21. 22 field museum ci aquarap rapid assessment of aquatic ecosystems an interdisciplinary,...
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Field Museum CI AquaRAP
Rapid Assessment of Aquatic Ecosystems
An Interdisciplinary, International Program
Developing Integrated Solutions
For a Sustainable Future
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International:• scientists from 7 countries in
South America
Interdisciplinary• 5 scientific disciplines
AquaRAP
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Conservation of Aquatic Ecosystems
• Include Humans in Ecosystem
• Integrated, Sustainable Use Plans
• Watershed is Unit of Conservation
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River Basin -- Watershed
• headwaters• springs• streams• lakes• flooded areas• riffles - rapids• main channels• deltas
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River Basin -- Watershed
• fishes and the forest
• long distance migrations
• dynamic life histories
• ecological services
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Rainy Season – High Water
Fishes in Forest
Flooded Forests: Feeding Reproduction Nursery Area 28
Early Rainy Season:Upstream Migration
(adults)
Early – Mid Dry Season:Downstream Migration
(adults, juveniles, larvae)
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Rapid Assessment (RAP) is an important toolin Conservation Biology
RAP provides a critical across taxon perspectiveat the distributions within a watershed
Landscape level approach that results in first passscientific information and conservation
strategy
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RAP Programs face a number of challenges:
• Turn lists of taxa into conservation strategies
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Fishes collected during AquaRAP expedition to Pando, Bolivia inSeptember 1996.Jaime Sarmiento, Barry Chernoff, Soraya Barrera, Antonio Machado-Allison, NarcioMenezes, and Hernan OrtegaTAXA Upper
NareudaLower
NareudaUpper
TahuamanuMiddle
TahuamanuLower
TahuamanuManuripi
RajiformesPotamotrygonidae
Potamotrygon motoro - - - -
ClupeiformesEngraulidae
Anchoviella cf. carrikeri - - - -
CharaciformesAnostomidae
Abramites hypselonotus - - - Laemolyta sp. - - - - - Leporinus cf. fasciatus - - - - - Leporinus friderici - - - Leporinus cf. nattereri - - - - Schizodon fasciatum - - -
CharacidaeAphyocharax alburnus - - - -Aphyocharax dentatus - Aphyocharax pusillus - - - Astyanax cf. abramis Astyanax sp. - - - - -Brachychalcinus copei - - -Bryconamericus cf. caucanus - - - - -
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RAP Programs face a number of challenges:
• Turn lists of taxa into conservation strategies
• Adhere to scientific principles
• Use data to test basic null hypotheses
• Establish preliminary hypotheses upon which longer term studies can be based
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Are species distributed:
Randomly?
Homogeneously?
Heterogeneously?
Among subregions or macrohabitats within watershed or area of interest
Conservation Strategy depends upon Answer
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Testing hypotheses of distribution with RAP data can lead to Type I Error -- the false rejection of a true null hypothesis!
But we are willing to take this risk in order todevelop conservation strategies that are over determined with the effect that they will help topreserve more rather than fewer species.
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R Cspecies 1 1 species 2 1 1species 3 1 species 4 1 1species 5 1 species 6 1 1species 7 1 1species 8 1 species 9 1 1species 10 1
How similarare these habitats?
50% or 100% ?
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Solution:depends uponinterpretationof absences!
R Cspecies 1 1 species 2 1 1species 3 1 species 4 1 1species 5 1 species 6 1 1species 7 1 1species 8 1 species 9 1 1species 10 1
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R Cspecies 1 1 species 2 1 1species 3 1 species 4 1 1species 5 1 species 6 1 1species 7 1 1species 8 1 species 9 1 1species 10 1
For RapidAssessmentData:
Absences areambiguous!
Therefore:similarity is100%, discountabsences.
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