Rwanda

Russian Federation

China

Brazil

Canada

Australia

India

United Statesof America

Iran

Greenland

Algeria

Argentina

Libya

Mali

Mexico

Sudan

Kazakhstan

Peru

Chad

Niger

Mongolia

Egypt

Angola

Bolivia

SaudiArabia

Ethiopia

Turkey

Nigeria

Iraq

Colombia

Namibia

Mauritania

Zambia

Spain

Tanzania

UkraineFrance

Kenya

Venezuela

Yemen

Poland

Chile

Congo,Dem.Rep.

Pakistan

SouthAfrica

Sweden

Somalia

Myanmar

Finland

Italy

SouthSudan

Norway

Thailand

Mozambique

Botswana

Afghanistan

Indonesia

Oman

Congo,Rep.

Morocco

Germany

Madagascar

UzbekistanJapan

Paraguay

Cameroon

Viet Nam

Syria

Turkmenistan

Zimbabwe

Gabon

Belarus

Ghana

Guinea

Romania

CentralAfrican

Republic

Ecuador

Nepal

LaoPDR

Guyana

Western Sahara

Uganda

Côted'Ivoire

Senegal

Tunisia

Malaysia

Iceland

Uruguay

Kyrgyz Rep.

Cuba

Burkina FasoBenin

CambodiaEritrea

South KoreaTajikistanGreece

SerbiaBulgaria

Suriname

Latvia

Austria

Malawi

New Zealand

Jordan

Liberia

Hungary

Ireland

Nicaragua

Honduras

Bangladesh

Portugal

Togo

Philippines

Guatemala

Georgia

Lithuania

Panama

Azerb.

CroatiaNorth Korea

Czech Rep.

Estonia

Sri Lanka

Bhutan

Haiti

Taiwan

French Guiana

Bel.

Costa Rica

Moldova

Fiji

Denmark

Israel

Albania

Lesotho

Belize

U.A.E

Burundi

Dominican Rep.

Djibouti

Kuwait

Equatorial GuineaPapuaNew

Guinea

Guinea-Bissau

Qatar

Swaziland

Jamaica

Timor-Leste

Lebanon

UnitedKingdom

Brunei

Trinidad & Tobago

Comoros

Hong Kong

El Salvador

Mont.Mace.

Bos.&Herz.

Switz.Slovak Rep.

Slov.

Lux.

Armenia

Cyprus

Bahrain

Mauritius

Sierra Leone

Gambia

Neth.

Singapore

*See Box 2.1 for details**See Chapter 1 for details

Not calculated**

Insufficient data

Insufficent data, significant concern*

Alarming 35.0–49.9

Serious 20.0–34.9

Moderate 10.0–19.9

Low ≤ 9.9

Extremely alarming 50.0 ≤

*See Box 2.1 for details**See Chapter 1 for details

Not calculated**

Insufficient data

Insufficent data, significant concern*

Alarming 35.0–49.9

Serious 20.0–34.9

Moderate 10.0–19.9

Low ≤ 9.9

Extremely alarming 50.0 ≤

5.0

5.0 5.3 5.5 5.9 6.1 6.5

6.5 7.3 7.6

7.6 7.7 7.9 8.0 8.1 8.5

8.5

8.5 8.6 8.8 9.0 9.1 9.3 9.4 9.5 10

.1

10

.2

10

.3

10

.4

10

.4

10

.8

11

.0

11

.2

11

.4

11

.7

11

.8

12

.1

12

.2

12

.2

12

.6

12

.6

13

.3

13

.6

14

.4

14

.5

14

.8

15

.2

15

.4

16

.0

16

.7

17

.2 17

.9 20

.1

20

.2

20

.8

21

.1

21

.2

21

.9

22

.1

22

.3

22

.5

23

.2

23

.7

23

.7

24

.3

24

.3

24

.3

25

.3

25

.5

25

.9

26

.1

26

.5

27

.3

27

.7

27

.8

28

.7

28

.9

29

.1

29

.1

29

.5

29

.5

29

.7

30

.1

30

.4

30

.4

30

.8

30

.9

31

.1

31

.1

31

.2

32

.6

32

.9

33

.3

34

.0

34

.2

34

.3

34

.8

35

.4

35

.7 37

.6

38

.0 39

.7

45

.4

43

.55

3.7

Bra

zil

Pan

ama

Alg

eria

Ken

ya

Guine

a-B

issa

u

Bul

gari

a

Slo

vak

Rep

ublic

Arg

enti

na

Kaz

akhs

tan

Mac

edon

ia,

FYR

Rus

sian

Fed

erat

ion

Mex

ico

Ser

bia

Iran

Arm

enia

Chi

na

Col

ombi

a

Tuni

sia

Trin

idad

& T

obag

o

Geo

rgia

Par

agua

y

Sau

di A

rabi

a

Jam

aica

Per

u

Fiji

Kyr

gyz

Rep

ublic

Aze

rbai

jan

El S

alva

dor

Sur

inam

e

Dom

inic

an R

epub

lic

Mor

occo

Thai

land

Om

an

Mau

riti

us

Jord

an

Vene

zuel

a

Leba

non

Ecu

ador

Uzb

ekis

tan

Alb

ania

Turk

men

ista

n

Guy

ana

Mon

golia

Mal

aysi

a

Nic

arag

ua

Hon

dura

s

Sou

th A

fric

a

Egy

pt

Gha

na

Gab

on

Viet

Nam

Bol

ivia

Sen

egal

Sri

Lan

ka

Mya

nmar

Phi

lippi

nes

Gua

tem

ala

Cam

eroo

n

Nep

al

Indo

nesi

a

Iraq

Gam

bia

Sw

azila

nd

Cam

bodi

a

Leso

tho

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in

Nam

ibia

Togo

Lao

PD

R

Bot

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a

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Ivoi

re

Ban

glad

esh

Mal

awi

Mau

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nia

Bur

kina

Fas

o

Mal

i

Rw

anda

Gui

nea

Eth

iopi

a

Ang

ola

Tanz

ania

Pap

ua N

ew G

uine

a

Djib

outi

Con

go,

Rep

.

Nig

er

Com

oros

Moz

ambi

que

Indi

a

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eria

Uga

nda

Pak

ista

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babw

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ria

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th K

orea

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este

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rra

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e

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bia

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car

Yem

en

Cha

d

Cen

tral

Afr

ican

Rep

ublic

Source: Authors.

Note: For the 2018 GHI, data on the proportion of under-

nourished are for 2015–2017; data on child stunting

and wasting are for the latest year in the period 2013–

2017 for which data are available; and data on child

mortality are for 2016. GHI scores were not calculated

for countries for which data were not available and for

certain countries with small populations.

The boundaries and names shown and the designa-

tions used on this map do not imply official endorse-

ment or acceptance by Welthungerhilfe (WHH) or Con-

cern Worldwide.

Recommended citation: “Figure 2.4: 2018 Global

Hunger Index by Severity.” Map in 2018 Global Hun-

ger Index: Forced Migration and Hunger, by K. von

Grebmer, J. Bernstein, L. Hammond, F. Patterson,

A. Sonntag, L. Klaus, J. Fahlbusch, O. Towey, C. Foley,

S. Gitter, K. Ekstrom, and H. Fritschel. 2018. Bonn

and Dublin: Welthungerhilfe and Concern Worldwide.

2018 GLOBAL HUNGER INDEX BY SEVERITY

CONCEPT OF THE GLOBAL HUNGER INDEXThe Global Hunger Index (GHI) is based on four component indicators:

> UNDERNOURISHMENT: the proportion of undernourished people as a percent-age of the population (reflecting the share of the population with insufficient caloric intake);

> CHILD WASTING: the proportion of children younger than age five who suffer from wasting (low weight-for-height, reflecting acute undernutrition);

> CHILD STUNTING:  the proportion of children younger than age five who are stunted (low height-for-age, reflecting chronic undernutrition); and

> CHILD MORTALITY: the mortality rate of children younger than age five (partially reflecting the fatal synergy of inadequate nutrition and unhealthy environments).

Combining the proportion of undernourished in the population with the indica-tors relating to children under age five ensures that both the food supply situ-ation of the population as a whole and the effects of inadequate nutrition on a physiologically very vulnerable group are captured. Children’s nutritional sta-tus deserves particular attention because a deficiency of nutrients places them at high risk of physical and mental impairment and death. For many children in developing countries who die from infectious diseases, the indirect cause of death is a weakened immune system due to a lack of dietary energy, vitamins, and minerals. Since the first three indicators—the proportion of undernourished and the prevalence of wasting and stunting in children—do not capture prema-ture death as the most tragic consequence of hunger, the under-five mortality rate is also included.

The Global Hunger Index goes beyond dietary energy availability to reflect the multidimensional causes and manifestations of hunger. Inequitable resource allo-cations between households and within households are also taken into consid-eration since the latter affect the physical well-being of children. Sufficient food availability at the household level does not guarantee that all members benefit from it in equal measure. The GHI varies between the best possible score of 0 and the worst possible score of 100. Higher scores indicate greater hunger—the lower the score, the better the country’s situation. GHI scores at or above 20 are considered serious; scores of 35 or greater are alarming; and scores of 50 or higher are extremely alarming.

The GHI is calculated for countries where data on all four component indica-tors are available and measuring hunger is most relevant. Most higher-income countries are not included because the indicators used to calculate the GHI are best suited to reflect the hunger and nutrition circumstances in low- and middle- income countries, and because many of these data are not collected regularly for higher-income countries. In addition, GHI scores are not calculated for certain countries with small populations or for certain non-independent entities or territories.

For more information, visit www.globalhungerindex.org, www.welthungerhilfe.de, and www.concern.net.