235-u prompt fission neutron spectra - nuclear energy … · 235-u prompt fission neutron spectra...

V. M. Maslov , WONDER2009, Cadarache,29/09-02/10, 2009

1

235-U PROMPT FISSION NEUTRON SPECTRA

V.M. Maslov Joint Institute for Nuclear and Energy Research,

220109, Minsk-Sosny, Belarus


2

Collaboration

235U(n,F) prompt fission neutron spectra’COLLABORATION

V.M. Maslov1) , V.P.Pronyaev2), N.A. Tetereva1),A.B. Kagalenko2),R.Capote3),T. Granier4), Hambsch5), B. Morillon4), P. Romain4), F.-J., J.-C. Sublet6)

1) Joint Institute of Nuclear and Energy Research, 220109,Minsk-Sosny, Belarus2) Institute of Physics and Power Engineering, 249033, Obninsk, Russia

3) International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria4) CEA, Centre DAM-Ile de France, 91927,Arpajon, Cedex, France

5) EU-JRC Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements, Geel, Belgium6) CEA, Cadarache, 13108,Saint Paul lez Durance, France


3

SCOPE

Problem of Prompt fission neutron spectra Thermal regionFast region Emissive fissionCritical assemblies benchmarking


4

WPEC, vol.9, Fission Neutron Spectra of Uranium-235, NEA, OECD, 2003

Possible sources of thermal PFNS problem1. Discrepant experiments by Starostov et al. (1985) and Wang Yufeng et al.

(1989).2. Integral activation cross sections in thermal PFNS3. Differential activation cross sections 4. LANL(Madland-Nix (1981) Model) One more source:Spectrum in integral measurements is not a thermal PFNS, applied corrections do not workMajor problem’ sourcePoor description of differential PFNS data in data libraries


5

After vol.9 :

Various recipes, like1. S(En,ε)=1/2(S(En,ε,LF)+ S(En,ε,HF))

modified asS(En,ε)= vL/(vL + vH)S(En,ε,LF)+ vH /(vL + vH) S(En,ε,HF)

Nishio et al. 1998S(En,ε)= 0.58 S(En,ε,LF)+ 0.42 S(En,ε,HF)

2. Energy dependence of the CN formation for FF3. SL,S1,S2… fission modes, etc.

do not help.


6

ε, MeV0,1 1 10

R(E

th, ε

), <E

n>=1

.964

MeV

0,6

0,7

0,8

0,9

1,0

1,1

preENDF/B-VIILANL, 2003, ν(A), Nishio et al., 1998 ENDF/B-VII=ENDF/B-VI.8Kornilov et al., 1999Starostov et al., 1985


7

ε, MeV1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

R(E

th, ε

), <E

n>=1

.964

MeV

0,6

0,7

0,8

0,9

1,0

1,1

preENDF/B-VIILANL, 2003, ν(A), Nishio et al., 1998 ENDF/B-VII=ENDF/B-VI.8Kornilov et al., 1999Starostov et al., 1985


8

WPEC, vol.9, Fission Neutron Spectra of Uranium-235, NEA, OECD, 2003

After vol.9 :235U(n,F) Average energies of PFNS for 0.4< En <200 MeVby Ethvignot et al., Phys. Rev. Let. Vol. 94, 052701, 2005

238U(n,F) Average energies of PFNS for 1.7 <En <200 MeVby Ethvignot et al., Phys. Lett. B575, 221, 2003Prompt fission neutron spectra (PFNS) 238U(n,F), 232Th(n,F) at En < 20 MeV,

Maslov et al. Phys. Rev. C69, 034607, 2003235U(n,F), Maslov et al., Nucl. Phys., A760, 274, 2005235U(n,F) thermal PFNS measurement, Hambsch et al., 2009,


9

NEUTRON ENERGY, MeV

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

<E>,

MeV

1.9

2.0

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.5Smirenkin et al, 1994Boykov et al., 1994Ethvignot et al., 2005

ENDF/B-VIJENDL-3.3BROND-2Maslov et al., 2005

Kornilov et al., 1998

ENDF/B-VIIBertin et al., 1978


10

Prompt fission neutron spectra model

Post-scission neutrons from LF&HF(pre-acceleration NE + NE from accelerated fragments) approximated as a sum of two Watt’ (LF+HF) distributions.Kornilov, Kagalenko, Hambsch (1999)Major parameters: 1) ratio of the TLF/THF =1-1.252)Ekin of FF at the moment of NE, 0.8-0.95 * Ekin at infinity


11

S(ε,En) - sum of two Watt distributions:

∑=

=2

1n )),(,,(5.0)E,S(

inijni ETEW αεε

ε

εε

παε

i

i

i

vi

inijni b

bshTE

TETEW

)()exp(2)),(,,(

*

2/3 −=

iiriii

vii UTKEEkT

TE

b −−== ,4 *

iT -temperature for light and heavyfragments, α =TKE/TKE∝

In Watt' equation CMS energy per nucleon -

vivi EE α=*

-


12

VENUS –3 I.Kodeli, A. Trkov, R.Capote, Y. Nagaya, V.Maslov, 2009

PFNS for 235U(nth,f)215In(n,n’)58Ni(n,p)27Al(n,α)

2-6 MeV PFNS energy range


13235_U(nth, f), PFNS, ~50 keV shift in <E>235U FISSION NEUTRON SPECTRUM En~Eth

NEUTRON ENERGY, MeV0,01 0,1 1 10

R(E

n,ε)

0,4

0,6

0,8

1,0

Kornilov et al., 1999Starostov et al., 1984

JENDL-3.3 ENDF/B-VII.0present

preENDF/B-VII


14235_U(nth, f), PFNS, ~50 keV shift in <E>

235U FISSION NEUTRON SPECTRUM En~Eth

NEUTRON ENERGY, MeV10

R(E

n,ε)

0,6

0,8

1,0

Kornilov et al., 1999Starostov et al., 1984


preENDF/B-VII


15

235_U(n,f) PFNS by Starostov et al. (1985) data –relative to 252Cf(sf), made with 3 detectors for 3 overlapping emitted

neutron energies1. Levelled

2. Smoothed with 7th order polinomial3. Normalized using Manhart (2007) 252Cf(sf) data


16

ε, MeV2 4 6 8 10 12

R(E

th, ε

), <E

n>=1

.964

MeV

0,6

0,7

0,8

0,9

1,0

1,1

B.I. Starostov et al., YK, 3, p. 16 (1985),renormalized preENDF/B-VIILANL, 2003, ν(A), Nishio et al., 1998 ENDF/B-VII=ENDF/B-VI.8

PRESENT


17

ε, MeV0,1 1 10

R(E

th, ε

), <E

n>=1

.964

MeV

0,6

0,7

0,8

0,9

1,0

1,1


PRESENT


18

235U(nth,f) fission neutron spectrum

Neutron energy, MeV2 4 6 8 10 12

R(E

n,ε)

0,6

0,7

0,8

0,9

1,0

1,1

presentHambsch et al., 2009


19

235U(nth,f) neutron spectra for therm. neutrons

Neutron energy, MeV0,1 1 10

R(E

n,ε)

0,6

0,7

0,8

0,9

1,0

1,1

Starostov et al., 1985, updatedpresentKornilov et al. (1999)preENDF/B-VIIHambsch et al., 2009ENDF/B-VII.0

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

5

5


20

235U(nth,f) neutron spectra for therm. neutrons

Neutron energy, MeV2 4 6 8 10 12

R(E

n,ε)

0,6

0,7

0,8

0,9

1,0

1,1

Starostov et al., 1985, updatedpresentKornilov et al. (1999)preENDF/B-VIIHambsch et al., 2009ENDF/B-VII.0

3


21

ε, MeV2 4 6 8 10 12

R(E

th, ε

), <E

n>=1

.964

MeV

0,6

0,7

0,8

0,9

1,0

1,1


PRESENTHambsch et al., 2009


22

ε, MeV0,1 1 10

R(E

th, ε

), <E

n>=1

.964

MeV

0,6

0,7

0,8

0,9

1,0

1,1




23



R(E

n,ε)

0,6

0,8

1,0

1,2

Kornilov et al.,1999Wang Yufeng et al., 1989

ENDF/B-VII.0JENDL-3.3 preENDF/B-VIIpresent


24



R(E

n,ε)

0,6

0,8

1,0

1,2

Kornilov et al.,1999Wang Yufeng et al., 1989

ENDF/B-VII.0JENDL-3.3 preENDF/B-VIIpresent


25


NEUTRON ENERGY, MeV0,1 1 10

R(E

n,ε)

0,6

0,8

1,0

1,2

Kornilov et al., 1999Lajtai et al., 1985



26

235U FISSION NEUTRON SPECTRUM En~0.5MeV


R(E

n,ε)

0,6

0,8

1,0

1,2

Kornilov et al., 2009Johanson et al., 1977

JENDL-3.3ENDF/B-VII.0present


NEUTRON ENERGY, MeV2 4 6 8 10 12 14

R(E

n,ε)

0,6

0,8

1,0

1,2

Kornilov et al., 2009Johanson et al., 1977



27


NEUTRON ENERGY, MeV0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

R(E

n,ε)

0,6

0,8

1,0

1,2

1,4Kornilov et al., 1999Staples et al., 1995



NEUTRON ENERGY, MeV0 2 4 6 8 10

R(E

n,ε)

0,6

0,8

1,0

1,2

1,4

Kornilov et al.,1999Trufanov et al., 1994

JENDL-3.3ENDF/B-7present


28


NEUTRON ENERGY, MeV0 10

R(E

n,ε)

0,6

0,8

1,0

1,2

1,4 Kornilov et al.,1999Staples et al., 1995



29


NEUTRON ENERGY, MeV0 2 4 6 8 10 12

R(E

n,ε)

0,6

0,8

1,0

1,2

Kornilov et al., 1999Boykov et al., 1991


235U FISSION NEUTRON SPECTRUM En~5MeV

NEUTRON ENERGY, MeV0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

R(E

n,ε)

0,6

0,8

1,0

1,2

Kornilov et al., 1999Lovchikova et al.,2000



30235U FISSION NEUTRON SPECTRUM En~5MeV

NEUTRON ENERGY, MeV0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

R(E

n,ε)

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

PresentLovchikova et al.,2000

JENDL-3.3preENDF/B-VII


31

Multiple-chance fission – pre-saddle (pre-fission) plus post-scission (post-fission) neutrons (pre-acceleration NE + NE from accelerated fragments)

Consistent analysis of (n,f) and competing (n,xn) reactions Prompt fission neutron spectra (PFNS) of 235U(n,f), 238U(n,f), 232Th(n,f) at En

< 20 MeV Exclusive pre-fission (pre-saddle) (n,xnf) reaction neutron spectra+ multiple-

chance fission cross section structure PFNS for actinides for En <20 MeV


32

Prompt-fission neutron spectra SA+2-x (ε,En) - sum of two Watt distributions:

superposition of exclusive pre-fission (n,xnf) spectra and post-fission spectra SA+2-x (ε,En)

( )

( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( ))) )(()E,(S)()(

) )(()E,(S)()(

)()E,(S)()(

)E,(S)()()(()E,S(

3n3nnf

2n3nnf

1n3nnf

2n2nnf

1n2nnf

1nnnf

4n244

3n133

2n22

n1A111

n

εσ

εσ

εσ

εσ

εσ

εσ

βεβν

βεβν

βεβν

εβννε

dEd

dEd

dEd

nAnn

dEd

dEd

nAnn

dEd

nAnn

nnn

nnn

nn

n

EEE

EEE

EEE

EEE

+++

+++

++

+=

−

−

+−


33

235U(n,F) & 235U(n,2n)

neutron energy, MeV0 10 20

0

1

2

3Poenitz, 1977Leugers et al., 1976 Lisowski et al., 1991

Present, (n,F)Present, (n,f)Present, (n,nf)Present, (n,2nf)JEFF-3.1,(n,F)JEFF-3.1,(n,f)JEFF-3.1,(n,nf)JEFF-3.1,(n,2nf)ENDF/B-VII.0

neutron energy, MeV5 10 15 20

(n,2

n) c

ross

sec

tion

(bar

n)

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

Frehaut et al.,1980Mather et al., 1972presentBrown et al., 2004JEFF-3.1JENDL-3.3ENDF/B-VII.0


34

235U(n,F) ν of PFN 238U(n,F)235U(n,F), NEUTRON MULTIPLICIY

NEUTRON ENERGY, MeV0 5 10 15 20

ν

0

1

2

3

4

5

6 FREHAUT ET AL., 1982FREHAUT ET AL., 1980GWIN ET AL., 1980HOWE, 1984 KHOKHLOV ET AL., 1994νp(n,F)

νp(n,f)

νp(n,nf)

νp(n,2nf)

En,M∋B0 4 8 12 16 20

ν

0

1

2

3

4

5 Frehaut [45]Nurpeisov et al. [46]Malinovskij et al. [47]Vorob'jova et al. [48]Savin et al. [49]Zongyu [50](n,F)(n,f) (n,nf) (n,2nf) (n,3nf)


35

238_U(n,F) En=7 MeV 235_U(n, F),


36235U(n,F) FISSION NEUTRON SPECTRUM En=7 MeV

neutron energy, MeV0,1 1 10

R(E

n,ε)

0,4

0,6

0,8

1,0

1,2

1,4

1,6

1,8

2,01Maslov et al., 20052ENDF/B-VII.0, Frehaut et al., 19753JEFF-3.1,4present

1

2

3

1

4


37

235U(n,F) [PFNS En=7 МeV] 238U(n,F)

ε, M∋B 0 5 10 15 20

ii

n

10-5

10-4

10-3

10-2

10-1

100

235U(n,F)235U(n,f)235U(n,nf)

ε, M∋B 0 2 4 6 8 1

S( ε

,En)

,1/ M

∋ B0.001

0.010

0.100

(n,F)(n,f)(n,nf)


38

235U PROMPT FISSION NEUTRON SPECTRUM, En=14.7 MeV

NEUTRON ENERGY, MeV0,1 1 10

R(E

n,ε)

0,6

0,8

1,0

1,2

1,4

1,6Boykov et al., 1994JENDL-3.3ENDF/B-VIMaslov et al., 1999 JEFF-3.1ENDF/B-VII.0present

235U PROMPT FISSION NEUTRON SPECTRUM, En=14.7 MeV


R(E

n,ε)

0,6

0,8

1,0

1,2

1,4

1,6Boykov et al., 1994JENDL-3.3ENDF/B-VIMaslov et al., 1999 JEFF-3.1ENDF/B-VII.0present


39

235U PARTIAL FISSION NEUTRON SPECTRA, En=14.7 MeV


β iSi(E

n), 1

/MeV

10-5

10-4

10-3

10-2

10-1

100

235U(n,F)235U(n,f)235U(n,nf)235U(n,2nf)

235U PARTIAL FISSION NEUTRON SPECTRA, En=20MeV


β iSi(E

), 1/

MeV

10-5

10-4

10-3

10-2

10-1

100

235U(n,F)235U(n,f)235U(n,nf)235U(n,n2nf)235U(n,3nf)


40

235U En=14.7 MeVCOMPONENTS OF FIRST NEUTRON SPECTRUM

NEUTRON ENERGY, MeV0 4 8 12

NE

UTR

ON

SP

EC

TRU

M, B

/MeV

0.001

0.010

0.100

(n,nX)(n,n')(n,nf)1

(n,2n)1

(n,2nf)1

(n,3n)1

235U En=14.7 MeVCOMPONENTS OF SECOND NEUTRON SPECTRUM


NE

UTR

ON

SP

EC

TRU

M, B

/MeV

10-8

10-7

10-6

10-5

10-4

10-3

10-2

10-1

100

(n,2nX)2

(n,2n)2

(n,2nf)2

(n,3n)2


41235U: AVERAGE ENERGY OF PFNS

NEUTRON ENERGY, MeV

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

<E>,

MeV

1,9

2,0

2,1

2,2

2,3

2,4Kornilov et al., 1998Smirenkin et al, 1994Boykov et al., 1994Ethvignot et al., 2005

ENDF/B-VIJENDL-3.3Maslov et al., 2005ENDF/B-VII.0

1

present


42

Neutron energy (MeV)

0 5 10 15 20

238U(n,f) prompt fission neutron average energies, 0.6<ε<7.5 MeV

<ε>,

MeV

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.6 PresentEthvignot et al., 2003Boykov et al., 1991Kornilov et al., 1980Lovchikova et al., 2000

JENDL-3.3 CEA, 2005ENDF/B-VI 232ThpreENDF/B-VII


43

235U(n,F) &238U(n,F)AVERAGE ENERGY OF PFNS

En, MeV

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

<ε>,

MeV

2.0

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.6

235U(n,F), PRESENT, 0.8<ε<7.5 MeV235U(n,F), ENDF/B-VI, 0.8<ε<7.5 MeV235U(n,F), JENDL-3.3, 0.8<ε<7.5 MeV238U(n,F), Ethvignot et al. (2003)238U(n,F), PRESENT, 0.65<ε<7.5 MeV235U(n,F), Bertin et al., 1976

235U(n,F)

238U(n,F)


44

U - THERMAL REGION, TRIPOLI-4.4 calculations by J-C Sublet

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

Kef

f

0,995

1,000

1,005

1,010 EXPERIMENTJEFF-3.1JEFF-3.1.1present

c-1

LCT-006

Hec

tor

Tops

y-N

ITo

psy-

UR

LCT-

027

LCT-

10

Pb refl.

c-3

c-4

c-8

c-9

c-13

c-14

c-18

LCT-007Valduc

LCT-039Valduc

c-1

c-2

c-3

c-5

c-6

c-7

c-1

c-4

c-6

c-20c-1

c-1


45HST (SOLUTIONS), TRIPOLI, calcualtions by J.-C. Sublet

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29

Kef

f

0,980

0,985

0,990

0,995

1,000

1,005

1,010

EXPERIMENTJEF-3.1JEF-3.1.1JEFF-3.1.1+PFNS

HST001 HST009 HST010

HST

012

HST013 HST018

HST

019

HST011 HST

032

c-1

c-2

c-3

c-4

c-5

c-6

c-7

c-8

c-9

c-1

c-2

c-3

c-4

c-1

c-2

c-3

c-4

c-1

c-2

c-1

c-1

c-2

c-3

c-4

c-1

c-3

c-2

c-1


46FAST REGION, TRIPOLI, calcualtions by J.-C. Sublet

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Kef

f

0,980

0,985

0,990

0,995

1,000

1,005

EXPERIMENT JEFF-3.1

JEFF-3.1.1 JEFF-3.1.1+PFNS

Big Ten

deta

.

sim

p.

t.z.h

.

ZPR(16%)

c-1

ZPR-U9

c-1

IMF-002

c-1

Jemimac-

2 c-3

c-4

Godiva

c-1

c-2

Jezebel Jez. 240

c-1

c-1


47HEU-MET-FAST, TRIPOLI, Morillon et al.

Kef

f

0,992

0,994

0,996

0,998

1,000

1,002

1,004

1,006

1,008

BRC2009 ENDF/B-VII.0 PFNS by Maslov et al., 2005PFNS, present

01a

01b

God

iva

013

18a

32a

32d

04a

04b

04c

008

011

014

015

18b

028

32b

32c

wat

er re

flect

or

w/o

refle

ct.

ref.

poly

ethy

lene

ref.

rod

ref.

238 U

app

.

Cyl

. w/o

ref

w/o

ref.

Flat

top

ref.

238 U

ref.

238 U


48IEU MET FAST, TRIPOLI, Morillon et al.

Kef

f

0,994

0,996

0,998

1,000

1,002

1,004

1,006

BRC09 ENDF/B-VII.0PFNS by Maslov et al., 2005PFNS, present

01a

01b

Jemima

01c

01d

07A

07B

Big Ten


49

ε, MeV0,1 1 10

R(E

th, ε

), <E

n>=1

.964

MeV

0,6

0,7

0,8

0,9

1,0

1,1




50

Conclusions1. 235U PFNS data are fitted (except 2.9, 5 MeV) 2. The energy balance model for the multi-chance fission

is validated for Eth<En<20 MeV describing fission cross sections,PFNS, and neutron multiplicities.

3. Pre-fission (n,xnf) spectra+ neutrons from the fission fragments - a number of peculiarities in 235U(n,f) are interpreted.

4. LCT – positive biases in k_eff (200-300 pcm) withJEFF-3.1.1+PFNS(235U)

5. HEU_MET_FAST negative biases in k_eff (200-300 pcm) with JEFF-3.1.1+PFNS(235U)


51

Conclusions6. HST – positive biases in k_eff (500 pcm) with JEFF-

3.1.1+PFNS(235_U)7.HEU_MET_FAST small +- biases in k_eff (50-60 pcm)

with ENDF/B-VII.0-compensation effect- shapes are drastically different

8. IEU_MET_FAST- sensitivity to tweaked csspossibly 238_U capture

9. Similar effects are envisioned for PST,MCT


52

neutron energy ( MeV)0 5 10 15 20

<E>(

MeV

)

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

232Th238U239Pu

235U

232Th 238U 239Pu235UMadland, 2006

235-u prompt fission neutron spectra - nuclear energy … · 235-u prompt fission neutron spectra...

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