2010

6rd Use-Case : From/to Internet

One of the world’s largest IP video networks uses CGv6 solution

IP-STB Freebox

ADSL

Freebox DSLAM

IP-STB Freebox ADSL

Freebox

DSLAM

IP-STB Freebox FTTH

FTTH Access

IPv4 / IPv6 Access/Agg Network

Native IPv6

IPv6 Encapsulated in 6rd

6rd Gateway

IPv4 / IPv6 Core

Network

Edge

Edge

IPv4 Only Access/A

gg Network

IPv6 Interne

t

IPv4 Internet Core

PE


Key Takeaway – No one size fits all Multiple technology adoption scenarios

time

IPv6 only endpoints

technically viable

New end-systems deployment (handset/RG)

Large Scale NAT

(LSN) introduction

IPv4 address pool

exhausted

6rd introduction

IPv6 Internet

(IPv6 only transport

viable from a market

perspective)

Dual-Stack

deployment

NAT64

NAT46

IPv6 enabled

endpoints

IPv4 enabled

endpoints

Preserve IPv4, Prepare and Prosper with IPv6


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Q and A

Alternatively, you can type your question and submit it at the Q&A box for us to raise your question live now.

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Cisco @ Mobile Asia Expo Asia 2012 at Shanghai 20-22 June 2012, Booth N1, A80


http://www.linkedin.com/groups/Cisco-Knowledge-Network-4450204?trk=myg_ugrp_ovr








Thank you.


0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Nu

mb

er

of

Devic

es (

B)

372M

3.57B

57.2% CAGR 2011–2016

Source: Cisco VNI Global Forecast, 2011–2016


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

IPv6-Capable Fixed Devices IPv6-Capable Mobile Devices

4.03B

Nu

mb

er

of

Devic

es (

B)

49% CAGR 2011–2016

372M

3.57B

662M

Source: Cisco VNI Global Forecast, 2011–2016

237 06 12 12 the critical path to i pv6 v5

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