2017 real estate environmental benchmarks · x% 33 gwh elec-eq like-for-like saving 3.8% the real...

KEY FACTS COMPARED TO 2015

7M M2 OF FLOOR AREA +7.6%

587 PROPERTIES -5.8%

1,271 GWH ENERGY CONSUMPED -4.4%

£120M ENERGY SPEND -6%

XX PORTFOLIO CHURN X%

33 GWH ELEC-EQ LIKE-FOR-LIKE SAVING

3.8%

2017 REAL ESTATE ENVIRONMENTAL BENCHMARKS

JANUARY 2018

2 | 2017 Real Estate Environmental Benchmarks








3.8%

The Real Estate Environmental Benchmark (REEB) is a publicly available benchmark of operational environmental performance for commercial property in the UK. It is one of the only benchmarks based on the performance of buildings ‘in-use’ and is increasingly becoming the industry standard used by investors, fund managers and property owners to compare the performance of commercial properties across the UK.

Based on the annual utility consumption data of the commercial property portfolios of BBP members, this report provides energy and water performance benchmarks for offices, shopping centres, retail parks, leisure parks and car parks, which can be used by others to compare the performance of their buildings.

The benchmarks provide one of the most up to date reflections of industry performance; the benchmarks are based on a 3-year rolling average and are updated each year. Details outlining how the benchmarks are calculated are provided at the end of this report.

The REEB dataset is one of the most comprehensive concerning performance in-use. With the permission of BBP members, the data is made available on an anonymous basis to support a wide range of research projects in this important field.

What is the Real Estate Environmental Benchmark?

Contents

1. Energy benchmarks 3

2. Water benchmarks 6

3. Calculating the benchmarks 8

Energy Benchmarks – Offices

300

250

200

150

100

50

0

£30

£25

£20

£15

£10

£5

£0

Good practice

Ener

gy in

tens

ity (k

Wh/

m2 N

LA/ y

ear)

Ener

gy c

ost (

£/ m

2 NLA

/ yea

r)

Good practiceTypical practice NLA: Net Lettable Area NLA: Net Lettable Area Typical practice

258

189

£25.38

£18.21

219

159

107

58

£12.93

£8.39

144

100108

7085

54

Energy kWh elec-eq

Electricity kWh

Fuels & thermals kWh

Energy kWh elec-eq

Electricity kWh

Fuels & thermalskWh

Air Conditioned Air ConditionedNon-Air Conditioned Non-Air Conditioned

Energy Intensity Energy Cost









3.8%

Energy Benchmarks – Shopping Centres *Due to concerns over the energy intensity profile observed for this property type, further investigation into the data and methodology will be undertaken in 2018 to increase the level of confidence for unenclosed shopping centre benchmarks in future years.

150

125

100

75

50

25

0

£15

£14

£13

£12

£11

£10

£9

£8

£7

£6

£5

£4

£3

£2

£1

£0

144

96

£13.99

£9.70

122

86

44

18

£1.20

£0.53

9

4

9

4

15

4

Energy kWh elec-eq

Electricity kWh


Energy kWh elec-eq

Electricity kWh


Enclosed Shopping Centre Enclosed Shopping CentreUnenclosed Shopping Centre* Unenclosed Shopping Centre*

Good practice Good practiceTypical practice Typical practice

Ener

gy in

tens

ity (k

Wh/

m2 C

PA/ y

ear)

Ener

gy c

ost (

£/ m

2 CPA

/ yea

r)

CPA: Common Parts Area CPA: Common Parts Area

Energy Intensity Energy Cost


Energy Benchmarks – Retail Parks, Leisure Parks and Car Parks

11

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

£1.20

£1.00

£0.80

£0.60

£0.40

£0.20

£0

5

3

£0.55

£0.33

£0.55

£0.44

£1.18

£0.565

4

10.75

5.17

Retail Parks Leisure Parks Car Parks Retail Parks Leisure Parks Car Parks


Elec

tric

ity in

tens

ity (k

Wh/

m2 / y

ear)

Elec

tric

ity c

ost (

£/ m

2 / yea

r)

Electricity Intensity Electricity Cost









3.8%

Water Benchmarks – Offices

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

£0.10

£0.90

£0.08

£0.70

£0.06

£0.50

£0.04

£0.30

£0.02

£0.01

£0

750

700

650

600

550

500

450

400

£1.40

£1.20

£1.00

£0.80

£0.60

£0.40

£0.20

£0

36

701

24

478


£1.40

£0.96£0.07

£0.04

Wat

er in

tens

ity (l

itres

/ per

son/

wor

king

day

)

Wat

er c

ost (

£/ p

erso

n/ w

orki

ng d

ay)

Wat

er in

tens

ity (l

itres

/ m2 N

LA/ w

orki

ng d

ay)

Wat

er c

ost (

£/ m

2 NLA

/ yea

r)

NLA: Net Lettable Area NLA: Net Lettable Area

Water Intensity Water Cost


Water Benchmarks – Enclosed Shopping Centres

1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0

950

900

850

800

750

700

650

600

550

500

450

400

1.31935

0.65

459


£1.00

£0.90

£0.80

£0.70

£0.60

£0.50

£0.40

£0.30

£0.20

£0.10

£0

£0.87

£0.001Wat

er in

tens

ity (l

itres

/ vis

it)

Wat

er in

tens

ity (l

itres

/ m2 C

PA/ y

ear)

CPA: Common Parts AreaCPA: Common Parts Area

£2.00

£1.80

£1.60

£1.40

£1.20

£1.00

£0.80

£0.60

£0.40

£0.20

£0

£1.87

£0.92

Wat

er c

ost (

£/ m

2 CPA

/ yea

r)

Wat

er c

ost (

£/ v

isit/

yea

r)

Water Intensity Water Cost


Calculating the Benchmarks

Data Quality

• Properties included within benchmark calculations must meet strict data quality controls. The criteria for excluding properties are:

– Properties with missing data that are vital to the analysis.

– Properties that show abnormal changes between years or data anomalies that cannot be explained or confirmed by the submitting participant.

– Properties with energy intensities below the following thresholds:

– Non-air-conditioned offices: 30 kWhelec-eq/ m2/ yr,

– Air-conditioned offices: 50 kWhelec-eq/ m2/ yr,

– Enclosed shopping centres: 30 kWhelec-eq/ m2/ yr.

Offices

• Energy benchmarks are based on whole building data only. Buildings that submit only part building energy consumption are excluded.

• Energy benchmarks are based on offices which have an average annual occupancy rate of 75% or more.

• It is recognised that whole building energy intensity using NLA as the denominator is, to an extent, a mismatch between numerator and denominator (i.e. using NLA as opposed to Gross Internal Area (GIA) with whole building energy). However, NLA is used, as it is the most consistently available and accurate denominator from participants.

• For water benchmarks: – Persons = workers based on best available of

either Full Time Equivalents (FTEs) or actively used workstations.

– Working days = 260 per year.

Shopping Centres

• Data for both enclosed and unenclosed shopping centres, excludes occupier and car park energy consumption. Specifically for unenclosed shopping centres, the energy consumption relates to external lighting, service yard etc.

• The denominator used for the shopping centres is CPA. In the case of unenclosed shopping centre, where CPA is not available, External Area (given as Gross Plot Area minus Building Footprint) is used.

• For water benchmarks (enclosed shopping centre): Persons = footfall numbers.

Retail and Leisure Parks

• Retail and Leisure Park data excludes occupier energy consumption and relates to energy consumption of the external area.

• The denominator used is the number of car park spaces, which is then converted into area. Each car park space represents 25m2 (based on BCSC Guidance Note 76 – Construction Costs of Shopping Centre Car Parks).

• As a denominator, it is recognised that car parking spaces may not be the most accurate numerator. However, in the absence of a more suitable denominator that is consistently

available and accurately recorded by participants, this is seen as the best alternative.

Adjustments

• Electricity equivalent (kWhelec-eq) = kWh of electricity equivalent. Electricity ‘equivalence’ is calculated to reflect the approximate thermodynamic differences between electricity, fuels and heat. The ratio for fuels is the same as the ratio of Climate Change Levy rates for gas and electricity from 01 April 2019. The kWh of electricity equivalent metric can be applied across time and globally and so facilitates historical and international comparisons of energy efficiency. Electricity = 1, fuels = 0.4 and thermals = 0.5.

• Fuels and thermal energy consumption for heating is adjusted for weather.

• No adjustments are made for hours of operation.

• Energy costs are based on the tariff rates of 11p per kWh for electricity and 3p per kWh for natural gas. Water costs are based on the tariff rate of £2.00 per m3 of water.

Calculation methodology

• Property submissions from the past 3 years are selected.

• Properties that fail any data quality controls are excluded.

• All annual data submissions not excluded are considered “eligible annual data submissions”.

• The energy intensity figures (adjusted for weather-driven heating) for each eligible annual data

submission is selected. Where an individual property has two or three eligible annual data submissions, the mean energy intensity is calculated and used for that property.

• These properties and intensities form the final dataset on which quartile analysis is performed to produce the benchmarks as follows:

– REEB Typical Practice = median (50th percentile) – REEB Good Practice = upper quartile

(25th percentile)

Sample sizeThe figures below represent the total number of properties used to create each benchmark category. Properties are only included where they meet the data quality controls. Where an individual property has submitted valid data for the past two or three years, the average intensity for that property is used. As a result, such properties are only represented once within the sample set, when calculating the benchmarks. The dataset will grow as we update the benchmarks annually.

• Offices – Energy: 391 air-conditioned; 38 non air-

conditioned – Water: 281 (per person); 373 (per m2)

• Enclosed Shopping Centres: – Energy: 111 – Water: 110 (per person); 146 (per m2)

• Unenclosed Shopping Centres: 60

• Retail Park: 94

• Leisure Parks: 37

• Car Parks: 24


Acknowledgements

This report has been developed through the work of the BBP Sustainability Benchmarking Working Group. Data collection and analysis has been undertaken by EnergyDeck.

REEB 2017 participants

Better Buildings Partnership1 Fore Street, London, EC2Y 9DT

info@betterbuildingspartnership.co.ukwww.betterbuildingspartnership.co.uk

2017 real estate environmental benchmarks · x% 33 gwh elec-eq like-for-like saving 3.8% the real...

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