contentslibrary.ukpowernetworks.co.uk/library/asset/f4cbe439-ad... · 2017. 9. 29. · mcw maximum...

5.1 Scope 1

5.2 Definitions 2

5.3 Introduction 3

5.4 DesignInformation 4

5.5 ConstructionInformation 11

AppendixA–ConstructionSizesExplained 18

AppendixB–SummaryofConductorMaximumWorkingTensions 22

AppendixC–TableofConductorMechanicalData 23

AppendixD–TableofConductorElectricalData 24

AppendixE–Stays 25

AppendixF–WindLoading 47

AppendixG–Spans 49

AppendixH–Sag/TensionCharts 52

AppendixI–TerminationandTiesforOpenWireConductors 72

AppendixJ–Manufacturer'sInstallationInstructions 75

AppendixK–TypicalInstallationScenarios 77

CONTENTS

5 LV OPEN WIRE

Section 5IPage1UK POWER NETWORKS OVERHEAD LINES CONSTRUCTION MANUAL I 2015

The scope of this Manual relates to terminating, inserting new conductors into, extending and diverting legacy LV Open Wire Overhead Lines.

The scope does not include services or the construction of new overhead lines.

Note:This construction section is not an instruction manual for safe erection of an overhead line, nor is it a standalone tender document. It should be used in conjunction with the Overhead Line Craft Manual and in accordance with the relevant specific job instruction.

5.1 SCOPE

ISection 5 UK POWER NETWORKS OVERHEAD LINES CONSTRUCTION MANUAL I 2015

5.2 DEFINITIONS

Term Description

aka Also known as

AAAC All Aluminium Alloy Conductor - aka Silmalec, Aluminium Alloy

AAC All Aluminium Conductor - aka HDA Hard Drawn Aluminium

ABC Aerial Bundled Conductor

BEBS British Electricity Board Standards – forerunner of ESI Standards

Cad Cu A copper alloy containing cadmium for increased tensile strength

CNE Combined Neutral Earth

Cu.eq Copper Equivalent – the size of a HDA or HDC or alloy conductor expressed as an equivalent pure copper conductor having the same resistance.

ESQCR Electricity Safety, Quality and Continuity Regulation 2002 – aka “The Supply Regulations”

EDS Every Day Stress – conductor vibration limit tension at 5OC

ENATS Energy Networks Association Technical Standard

ESI Standard Electricity Supply Industry – forerunner of ENATS

FoS Factor of Safety – Ultimate Tensile Strength divided by Maximum Working Tension

FPT Freezing Point Tension - conductor tension at 0OC without wind or ice loading

GA General Arrangement

HDA Hard Drawn Aluminium - aka AAC, All Aluminium Conductor

HDC Hard Drawn Copper

IPC Insulation Piercing Connector

Manufacturer An organisation supplying equipment for use on UKPN’s networks

MWT Maximum Working Tension – conductor tension at -5.6OC with design wind and ice loading.

MCP Maximum Conductor Pressure – Wind pressure on an ice loaded conductor

MCW Maximum Conductor Weight – Weight of ice load conductor

PME Protective Multiple Earthing

UKPN UK Power Networks

UTS Ultimate Tensile Strength - aka RBS, Rated Breaking Strength

SWG Standard Wire Gauge

Pole (Strut) Loading

The down-force on a terminal or angle pole due to the stay angle –aka Crippling Load.

SPN Southern Power Networks – formerly SeeBoard

EPN Eastern Power Networks – formerly Eastern Electricity Board

Wind Loading The wind pressure acting on the Wind Span

Wind Span The sum of half the adjacent span lengths

Weight Span The ice loaded weight of half the adjacent span lengths

XLPE Cross Liked Polyethylene


All new LV overhead line construction in UK Power Networks is carried using Aerial Bundled Conductor (ABC). However, a legacy population of Open Wire Overhead Lines, some of it dating back to the 1930’s forms a large part of the network. Most repair, maintenance and service connection activities can be carried out on Open Wire Overhead Lines without altering the legacy design standard. UKPN maintains a stock of materials that can be used for these activities.

This Manual provides the data and techniques required to carry out work on Open Wire Overhead Lines that changes the original design standard. In particular it enables Aerial Bundled Conductor to be inserted into or to extend/divert an Open Wire Overhead Line. Information is provided about legacy conductors to enable lines to be terminated and for Pole and wind loading on poles to be calculated.

Referenced may be made to the following documents when working on Open Wire Overhead Lines:

• ENATS 43-30 Issue 2:1981 “ Low Voltage Overhead Lines on Wood Poles”.

• UKPN “Overhead Line Historic Data. Section 3 LV Lines and Services”.

• UKPN “Overhead Lines Craft Manual”.

• However, there are some activities that require a change to the existing Open Wire design standard including:

• Terminating an existing Open Wire line.

• Inserting new conductors into/or extending an existing Open Wire Line.

• Diverting an existing Open Wire Line.

Often the existing conductors, particularly the imperial sizes of copper, are no longer available and the erection tension of the existing conductors is not known. It is therefore not possible to replace/extend existing conductors ‘like for like’. The most practical way of doing this work is to use Aerial Bundled Conductor.

This Manual provides guidance for carrying out these works by providing:

• Information about legacy design standards.

• Data about legacy conductors including types, tensile strength, tensions etc.

• Comparisons of Maximum Working Tensions (MWT) of different Open Wire Overhead Line designs.

• Permissible tensions that Aerial Bundled Conductor may be used at to balance Open Wire conductors.

• Calculation of stay and pole loadings for legacy conductors.

• Options for terminating , inserting, extending and diverting Open Wire Overhead Lines

5.3 INTRODUCTION


5.4.1 GeneralPracticeNew ABC Overhead Lines are designed according to the ENATS 43-12, 43-13 & 43-14 suite of standards. For all new construction the UKPN Overhead Line Construction Manuals Section 1 “ABC LV Mains and Services” provides a range of ‘pre-engineered’ General Arrangements and construction details based on the ENA Technical Standards to ensure compliance with good industry practice and the ESQC Regulations.

When dealing with legacy Overhead Lines it is often necessary to refer to previous standards and carry out some calculations. Also where ABC is used within Open Wire conductor systems the tensions will not be the same as for a new build consisting entirely of ABC.

5.4.2 RiskAssessmentA risk assessment shall be carried out at the commencement of the design work to identify the site specific safety hazards. The design shall incorporate mitigation measures to control the risks, identified in the risk assessment, associated with the construction, operation and maintenance of the proposed overhead line and its suitability compared with an underground cable solution.

5.4.3 EarthingSystem earthing and bonding shall be in accordance with the UKPN Earthing Engineering Documenta and Section 3 — arthing and Bonding, of the Overhead Line Craft Manual.

5.4.4 DesignData-LegacyLVOpenWireStandardsMany legacy lines were constructed as far back as the 1930’s and may still have the original conductors and components still in place. Where pole and stay replacements have been carried out, these will likely have been made on a ‘like for like’ basis.

Appendices 5A to 5D have tables with data about many of these legacy lines through to the modern ABC designs including SPN and EPN variations.

It is important to note that LV lines are designed differently to HV lines:

• HV lines run across country and conductor tensions need to be high to maintain ground clearance and to economise on pole heights. Stays can usually be given adequate spread to support the line tension. As a result, conductor systems are designed to reach their Maximum Working Tension at -5.6OC (50% of UTS – a FoS of 2 ) subject to vibration constraints.

• LV Lines run through villages and pole positions are dictated by the need to connect services. Spans of 20m to 50m are typical. Consequently there is no need for high conductor tensions to maintain clearances. Room for stay spread is often restricted and stay angles of 30O or less are common. Therefore design tensions are kept very low with Factors of Safety of typically from 3.5 to 6 for copper conductors up to 0.1 in2 and FoS up to 12 for 0.15in2 and 0.2in2 copper. This enables lines to be adequately stayed where room is restricted.

5.4 DESIGN INFORMATION

5.4.1 GeneralPractice 4

5.4.2 RiskAssessment 4

5.4.3 Earthing 4

5.4.4 DesignData-LegacyLVOpenWireStandards 4

5.4.5 DesignData-ABCStandards 6

5.4.6 SpanLengths 7


The following sections explain the difference between the standards that have existed. By ascertaining the age of a line it may be possible to establish the standard it was built to and then estimate the Maximum Working Tension. This information is helpful when deciding how to divert or extend a line with a similar conductor or ABC.

5.4.4.1 Pre 1962 lines

All electric power companies had different designs. Often these were based on contractor’s standards used when carrying out rural electrification. Conductors were usually copper. Sizes were in square inches (stranded) or Standard Wire Gauge SWG (single strand solid) .

It was common to restrict the Maximum Working Tension to 1000lb (4.5kN) even on the largest conductors from 0.05in2 to 0.2in2. Conductors of 0.025in2 or less were restricted 50% UTS (FoS of 2).

5.4.4.2 BEBS L1: 1962

After Nationalisation in 1948 most Electricity Boards continued to use their existing standards. In 1962 the British Electricity Board Standard L1 was introduced. This standardised on 0.1 in2 & 0.5in2 hard drawn copper and 0.1 in2 & 0.5in2 cu.eq hard drawn aluminium main line conductors. 0.022 in2 HDC and 0.025 in2 cu.eq HDA services.

The Maximum Working Tension became:

0.1 in2 HDC - 1346 lbs (6kN) (FoS of 4.48)

0.1in2 cu.eq HDA - 1346 lbs (6kN) (FoS of 2.67)

0.05 in2 HDC - 1000 lbs (4.45kN) (FoS of 2.85)

0.05in2 cu.eq HDA - 931 lbs (4.2kN) (FoS of 2.0)

Not all Electricity Boards adopted the higher MWT and some retained the 1000lb MWT limit for all conductors.

5.4.4.3 ESI 43-30: 1979 (later ENATS 43-30: 1981)

This standard replaced BEBS L1 and introduced metric equivalent conductors: 32mm2 & 70mm2 Hard Drawn Copper, 50mm2 & 100mm2 Hard Drawn Aluminium. Note that these conductors are identical to the 0.05in2 and 0.1in2 HDA and HDC conductors. Maximum Working Tensions remained the same as BEBS L1.

32mm2 3/3.75mm HDC = 0.05 in2 3/0.147in HDC

70mm2 7/3.55mm HDC = 0.1 in2 7/0.140in HDC

50mm2 7/3.10mm HDA = 0.05 in2 cu.eq 7/0.122in HDA (code name - Ant)

100mm2 7/4.39mm HDA = 0.01 in2 cu.eq 7/0.173in HDA (code name - Wasp)

5.4.4.4 Southern Power Networks (formerly SEEBoard)

The SPN LV Overhead Line standard is based on ENATS 43-30.

However the MWT than normal for the copper conductors is higher. Also there is a design for a 125mm2 (0.2in2) HDC line. The differences are:

HDCConductor MWTENATS43-30 MWTSPN

32mm2 HDC 4.45kN (1000 lbs) 4.90 kN (1110 lbs)

70mm2 HDC 6.00kN (1346 lbs) 8.30 kN (1860 lbs)

125mm2 HDC N/A 8.33 kN (1869 lbs)

The 50mm2 & 100mm2 HDA designs run at the same tensions as ENATS 43-30.


5.4.5 DesignData-ABCStandards

5.4.5.1 ENATS 43-12

Most Open Wire Overhead Lines are designed to limit the Maximum Working Tension to a value of around 6kN per conductor. This is a compromise between the practicalities of installing stays and the need to maintain ground clearance bearing in mind that the lowest conductor on a 4 wire line is 1.2m below the pole top. Even so, 4 wires x 6kN results in total force of 24kN at terminal poles.

The design of ABC is very different. Because all four conductors form a single bundle an additional 1.2m ground clearance is already gained. This allows the ABC to be run at a lower tension whilst still maintaining ground clearance. Furthermore, it is undesirable to run ABC at high tension because it makes it difficult to separate the cores at service positions to install IPCs.

In ENATS 43-12 the Maximum Working Tensions for 2 core and 4 core 50mm2 , 70mm2 & 95mm2 ABC have been adjusted so that the sags are identical for all sizes. Although not included in ENATS 43-12, 120mm2 ABC can also be erected to run at the same sag as 50/70/95mm2 ABC allowing it to be installed on the same height poles.

ABC MWTs are:

4/50 ABC 7.3kN / 743kgf / 1635lbs

4/70 ABC 9.0kN / 922kgf / 2027lbs

4/95 ABC 11.3kN / 1156kgf / 2543lbs

4/120 ABC 13.2kN / 1345kgf / 2958lbs

When trying to balance Open Wire with ABC the first thing to recognise is that even 120 ABC (13.2kN) will not balance 4 x 50mm2 HDA (4x4.2= 16.8kN) let alone 100mm2 HDA (4x6=24kN).

When balancing against Open Wire the ABC will need to reach higher values of MWT. Section 5.5.2.3 provides information about permissible tensions.

5.4.5.2 SPN ABC Standards

The SPN ABC Manual is based on ENATS 43-12.

However, Maximum Working Tensions have been set lower.

The sag chartshavenotbeenaligned and so the sags of 50 ABC and 95 ABC arenotidentical.

When inserting into or extending SPN ABC lines reference must be made to the UKPN “Overhead Line Historic Data. Section 3 LV Lines and Services”.

5.4.5.3 EPN ABC Standards

The EPN ABC Manual is based on ENATS 43-12. However, Maximum Working Tensions have been set lower. The sag charts havebeenaligned and so the sags of 50 ABC and 95 ABC areidentical.

When inserting into or extending EPN ABC lines reference must be made to the UKPN “Overhead Line Historic Data. Section 3 LV Lines and Services”.


5.4.6 SpanLengths

5.4.6.1 Basic, Maximum and Recommendation Spans

For most legacy LV Open Wire Overhead Lines:

Basic/ Recommended Span is 50m

Maximum Span is 60m (50m +20%)

The limiting factor for the maximum span is conductor clashing.

For LV ABC Lines:

Basic/ Recommended Spans are:

Main Lines 50, 70, 95 and 120 ABC – 50m

Service Lines 25 and 35 between ABC – 70m

Service Lines 25 and 35 ABC attached to buildings – 30m

Maximum Spans are:

Main Lines 50, 70, 95 and 120 ABC – 90m

Service Lines 25 and 35 ABC between poles – 70m

Service Lines 25 and 35 ABC attached to buildings – 30m

As there are no clashing problems with ABC the maximum span can be raised to 90m. This is for occasional spans only. The majority must be within 50m +/- 10m.

For lines in villages the span length will rarely exceed 60m. Conductor replacement by ABC presents no special problems. Whilst ABC sags more than Open Wire and extra 1.2m of ground clearance is obtained by installing the ABC at the top conductor position. Usually this will result in the same ground clearance as the neutral conductor of the Open Wire System. However, final clearance should be checked especially if an occasional span of over 60m is used.

Care needs to be taken where Open Wire Lines run along roads or across country for long distances. The average span lengths may be up to 70m or more. Often the insulators will be spaced at 450mm instead of 300mm and staggered each side of the pole to reduce clashing. Be aware that these lines may have been erected to sag/tension charts calculated from a longer basic span (possibly of 60, 70, 80, or 90m). The Open Wire Sags will be much less than for a 50m basic span. If re-strung with ABC at normal tensions then ground clearance may be significantly reduced. Appendix H.11 provides sag/tension charts for 50m and 70m basic spans for ABC.

See Appendix G.1 “Basic, Equivalent, Recommended Spans Explained” for more information.

5.4.6.2 Wind Loading Spans

The Wind Loading Span is half the sum the span lengths either side of an in-line pole. For example: a pole with a 40m span on one side and a 60m span on the other has a Wind Loading Span of:

(40+60)/2 = 50m

Cross wind acts on these conductors and results in a force at pole top which acts to bend the pole and to cause it to lean by moving its foundation.

On LV lines the design capability of the pole and foundation to withstand this overturning force is based on a 50mph wind and 4.75mm of radial ice around the conductor. The force on each ice loaded conductor is called the Maximum Condcutor Pressure (MCP) and is stated in kgf/m length of conductor.

Appendix C “Table of Conductor Mechanical Data” provides MCP values for each size of conductor and ABC. This can be used to calculate the pole top wind loading:


e.g.

0.05 in2 (32mm2 ) HDC has an MCP of 0.68 kgf/m per conductor.

On a 4 wire line with 50m wind span the total force is 4 x 0.68 x 50 = 136 kgf.

120 ABC has an MCP of 1.996 kgf/m for the entire bundle

On a 50m wind span the total force is 1.996 x 50 = 99.8 kgf.

Therefore if 120 ABC is used to replace 0.05in2 HDC the wind loading stress will still be less than the original Open Wires (providing the line was designed correctly). If this needs to be verified then Appendix F.1 “Pole Wind Loading Strengths” provides the Safe Working Load (SWL) for every size of pole.

The following sizes of Open Wire can be replaced by ABC without increasing the wind loading on the pole or foundations.

OpenWireLineTotalMaximumConductor

PressureMCP

MaxsizeofABCwithoutexceedingthewindloadingoftheoriginalline

ABCMCP

NoofWires

Kgf/m Kgf/m

0.022 in2 22mm2 HDA Midge 1 0.61

0.025 in2 25mm2 HDA Gnat 2 1.22 2 x 35 0.99

0.025 in2 16mm2 HDC 3 1.83 2 x 95 4 x 50 1.64 / 1.51

4 2.44 4 x 120 1.99

0.05 in2 50mm2 HDA Ant 1 0.73

0.05 in2 32mm2 HDC 2 1.46 2 x 50 1.33

0.075 in2 50mm2 HDC 3 2.19 4 x 120 1.99

4 2.92 4 x 120 1.99

0.1 in2 70mm2 HDC 1 0.77

2 1.54 2 x 50 1.33

3 2.31 4 x 120 1.99

4 3.08 4 x 120 1.99

0.1 in2 100mm2 HDA Wasp 1 0.88

2 1.76 2 x 95 4 x 50 1.64 / 1.51

3 2.64 4 x 120 1.99

4 3.52 4 x 120 1.99

0.15 in2 100mm2 HDC 1 0.86

2 1.72 2 x 95 4 x 50 1.64 / 1.51

3 2.58 4 x 120 1.99

4 3.44 4 x 120 double cct - check poles 3.98

0.15 in2 150mm2 HDA Hornet 1 1.0

2 2.0 4 x 120 1.99

3 3.0 4 x 120 1.99

4 4.0 4 x 120 double cct 3.98

0.2 in2 125mm2 HDC 1 0.93

2 1.86 4 x 95 1.88

3 2.79 4 x 120 1.99

4 3.72 4 x 120 double cct - check poles 3.98


The stays and poles sizes of terminal and angle poles are based on the Maximum Working Tension of ice loaded conductors including the iced conductor weight and wind pressure. In BEBS L1 and ENATS 43-30 these have been calculated for a number of stay angles, and line deviation angles for the standard conductors.

Appendix E “Stays” shows how these calculations are carried out and enables the stays and pole loading to be worked out for all conductor sizes including 2,3,4 and 5 wire lines.

However, calculation is not necessary most of the time because 4 wire lines run at a higher MWT than ABC.

e.g.

4 wire 50 HDA or 32 HDC line has a MWT of 4 x 445kgf = 1780kgf.

120 ABC has a MWT of 1345kgf for all 4 cores.

Therefore a properly designed 4 wire copper or aluminium line can normally be re-strung with up to 120 ABC without exceeding the strength of the original stays and the pole loadings of angle and terminal poles.

Care is needed when replacing 2 wire conductors with 4 core ABC:

2 wire 50 HDA and 32 HDC has a MWT of 2 x 445kgf = 890kgf

50 ABC has a MWT of 734kgf and could be used as a replacement.

If 95 ABC were to be used (MWT = 1156kgf) then terminal and angle poles may need changing and stays uprating.


OpenWireLine

TotalMWT MaxsizeofABCwithoutchangingstaysandangle/terminalpoles

ABCMWT

NoofWires kgf kgf

0.022 in2 22mm2 HDA Midge

0.025 in2 25mm2 HDA Gnat

0.025 in2 16mm2 HDC

1 203

2 406 2 x 35 272

3 610 4 x 35 418

4 812 4 x 35 418

0.05 in2 50 mm2 HDA Ant

0.05 in2 32mm2 HDC

0.075 in2 50mm2 HDC

1 423

2 846 2 x 95 or 4 x 50 721 / 743

3 1270 4 x 95 1156

4 1692 4 x 120 1344

0.1 in2 HDC pre 1962

0.15 in2 HDC pre 1962

0.2 in2 HDC pre 1962

1 455

2 910 4 x 50 743

3 1365 4 x 120 1344

4 1820 4 x 120 1344

0.1 in2 70mm2 HDC post 1962

0.1 in2 100mm2 HDA Wasp

0.15 in2 150mm2 HDA Hornet

1 612

2 1227 4 x 95 1156

3 1836 4 x 120 1344

4 2448 4 x 120 1344

0.15 in2 100mm2 HDC SPN

1 850

2 1700 4 x 120 1344

3 2550 4 x 120 1344

4 3400 4 x 120 1344

0.15 in2 100mm2 HDC

0.15 in2 150mm2 HDA Hornet

0.2 in2 125mm2 HDC

1 612

2 1227

3 1836

4 2448

4 x 120 double cct

- Increase poles and

stays

2688


5.5.1 GeneralPracticeAll work should be carried out according to this Manual. There will be situations found in the field that are not covered specifically by the solutions provided. Good engineering judgment should be exercised making use of the data and calculation methods provided to resolve individual challenges.

5.5.2 DesignConsiderationswhenIntegratingABCwithExistingLines

5.5.2.1 Matching the Electrical Rating of Existing Line

There are three electrical considerations:

• 1. Current rating

• 2. Resistance

• 3. Impedance

CurrentRating

The current ratings of ABC are much lower than the equivalent size Open Wire ratings because of the mutual heating effect of the four cores in the bundle. However, in most LV networks it is voltage drop and earth fault loop impedance that are the limiting factors. Normally it is only necessary to match the resistance or impedance unless the Open Wire line is known to carry a high load.

Resistance

The resistance effects the voltage drop due to load and so the replacement ABC should not have a higher resistance than the Open Wire conductor it replaces. Note that ABC sizes are defined according to European conventions and do not directly match to UK sizes. e.g. 95 ABC has an actual cross sectional area of 90mm2 whereas 100mm2 HDA has an actual area of 106mm2. When comparing ABC with Open Wire lines it is convenient to consider the ‘copper equivalent’ sizes. See table 5.5.2.1.

Impedance

The Wiring Regulations BS7671 requires the protection of customer’s wiring to operate within a certain time for earth faults. The time to operate the protection is dependent on the Earth Fault Loop Impedance at the incoming supply (Ze) together with the impedance of the internal wiring. Also the speed that distribution transformer LV fuses operate depends on the network loop impedance. When replacing Open Wire conductors it is important that the line impedance is not increased because this will result in slower fuse clearance times or no operation at all. Fortunately the reactance of ABC is much lower than Open Wire because the cores are very close together. Replacing Open Wire with ABC of a similar resistance will always result in a lower Earth Fault Loop Impedance.

5.5 CONSTRUCTION INFORMATION

5.5.1 GeneralPractice 11

5.5.2 DesignConsiderationswhenIntegratingABCwithExistingLines 11

5.5.3 BindinginandTerminationOpenWireEarthing 15

5.5.4 PermanentShroudingforESQCCompliance 15


Table5.5.2.1MatchingElectricalRatings

Conductornominalsize CopperEquivalent

mm2

WinterRatingAmps

ResistanceΩ/km

ImpedanceΩ/km

RecommendedABCreplacement

0.2 in2 / 125mm2 HDC 129 465 0.139 0.32 4 x 120 ABC

Line will be de-rated

Volt drop will increase

0.15 in2 / 100mm2 HDC 97 385 0.183 0.34

150 mm2 HDA Hornet 97 419 0.183 0.35

0.1 in2 / 70mm2 HDC 66 296 0.272 0.44 x 120 ABC

100 mm2 HDA Wasp 65 322 0270 0.4

0.05 in2 / 32mm2 HDC 33 194 0.541 0.624 x 95 ABC

50 mm2 HDA Ant 32 204 0.542 0.62

0.025 in2 / 16mm2 HDC 16 124 1.083 1.044 x 35 ABC

25 mm2 HDA Gnat 16 131 1.068 1.11

4 x 120 ABC 70 327 0.253 0.26

4 x 95 ABC 55 260 0.32 0.33

4 x 50 ABC 27 163 0.641 0.65

4 x 35 ABC 20 124 0.868 0.87

Appendix D (Conductor Electrical Data) contains comprehensive electrical data for most conductors on the system

Appendix A (Conductor Sizes Explained) has more information on conductor size conventions

5.5.2.2 Determining Maximum Working Tension of Existing Line

Section 5.4.4 covered the various design Maximum Working Tensions that have been used in legacy LV Overhead Line standards. It is possible to gauge a line’s MWT from the date marked on the older poles and therefore the design standard it was built to. However, many lines were built to a lower MWT because of difficulties installing stays. It is possible to measure the sag, span length and conductor temperature and then calculate the MWT using the ENATS 43-40 spreadsheet. This is not really a practical option for most projects.

Appendix 5B (Summary of Conductor Maximum Working Tensions) list the data for most LV conductors found on the system together with EPN and SPN variations.

This can be used as a starting point for estimating the MWT on a particular line.

5.5.2.3 Balancing Existing Open Wire Lines Against ABC

Where ABC is to be inserted into or used to extend or divert an Open Wire Line then ideally out of balance stays should be installed. Normally this will be against the Open Wire which runs at higher tension than ABC. However, where this is not possible due to lack of space for stays the ABC will have to balance the Open Wire.

It is permissible to run ABC at tensions up to 50% of UTS. The anchor clamps are tested up to 85% of UTS. When balancing ABC against Open Wire Overhead Lines the following MWTs are permitted:

4/35 ABC 11.2kN / 1141 kgf / 2510 lbs

4/50 ABC 15.2 kN / 1549kgf / 3409 lbs

4/70 ABC 22.0 kN / 2243kgf / 4934 lbs

4/95 ABC 30.6 kN / 3119kgf / 6862 lbs

4/120 ABC 39.7 kN / 4045kgf / 8900 lbs

Note that at these tensions it will be difficult to open up the cores to install IPCs. If service connections are required it may be prudent to connect some 50mm ABC tails to the bundle at service positions before applying full tension. The service box can be installed to connect multiple series or single services can be connected directly to the tails.


Table5.5.2.3MatchingMechanicalLoads

ConductornominalsizeDesignMWTRange TotalTensionin4Wires Recommended

ABCReplacementkN kgf kN kgf

0.2 in2 / 125mm2 HDC4.5

8.3 SPN455

850 SPN18

33.318203400

4 x 120 ABC0.15 in2 / 100mm2 HDC 4.5 455 18 1820

150mm2 HDA Hornet 6.0 612 24 2448

0.1 in2 / 70mm2 HDC4.5

6.0 EPN8.3 SPN

455612 EPN846 SPN

182433

182024483384 4 x 120 ABC

100mm2 HDA Wasp 6.0 612 24 2448

0.05 in2 / 32mm2 HDC4.5

4.9 SPN455

504 SPN1820

18202016

4 x 95 ABC

50mm2 HDA Ant4.4 EPN4.1 SPN

444 EPN422 SPN

17.616.4

17661688

0.025 in2 / 16mm2 HDC3.3

2.2 EPN2.8 SPN

336220 EPN285 SPN

13.28.8

11.2

1344880

1140

4 x 50 ABC4 x 35 ABC4 x 35 ABC

25mm2 HDA Gnat 2.2 220 8.8 880 4 x 35 ABC

ABC Max Permitted Tension

4 x 120 ABC 13.2 1345 39.7 4045

4 x 95 ABC 6.8 - 11.3 693 - 1156 30.6 3120

4 x 50 ABC4.5 SPN5.4 EPN

7.3 ENATS

462 SPN547 EPN

743 ENATS15.2 1549

4 x 35 ABC3.8 UKPN5.5 ENATS

390 UKPN557 ENATS

11.2 1141

Appendix B (Conductor Maximum Working Tensions) contains comprehensive data for most conductors on the system

5.5.2.4 Terminating Open Wire Lines

Where spans of an Open Wire Line are removed to shorten the line then an existing intermediate pole may be changed to a terminal pole provided it has sufficient strength and is in sound condition. The height and circumference should be measured and reference made to Appendix F.2 “Pole Load Strengths” to determine the pole loading capability in kgf.

Then refer to Appendix E.6 “Stay and Pole Loads for Legacy Open Wire Lines” The Terminal pole and stay loading in kgf for the proposed stay angle should be noted.

Provided the pole’s loading strength is greater than the value obtained from E.5 then the pole may be converted to a terminal pole. If not then it must be changed to one of a suitable diameter.

The stay loading obtained from E.5 "Out of Balance Stay and Pole Loads for ABC at Wire Tension" should be used to determine the number and Type of stays from Appendix E.1 "Strength of Stay Assemblies".


5.5.2.5 Inserting / Extending ABC Spans into Open Wire Lines

Method1:OutofBalanceStays

When inserting a section of ABC or extending a line from an existing Open Wire Line then out of balance stays should be installed against the Open Wire Line.

The height and circumference of the out of balance pole(s) should be measured and reference made to Appendix F.2 “Pole Load Strengths” to determine the pole loading capability in kgf.

Refer to Appendix E.5 “Stay and Pole Loads for ABC Out of Balance Stays” to obtain the pole and stay loading at the out of balance pole(s). Provided the pole’s loading strength is greater than the value obtained from Appendix E.5 then the pole may be converted to a terminal pole. If not then it must be changed to one of a suitable diameter.

The stay loading obtained from Appendix E.5 should be used to determine the number and Type of stays from Appendix E.1.

Method2:ABCatOpenWireTension

Sometimes it is not possible to obtain sufficient room for out of balance pole(s). In this case it is permissible to increase the tension of the ABC to balance the Open Wire Line.

Feasible combinations of ABC and Open Wire sizes are listed in Table 5.5.2.3

Where the ABC runs at Open Wire tensions the stay and pole loading will be higher than normal. Refer to Appendix E.4 “Stay and Pole Loads for ABC at Open Wire Tension”

5.5.2.6 Diverting Open Wire Lines with ABC

Method1–SeparateterminationofABCandOpenWire.

The most straightforward method of diverting an Open Wire Line is to terminate it with stays directly against the Open Wire line. The ABC diversion is then be removed from this pole and provided with its own set of stays. The ABC should be run at normal tension.

The stay loading for each line can be determined from Appendix:

E.3 “Stay and Pole Loadings for ABC at Normal Tension”

E.6 “Stay and Pole Loads for legacy Open Wire Lines”

The pole loading for the Open Wire should be used from Appendix E.6. “Stay and Pole Loads for legacy Open Wire Lines”

It is permissible to convert an existing intermediate pole to an angle pole provided it has sufficient strength and is in sound condition. The height and circumference should be measured and reference made to Appendix F.2 “Pole Load Strengths” to determine the pole loading capability in kgf.

Provided the pole’s loading strength is greater than the value obtained from Appendix E.5 then the pole may be converted to a terminal pole. If not then it must be changed to one of a suitable diameter.

Method2ABCatOpenWireTension

Sometimes it is not possible to obtain sufficient room to separately stay the Open Wire and the ABC. In this case it is permissible to increase the tension of the ABC to balance the Open Wire Line and install one set of stays to split the angle as for a normal angle pole.

Feasible combinations of ABC and Open Wire sizes are listed in Table 5.5.2.3

Refer to Appendix E.4 “Stay and Pole Loads for ABC at Open Wire Tension” to obtain stay and pole loadings.


It is permissible to convert an existing intermediate pole to an angle pole provided it has sufficient strength and is in sound condition. The height and circumference should be measured and reference made to Appendix F.2 “Pole Load Strengths” to determine the pole loading capability in kgf.

Provided the pole’s loading strength is greater than the value obtained from Appendix E.5 "Out of Balance Stay and Pole Loads for ABC at Wire Tension" then the pole may be converted to a terminal pole. If not then it must be changed to one of a suitable diameter.

5.5.2.7 Replacing Open Wire Lines with ABC

Replacement of Open Wire Lines with ABC is usually straight forward as the wind loading and normal tensions are lower than most Open Wire Lines. The position of the ABC, at the top conductor, means an additional 1.2m of ground clearance is obtained which usually compensates for the greater sag of ABC.

Appendix D “Table of Conductor Mechanical Data” provides the Maximum Conductor Pressure MCP per metre for all conductors. Multiplying this value by the windspan length to provide the wind loading in kgf on the pole.

Appendix .F.1 “Pole Wind Loading Strengths” can be used to look up the Safe Working Load of a pole from dimensions measured on site. This can be used to decide if an existing intermediate pole is strong enough to support the ABC.

Appendix E.3 “ Stay and Pole Loads for ABC at Normal Tension” can be used to look up the stay and pole loadings for terminal and angle poles and with stays at different spreads. This can be used to decide if an existing angle pole and stay is strong enough to support the ABC.

5.5.3 BindinginandTerminatingOpenWirePreformed helical ties and splices are available for the following conductor size only:

Copper - 0.05in2 / 32mm2 , 0.1in2 / 70 mm2 HDC

Aluminium - 0.05in2 / 50mm2 Ant, 0.1in2 / 100 mm2 HDA Wasp

Hand bound ties and binders may be used for all sizes of conductor as shown in Appendix I.2 "Terminations and Ties for Open Wire Conductors".

5.5.4 PermanentShroudingforESQCComplianceThis shrouding shall be installed to mitigate the risk of person/s from coming into accidental contact with live Low Voltage bare conductors passing near to climbable trees, building clearances and street lighting clearances at sites that do not comply with ENA TS 43-08 and ESQCR. It shall only be installed by personnel that are authorised to work live on UK Power Networks’ LV overhead network and have received installation training.

Shrouding shall only be applied to un-damaged conductors in good condition.

Shrouding shall be applied to live conductors following an On Site Point of Work risk assessment.

A cable tie shall be applied to the bare conductor at either end of the shrouding to prevent it moving along the conductor. If a cable tie can only be applied at one end of the shrouding, additional shrouding shall be applied along the line until the end of the shrouding is butted up against a fitting or other line components that prevents the shrouding sliding along the line.

If mid-span joints are present, a larger size of shrouding (option of larger size 21mm is available for this application) shall be used to cover these areas overlapping the shrouding on the conductor.

The Insuline shrouding is applied to the bare LV overhead line conductors to effectively insulate the line and is designed to remain in-place for the remaining life of the asset.

Manufacturer’s guidance on how to apply the shrouding can be found in Appendix J.

This shrouding relates to EAS 01-0026 - Overhead Line Permanent Shrouding.


Additionalinstallationprecautions

The shrouding can become brittle in very cold weather conditions, (temperature range not specified). Installation in these conditions will be at the discretion of the Linesman with extra care taken on application by applying the shrouding as trained, to avoid the shrouding fracturing.

Also, in conditions where the overhead line conductors are slack (i.e. not under full tension), to avoid excessive movement of the conductors during application, a short duration planned shutdown shall be considered.

TemporaryShrouding

Insuline Shrouding is not designed for third party temporary works for temporary application and shall not be used for this purpose. Temporary shrouding is designed to provide a visible and physical protection during third party works in the close proximity to the line and is to be used for this type of application.

SizesofShrouding

The tables below give guidance on the size of Insuline to be used for different conductor sizes.

ConductorSizesHardDrawnCopper InsulineDiametertobeUsed InsulineWeightperMetre

16mm2 HD Copper 10mm 28g

32mm2 HD Copper 10mm 28g

50mm2 HD Copper* 10mm (3 lengths maximum) 28g

70mm2HD Copper 17mm 54g

100mm2 HD Copper* 17mm (3 lengths maximum) 54g

ConductorSizesHardDrawnCopper InsulineDiametertobeUsed InsulineWeightperMetre

15mm2 AAC 10mm 28g

25mm2 AAC 10mm 28g

35mm2 AAC 10mm 28g

50mm2 AAC 10mm 28g

70mm2 AAC* 10mm (3 lengths maximum) 28g

90mm2 AAC 17mm 54g

100mm2 AAC* 17mm (3 lengths maximum) 54g

* Due to the friction of the shrouding against the largest size conductor for the given diameter, only three lengths can be installed in one application.

In some cases it may be necessary for the shrouding to be installed from two directions to achieve the required length of shrouded conductor.

UKPNStoresCodesofShroudingandApplicationTools

32049M Shroud LV Insuline 10mm 3 MTR BLACK

32048C Shroud LV Insuline 17mm 3 MTR BLACK

32051S Shroud LV Insuline 21mm 3 MTR BLACK

32053M Application tool for Insuline LV shroud 10mm

32052C Application tool for Insuline LV shroud 17mm

32054V Application tool for Insuline LV shroud 21mm


MitigatingESQCRRiskbyInstallingShrouding

The application of this type of permanent shrouding makes the bare conductor ‘Effectively Insulated’ as defined in ENATS 43-08. The following principles shall be adhered to when installing this shrouding:

• The minimum clearance of an infringement adjacent to the overhead line must be greater than 3.0 metres from a pole position. If it is not, shrouding cannot be installed and Aerial Bundled Conductor (ABC) shall be installed or engineered out through removal of the overhead line.

• In the case of climbable trees and building infringements, the overhead line shall be shrouded 3.0 metres either side of the outer extremities of the non-compliance. For street lights the overhead line shall be shrouded as above if the line passes behind the street lighting column, and for the entire span if passing in front of the column.

• All conductors shall be shrouded within the criteria set out above.

Typical installation scenarios are shown in Appendix K "Typical Installtion Scenarios".

LoggingtheInstallationofESQCShrouding

The installation of the shrouding shall be registered on the UK Power Networks Asset Register Amendment Form (EDS 12 202F - Pole Type Form) and sent to the UK Power Networks ART (Asset Registration Team) so the installation of the shrouding is logged in Ellipse (UK Power Networks Asset Register).

Netmap (UK Power Networks dedicated GIS record system) cable records should be annotated to record the section of overhead line conductor as changed from bare to covered conductor.

The ESQCR clearance defect should be cleared by the UK Power Networks ART team when the form is processed.


Overhead line conductor sizes are based on several different standards which makes comparisons between sizes difficult.

The main standards in use are:

• Standard Wire Gauge (SWG) : single strand.

• Imperial Copper sizes.

• Metric Copper sizes.

• Imperial Aluminium sizes.

• Metric Aluminium sizes (UK).

• Metric Aluminium sizes (European).

StandardWireGauge(SWG)

The first overhead lines were used by the telegraph industry and used solid copper wires. The sizes were numbered according to the Standard Wire Gauge developed during the industrial revolution. The first electric overhead lines used the larger sizes of telegraph conductors. Typical sizes were:

SWG dia(ins) sq(ins) dia(mm) sq(mm)

3/0 0.372 0.109 9.4 70.1

2/0 0.348 0.095 8.8 61.4

1/0 0.324 0.082 8.2 53.2

1 0.300 0.071 7.6 45.6

4 0.232 0.042 5.9 27.3

6 0.192 0.029 4.9 18.7

Many of these conductors still exist on the network today.

The easiest way to compare with modern conductors is to look at the sq.mm value and to compare this with a metric stranded copper conductor. A 3/0 SWG (pronounced three oughts) is electrically similar to a 70mm2 stranded copper conductor. However the other sizes have no direct equivalent stranded copper conductors.

Also note that solid copper conductors have a slightly lower current rating than stranded conductors of the same cross sectional area. This is because the circumference of a solid conductor is smaller than a stranded conductor and is less able to loose heat.

On Overhead Line records Imperial sizes are often shown as No 6 , No 4, 2/0 or 3/0 etc with no mention of conductor material or units (Cu, Al, in2 or mm2) and the standard assumption is that it is SWG copper.

ImperialCopperSizes

Stranded Hard Drawn Copper (HDC) conductors were originally sized by their cross sectional area measured on square inches (in2 ). Some sizes were made up of strands based on the SWG sizes but the strand sizes were eventually adjusted so that the finished conductor has a cross sectional area specific size when rounded up to 2 or 3 decimal places.

APPENDIX A – CONDUCTOR SIZES EXPLAINED


e.g.

7/0.0843 inch HDA: 7 strands of 0.0843 inch diameter.

Where 'd' is the strand diameter and 'N' is the number of strands.

Common sizes include:

0.0225, 0.025, 0.04, 0.05, 0.06, 0.075, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2in2

Appendix D "Table of Conductor Electrical Data" has 14 of the most common imperial HDA sizes found

on the network. However, over 40 sizes can be found in old standards documents.

On Overhead Line records Imperial sizes are just shown 0.04, 0.1 or 0.15 etc with no mention of conductor material or units (Cu, Al, in2 or mm2) and the standard assumption is that it is imperial copper.

MetricCopperSizes

When metric sizes were introduced the actual size of the strands remained the same but were quoted in mm. However, the Cross Sectional Area does not always work out as a convenient whole number.

eg.

7/0.136 inch (0.1 in2) now becomes 7/3.45mm

Therefore, although 0.1in2 and 70mm2 are exactly the same conductor with the same resistance, the 0.1in2 is an actual size and the 70mm2 is a nominal size.

On Overhead Line records Imperial copper sizes are often shown as 35, 50, 70 or 100 etc with no

mention of conductor material or units (Cu, Al, in2 or mm2) and the standard assumption is that it is metric copper. Sometimes it may have the suffix HDC meaning Hard Drawn Copper.

ImperialAluminiumSizes

When aluminium conductors were introduced most engineers and linesmen were already familiar with copper sizes and new what size to use for each application. Therefore instead of quoting the aluminium conductors actual CSA (Cross Sectional Area) the manufacturers quoted the equivalent size of the copper conductor it replaced.

Consider 7/0.173 inch HDA conductor. This is called a 0.1cu eq Hard Drawn Aluminium conductor. (sometimes shortened to 0.1 eq ).

However, its actual cross sectional area =

However, aluminium has a higher resistance per in2 than copper so it needs to be bigger to get the same resistance.

7/0.136 inch HDC (0.1 in2) copper has a resistance of 0.289 Ω/km

7/0.173 inch HDA (0.1cu eq) aluminium has a resistance of 0.270 Ω/km


The two conductors are therefore electrically interchangeable. Also, because aluminium is lighter a 0.1 cu eq aluminium conductor can be used to replace a 0.1 copper conductor. Apart from a slight increase in wind loading (0.1 cu eq HDA has a diameter of 0.52 in compared the 0.41 in diameter of 0.1 HDC Cu ) all other mechanical aspects are less onerous.

On Overhead Line records Imperial aluminium sizes are often shown as 0.04 eq, 0.075 eq, 0.1 eq etc with no mention of conductor material or units (Cu, Al, in2 or mm2) and the standard assumption is that it is imperial aluminium quoted as its copper equivalent. Sometimes the suffix may say cu.eq and may include HDA meaning Hard Drawn Aluminium.

MetricAluminiumSizes(UK)

When aluminium metric sizes were introduced the actual size of the strands remained the same but were now quoted in mm. Again, as with the metric copper conductors, the Cross Sectional Area does not always work out as a convenient whole number.

e.g.

Consider the 7/0.173 inch HDA 0.1 cu eq Hard Drawn Aluminium conductor which now becomes 7/4.39mm. Also it now became known as AAC (All Aluminium Conductor) in standards documents.

By lucky coincidence this makes the conversion from imperial cu.eq size to nominal metric sizes straight forward by just moving a decimal point:

0.0225cu.eq = 25mm2 AAC

0.5cu.eq = 50mm2 AAC

0.15cu.eq = 150mm2 AAC

This is also true for ACSR (Aluminium Core Steel Reinforced) and AAAC (Triple AC, All Aluminium Alloy Conductor). The actual cross sectional areas will be different but all the nominal sizes will have the same resistance and can be traced back to an imperial cu.eq size and ten an imperial copper size.

On Overhead Line records metric aluminium sizes are often shown as 100 AL, 75 AL, 50AL. They may also be shown with their conductor type: 100 ACSR or 100 AAAC or 100 AAC.

Some records will show ACSR as SCA (Steel Cored Aluminium) often for imperial cu.eq sizes (0.15 SCA will be the same as 150 ACSR)

Likewise the term AAC and HDA will be used for the same conductor.

Manufacturer’s aluminium conductor data table usually contain a column with Copper Equivalent Area allowing the user to trace the size back to its imperial copper origin.


UKCodeNames

There is a wide range of aluminium conductors, not only in terms of nominal size, but also of stranding variations. There are AAC, AAAC, ACSR variations of 150mm2 nominal size conductor and there can be different numbers and sizes of strands particularly with ACSR.

To avoid confusion each conductor is given in code in British Standards named after:

Insects: AAC –25 Gnat, 50 Ant, 100 Wasp, 150 Hornet

Trees: AAAC –25 Almond, 50 Hazel, 100 Oak, 150 Ash

Mammals: ACSR – 25 Gopher, 50 Rabbit, 100 Dog, 150 Dingo, 150 Wolf

Note that there are two variations of 150 ACSR. 150 Dingo has one strand of steel the same size as the aluminium strands and has a UTS of 36kN for use on wood poles. Wolf has seven strands of steel and has a UTS of 70kN for use on tower lines. The code names help stop confusion. Code names are also used in USA and Canadian standards but not in European.

MetricAluminiumsizes(European)

European sizes do not come from an imperial feet and inches legacy and so the concept of copper equivalent is not used.

Instead the calculated Cross Sectional Area is used and rounded to the nearest 5mm2.

Typical European sizes are:

Size Stranding ActualCSA

50 AAAC 7/3.0mm 49.8mm2

95 AAAC 19/2.5mm 93.27mm2

120 AAAC 19/2.8mm 117.0mm2

185 AAAC 37/2.5mm 181.6mm2

Aerial Bundled Conductor (ABC) and Covered Conductor (CC, BLX, BLL, SAX) are all made to European standards and are not directly comparable with UK nominal sizes.

You may notice that we use 50, 120, 185 sizes. But UK size bare conductors are 50, 100 and 150mm which would appear to be a mismatch. However, the UK sizes are nominal size based on copper equivalents and have a larger CSA than their nominal size.

The equivalent European to UK sizes are:

EuropeanSize CSAmm2ReistanceΩ/km

EquivalentUKSize CSAmm2ReistanceΩ/km

50 ABC 45 0.64 40 AAC Ladybird 43 0.67

50 AAC Ant 53 0.54

95 ABC 93 0.32 80 AAC Grasshopper 81 0.30

120 ABC 114 0.25 100 AAC Wasp 106 0.27

50 CC 48.4 0.69 40 AAAC Fir 48 0.69

50 AAAC Hazel 60 0.55

120 CC 117 0.29 100 AAAC Oak 119 0.28

185 CC 182 0.18 150 AAAC Ash 181 0.18

240 CC 243 0.14 200 AAAC Poplar 240 0.14


APPENDIX B – SUMMARY OF CONDUCTOR MAXIMUM WORKING TENSIONS

ins2 mm2 SWG Inches mm kN kgf lbs FoS kN kgf lbs FoS kN kgf lbs FoS0.03 20 mm2 No 6 1/0.192 1/4.877 3.9 393 865 2.00 0.04 25 mm2 No 4 1/0.232 1/5.893 4.5 455 1000 2.47 0.07 No 1 1/0.300 1/7.62 4.5 455 1000 3.920.08 50 mm2 1/0 1/0.324 1/8.234 4.5 455 1000 4.49 0.1 60 mm2 2/0 1/0.348 1/8.839 4.5 455 1000 5.09 0.11 70 mm2 3/0 1/0.372 1/9.449 4.5 455 1000 5.67 0.0225 7/0.064 7/1.63 3.1 311 685 2.000.025 16 mm2 3/0.104 3/2.65 3.3 336 740 2.00 2.2 220 484 3.05 2.8 285 626 2.36

25 mm2 7/0.0843 7/2.14 4.5 455 1000 2.28 4.0 408 898 2.54 0.05 32 mm2 3/0.147 3/3.75 4.5 455 1000 2.85 4.45 455 1000 2.85 4.9 504 1109 2.57

35 mm2 7/0.098 7/2.50 4.5 455 1000 3.16 5.4 546 1202 2.637/0.104 7/2.64 4.5 455 1000 3.53

0.06 40 mm2 3/0.161 3/4.09 4.5 455 1000 3.49 0.075 50 mm2 3/0.180 3/4.57 4.5 455 1000 4.24 0.075 50 mm2 7/0.116 7/2.95 4.5 455 1000 4.34 0.1 70 mm2 7/0.136 7/3.45 4.5 455 1000 5.85 0.1 70 mm2 7/0.140 7/3.55 4.5 455 1000 6.03 6.0 612 1346 4.48 8.30 846 1860 3.240.15 100 mm2 7/0.166 7/4.22 4.5 455 1000 8.500.2 125 mm2 19/0.114 19/2.90 4.5 455 1000 10.84 8.33 850 1869 5.800.2 125 mm2 19/0.116 19/2.95 4.5 455 1000 11.57

ins2 mm2 Code Inches mm kN kgf lbs FoS kN kgf lbs FoS kN kgf lbs FoS kN kgf lbs FoS0.022 22 Midge 7/0.081 7/2.06 2.0 203 447 2.000.022 22 PVC Midge 7/0.081 7/2.06 2.0 203 447 2.000.025 25 Gnat 7/0.087 7/2.21 2.2 220 484 2.13 2.2 220 484 2.130.025 25 PVC Gnat 7/0.087 7/2.21 2.2 220 484 2.130.05 50 Ant 7/0.122 7/3.10 4.2 423 931 2.00 4.4 444 977 1.91 4.1 422 928 2.010.05 50 PVC Ant 7/0.122 7/3.10 4.2 423 931 2.00 4.4 444 977 1.91 4.1 422 928 2.010.1 100 Wasp 7/0.173 7/4.39 6.0 612 1346 2.67 6.0 612 1346 2.67 6.0 612 1346 2.670.1 100 pVC Wasp 7/0.173 7/4.39 6.0 612 1346 2.67 6.0 612 1346 2.67 6.0 612 1346 2.670.15 150 Hornet 19/0.128 19/3.25 6.0 612 1346 4.12 6.0 612 1346 4.12

No Cores mm2 kN kgf lbs FoS kN kgf lbs FoS kN kgf lbs FoS kN kgf lbs FoS kN kgf lbs FoS2 25 2.4 245 539 3.37 4.0 413 908 22 35 3.8 384 847 3.00 2.7 272 599 4.2 2.7 272 598 4.20 5.6 571 1257 22 50 4.7 483 1062 3.23 7.6 780 1715 22 70 5.7 585 1287 3.85 11.0 1122 2469 22 95 7.1 720 1583 4.33 7.1 721 1585 4.33 15.3 1560 3432 24 25 3.6 371 816 4.48 8.2 831 1829 24 35 4.5 457 1007 5.00 4.1 418 919 5.46 4.1 418 920 5.46 11.2 1141 2510 24 50 5.37 547 1206 5.67 4.5 462 1019 6.70 7.3 743 1634 4.17 15.2 1549 3408 24 70 9.0 922 2028 4.87 22.0 2244 4937 24 95 7.76 791 1743 7.89 6.8 693 1528 9.00 11.3 1156 2543 5.40 11.3 1156 2542 5.40 30.6 3120 6864 24 120 13.2 1345 2958 6.02 13.2 1344 2956 6.02 39.7 4045 8898 2

70m basic span

Maximum Working Tension BEBS L1 & 43‐30

Maximum Working Tension EPN Maximum Working Tension SPN

HARD DRAWN ALUMINIUM

HARD DRAWN COPPERMaximum Working

Tension SPNNominal size

Nominal size stranding

stranding Maximum Working

Tension Maximum Working

Tension BEBS L1 & 43‐30

Maximum Working Tension

1000lb limit

AERIAL BUNDLED CONDUCTOR (NOT SERVICES)

Nominal size Maximum Working Tension EPNMaximum Working

Tension SPN

Maximum Working Tension UKPN

Construction Manual Section 1

Maximum Working Tension ENATS 43‐12

Max Permisible loading to balance Bare LV Line (50% x

ENATS UTS)


APPENDIX C – TABLE OF CONDUCTOR MECHANICAL DATA

Weight *Ice Loaded Diametre

Wind Pressure MCP

Ice loaded Conductor weight MCW

ins2 mm2 SWG Inches mm ins2 mm2 Inches mm kg/m kN kgf lbs mm kgf/m kgf/m0.03 20 mm2 No 6 1/0.192 1/4.877 0.029 18.7 0.19 4.88 0.168 7.70 785 1730 14.4 0.54 0.290.04 25 mm2 No 4 1/0.232 1/5.893 0.042 27.1 0.23 5.89 0.244 11.00 1121 2471 15.4 0.6 0.390.07 No 1 1/0.300 1/7.62 0.071 45.8 0.30 7.62 0.412 17.50 1784 3932 17.1 0.66 0.580.08 50 mm2 1/0 1/0.324 1/8.234 0.082 52.9 0.32 8.23 0.476 20.00 2039 4493 17.7 0.69 0.650.1 60 mm2 2/0 1/0.348 1/8.839 0.095 61.3 0.35 8.84 0.552 22.70 2314 5100 18.3 0.71 0.710.11 70 mm2 3/0 1/0.372 1/9.449 0.109 70.3 0.37 9.45 0.633 25.30 2579 5684 19.0 0.73 0.830.0225 7/0.064 7/1.63 0.023 14.5 0.19 4.88 0.131 6.10 622 1370 14.4 0.56 0.260.025 16 mm2 3/0.104 3/2.65 0.025 16.1 0.22 5.67 0.145 6.59 671 1479 15.2 0.59 0.29

25 mm2 7/0.0843 7/2.14 0.036 23.2 0.25 6.42 0.209 10.17 1037 2285 15.9 0.62 0.360.05 32 mm2 3/0.147 3/3.75 0.050 33.1 0.32 8.05 0.270 12.71 1296 2856 17.6 0.68 0.47

35 mm2 7/0.098 7/2.50 0.053 34.2 0.30 7.50 0.308 14.10 1440 3180 17.0 0.66 0.487/0.104 7/2.64 0.055 35.5 0.30 7.62 0.319 15.75 1606 3539 17.1 0.66 0.49

0.06 40 mm2 3/0.161 3/4.09 0.055 35.5 0.35 8.87 0.319 15.57 1587 3498 18.4 0.71 0.510.075 50 mm2 3/0.180 3/4.57 0.060 38.7 0.39 9.85 0.348 18.90 1927 4246 19.4 0.75 0.550.075 50 mm2 7/0.116 7/2.95 0.075 48.4 0.35 8.84 0.435 19.35 1972 4347 18.3 0.71 0.620.1 70 mm2 7/0.136 7/3.45 0.102 65.6 0.41 10.40 0.591 26.10 2661 5864 19.9 0.77 0.80.1 70 mm2 7/0.140 7/3.55 0.107 69.3 0.42 10.65 0.621 26.88 2741 6041 20.2 0.78 0.8310.15 100 mm2 7/0.166 7/4.22 0.150 96.8 0.50 12.60 0.871 37.90 3863 8515 22.1 0.86 1.110.2 125 mm2 19/0.114 19/2.90 0.195 125.5 0.57 14.50 1.130 48.34 4928 9856 24.0 0.93 1.390.2 125 mm2 19/0.116 19/2.95 0.200 129.0 0.58 14.70 1.161 51.60 5260 11593 24.2 0.94 1.43

Weight Ice Loaded Diametre

Wind Pressure MCP

Ice loaded Conductor weight MCW

ins2 mm2 Code Inches mm ins2 mm2 Inches mm kg/m kN kgf lbs mm kgf/m kgf/m

0.022 22 Midge 7/0.081 7/2.06 0.022 14.2 0.24 6.2 0.064 4.0 407 896 15.7 0.61 0.210.022 22 PVC Midge 7/0.081 7/2.06 0.022 14.2 0.32 8.2 0.100 4.0 407 896 17.7 0.69 0.280.025 25 Gnat 7/0.087 7/2.21 0.025 16.1 0.26 6.6 0.073 4.6 468 1031 16.1 0.62 0.230.025 25 PVC Gnat 7/0.087 7/2.21 0.025 16.1 0.34 8.6 0.114 4.6 468 1031 18.1 0.70 0.300.05 50 Ant 7/0.122 7/3.10 0.050 32.3 0.37 9.3 0.145 8.3 846 1865 18.8 0.73 0.340.05 50 PVC Ant 7/0.122 7/3.10 0.050 32.3 0.45 11.3 0.206 8.3 846 1865 20.8 0.81 0.430.1 100 Wasp 7/0.173 7/4.39 0.100 64.5 0.52 13.2 0.290 16.0 1631 3595 22.7 0.88 0.540.1 100 PVC Wasp 7/0.173 7/4.39 0.100 64.5 0.62 15.7 0.402 16.0 1631 3595 25.2 0.98 0.710.15 150 Hornet 19/0.128 19/3.25 0.150 96.8 0.64 16.3 0.434 24.7 2518 5549 25.8 1.00 0.72

Bundle Diametre Weight

Ice Loaded Bundle Diametre

Wind Pressure MCP

Bundle weight MCW

No Cores mm2 ins2 mm2 mm kg/m kN kgf lbs mm kgf/m kgf/m NOTE:2 25 0.023 14.6 14.55 0.20 8.1 825.6 1820 24.1 0.932 0.500 MCP2 35 0.031 20.2 16.05 0.26 11.2 1143.2 2520 25.6 0.99 0.589 MCW Maximum Conductor Weight2 50 0.042 27.4 24.70 0.35 15.3 1560.0 3438 34.2 1.325 0.6622 70 0.061 39.6 28.10 0.48 22.0 2245.0 4948 37.6 1.457 0.852 95 0.085 54.8 32.70 0.65 30.6 3121.1 6879 42.2 1.635 1.0944 25 0.023 14.6 23.50 0.40 16.3 1663.4 3666 33.0 1.279 0.8914 35 0.031 20.2 25.90 0.52 22.4 2283.0 5032 35.4 1.372 1.064 50 0.042 27.4 29.50 0.70 30.4 3099.0 6830 39.0 1.511 1.3644 70 0.061 39.6 33.40 0.96 44.0 4490.0 9896 42.9 1.662 1.7344 95 0.085 54.8 39.00 1.30 61.2 6242.4 13758 48.5 1.879 2.1944 120 0.110 69.4 42.00 1.60 79.4 8092.0 17835 51.5 1.996 2.591

Per bundle

Per conductor

Ice loaded Bundle (4.75mm of radial ice)

Maximum Conductor Pressure

HARD DRAWN ALUMINIUM HDA AAC

Nominal size stranding Copper Equivalent

area Diametre Ultimate Tensile Strength

Per conductor

Ice loaded Bundle (4.75mm of radial ice)

HARD DRAWN COPPER HDC Ice loaded Bundle (4.75mm of radial ice)

Nominal sizeCopper Equivalent

area Ultimate Tensile Strength

AERIAL BUNDLED CONDUCTOR

Nominal size stranding Copper Equivalent

area Diametre Ultimate Tensile Strength

* kg/m based on copper density of 9000 kg/m3


APPENDIX D – TABLE OF CONDUCTOR ELECTRICAL DATA

Resistance at 20OC

Reactance at 20OC

Impedance at 20OC

ins2 mm2 SWG Inches mm ins2 mm2 ins2 mm2 Ω /km Ω /km Ω /km Winter Summer0.03 20 mm2 No 6 1/0.192 1/4.877 0.03 19 0.029 18.7 0.975 0.337 1.03 129 1030.04 25 mm2 No 4 1/0.232 1/5.893 0.04 27 0.042 27.3 0.640 0.303 0.71 167 1330.07 No 1 1/0.300 1/7.62 0.07 46 0.071 45.6 0.390 0.292 0.49 233 1860.08 50 mm2 1/0 1/0.324 1/8.234 0.08 53 0.082 53.3 0.360 0.291 0.46 258 2060.1 60 mm2 2/0 1/0.348 1/8.839 0.10 61 0.095 61.4 0.286 0.290 0.41 283 2260.11 70 mm2 3/0 1/0.372 1/9.449 0.11 70 0.109 70.1 0.250 0.288 0.38 309 2470.0225 14 mm2 7/0.064 7/1.63 0.02 15 0.023 14.6 1.23 0.350 1.28 111 890.025 16 mm2 3/0.104 3/2.65 0.03 17 0.025 16.5 1.083 0.347 1.14 124 990.04 25 mm2 7/0.0843 7/2.14 0.04 25 0.039 25.18 0.681 0.305 0.75 158 1260.05 32 mm2 3/0.147 3/3.75 0.05 33 0.051 33.1 0.541 0.297 0.62 194 155

35 mm2 7/0.098 7/2.50 0.05 34 0.053 34.4 0.521 0.296 0.60 195 1567/0.104 7/2.64 0.06 38 0.059 38.3 0.466 0.294 0.55 208 166

0.06 40 mm2 3/0.161 3/4.09 0.06 39 0.061 39.4 0.439 0.293 0.53 218 1740.075 50 mm2 3/0.180 3/4.57 0.08 49 0.076 49.2 0.365 0.292 0.47 252 2020.075 50 mm2 7/0.116 7/2.95 0.07 48 0.074 47.9 0.375 0.292 0.47 246 1970.1 70 mm2 7/0.136 7/3.45 0.10 65 0.102 65.4 0.272 0.289 0.40 296 2370.1 70 mm2 7/0.140 7/3.55 0.11 69 0.108 69.3 0.257 0.289 0.39 307 2450.15 100 mm2 7/0.166 7/4.22 0.15 98 0.152 97.9 0.183 0.287 0.34 385 3090.2 125 mm2 19/0.114 19/2.90 0.19 126 0.194 125.5 0.138 0.286 0.32 454 3640.2 125 mm2 19/0.116 19/2.95 0.20 130 0.201 129.9 0.138 0.286 0.32 465 375

Resistance at 20OC

Reactance at 20OC

Impedance at 20OC

ins2 mm2 Code Inches mm ins2 mm2 ins2 mm2 Ω /km Ω /km Ω /km Winter Summer0.022 22 Midge 7/0.081 7/2.06 0.022 14.2 0.036 23.3 1.227 0.310 1.27 120 950.022 22 PVC Midge 7/0.081 7/2.06 0.022 14.2 0.036 23.3 1.227 0.310 1.27 130 1040.025 25 Gnat 7/0.087 7/2.21 0.025 16.1 0.042 26.9 1.068 0.300 1.11 131 1050.025 25 PVC Gnat 7/0.087 7/2.21 0.025 16.1 0.042 26.9 1.068 0.300 1.11 142 1130.05 50 Ant 7/0.122 7/3.10 0.050 32.3 0.082 52.8 0.542 0.297 0.62 204 1630.05 50 PVC Ant 7/0.122 7/3.10 0.050 32.3 0.082 52.8 0.542 0.297 0.62 217 1730.1 100 Wasp 7/0.173 7/4.39 0.100 64.5 0.165 106.0 0.270 0.296 0.40 322 2580.1 100 pVC Wasp 7/0.173 7/4.39 0.100 64.5 0.165 106.0 0.270 0.296 0.40 341 3730.15 150 Hornet 19/0.128 19/3.25 0.150 96.8 0.245 157.6 0.183 0.295 0.35 419 336

Resistance at 20OC

Reactance at 20OC

Impedance at 20OC

No Cores mm2 Code strands mm ins2 mm2 ins2 mm2 Ω /km Ω /km Ω /km Winter Summer2 25 2x25 7 0.023 14.6 0.04 24 1.200 0.088 1.20 112 1002 35 2x35 7 0.031 20.2 0.05 33 0.868 0.086 0.87 124 1052 50 2x50 19 0.042 27.4 0.07 45 0.641 0.083 0.65 163 1572 70 2x70 19 0.061 39.6 0.10 65 0.443 0.080 0.45 216 1922 95 2x95 19 0.085 54.8 0.14 90 0.320 0.080 0.33 260 2284 25 4x24 7 0.023 14.6 0.04 24 1.200 0.088 1.20 112 1004 35 4x35 7 0.031 20.2 0.05 33 0.868 0.086 0.87 124 1054 50 4x50 19 0.042 27.4 0.07 48 0.641 0.083 0.65 163 1574 70 4x70 19 0.061 39.6 0.10 65 0.443 0.080 0.45 216 1924 95 4x95 19 0.085 54.8 0.14 93 0.320 0.080 0.33 260 2284 120 4x120 19 0.110 69.4 0.18 114 0.253 0.075 0.26 327 227

ABC ‐ Max conductor temperature of 50OC, Ambient Temperture of 5OC Winter , 20OC Summer. Open Wire ‐ Max conductor temperature of 50OC, Ambient Temperture of 2OC Winter , 20OC Summer.

stranding

AERIAL BUNDLED CONDUCTOR

NOTE : Ratings are based on:

Nominal size stranding Copper Equivalent area Actual Cross Sectional Area

HARD DRAWN COPPER

Rating AMPS @50OC

Rating AMPS @50OC

Rating AMPS @50OC

Nominal size stranding Copper Equivalent area Actual Cross Sectional Area

Actual Cross Sectional Area Nominal size Copper Equivalent area

HARD DRAWN ALUMINIUM


E.1 StrengthofStayAssembliesStayWire

Until the mid 1960’s stays were made of Grade 700 steel (then called 45 ton steel). These were made off by hand splicing and can be easily identified. The size was specified by the Standard Wire Gauge (SWG) of the strands. e.g. 7/8 has seven strands of No 8 SWG wire.

Modern stays are made of Grade 1150 steel (70 ton steel). This wire is too stiff to hand splice and is always made off using pre-formed helical splices.

No 8 SWG is 4.00mm diameter and No 10 is 3.25mm diameter. Therefore the 700 grade stay wires are the same physical size as the modern 1150 grade staywire. It is important to note that grade 700 staywire has only 60% the strength of 1150 grade staywire.

The following sizes may be found in use on the network and this data may help to evaluate the strength of the original stay assembly:

GradeSize MinimumFailingLoadMFL

SafeWorkingLoadSWL(FoS=2.5)

SWG Metric kN kgf kN kgf

700/45 ton 4/8 4/4.00 35.9* 3,660 14.4 1,464

700/45 ton 7/10 7/3.25 40.5* 4,128 16.2 1,651

700/45 ton 7/8 7/4.00 61.6 6,279 24.6 2,512

700/45 ton 19/10 19/3.25 109.8 11,193 43.9 4,477

700/45 ton 19/3.55 131.6 13,415 52.6 5,366

1150/70 ton 7/10 7/3.25 66.8 6,809 26.7 2,742

1150 / 70 ton 7/8 7/4.00 101.0 10,296 40.4 4,118

*calculated values

StayRods

Modern stay rods are 19mm (Type 1) and 22mm (Type 2) diameter.

Legacy stay rods were 7/8 inch and 3/4 inch. These are very similar in size to the modern metric rods and can be treated as having the same Safe Working Load. However, the metric threads are not compatible with the imperial threads and may fail under load if metric fittings are used on imperials rods.

Sometimes 19/3.55(700) staywire was used with 1 inch stay rods (SWL 140kN) to make full use of this stay wire’s strength. These were mainly used on heavy duty HV lines at 33kV, 66kV and 132kV. If the full SWL needs to be maintained then it must be replaced by two Type 2 stays, rods and blocks.

APPENDIX E – STAYS


SafeWorkingLoadofCompleteStayAssemblies

Type Anchor Rod WireAttachmentto

pole

SWLofAssembly

kN kgf

Load LockDuckbill or

platypus B62m tether 7/3.25

Preform or light

duty strap13.9 (1) 1,417

2 x Load Lock

= Type 1

2 x duckbill or

platypus B62m tether 2 x 7/3.25

Preform or light

duty strap27.8 (1) 2,834

Type 1Concrete block

or helix19mm (4) 7/3.25

Preform or light

duty strap26.0 (2) 2,671

2 x Type 1Concrete block

or helix19mm (4) 2 x 7/3.25

Heavy duty

strap52.4 (3) 5,341

Type 2Large concrete

block or helix22mm (5) 7/4.00 Preform 40.4 4,118

1 x Type 2Large concrete

block or helix22mm (5) 7/4.00

Heavy duty

strap40.4 (3) 4,118

2 x Type 2Large concrete

block or helix22mm (5) 2 x 7/4.00

Heavy duty

strap56.0 (3) 5,708

Note-shaded cell indicates weakest component of assembly

Notes

1 Load lock anchors have a SWL of 13.9kN - based on 34.8kn as per EATL STP report 2161ph2

2 Light duty stay straps have a SWL of 28kN - limited by the 20mm pole bolt

3 Heavy duty stay straps have a SWL of 56kN - limited by the two 20mm pole bolts

4 Type 1 19mm stay rod has a SWL of 26kN (MFL = 65kN)

5 Type 2 22mm stay rod has a SWL of 44.0kN (MFL = 110kN)

6 Stay insulators have a SWL of 44.0kN (MFL = 110kN)

When replacing grade 700 staywires with modern grade 1150 staywire:

A 7/3.25 (1150) can replace: 4/8, 7/10, 7/8, (700).

A 7/4.00 (1150) can replace: 19/10 (700) if the stay rod is ¾ inch.

Two 7/4.00 (1150) stays with new rods and blocks are needed to replace a 19/3.55(700) stay if the stay rod is 1 inch.

E.2 StayCalculationsThis section shows how to calculate stay and pole size requirements for any size and number of conductors, any angle of line deviation and any staywire angle.

This is useful when evaluating an existing line not covered by the tables in the Construction Manuals.

The steps in the calculation are:

a. Calculate the Horizontal and Vertical Conductor loads at pole top.

b. Calculate the tension in the stay wire.

c. Determine the size and number of stays required (Appendix E.1 “Strength of Stay Assemblies”).

d. Calculate the pole loading.

e. Determine pole diameter require (Appendix F.2 “Pole Loading Strengths").

The calculations for Terminal and Angle Poles are slightly different.


TerminalPoleCalculation

HorizontalLoad=NxMCT

VerticalLoad=(NxweightspanxMCW)

For LV lines the Maximum Conductor Tension (MCT) = Max Working Tension (MWT)

Example1:

4 wire 0.1cu, 50m span, stay angle 35o, 10 metre pole.

Look up MCT and MCW in Appendix B and C.

MCT = 612kgf (same as MWT)

MCW = 0.831kgf/m

The SWL of stays are

Type 1 stay SWL = 2671kgf


Therefore two Type 1 stays is (2 x 2671 = 5342 kgf) are required.

Look up the SWL of poles in Appendix F.2

Minimum size 10m pole to withstand 3577kgf needs a diameter of 280mm.


AngelPoleCalculation

The angle pole calculation is more complicated than the terminal pole as it also takes into account the wind loading of the windspan (MCP).


Example2

4 wire 0.1cu, 50m each side, stay angle 35o, 10 metre pole, 40o line deviation

Look up MCP, MCT and MCW in Appendix B and C.

MCT = 612kgf (same as MWT)

MCW = 0.831kgf/m

MCP = 0.78kgf/m



One Type 2 stay will be suitable.


Minimum size 10m pole to withstand 2614kgf needs a diameter of 245mm.


DownPull

Where an angle or terminal pole is higher than the next pole then there will be additional pole loading due to the conductors pulling on it.

The ratio of Hdiff

to span length L is called down pull:

Example3:

4 wire 0.1cu, 10 metre terminal pole. 1:3 downpull

In example 1 a pole load of 3580 kgf was calculated. The down pull creates an additional 774 kgf which must be added making 4353 kgf.


Minimum size 10m pole to withstand 4353 kgf needs a diameter of 285mm.

If the pole was an angle pole at the top of a hill with 1:3 downpull on both sides then the additional loading would be 2 x 774 = 1548 kgf.

Total pole load becomes 3580 + 1548 = 5128 kgf.


E.3 StayandPoleLoadsforABCatNormalTension

E.3.1 StayandPoleLoadinginkgf

Angle ofDeviation

Ao

StayAngleOo

20 25 30 35 40 45

Stay Pole Stay Pole Stay Pole Stay Pole Stay Pole Stay Pole

10 316 332 255 266 216 222 188 189 168 164 153 143

20 440 448 356 357 301 295 262 250 234 214 213 185

30 562 563 454 447 384 368 335 309 299 264 272 227

40 681 675 551 534 466 438 406 368 362 312 329 268

50 796 783 644 619 545 507 475 424 424 360 385 307

60 907 887 734 700 620 572 541 478 483 405 439 345

70 1012 986 819 778 693 635 604 530 539 448 490 381

80 1112 1080 900 850 760 694 663 578 591 488 538 415

90 1204 1166 974 918 823 748 718 623 641 526 582 447

Terminal 716 691 580 543 490 442 427 367 381 309 346 263

MCT/MWT 245 kgf = 2.4kN

2 x 35 ABC

ENATS 43-12 Normal Tension

MCW 0.5 kgf/m

MCP 0.932 kgf/m

Bundle 1

Max Span Length

70 m



Angle ofDeviation

Ao

StayAngleOo

20 25 30 35 40 45


10 493 538 399 436 338 367 294 315 263 275 239 243

20 705 737 570 591 482 492 420 418 375 361 341 315

30 913 932 739 744 625 615 544 520 486 446 442 386

40 1116 1123 903 893 764 736 666 620 594 529 540 456

50 1313 1308 1063 1038 898 852 783 716 699 610 635 523

60 1503 1486 1216 1176 1028 964 896 808 799 687 727 588

70 1682 1655 1362 1308 1151 1071 1003 896 895 760 814 650

80 1852 1814 1498 1432 1267 1171 1104 979 985 829 896 707

90 2009 1962 1626 1548 1374 1264 1198 1055 1069 893 972 761

Terminal 1222 1186 989 934 836 761 729 634 650 535 591 455


4 x 35 ABC


MCW 1.060 kgf/m

MCP 1.370 kgf/m

Bundle 1

Max Span Length

70 m


Angle ofDeviation

Ao

StayAngleOo

20 25 30 35 40 45


10 479 489 387 391 327 323 285 273 255 235 231 203

20 723 719 585 570 494 468 431 393 385 334 350 287

30 963 945 780 746 659 610 574 510 513 432 466 369

40 1198 1166 970 919 820 750 715 625 638 582 580 449

50 1426 1380 1154 1086 975 884 850 736 759 621 690 527

60 1645 1585 1331 1246 1125 1014 981 843 875 710 795 602

70 1852 1780 1499 1398 1267 1137 1105 944 986 795 896 673

80 2048 1964 1657 1542 1401 1253 1221 1040 1090 874 991 740

90 2230 2135 1804 1675 1525 1360 1329 1129 1186 948 1078 802

Terminal 1412 1347 1143 1056 966 856 842 710 751 595 683 503


2 x 50 ABC


MCW 0.660 kgf/m

MCP 1.3325kgf/m

Bundle 1

Max Span Length

60 m



Angle ofDeviation

Ao

StayAngleOo

20 25 30 35 40 45


10 644 687 521 554 440 463 384 396 343 344 311 302

20 1020 1040 825 830 697 686 608 580 542 497 493 431

30 1390 1388 1125 1101 951 905 829 761 739 648 672 557

40 1751 1727 1417 1366 1198 1119 1044 937 932 796 847 681

50 2101 2056 1701 1623 1437 1327 1253 1108 1118 938 1016 801

60 2437 2372 1973 1870 1667 1526 1453 1272 1297 1075 1179 916

70 2757 2673 2231 2104 1886 1715 1644 1429 1467 1206 1334 1025

80 3058 2955 2475 2325 2092 1893 1823 1575 1627 1328 1479 1128

90 3337 3218 2701 2530 2283 2059 1990 1712 1776 1442 1614 1223

Terminal 2172 2082 1758 1634 1486 1328 1295 1102 1156 926 1051 784


4 x 50 ABC


MCW 1.364 kgf/m

MCP 1.511 kgf/m

Bundle 1

Max Span Length

60 m


Angle ofDeviation

Ao

StayAngleOo

20 25 30 35 40 45


10 655 681 530 546 448 453 390 385 348 332 317 289

20 1019 1023 825 813 697 669 608 563 542 481 493 414

30 1377 1360 1115 1076 942 881 821 738 733 627 666 536

40 1728 1689 1398 1333 1182 1089 1030 909 919 770 836 656

50 2067 2008 1673 1582 1414 1290 1233 1075 1100 908 1000 772

60 2393 2314 1936 1820 1637 1483 1427 1234 1273 1041 1157 884

70 2703 2605 2187 2048 1849 1666 1612 1386 1438 1167 1307 990

80 2994 2879 2423 2261 2048 1839 1785 1528 1593 1286 1448 1089

90 3265 3133 2642 2460 2233 1999 1947 1660 1737 1396 1579 1182

Terminal 2105 2011 1704 1577 1440 1280 1255 1061 1120 891 1018 753


2 x 95 ABC


MCW 1.090 kgf/m

MCP 1.640 kgf/m

Bundle 1

Max Span Length

60 m



Angle ofDeviation

Ao

StayAngleOo

20 25 30 35 40 45


10 919 995 744 806 629 676 548 581 489 506 444 446

20 1504 1545 1217 1235 1029 1022 897 866 800 745 727 646

30 2079 2086 1683 1657 1422 1363 1240 1147 1106 979 1006 843

40 2642 2614 2138 2069 1807 1697 1575 1422 1406 1208 1278 1035

50 3187 3126 2579 2469 2180 2019 1900 1688 1696 1431 1541 1222

60 3710 3618 3002 2853 2538 2329 2212 1944 1974 1644 1794 1400

70 4207 4085 3405 3217 2878 2624 2509 2187 2239 1846 2035 1571

80 4675 4525 3783 3561 3198 2901 2788 2415 2487 2037 2261 1731

90 5110 4933 4135 3879 3495 3159 3047 2628 2719 2214 2472 1879

Terminal 3380 3242 2735 2545 2312 2068 2015 1717 1798 1443 1635 1222

MCT/MWT 1156 kgf = 11.3kN 4 x 95 ABC


MCW 2.194kgf/m

MCP 1.880 kgf/m

Bundle 1

Max Span Length

60 m


Angle ofDeviation

Ao

StayAngleOo

20 25 30 35 40 45


10 1036 1126 838 912 708 766 618 658 551 575 501 507

20 1716 1765 1389 1411 1174 1169 1023 991 913 852 830 739

30 2386 2394 1931 1902 1632 1566 1423 1318 1269 1125 1154 968

40 3040 3009 2460 2382 2080 1953 1813 1637 1618 1392 1470 1192

50 3674 3605 2973 2847 2513 2329 2191 1947 1955 1650 1777 1409

60 4283 4177 3466 3294 2930 2689 2554 2244 2279 1898 2071 1617

70 4861 4721 3934 3718 3325 3032 2899 2527 2587 2134 2351 1815

80 5406 5232 4375 4117 3698 3355 3223 2793 2876 2356 2615 2001

90 5912 5707 4784 4488 4044 3654 3525 3040 3145 2562 2859 2174

Terminal 3933 3772 3183 2961 2690 2406 2345 1997 2092 1679 1902 1421

MCT/MWT 1345 kgf = 13.2kN 4 x 120 ABC


MCW 2.540 kgf/m

MCP 1.996 kgf/m

Bundle 1

Max Span Length

60 m


E.4 StayandPoleLoadsforABCatOpenWireTension


AngleofDeviation

ĀO

StayAngle∅O

20 25 30 35 40 45


10 464 472 376 376 318 310 277 262 247 225 225 194

20 752 742 609 587 515 481 449 403 400 342 364 293

30 1036 1009 839 796 709 649 618 542 551 458 501 390

40 1314 1270 1063 999 899 814 783 677 699 571 635 485

50 1582 1522 1281 1196 1082 973 944 808 842 680 765 577

60 1840 1765 1489 1385 1259 1126 1097 934 979 785 890 665

70 2085 1995 1688 1565 1427 1271 1244 1054 1110 885 1009 749

80 2316 2212 1874 1734 1584 1407 1381 1167 1232 979 1120 828

90 2531 2413 2048 1891 1731 1534 1509 1271 1346 1067 1224 901

Terminal 1667 1584 1349 1240 1140 1005 994 832 887 697 806 588

MCT/MWT 570 kgf = 5.6 kN2x35ABC SPNMCW 0.590 kgf/m

MCP 0.990 kgf/mBalancing2x16Cuor2x25HDAGnatBundle 1

Max Span Length 60 m MWT=2x285kgf/2.8kN



AngleofDeviation

ĀO

StayAngle∅O

20 25 30 35 40 45


10 427 442 345 354 292 294 255 250 227 215 206 187

20 649 652 526 518 444 426 387 359 346 306 314 263

30 869 857 703 678 594 556 518 466 462 395 420 338

40 1083 1059 876 835 741 683 646 570 576 483 524 412

50 1290 1253 1044 987 882 805 769 671 686 567 624 483

60 1489 1441 1205 1133 1019 923 888 769 792 648 720 551

70 1678 1618 1358 1272 1148 1036 1001 861 893 725 812 615

80 1856 1786 1502 1403 1270 1141 1107 948 988 798 898 676

90 2022 1941 1636 1524 1383 1239 1206 1029 1076 865 978 733

Terminal 1286 1230 1041 964 880 783 767 649 685 545 622 461

MCT/MWT 440 kgf = 4.3 kN2x35ABC EPNMCW 0.590 kgf/m




AngleofDeviation

ĀO

StayAngle∅O

20 25 30 35 40 45


10 755 745 611 589 516 482 450 404 402 343 365 294

20 1331 1286 1077 1012 911 824 794 686 708 578 644 491

30 1899 1820 1537 1428 1299 1160 1132 963 1010 809 919 685

40 2454 2341 1986 1835 1678 1489 1463 1234 1306 1036 1187 875

50 2991 2846 2421 2229 2046 1807 1783 1496 1591 1255 1447 1058

60 3507 3331 2838 2608 2399 2113 2091 1748 1866 1465 1696 1235

70 3997 3792 3235 2967 2734 2403 2384 1988 2127 1665 1933 1403

80 4459 4225 3608 3306 3050 2677 2659 2213 2372 1853 2157 1560

90 4887 4628 3955 3620 3343 2931 2914 2423 2601 2028 2364 1707

Terminal 3333 3150 2697 2462 2280 1992 1988 1646 1774 1376 1612 1158






AngleofDeviation

ĀO

StayAngle∅O

20 25 30 35 40 45


10 729 759 590 609 499 506 435 430 388 371 353 323

20 1174 1177 950 935 803 770 700 648 625 553 568 476

30 1612 1589 1305 1257 1103 1029 961 862 858 731 780 626

40 2040 1992 1651 1571 1396 1283 1217 1071 1086 906 987 772

50 2455 2381 1987 1875 1679 1529 1464 1273 1306 1075 1188 914

60 2853 2755 2309 2167 1952 1765 1701 1468 1518 1237 1380 1050

70 3232 3111 2616 2445 2211 1989 1927 1653 1720 1392 1563 1180

80 3588 3446 2904 2706 2454 2200 2140 1827 1909 1537 1736 1301

90 3919 3757 3172 2949 2681 2396 2337 1989 2085 1672 1896 1415

Terminal 2573 2455 2082 1924 1760 1561 1534 1294 1369 1086 1245 917

MCT/MWT 880 kgf = 8.6 kN4x35ABC EPNMCW 1.060 kgf/m




AngleofDeviation

ĀO

StayAngle∅O

20 25 30 35 40 45


10 1278 1353 1034 1090 874 909 762 777 680 673 618 589

20 2198 2118 1779 1765 1504 1455 1311 1226 1170 1048 1063 904

30 3105 3070 2513 2430 2124 1992 1851 1669 1652 1418 1502 1214

40 3990 3902 3229 3079 2729 2516 2379 2101 2123 1779 1930 1517

50 4848 4708 3923 3708 3316 3024 2891 2520 2580 2128 2345 1810

60 5671 5482 4590 4312 3880 3512 3382 2923 3018 2464 2743 2092

70 6455 6218 5224 4887 4415 3976 3849 3305 3434 2783 3122 2360

80 7191 6910 5820 5427 4919 4412 4288 3665 3826 3084 3478 2612

90 7876 7555 6374 5929 5387 4818 4696 3999 4191 3363 3809 2846

Terminal 5321 5077 4306 3979 3640 3229 3173 2675 2831 2245 2574 1896

MCT/MWT 1820 kgf = 17.9 kN4x95or120ABC EPNMCW 2.540 kgf/m

MCP 1.996 kgf/mBalancing4x32Cuor4x50HDAAntBundle 1

Max Span Length 60 m MWT=4x4554kgf/4.5kNEPNvalues



AngleofDeviation

ĀO

StayAngle∅O

20 25 30 35 40 45


10 1378 1447 1115 1163 942 968 821 825 733 714 666 624

20 2397 2405 1940 1911 1640 1573 1429 1323 1276 1130 1160 972

30 3401 3349 2753 2647 2327 2167 2028 1814 1810 1539 1645 1316

40 4382 4270 3546 3367 2998 2748 2613 2293 2332 1939 2120 1651

50 5332 5163 4315 4063 3648 3311 3180 2757 2837 2326 2579 1976

60 6245 6020 5054 4733 4272 3852 3724 3203 3323 2698 3020 2288

70 7112 6835 5756 5369 4865 4365 4241 3626 3784 3051 3440 2585

80 7928 7602 6416 5967 5423 4849 4727 4025 4218 3384 3835 2864

90 8686 8315 7030 6523 5942 5298 5179 4395 4622 3693 4201 3123

Terminal 5894 5615 4770 4400 4032 3568 3515 2955 3136 2479 2851 2092

MCT/MWT 2016 kgf = 19.8 kN4x95or120ABC SPNMCW 2.540 kgf/m

MCP 1.996 kgf/mBalancing4x32Cuor4x50HDAAntBundle 1

Max Span Length 60 m MWT=4x504kgf/4.9kNSPNvalues


AngleofDeviation

ĀO

StayAngle∅O

20 25 30 35 40 45


10 1598 1654 1293 1324 1093 1099 953 933 850 804 773 699

20 2836 2817 2295 2232 1940 1832 1691 1538 1509 1308 1372 1122

30 4055 3963 3282 3127 2774 2555 2418 2133 2158 1805 1961 1539

40 5246 5082 4246 4000 3589 3260 3128 2715 2791 2291 2538 1947

50 6400 6166 5179 4847 4378 3944 3816 3278 3405 2761 3096 2341

60 7508 7207 6076 5659 5136 4600 4477 3820 3995 3213 3631 2720

70 8561 8197 6928 6431 5856 5224 5105 4334 4555 3642 4141 3080

80 9552 9128 7730 7158 6534 5811 5696 4818 5082 4046 4620 3419

90 10472 9993 8475 7833 7164 6356 6245 5268 5572 4421 5065 3734

Terminal 7157 6802 5792 5326 4896 4316 4268 3572 3808 2994 3462 2524

MCT/MWT 2448 kgf = 24.0 kN4x95or120ABC EPNMCW 2.540 kgf/m

MCP 1.996 kgf/mBalancing4x70Cuor4x100HDAWaspBundle 1

Max Span Length 60 m MWT=4x612kgf/6.0kNEPNvalues



AngleofDeviation

ĀO

StayAngle∅O

20 25 30 35 40 45


10 1598 1654 1293 1324 1093 1099 953 933 850 804 773 699

20 2836 2817 2295 2232 1940 1832 1691 1538 1509 1308 1372 1122

30 4055 3963 3282 3127 2774 2555 2418 2133 2158 1805 1961 1539

40 5246 5082 4246 4000 3589 3260 3128 2715 2791 2291 2538 1947

50 6400 6166 5179 4847 4378 3944 3816 3278 3405 2761 3096 2341

60 7508 7207 6076 5659 5136 4600 4477 3820 3995 3213 3631 2720

70 8561 8197 6928 6431 5856 5224 5105 4334 4555 3642 4141 3080

80 9552 9128 7730 7158 6534 5811 5696 4818 5082 4046 4620 3419

90 10472 9993 8475 7833 7164 6356 6245 5268 5572 4421 5065 3734

Terminal 7157 6802 5792 5326 4896 4316 4268 3572 3808 2994 3462 2524

MCT/MWT 2448 kgf = 24.0 kN4x95or120ABC SPNMCW 2.540 kgf/m

MCP 1.996 kgf/mBalancing4x100HDAWaspBundle 1



AngleofDeviation

ĀO

StayAngle∅O

20 25 30 35 40 45


10 2083 2110 1686 1680 1425 1386 1242 1170 1108 1001 1008 865

20 3803 3726 3077 2941 2601 2405 2267 2010 2023 1702 1839 1453

30 5496 5317 4448 4183 3759 3408 3277 2837 2924 2393 2658 2032

40 7150 6871 5787 5397 4891 4388 4264 3645 3805 3067 3458 2598

50 8753 8377 7083 6572 5987 5337 5219 4428 4657 3720 4234 3146

60 10291 9823 8328 7701 7040 6249 6137 5179 5476 4347 4978 3672

70 11754 11197 9512 8773 8040 7115 7009 5894 6254 4943 5685 4172

80 13130 12491 10626 9783 8981 7931 7829 6566 6986 5504 6351 4643

90 14409 13692 11661 10721 9856 8688 8592 7190 7667 6025 6969 5080

Terminal 9941 9418 8045 7368 6800 5965 5928 4932 5289 4128 4808 3476


MCP 1.996 kgf/mBalancing4x70Cuor4x125CuBundle 1



E.5 OutofBalanceStayandPoleLoadsforABCatWireTension

ABC OpenWire Outof

Balance

force

StayandPoleLoadinginkgf

StayAngle∅O

20 25 30 35 40 45

Size MCT/MWT

Size MCT/MWT


2x35 272 kgf

2x16cu/25Gnat

570kgf

298kgf 871 819 705 639 596 516 520 426 464 355 421 298

4x35 557 kgf

4x16cu/25Gnat

1140kgf

583kgf 1705 1602 1379 1250 1166 1010 1016 833 907 695 824 583

4x50 743 kgf

4x32cu/50AntSPN

2016kgf

1273 kgf

3722 3498 3012 2730 2546 2205 2219 1818 1980 1517 1800 1273

4x50 743 kgf

4x32cu/50AntEPN

1820kgf

1077kgf

3149 2959 2548 2310 2154 1865 1878 1538 1676 1284 1523 1077

4x95 1156 kgf

4x32cu/50AntSPN

2016kgf

860kgf 2514 2363 2035 1844 1720 1490 1499 1228 1338 1025 1216 860

4x95 1156 kgf

4x32cu/50AntEPN

1820kgf

664kgf 1941 1824 1571 1424 1328 1150 1158 948 1033 791 939 664

4x120 1345 kgf

4x70cu/100WaspSPN

3384 kgf

2039kgf

5962 5602 4825 4373 4078 3532 3555 2912 3172 2430 2884 2039

4x120 1345 kgf

4x70cu/100WaspEPN

2448 kgf

1103kgf

3225 3030 2610 2365 2206 1910 1923 1575 1716 1315 1560 1103


E.6 StayandPoleLoadsforLegacyOpenWireLines


AngleofDeviation

ĀO

StayAngle∅O

20 25 30 35 40 45


10 995 1005 805 799 681 659 593 556 529 475 481 410

20 1572 1546 1272 1222 1075 1001 937 837 836 710 760 607

30 2139 2080 1731 1639 1463 1337 1276 1115 1138 942 1035 801

40 2694 2601 2180 2046 1843 1666 1606 1386 1433 1168 1303 991

50 3231 3106 2615 2440 2210 1984 1927 1648 1719 1387 1563 1175

60 3747 3591 3033 2818 2563 2289 2234 1900 1994 1597 1812 1351

70 4238 4052 3429 3178 2899 2580 2527 2139 2255 1797 2050 1519

80 4699 4485 3803 3516 3214 2853 2802 2365 2500 1985 2273 1677

90 5128 4888 4150 3831 3508 3107 3058 2574 2728 2160 2480 1823

Terminal 3333 3167 2697 2480 2280 2009 1988 1663 1774 1393 1612 1175

MCT/MWT 285 kgf = 2.8 kN0.025Cu/16mm2 4wireline SPNMCW 0.290 kgf/m

MCP 0.590 kgf/m

Number of

conductors4



AngleofDeviation

ĀO

StayAngle∅O

20 25 30 35 40 45


10 863 880 698 702 590 581 514 491 459 421 417 365

20 1308 1298 1058 1029 894 844 780 708 696 603 632 517

30 1746 1710 1413 1350 1194 1104 1041 922 929 781 844 667

40 2174 2113 1759 1664 1487 1357 1296 1132 1157 956 1052 813

50 2589 2502 2095 1968 1771 1603 1544 1334 1377 1125 1252 955

60 2987 2876 2417 2260 2043 1839 1781 1529 1589 1287 1445 1091

70 3366 3232 2724 2538 2302 2063 2007 1714 1791 1441 1628 1221

80 3722 3567 3012 2799 2546 2274 2219 1887 1980 1587 1800 1343

90 4053 3878 3280 3042 2772 2470 2417 2049 2156 1721 1960 1456

Terminal 2573 2453 2082 1922 1760 1559 1534 1292 1369 1084 1245 915

MCT/MWT 220 kgf = 2.2 kN0.025Cu/16mm2 4wireline EPNMCW 0.290 kgf/m

MCP 0.590 kgf/mENATS43-30MaxWorkingTensionNumber of conductors 4




AngleofDeviation

ĀO

StayAngle∅O

20 25 30 35 40 45


10 1099 1102 889 876 752 721 655 606 585 518 532 445

20 1779 1741 1440 1374 1217 1123 1061 938 946 795 860 678

30 2448 2370 1981 1865 1675 1520 1460 1265 1303 1067 1184 907

40 3102 2985 2510 2345 2122 1907 1850 1585 1651 1334 1500 1131

50 3735 3580 3023 2809 2555 2282 2227 1894 1988 1592 1807 1347

60 4344 4151 3515 3255 2971 2643 2590 2191 2311 1840 2101 1555

70 4922 4695 3983 3680 3367 2985 2935 2474 2619 2076 2381 1753

80 5466 5206 4423 4079 3739 3308 3259 2739 2908 2297 2644 1939

90 5971 5681 4833 4449 4085 3607 3561 2986 3177 2504 2888 2112

Terminal 3930 3727 3180 2917 2688 2363 2343 1954 2091 1637 1901 1379

MCT/MWT 336 kgf = 3.3 kN0.025Cu/16mm2 4wirelineMCW 0.290 kgf/m

MCP 0.590 kgf/m740lbsMWTLimitNumber of conductors 4



AngleofDeviation

ĀO

StayAngle∅O

20 25 30 35 40 45


10 1505 1527 1218 1216 1029 1004 897 848 801 726 728 627

20 2524 2485 2043 1964 1727 1608 1505 1346 1343 1142 1221 976

30 3528 3428 2855 2701 2414 2203 2104 1836 1877 1551 1707 1320

40 4509 4350 3649 3420 3084 2784 2689 2315 2399 1951 2181 1655

50 5459 5243 4418 4117 3734 3347 3255 2779 2905 2338 2641 1980

60 6372 6100 5156 4786 4358 3887 3799 3225 3390 2710 3082 2292

70 7239 6915 5858 5422 4952 4401 4317 3649 3852 3063 3501 2589

80 8055 7682 6519 6021 5510 4884 4803 4047 4286 3396 3896 2868

90 8813 8394 7132 6577 6029 5334 5255 4418 4689 3705 4263 3127

Terminal 5894 5595 4770 4380 4032 3548 3515 2936 3136 2459 2851 2072


MCP 0.680 kgf/m

Number of conductors 4




AngleofDeviation

ĀO

StayAngle∅O

20 25 30 35 40 45


10 1405 1433 1137 1143 961 945 838 799 747 685 679 593

20 2325 2298 1882 1818 1591 1490 1387 1249 1237 1061 1125 908

30 3232 3150 2615 2483 2211 2027 1927 1691 1720 1430 1563 1218

40 4117 3982 3332 3133 2816 2552 2455 2124 2191 1791 1991 1521

50 4975 4788 4026 3762 3403 3060 2967 2543 2647 2141 2406 1814

60 5798 5562 4693 4366 3966 3548 3458 2945 3085 2476 2805 2096

70 6582 6297 5326 4940 4502 4012 3925 3328 3502 2795 3183 2364

80 7318 6990 5922 5480 5006 4448 4364 3687 3894 3096 3540 2616

90 8003 7633 6476 5982 5474 4854 4772 4022 4258 3375 3871 2850

Terminal 5321 5057 4306 3959 3640 3209 3173 2656 2831 2225 2574 1876


MCP 0.680 kgf/mENA43-30MaxWorkingTensionNumber of conductors 4



AngleofDeviation

ĀO

StayAngle∅O

20 25 30 35 40 45


10 1576 1596 1276 1271 1078 1049 940 885 839 758 762 654

20 2681 2634 2170 2081 1834 1703 1599 1425 1426 1208 1297 1032

30 3769 3656 3050 2879 2578 2348 2247 1956 2005 1651 1823 1404

40 4831 4655 3910 3659 3305 2977 2881 2475 2571 2084 2337 1768

50 5860 5622 4743 4414 4009 3587 3495 2978 3118 2504 2835 2120

60 6849 6551 5543 5138 4685 4172 4084 3460 3644 2907 3313 2458

70 7788 7434 6303 5828 5328 4729 4644 3919 4144 3290 3767 2779

80 8672 8264 7018 6476 5932 5253 5171 4351 4614 3650 4195 3081

90 9494 9036 7683 7079 6494 5739 5661 4752 5052 3985 4592 3362

Terminal 6386 6058 5168 4741 4368 3840 3808 3177 3398 2660 3089 2242


MCP 0.660 kgf/m





AngleofDeviation

ĀO

StayAngle∅O

20 25 30 35 40 45


10 2272 2334 1839 1866 1554 1545 1355 1309 1209 1126 1099 977

20 3984 3943 3224 3121 2725 2559 2375 2145 2120 1823 1927 1562

30 5669 5526 4588 4357 3878 3558 3380 2968 3016 2510 2742 2138

40 7315 7074 5920 5565 5004 4533 4362 3773 3892 3181 3538 2701

50 8910 8572 7211 6735 6095 5478 5313 4552 4741 3831 4310 3247

60 10441 10011 8450 7858 7142 6385 6226 5300 5556 4455 5050 3771

70 11897 11379 9628 8926 8138 7247 7094 6011 6330 5049 5755 4269

80 13267 12666 10737 9930 9075 8059 7911 6680 7059 5607 6417 4737

90 14540 13862 11767 10864 9946 8813 8670 7301 7736 6126 7033 5172

Terminal 9894 9397 8007 7357 6768 5961 5900 4933 5265 4133 4786 3484


MCP 0.780 kgf/m




AngleofDeviation

ĀO

StayAngle∅O

20 25 30 35 40 45


10 1795 1886 1453 1516 1228 1263 1070 1076 955 931 868 813

20 3033 3050 2455 2424 2075 1996 1809 1681 1614 1436 1467 1237

30 4252 4195 3441 3318 2909 2718 2536 2277 2263 1933 2057 1654

40 5443 5315 4405 4192 3723 3424 3246 2858 2896 2418 2633 2061

50 6597 6399 5339 5038 4513 4108 3934 3422 3510 2888 3191 2456

60 7705 7440 6235 5851 5270 4764 4594 3963 4100 3340 3727 2835

70 8758 8429 7088 6623 5991 5388 5222 4477 4660 3769 4236 3195

80 9749 9360 7890 7350 6669 5975 5813 4961 5187 4173 4715 3534

90 10670 10226 8635 8025 7298 6520 6362 5411 5677 4548 5161 3849

Terminal 7157 6826 5792 5349 4896 4340 4268 3596 3808 3017 3462 2548


MCP 0.780 kgf/mENATS43-30MaxWorkingTensionNumber of conductors 4




AngleofDeviation

ĀO

StayAngle∅O

20 25 30 35 40 45


10 1475 1585 1194 1281 1009 1073 879 920 785 801 713 704

20 2395 2450 1939 1956 1639 1618 1428 1369 1275 1176 1159 1019

30 3302 3302 2672 2621 2259 2155 1969 1812 1757 1545 1597 1329

40 4187 4134 3389 3271 2864 2680 2497 2245 2228 1906 2025 1632

50 5045 4940 4083 3900 3451 3188 3008 2664 2684 2256 2440 1925

60 5869 5714 4749 4504 4014 3676 3499 3066 3123 2592 2839 2207

70 6652 6450 5383 5078 4550 4140 3966 3449 3539 2911 3217 2474

80 7388 7142 5979 5618 5054 4576 4406 3808 3931 3211 3574 2726

90 8073 7785 6533 6121 5522 4982 4814 4143 4295 3490 3905 2961

Terminal 5321 5100 4306 4003 3640 3252 3173 2699 2831 2269 2574 1920

MCT/MWT 455 kgf = 4.5 kN0.1Cu/70mm2 4wirelineMCW 0.831 kgf/m




AngleofDeviation

ĀO

StayAngle∅O

20 25 30 35 40 45


10 2385 2575 1930 2083 1632 1747 1422 1499 1269 1306 1154 1149

20 4105 4191 3322 3345 2808 2765 2448 2339 2184 2007 1986 1738

30 5798 5782 4693 4587 3966 3769 3458 3166 3085 2697 2805 2317

40 7453 7337 6031 5800 5098 4748 4444 3974 3965 3371 3605 2883

50 9055 8843 7328 6975 6194 5698 5399 4757 4818 4024 4380 3431

60 10594 10288 8573 8104 7246 6609 6317 5508 5637 4652 5124 3957

70 12056 11663 9757 9177 8247 7476 7189 6223 6415 5248 5832 4457

80 13432 12956 10871 10186 9188 8291 8010 6895 7147 5809 6497 4928

90 14711 14158 11906 11124 10063 9048 8772 7519 7828 6330 7116 5365

Terminal 9941 9508 8045 7458 6800 6056 5928 5023 5289 4219 4808 3567






50

StayAngle∅O

20 25 30 35 40 45


10 1949 2005 1578 1603 1333 1328 1162 1125 1037 967 943 840

20 3187 3168 2580 2511 2180 2061 1901 1730 1696 1472 1542 1263

30 4407 4314 3566 3405 3014 2783 2628 2325 2345 1969 2131 1680

40 5598 5433 4530 4279 3829 3489 3338 2907 2978 2454 2708 2087

50 6751 6517 5464 5125 4618 4172 4026 3471 3592 2925 3266 2482

60 7859 7558 6360 5937 5376 4829 4686 4012 4182 3376 3801 2861

70 8912 8548 7213 6710 6096 5452 5314 4526 4742 3806 4311 3221

80 9903 9479 8015 7436 6774 6039 5905 5010 5269 4209 4790 3560

90 10824 10344 8760 8112 7404 6585 6454 5460 5759 4585 5235 3875

Terminal 7157 6812 5792 5336 4896 4326 4268 3583 3808 3004 3462 2534

MCT/MWT 612 kgf = 6.0 kN EPNMCW 0.720 kgf/m

MCP 1.000 kgf/m0.15/100mm2AIHornet4WireLineNumber of conductors 4



F.1 PoleWindLoadingStrengths(HorizontalForces)

Circ

umfe

renc

e 1.

5m fr

om b

utt m

m Dia 1.5m from butt WIND LOADING Safe Working Load (SWL) in kgf (applied 0.15m below pole top) Factor of Safety 2.5

Pole length (metres and feet)

8.5 m 9.0 m 9.5 m 10.0 m 10.5 m 11.0 m 11.5 m 12.0 m 12.5 m 13.0 m 13.5 m 14.0 m 14.5 m 15.0 m 15.5 m 16.0 m 16.5 m 17.0 m 17.5 m 18.0 m

mm inches 28.1 ft 29.7 ft 31.4 ft 33.0 ft 34.7 ft 36.3 ft 38.0 ft 39.6 ft 41.3 ft 42.9 ft 44.6 ft 46.2 ft 47.9 ft 49.5 ft 51.2 ft 52.8 ft 54.5 ft 56.1 ft 57.8 ft 59.4 ft

570 180 7.1 160 150 - - -

580 185 7.3 180 160 150 140 -

600 190 7.5 190 180 160 150 140

610 195 7.7 210 190 180 160 150 140

630 200 7.9 230 210 190 180 160 150 140 130 Light

640 205 8.1 240 220 210 190 180 170 150 140 130 Medium

660 210 8.3 260 240 220 210 190 180 170 150 140 140 Stout

680 215 8.5 290 260 240 220 200 190 180 170 150 150 Extra Stout

690 220 8.7 310 290 250 230 220 200 190 180 160 160

710 225 8.9 330 310 280 250 230 210 200 190 170 170

720 230 9.1 360 330 300 280 240 230 210 200 190 180

740 235 9.3 380 350 330 300 280 240 220 210 200 190

750 240 9.4 410 370 350 320 300 280 230 220 210 200

770 245 9.6 430 400 370 340 320 300 280 230 220 210

790 250 9.8 450 420 390 360 340 320 300 280 260 220

800 255 10.0 480 440 410 380 360 330 310 290 280 230

820 260 10.2 500 460 430 400 370 350 330 310 290 280 270

830 265 10.4 550 490 450 420 390 370 350 330 310 300 280

850 270 10.6 590 510 470 440 410 390 360 340 320 320 300

860 275 10.8 620 580 490 460 430 400 380 360 340 330 310 300 280

880 280 11.0 660 610 570 480 450 420 400 370 350 350 330 310 300

900 285 11.2 700 640 600 560 470 440 410 390 370 360 340 330 310

910 290 11.4 730 680 630 590 550 460 430 400 380 380 360 340 320 320 300

930 295 11.6 770 720 670 620 580 550 450 420 400 400 380 360 340 330 310

940 300 11.8 810 750 700 650 610 580 540 440 410 410 390 370 350 350 330

960 305 12.0 850 790 730 680 640 600 570 540 510 430 410 390 370 360 340 330 320

970 310 12.2 890 820 770 720 670 630 590 560 530 450 420 400 380 370 360 350 330

990 315 12.4 930 860 800 750 700 660 620 590 550 460 440 420 400 390 370 360 350 340 330

1010 320 12.6 970 900 840 780 730 690 650 610 580 560 530 430 410 400 380 380 360 360 340

1020 325 12.8 1,010 930 870 810 760 720 680 640 600 580 550 450 420 420 400 390 370 370 360

1040 330 13.0 1,050 970 900 840 790 750 700 660 630 600 570 460 440 430 410 410 390 390 370

1050 335 13.2 1,090 1,010 940 880 820 770 730 690 650 630 600 570 540 450 430 420 400 400 390 370

1070 340 13.4 1,130 1,040 970 910 850 800 760 710 680 650 620 590 560 460 440 430 410 420 400 380

1080 345 13.6 1,080 1,010 940 880 830 780 740 700 680 640 610 580 480 450 450 430 430 420 400

1100 350 13.8 1,040 970 910 860 810 770 730 700 670 630 600 580 550 460 440 450 430 410

1120 355 14.0 1,010 940 890 840 790 750 730 690 660 630 600 570 480 460 460 440 430

1130 360 14.2 970 920 860 820 770 750 710 680 650 620 590 490 470 480 460 440

1150 365 14.4 950 890 840 800 780 740 700 670 640 610 600 570 490 470 450

1160 370 14.6 920 870 820 800 760 720 690 660 630 620 590 510 490 470

1180 375 14.8 950 890 850 820 780 750 710 680 650 640 610 580 560 480

1190 380 15.0 920 870 850 810 770 730 700 670 660 630 600 580 500

1210 385 15.2 870 830 790 760 720 690 680 650 620 600 510

1230 390 15.4 900 850 810 780 740 710 700 670 640 620 590

1240 395 15.6 920 880 840 800 760 730 720 690 660 630 610

1260 400 15.7 860 820 780 750 740 710 680 650 630

1270 405 15.9 880 840 810 770 760 730 700 670 640

1290 410 16.1 900 860 830 790 780 750 720 690 660

1300 415 16.3 850 810 800 770 730 710 680

1320 420 16.5 870 830 820 790 750 720 730

1340 425 16.7 840 810 770 740 750

1350 430 16.9 860 820 790 760 770

1370 435 17.1 880 840 810 780 790

1380 440 17.3 830 800 810

1400 445 17.5 850 810 830

1410 450 17.7 870 830 850

1430 455 17.9 870

1450 460 18.1 890

1460 465 18.3 910

Planting depth m 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1

NOTE 1: Calculations are taken from BS 1990 Appendix A2 Un-stayed Poles. Table 2 in BS 1990 has been calculated placing the conductor load 0.6m below the pole top - this represents the loading point of a 4 wire LV Line. This table has been calculated placing the conductor load 0.15m below the pole top and represents the loading point of ABC.

NOTE 2: The Wind Loading on the pole has been deducted from the SWL. The values given in BS1990 Table 2 do not include the effect of wind loading and so will yield higher loads than given in this table.To convert to a different FoS multiply by 2.5 and then divide by the new FoS.

APPENDIX F – WIND LOADING


F.2 PoleLoadingStrengths(VerticalForces)

Circ

umfe

renc

e 1.

5m fr

om b

utt m

m Dia 1.5m from butt Pole LOAD Safe Working Load (SWL) in kgf (applied 0.3m from pole top) Factor of Safety 2.5

Pole length (metres and feet)

8.5 m 9.0 m 9.5 m 10.0 m 10.5 m 11.0 m 11.5 m 12.0 m 12.5 m 13.0 m 13.5 m 14.0 m 14.5 m 15.0 m 15.5 m 16.0 m 16.5 m 17.0 m 17.5 m 18.0 m

mm inches 28.1 ft 29.7 ft 31.4 ft 33.0 ft 34.7 ft 36.3 ft 38.0 ft 39.6 ft 41.3 ft 42.9 ft 44.6 ft 46.2 ft 47.9 ft 49.5 ft 51.2 ft 52.8 ft 54.5 ft 56.1 ft 57.8 ft 59.4 ft

570 180 7.1 1,500 1,400

580 185 7.3 1,600 1,400 1,200 1,100

600 190 7.5 1,700 1,500 1,300 1,100 1,000

610 195 7.7 1,800 1,600 1,400 1,200 1,100 1,000

630 200 7.9 1,900 1,600 1,400 1,300 1,100 1,000 900 800 Light

640 205 8.1 2,000 1,700 1,500 1,300 1,200 1,100 1,000 900 800 Medium

660 210 8.3 2,100 1,800 1,600 1,400 1,200 1,100 1,000 900 800 800 Stout

680 215 8.5 3,200 1,900 1,600 1,500 1,300 1,200 1,100 1,000 900 900 Extra Stout

690 220 8.7 3,300 2,900 1,700 1,500 1,400 1,300 1,100 1,000 900 900

710 225 8.9 3,500 3,000 2,600 1,600 1,400 1,300 1,200 1,100 1,000 1,000

720 230 9.1 3,600 3,100 2,700 2,400 1,500 1,400 1,200 1,100 1,000 1,000

740 235 9.3 3,800 3,300 2,800 2,500 2,200 1,400 1,300 1,200 1,100 1,000

750 240 9.4 3,900 3,400 3,000 2,600 2,300 2,200 1,300 1,200 1,100 1,100

770 245 9.6 4,100 3,500 3,100 2,700 2,400 2,300 2,000 1,300 1,100 1,100

790 250 9.8 4,200 3,700 3,200 2,800 2,500 2,300 2,100 1,900 1,700 1,200

800 255 10.0 4,400 3,800 3,300 2,900 2,600 2,400 2,200 2,000 1,800 1,200

820 260 10.2 4,600 4,000 3,500 3,100 2,700 2,500 2,300 2,000 1,900 1,900 1,800

830 265 10.4 7,800 4,100 3,600 3,200 2,800 2,600 2,400 2,100 1,900 2,000 1,800

850 270 10.6 8,000 4,300 3,700 3,300 2,900 2,700 2,400 2,200 2,000 2,100 1,900

860 275 10.8 8,300 7,200 3,900 3,400 3,000 2,800 2,500 2,300 2,100 2,200 2,000 1,800 1,700

880 280 11.0 8,600 7,400 6,500 3,600 3,200 2,900 2,600 2,400 2,100 2,200 2,000 1,900 1,700

900 285 11.2 8,900 7,700 6,700 5,900 3,300 3,000 2,700 2,500 2,200 2,300 2,100 1,900 1,800

910 290 11.4 9,200 8,000 7,000 6,100 5.500 3,100 2,800 2,500 2,300 2,400 2,200 2,000 1,800 1,900 1,700

930 295 11.6 9,500 8,200 7,200 6,300 5.600 5,300 2,900 2,600 2,400 2,500 2,300 2,100 1,900 1,900 1,800

940 300 11.8 9,800 8,500 7,400 6,600 5,800 5,400 4,900 2,700 2,500 2,600 2,300 2,100 2,000 2,000 1,800

960 305 12.0 10,500 8,800 7,700 6,800 6,000 5,600 5,000 4,500 4,100 2,600 2,400 2,200 2,000 2,100 1,900 1,900 1,800

970 310 12.2 10,500 9,100 7,900 7,000 6,200 5,800 5,200 4,700 4,300 2,700 2,500 2,300 2,100 2,100 2,000 1,900 1,800

990 315 12.4 10,800 9,300 8,200 7,200 6,400 6,000 5,400 4,800 4,400 2,800 2,600 2,400 2,200 2,200 2,000 2,000 1,900

1010 320 12.6 11,100 9,600 8,400 7,400 6,600 6,100 5,500 5,000 4,500 4,300 4,000 2,400 2,300 2,300 2,100 2,100 1,900 2,000 1,900

1020 325 12.8 11,500 10,000, 8,700 7,700 6,800 6,300 5,700 5,100 4,700 4,500 4,100 2,500 2,300 2,300 2,200 2,100 2,000 2,100 2,000

1040 330 13.0 11,900 10,300 9,000 7,900 7,000 6,500 5,900 5,300 4,800 4,600 4,200 2,600 2,400 2,400 2,200 2,200 2,000 2,100 2,000

1050 335 13.2 12,200 10,600 9,200 8,100 7,200 6,700 6,000 5,400 4,900 4,700 4,300 4,000 3,700 2,500 2,300 2,300 2,100 2,200 2,100 1,900

1070 340 13.4 12,600 10,900 9,500 8,400 7,500 6,900 6,200 5,600 5,100 4,900 4,500 4,100 3,800 2,600 2,400 2,300 2,200 2,300 2,100 2,000

1080 345 13.6 11,200 9,800 8,700 7,700 7,100 6,400 5,800 5,200 5,000 4,600 4,200 3,900 2,600 2,400 2,400 2,200 2,300 2,200 2,100

1100 350 13.8 10,100 8,900 7,900 7,300 6,600 5,900 5,400 5,200 4,700 4,300 4,000 3,800 3,500 2,500 2,300 2,400 2,300 2,100

1120 355 14.0 9,200 8,100 7,500 6,800 6,100 5,500 5,300 4,900 4,500 4,100 3,900 3,600 2,600 2,400 2,500 2,300 2,200

1130 360 14.2 8,400 7,800 7,000 6,300 5,700 5,500 5,000 4,600 4,200 4,000 3,700 2,600 2,400 2,600 2,400 2,200

1150 365 14.4 8,000 7,200 6,500 5,900 5,600 5,100 4,700 4,300 4,100 3,800 3,700 3,500 2,600 2,500 2,300

1160 370 14.6 7,400 6,600 6,000 5,800 5,300 4,800 4,500 4,200 3,900 3,800 3,600 2,700 2,500 2,400

1180 375 14.8 7,600 6,800 6,200 5,900 5,400 5,000 4,600 4,300 4,000 3,900 3,700 3,400 3,200 2,400

1190 380 15.0 7,000 6,400 6,100 5,600 5,100 4,700 4,500 4,100 4,000 3,800 3,500 3,300 2,500

1210 385 15.2 6,300 5,700 5,300 4,800 4,600 4,200 4,100 3,900 3,600 3,400 2,600

1230 390 15.4 6,400 5,900 5,400 5,000 4,700 4,400 4,300 4,000 3,700 3,500 3,200

1240 395 15.6 6,600 6,000 5,500 5,100 4,800 4,500 4,400 4,100 3,800 3,500 3,300

1260 400 15.7 5,700 5,200 5,000 4,600 4,500 4,200 3,900 3,600 3,400

1270 405 15.9 5,800 5,400 5,100 4,700 4,600 4,300 4,000 3,700 3,500

1290 410 16.1 6,000 5,500 5,200 4,800 4,700 4,400 4,100 3,800 3,600

1300 415 16.3 5,300 5,000 4,800 4,500 4,200 3,900 3,700

1320 420 16.5 5,500 5,100 5,000 4,600 4,300 4,000 3,800

1340 425 16.7 5,100 4,700 4,400 4,100 4,000

1350 430 16.9 5,200 4,800 4,500 4,200 4,100

1370 435 17.1 5,300 5,000 4,600 4,300 4,200

1380 440 17.3 4,700 4,400 4,300

1400 445 17.5 4,900 4,500 4,400

1410 450 17.7 5,000 4,700 4,500

1430 455 17.9 4,600

1450 460 18.1 4,700

1460 465 18.3 4,800

Planting depth m 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1

NOTE: Calculations are taken from BS 1990 Appendix A3 Stayed Poles. Table 3 in BS 1990 has been calculated placing the conductor load 0.3m below the pole top - this represents the loading point of a staywire .

To convert to a different FoS multiply by 2.5 and then divide by the new FoS.


G.1 Basic,Equivalent,RecommendedSpansExplainedThe Basic Span is the span length used in the sag calculations to generate the sags and tensions over a range of span lengths and temperatures. It is also known as the Equivalent Span when used in HV line design.

Where L1, L

2, L

3, etc are the individual span lengths in the section.

For HV tower lines the Equivalent Span is calculated for each section between tension towers and a set of sag/tension tables are calculated that are unique to each section. This is necessary because of the long spans and the need for great accuracy in designing clearances and tower heights.

For wood pole lines it is sufficiently accurate to select an Equivalent Span which represents the typical span lengths used on the line and this is known as the Basic Span. Sag/tension tables are calculated using this Basic Span and these are valid provided the actual span lengths are kept to within +/- 20% of the Basic Span length. In this case the Basic Span is also referred to as the Recommended Span.

For LV Open Wire Overhead Lines: Basic/ Recommended Span is 50m. Maximum Span is 60m (50m +20%).

Ideally the minimum span should be 40m (50m -20%) but this is not always practical to achieve if services have to be connected. Having spans less than 40m results in the conductors becoming over tensioned at low temperatures. This can be serious at 11kV and 33kV where conductors are running at higher tensions and may suffer wind induced (Aeolian) vibration damage if over tensioned at low temperatures. However this is not serious at LV as conductors are run at a much lower tension and the proximity of houses breaks up the wind flow making Aeolian vibration unlikely.

However, building a line with most spans longer than the Basic Span +20% will result in sags that are greater than they really need to be compared to a line designed at a longer Basic Span.

A 70mm2 cu line erected using sag tables based on a 50m basic span will result in a sag of 2.9m on a 90m span at 50OC. The same line using 70 to 90m spans but erected using tables based on a 70m Basic Span will result in a sag of 2.4m on a 90m span at 50OC. This will result in less chance of clashing and allow shorter poles to be used.

Some LV Open Wire Lines that run across farm land have span lengths greater than 60m (and often have increased conductor spacing of 460mm instead of 300mm with the insulators staggered either side of the poles). It is important to note that these may have been designed to a Basic Span longer than 50m to reduce sag and economise on pole heights. This should be born in mind when carrying out work on these lines. When re-stringing long spans with ABC on the same poles there may be clearance problems if 50m Basic Span sag tables are used.

For example:

On a 90m span at 50OC the 95 ABC will sag 3.9m.

A 70mm2 copper line erected to a 50m basic span will sag 2.9m on 90m span.

The replacement ABC is installed at pole top thus gaining an extra 1.2m of clearance.

Subtracting 1.2m from 3.9m gives 2.7m. Therefore, despite the greater sag of the ABC compared to the 70mm2 Copper the ABC will still have 0.2m more ground clearance.

However, if the 70mm2 copper was originally erected to a 70m basic span it will sag 2.4m on a 90m span. Now the additional clearance of 1.2m gained by installing ABC at pole top does not compensate for the increased sag. 2.4 + 1.2 = 3.6m. But the ABC sags 3.9m and so it will have 0.3m less clearance than the bottom wire of the 70mm2 copper originally had.

If this reduced clearance infringes ground clearance then the poles heights must be increased. Alternatively the ABC could be erected to a 70 basic span which would reduce its sag from 3.9m to 3.34m making a sag reduction of 0.56m.

Appendix H.1 "Sag/Tension Charts" contains ABC sag/tension tables for basic spans of 50m and 70m.

APPENDIX G – SPANS


G.2 WindLoadingSpansExplainedThe Wind Loading Span is half the sum of the span lengths either side of an in-line pole.

For example: a pole with a 90m span on one side and a 80m span on the other has a Wind Loading Span of (90+80)/2 = 85m.

Cross wind acts on these conductors and results in a force at the pole top which acts to bend the pole and to cause it to lean by moving its foundation.

On LV lines the design capability of the pole and foundation to withstand this overturning force is based on a 50mph wind and 4.75mm of radial ice around the conductor. A Factor of Safety of 2.5 is then applied to the strength of the pole and foundation. In areas with severe weather and/or high altitude the FoS may be increased to 3.0 or 3.5.

A 50mph wind causes a pressure of 380N/mm2 or 38.7kg/m2 to act on the iced conductor.

The resulting force (called the Maximum Conductor Pressure or MCP) on each metre of conductor is calculated by the following formula:

The windspan is 85m and there are Four conductors.

Therefore windload on the pole is 4 x 85 x 0.78 = 265 kgf.

Table F.1 "Wind Loading" in Appendix F provides a list of pole sizes and Safe Working Loads in kgf. For this table it can be seen that a 10m pole would have to have a diameter of at least 230mm (1.5m from butt) to withstand the bending force.

In the Construction Manuals for new build lines these calculations have already been carried out for the standard range of conductors and ‘pre-engineered’ tables of pole sizes are provided, often in terms of Light/Medium or Stout class poles rather than actual diameters.

For existing Open Wire Lines the conductor sizes are often different from the modern standard range and so when replacing poles or re-stringing a line with ABC the strength of the existing poles needs to be established.

Table F.1 (Pole wind loading strengths) contains the Safe Working Loads (SWL) for both metric and imperial pole sizes which can often be read from the markings at the 3m mark. Where these details are missing then the pole height and circumference at ground level can be measured and the wind loading strength looked up in the table. Note that the circumference should ideally be measured 1.5m from the butt. However, a ground level measurement is sufficiently accurate.


If when replacing Open Wire conductors with ABC the wind loading may be calculated using the information Appendix C (Table of Mechanical Data) which has the dimensions of many legacy and modern conductors and also the calculated Maximum Conductor Pressure (MCP) on ice loaded conductors in kgf. The MCP value is multiplied by the number of conductors and the wind loading span to give the pole top loading.

The following Sag/Tension Charts have been re-calculated with the ENATS 43-40 spreadsheet using the data for the LV conductors previously used in EPN and SPN.

A number of errors have been identified in the EPN and SPN charts and these have been corrected in this Manual.

These Sag Tension charts calculated by the ENATS 43-40 spreadsheet correlate very closely with the charts published in ENATS 43-30 for Hard Drawn Aluminium Conductors when the ENATS 43-30 Maximum Working Tensions (MWT) are used. Note that for 50mm2 Hard Drawn Aluminium conductor both EPN and SPN used different MWT values to ENATS 43-30 and so these sag tables differ in this Manual. The MWT for 100mm2 HDA used by both EPN and SPN are the same as ENATS 43-30 and so the sag/tension tables are the same.

ENATS 43-30 does not specify the conductor stranding for the Hard Drawn Copper (HDC) conductors and just refers to the nominal sizes. There are several variations of stranding for each nominal size and the results in the sag/tension charts will vary depending on the exact conductor used. The sag/tension charts in this manual have been calculated using the sizes and MWT specified in the legacy EPN and SPN LV manuals and so these will not necessarily match the tables in ENATS 43-30.

Sections H.17 and H.19 contain sag/tension charts for 95 and 120 ABC for 50m basic spans to be used with new build line at normal tension. These are the same values that are published in Construction Manual Section 1.

Sections H.18 and H.20 contain sag/tension charts for 95 and 120 ABC for 70m basic span. These are for use where LV Open Wire Lines with long spans are to be re-strung with ABC using the same poles. The use of the 70m basic span results in 0.6m less sag on a 90m span at 50OC which can reduce the need to replace sound poles to maintain ground clearance.


H.1 0.025in2 /16mm2 HardDrawnCopper(EPN)

TemperatureDesignTension

Sag(m)forSpanLength

OC kgf 20m 25m 30m 35m 40m 45m 50m 55m 60m

-5.6 88 0.08 0.13 0.19 0.26 0.34 0.43 0.53 0.64 0.76

0 80 0.09 0.14 0.21 0.28 0.37 0.47 0.58 0.70 0.83

5 74 0.10 0.16 0.22 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.62 0.75 0.89

10 69 0.11 0.17 0.24 0.33 0.43 0.54 0.67 0.81 0.96

15 65 0.11 0.18 0.26 0.35 0.45 0.58 0.71 0.86 1.02

20 61 0.12 0.19 0.27 0.37 0.48 0.61 0.75 0.91 1.08

25 58 0.13 0.20 0.29 0.39 0.51 0.64 0.80 0.96 1.15

30 55 0.13 0.21 0.30 0.41 0.54 0.68 0.84 1.01 1.20

50 47 0.16 0.25 0.36 0.48 0.63 0.80 0.99 1.20 1.43

60 44 0.17 0.27 0.38 0.52 0.68 0.86 1.06 1.28 1.53

75 40 0.19 0.29 0.42 0.57 0.74 0.94 1.16 1.40 1.67

DesignData

ConductorStrandingandCodeName(ifany) 3/2.65 HDC Comments

Greased Conductor Weight 0.148 Kg/m

Cross Sectional Area of Conductor 16.55 mm2

Conductor Overall Diameter 5.69 mm

Coefficient of Linear Expansion 0.000017 /OC

Modulus of Elasticity 12655 Kg/mm2

Rated Breaking Strength of Conductor 671 kgf

Basic / Recommended Span 50 M

Wind Pressure on Conductor 380 N/m2

Radial Ice Thickness 4.75 mm

Ice Density 913 kg/m3

Absolute Maximum Working Tension (MWT)

Limit220 kgf As per ENATS 43-30

Temperature at MWT Limit -5.6 OC

Maximum "Everyday" Tension (EDT) Limit 223.7 kgf EDT Limit is not used at LV. Set to arbitrary

25OC in software.Temperature at EDT Limit 25 OC

Maximum Conductor Tension (MCT) 220.0 kgf

Maximum Conductor Weight (MCW) 0.290 kg/m

Maximum Conductor Pressure (MCP) 0.589 kg/m

Freezing Point Tension (FPT) at 0oC 80.2 kgf

Factor of Safety 3.05

APPENDIX H – SAG / TENSION CHARTS


H.2 0.025in2 /16mm2 HardDrawnCopper(SPN)


Sag(m)forSpanLength

OC kgf 20m 25m 30m 35m 40m 45m 50m 55m 60m

-5.6 184 0.04 0.06 0.09 0.12 0.16 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.36

0 167 0.04 0.07 0.10 0.14 0.18 0.22 0.28 0.34 0.40

5 152 0.05 0.08 0.11 0.15 0.19 0.25 0.30 0.37 0.44

10 139 0.05 0.08 0.12 0.16 0.21 0.27 0.33 0.40 0.48

15 126 0.06 0.09 0.13 0.18 0.23 0.30 0.37 0.44 0.53

20 115 0.06 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.26 0.33 0.40 0.49 0.58

25 104 0.07 0.11 0.16 0.22 0.28 0.36 0.44 0.54 0.64

30 95 0.08 0.12 0.17 0.24 0.31 0.39 0.49 0.59 0.70

50 70 0.11 0.17 0.24 0.33 0.42 0.54 0.66 0.80 0.96

60 62 0.12 0.19 0.27 0.37 0.48 0.61 0.75 0.91 1.08

75 53 0.14 0.22 0.31 0.43 0.56 0.71 0.87 1.06 1.26

DesignData













Limit285 kgf SPN value


Maximum "Everyday" Tension (EDT) Limit 285 kgf EDT Limit is not used at LV. Set to arbitrary





Freezing Point Tension (FPT) at 0OC 167 kgf


The MWT of 285 kgf used in SPN is higher than the 222 kgf value used in EPN and ENATS 43-30




Sag(m)forSpanLength

OC kgf 20m 25m 30m 35m 40m 45m 50m 55m 60m

-5.6 343 0.04 0.06 0.09 0.12 0.16 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35

0 309 0.04 0.07 0.10 0.13 0.17 0.22 0.27 0.33 0.39

5 281 0.05 0.08 0.11 0.15 0.19 0.24 0.30 0.36 0.43

10 254 0.05 0.08 0.12 0.16 0.21 0.27 0.33 0.40 0.48

15 229 0.06 0.09 0.13 0.18 0.24 0.30 0.37 0.44 0.53

20 207 0.07 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.26 0.33 0.41 0.49 0.59

25 188 0.07 0.11 0.16 0.22 0.29 0.36 0.45 0.54 0.65

30 171 0.08 0.12 0.18 0.24 0.32 0.40 0.49 0.60 0.71

50 125 0.11 0.17 0.24 0.33 0.43 0.55 0.68 0.82 0.98

60 110 0.12 0.19 0.28 0.38 0.49 0.62 0.77 0.93 1.10

75 95 0.14 0.22 0.32 0.44 0.57 0.72 0.89 1.08 1.28

DesignData






Modulus of Elasticity 12655.29003 Kg/mm2







Limit455 kgf As per ENATS 43-30




Maximum Conductor Tension (MCT) 455 kgf








Sag(m)forSpanLength

OC kgf 20m 25m 30m 35m 40m 45m 50m 55m 60m

-5.6 410 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.10 0.13 0.17 0.21 0.25 0.30

0 373 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.11 0.14 0.18 0.23 0.27 0.33

5 342 0.04 0.06 0.09 0.12 0.16 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.36

10 312 0.04 0.07 0.10 0.13 0.17 0.22 0.27 0.33 0.39

15 283 0.05 0.07 0.11 0.15 0.19 0.24 0.30 0.36 0.43

20 256 0.05 0.08 0.12 0.16 0.21 0.27 0.33 0.40 0.47

25 232 0.06 0.09 0.13 0.18 0.23 0.29 0.36 0.44 0.52

30 209 0.06 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.26 0.33 0.40 0.49 0.58

50 145 0.09 0.15 0.21 0.28 0.37 0.47 0.58 0.70 0.84

60 125 0.11 0.17 0.24 0.33 0.43 0.54 0.67 0.81 0.97

75 105 0.13 0.20 0.29 0.39 0.51 0.65 0.80 0.97 1.16

DesignData













Limit504 kgf SPN value













Sag(m)forSpanLength

OC kgf 20m 25m 30m 35m 40m 45m 50m 55m 60m

-5.6 461 0.07 0.11 0.15 0.21 0.27 0.34 0.42 0.51 0.61

0 416 0.07 0.12 0.17 0.23 0.30 0.38 0.47 0.57 0.67

5 380 0.08 0.13 0.18 0.25 0.33 0.41 0.51 0.62 0.73

10 350 0.09 0.14 0.20 0.27 0.35 0.45 0.55 0.67 0.80

15 324 0.10 0.15 0.22 0.29 0.38 0.49 0.60 0.73 0.86

20 301 0.10 0.16 0.23 0.32 0.41 0.52 0.64 0.78 0.93

25 282 0.11 0.17 0.25 0.34 0.44 0.56 0.69 0.83 0.99

30 265 0.12 0.18 0.26 0.36 0.47 0.59 0.73 0.89 1.05

50 217 0.14 0.22 0.32 0.44 0.57 0.73 0.90 1.08 1.29

60 200 0.16 0.24 0.35 0.48 0.62 0.79 0.97 1.18 1.40

75 180 0.17 0.27 0.39 0.53 0.69 0.87 1.08 1.30 1.55

DesignData







Rated Breaking Strength of Conductor 2741.0 kgf






Limit612.0 kgf

As per ENATS 43-30


Maximum "Everyday" Tension (EDT) Limit 913 kgfEDT Limit is not used at LV. Set to arbitrary

25OC in software.

Temperature at EDT Limit 25 OC









Sag(m)forSpanLength

OC kgf 20m 25m 30m 35m 40m 45m 50m 55m 60m

-5.6 744 0.04 0.07 0.09 0.13 0.17 0.21 0.26 0.32 0.38

0 674 0.05 0.07 0.10 0.14 0.18 0.23 0.29 0.35 0.41

5 615 0.05 0.08 0.11 0.15 0.20 0.26 0.32 0.38 0.45

10 560 0.06 0.09 0.12 0.17 0.22 0.28 0.35 0.42 0.50

15 509 0.06 0.10 0.14 0.19 0.24 0.31 0.38 0.46 0.55

20 463 0.07 0.10 0.15 0.21 0.27 0.34 0.42 0.51 0.60

25 422 0.07 0.12 0.17 0.23 0.29 0.37 0.46 0.56 0.66

30 386 0.08 0.13 0.18 0.25 0.32 0.41 0.50 0.61 0.72

50 285 0.11 0.17 0.25 0.33 0.44 0.55 0.68 0.82 0.98

60 253 0.12 0.19 0.28 0.38 0.49 0.62 0.77 0.93 1.10

75 218 0.14 0.22 0.32 0.44 0.57 0.72 0.89 1.08 1.28

DesignData













Limit846.0 kgf SPN value







Freezing Point Tension (FPT) at 0OC 674.1 kgf






Sag(m)forSpanLength

OC kgf 20m 25m 30m 35m 40m 45m 50m 55m 60m

-5.6 674 0.08 0.13 0.19 0.26 0.34 0.42 0.52 0.63 0.75

0 615 0.09 0.14 0.21 0.28 0.37 0.46 0.57 0.69 0.83

5 571 0.10 0.15 0.22 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.62 0.75 0.89

10 532 0.11 0.17 0.24 0.33 0.42 0.54 0.66 0.80 0.96

15 499 0.11 0.18 0.25 0.35 0.45 0.57 0.71 0.86 1.02

20 471 0.12 0.19 0.27 0.37 0.48 0.61 0.75 0.91 1.08

25 446 0.13 0.20 0.29 0.39 0.51 0.64 0.79 0.96 1.14

30 424 0.13 0.21 0.30 0.41 0.53 0.68 0.83 1.01 1.20

50 358 0.16 0.25 0.36 0.48 0.63 0.80 0.99 1.19 1.42

60 334 0.17 0.26 0.38 0.52 0.68 0.86 1.06 1.28 1.52

75 305 0.19 0.29 0.42 0.57 0.74 0.94 1.16 1.40 1.67

DesignData













Limit850.0 kgf SPN value









125 HDC not used in EPN


H.8 0.0225in2 cueq /22mm2 HardDrawnAluminiumMIDGE(SPN)


Sag(m)forSpanLength

OC kgf 20m 25m 30m 35m 40m 45m 50m 55m 60m

-5.6 69 0.05 0.07 0.10 0.14 0.19 0.24 0.29 0.35 0.42

0 57 0.06 0.09 0.13 0.17 0.23 0.29 0.35 0.43 0.51

5 48 0.07 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.27 0.34 0.42 0.50 0.60

10 41 0.08 0.12 0.17 0.24 0.31 0.39 0.49 0.59 0.70

15 36 0.09 0.14 0.20 0.27 0.36 0.45 0.56 0.67 0.80

20 32 0.10 0.16 0.22 0.31 0.40 0.51 0.62 0.76 0.90

25 29 0.11 0.17 0.25 0.34 0.44 0.56 0.69 0.84 0.99

30 27 0.12 0.19 0.27 0.37 0.48 0.61 0.75 0.91 1.09

50 20 0.16 0.24 0.35 0.48 0.63 0.79 0.98 1.18 1.41

60 19 0.17 0.27 0.39 0.53 0.69 0.87 1.08 1.30 1.55

75 16 0.19 0.30 0.44 0.59 0.78 0.98 1.21 1.47 1.75

DesignData

ConductorStrandingandCodeName(ifany) 7/2.06MidgeHDA

Comments












Limit203.0 kgf









22mm2 HDA Midge not used in EPN


H.9 0.025in2 /25mm2 HardDrawnAluminiumGNAT(EPN)


Sag(m)forSpanLength

OC kgf 20m 25m 30m 35m 40m 45m 50m 55m 60m

-5.6 91 0.04 0.06 0.09 0.12 0.16 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.36

0 75 0.05 0.08 0.11 0.15 0.19 0.25 0.30 0.37 0.44

5 63 0.06 0.09 0.13 0.18 0.23 0.29 0.36 0.44 0.52

10 53 0.07 0.11 0.15 0.21 0.27 0.35 0.43 0.52 0.61

15 46 0.08 0.12 0.18 0.24 0.32 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.71

20 40 0.09 0.14 0.20 0.28 0.36 0.46 0.57 0.69 0.82

25 36 0.10 0.16 0.23 0.31 0.41 0.51 0.64 0.77 0.91

30 33 0.11 0.18 0.25 0.34 0.45 0.57 0.70 0.85 1.01

50 24 0.15 0.23 0.34 0.46 0.60 0.76 0.94 1.13 1.35

60 22 0.17 0.26 0.37 0.51 0.66 0.84 1.04 1.26 1.49

75 19 0.19 0.29 0.42 0.58 0.75 0.95 1.18 1.42 1.69

DesignData

ConductorStrandingandCodeName(ifany) 7/2.21GnatHDA

Comments












Limit220.0 kgf









25mm2 HDA Gnat not used in SPN


H.10 0.05in2 /50mm2 HardDrawnAluminiumANT(EPN)


Sag(m)forSpanLength

OC kgf 20m 25m 30m 35m 40m 45m 50m 55m 60m

-5.6 342 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.11 0.13 0.16 0.19

0 303 0.02 0.04 0.05 0.07 0.10 0.12 0.15 0.18 0.22

5 268 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.11 0.14 0.17 0.20 0.24

10 235 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.09 0.12 0.16 0.19 0.23 0.28

15 202 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.11 0.14 0.18 0.22 0.27 0.32

20 172 0.04 0.07 0.09 0.13 0.17 0.21 0.26 0.32 0.38

25 145 0.05 0.08 0.11 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.31 0.38 0.45

30 122 0.06 0.09 0.13 0.18 0.24 0.30 0.37 0.45 0.53

50 70 0.10 0.16 0.23 0.32 0.41 0.52 0.64 0.78 0.93

60 59 0.12 0.19 0.28 0.38 0.49 0.63 0.77 0.93 1.11

75 48 0.15 0.24 0.34 0.46 0.60 0.76 0.94 1.14 1.36

DesignData

ConductorStrandingandCodeName(ifany) 7/3.10 AntHDA Comments












Limit444.0 kgf EPN Value









The MWT of 440 kgf used in EPN is higher than the 420 kgf value used in EPN and ENATS 43-30


H.11 0.05in2 cueq /50mm2 HardDrawnAluminiumANTPVC(EPN)


Sag(m)forSpanLength

OC kgf 20m 25m 30m 35m 40m 45m 50m 55m 60m

-5.6 318 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.10 0.13 0.16 0.20 0.24 0.29

0 281 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.11 0.15 0.19 0.23 0.28 0.33

5 249 0.04 0.06 0.09 0.13 0.17 0.21 0.26 0.31 0.37

10 219 0.05 0.07 0.11 0.14 0.19 0.24 0.29 0.35 0.42

15 192 0.05 0.08 0.12 0.16 0.21 0.27 0.34 0.41 0.48

20 167 0.06 0.10 0.14 0.19 0.25 0.31 0.38 0.47 0.55

25 146 0.07 0.11 0.16 0.22 0.28 0.36 0.44 0.53 0.63

30 129 0.08 0.12 0.18 0.24 0.32 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.72

50 86 0.12 0.19 0.27 0.37 0.48 0.60 0.75 0.90 1.07

60 75 0.14 0.21 0.31 0.42 0.55 0.70 0.86 1.04 1.24

75 64 0.16 0.25 0.36 0.50 0.65 0.82 1.01 1.23 1.46

DesignData

ConductorStrandingandCodeName(ifany) 7/3.10AntHDAPVC

Comments












Limit444 kgf EPN Value









The MWT of 440 kgf used in EPN is higher than the 420 kgf value used in EPN and ENATS 43-30


H.12 0.05in2 cueq/50mm2 HardDrawnAluminiumANT(SPN)


Sag(m)forSpanLength

OC kgf 20m 25m 30m 35m 40m 45m 50m 55m 60m

-5.6 310 0.02 0.04 0.05 0.07 0.09 0.12 0.15 0.18 0.21

0 271 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.11 0.14 0.17 0.20 0.24

5 237 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.09 0.12 0.15 0.19 0.23 0.27

10 205 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.11 0.14 0.18 0.22 0.27 0.32

15 175 0.04 0.06 0.09 0.13 0.17 0.21 0.26 0.31 0.37

20 147 0.05 0.08 0.11 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.31 0.37 0.44

25 124 0.06 0.09 0.13 0.18 0.23 0.30 0.37 0.44 0.53

30 105 0.07 0.11 0.16 0.21 0.28 0.35 0.43 0.52 0.62

50 64 0.11 0.18 0.25 0.35 0.45 0.57 0.70 0.85 1.01

60 55 0.13 0.21 0.30 0.41 0.53 0.67 0.83 1.00 1.19

75 46 0.16 0.25 0.36 0.49 0.63 0.80 0.99 1.20 1.43

DesignData

ConductorStrandingandCodeName(ifany) 7/3.10 AntHDA Comments












Limit422.0 kgf ENATS 43-30 Value










H.13 0.05in2 cueq/50mm2 HardDrawnAluminiumANTPVC(EPN)


Sag(m)forSpanLength

OC kgf 20m 25m 30m 35m 40m 45m 50m 55m 60m

-5.6 285 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.11 0.14 0.18 0.23 0.27 0.33

0 249 0.04 0.06 0.09 0.13 0.17 0.21 0.26 0.31 0.37

5 219 0.05 0.07 0.11 0.14 0.19 0.24 0.29 0.36 0.42

10 192 0.05 0.08 0.12 0.16 0.21 0.27 0.34 0.41 0.48

15 167 0.06 0.10 0.14 0.19 0.25 0.31 0.39 0.47 0.55

20 146 0.07 0.11 0.16 0.22 0.28 0.36 0.44 0.53 0.63

25 129 0.08 0.13 0.18 0.25 0.32 0.41 0.50 0.61 0.72

30 114 0.09 0.14 0.20 0.28 0.36 0.46 0.56 0.68 0.81

50 80 0.13 0.20 0.29 0.39 0.51 0.65 0.80 0.97 1.16

60 71 0.15 0.23 0.33 0.45 0.58 0.74 0.91 1.10 1.31

75 61 0.17 0.27 0.38 0.52 0.68 0.86 1.06 1.28 1.53

DesignData

ConductorStrandingandCodeName(ifany) 7/3.10AntHDAPVC

Comments












Limit422 kgf ENATS 43-30 Value










H.14 0.1in2 cueq/100mm2 HardDrawnAluminiumWASP(EPNandSPN)


Sag(m)forSpanLength

OC kgf 20m 25m 30m 35m 40m 45m 50m 55m 60m

-5.6 451 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.10 0.13 0.17 0.20 0.25 0.29

0 381 0.04 0.06 0.09 0.12 0.15 0.20 0.24 0.29 0.35

5 323 0.05 0.07 0.10 0.14 0.18 0.23 0.29 0.35 0.41

10 272 0.05 0.08 0.12 0.17 0.22 0.27 0.34 0.41 0.49

15 230 0.06 0.10 0.14 0.20 0.26 0.32 0.40 0.49 0.58

20 197 0.08 0.12 0.17 0.23 0.30 0.38 0.47 0.57 0.68

25 171 0.09 0.13 0.19 0.26 0.34 0.44 0.54 0.65 0.78

30 152 0.10 0.15 0.22 0.30 0.39 0.49 0.61 0.74 0.88

50 107 0.14 0.21 0.31 0.42 0.55 0.69 0.86 1.04 1.24

60 95 0.15 0.24 0.35 0.47 0.62 0.78 0.97 1.17 1.39

75 83 0.18 0.28 0.40 0.55 0.71 0.90 1.11 1.35 1.60

DesignData

ConductorStrandingandCodeName(ifany) 7/4.39WaspHDA

Comments






















H.15 0.1in2 cueq/100mm2 HardDrawnAluminiumWASPPVC(EPNandSPN)


Sag(m)forSpanLength

OC kgf 20m 25m 30m 35m 40m 45m 50m 55m 60m

-5.6 421 0.05 0.07 0.11 0.15 0.19 0.24 0.30 0.36 0.43

0 360 0.06 0.09 0.13 0.17 0.22 0.28 0.35 0.42 0.50

5 314 0.06 0.10 0.14 0.20 0.26 0.32 0.40 0.48 0.58

10 274 0.07 0.11 0.17 0.22 0.29 0.37 0.46 0.55 0.66

15 242 0.08 0.13 0.19 0.25 0.33 0.42 0.52 0.63 0.75

20 215 0.09 0.15 0.21 0.29 0.37 0.47 0.58 0.71 0.84

25 195 0.10 0.16 0.23 0.32 0.41 0.52 0.65 0.78 0.93

30 178 0.11 0.18 0.25 0.35 0.45 0.57 0.71 0.86 1.02

50 135 0.15 0.23 0.34 0.46 0.60 0.75 0.93 1.13 1.34

60 122 0.17 0.26 0.37 0.51 0.66 0.84 1.03 1.25 1.49

75 107 0.19 0.29 0.42 0.57 0.75 0.95 1.17 1.41 1.68

DesignData

ConductorStrandingandCodeName(ifany) 7/4.39Wasp

HDAPVCComments






















H.16 0.15in2 cueq/150mm2 HardDrawnAluminiumHORNET(EPN)


Sag(m)forSpanLength

OC kgf 20m 25m 30m 35m 40m 45m 50m 55m 60m

-5.6 357 0.06 0.09 0.14 0.19 0.24 0.31 0.38 0.46 0.55

0 298 0.07 0.11 0.16 0.22 0.29 0.37 0.45 0.55 0.65

5 259 0.08 0.13 0.19 0.26 0.34 0.42 0.52 0.63 0.76

10 228 0.10 0.15 0.21 0.29 0.38 0.48 0.59 0.72 0.86

15 205 0.11 0.17 0.24 0.32 0.42 0.54 0.66 0.80 0.95

20 187 0.12 0.18 0.26 0.36 0.46 0.59 0.73 0.88 1.05

25 172 0.13 0.20 0.28 0.39 0.50 0.64 0.79 0.95 1.13

30 160 0.14 0.21 0.30 0.41 0.54 0.69 0.85 1.02 1.22

50 128 0.17 0.26 0.38 0.52 0.68 0.86 1.06 1.28 1.52

60 118 0.18 0.29 0.41 0.56 0.74 0.93 1.15 1.39 1.66

75 106 0.20 0.32 0.46 0.63 0.82 1.04 1.28 1.55 1.84

DesignData

ConductorStrandingandCodeName(ifany) 19/3.25HornetHDA

Comments












Limit612.0 kgf ENATS 43-30 Value










H.17 4x95ABC50mBasicSpan(NewBuild)


Sag(m)forSpanLength

OC kgf 10m 20m 30m 40m 50m 60m 70m 80m 90m

-5.6 643 0.03 0.10 0.23 0.40 0.63 0.91 1.24 1.61 2.04

0 580 0.03 0.11 0.25 0.45 0.70 1.01 1.37 1.79 2.27

5 534 0.03 0.12 0.27 0.49 0.76 1.09 1.49 1.95 2.47

10 496 0.03 0.13 0.29 0.52 0.82 1.18 1.60 2.10 2.65

15 465 0.03 0.14 0.31 0.56 0.87 1.26 1.71 2.24 2.83

20 438 0.04 0.15 0.33 0.59 0.93 1.33 1.82 2.38 3.01

25 415 0.04 0.16 0.35 0.63 0.98 1.41 1.92 2.51 3.17

30 395 0.04 0.16 0.37 0.66 1.03 1.48 2.02 2.63 3.33

35 378 0.04 0.17 0.39 0.69 1.07 1.55 2.11 2.75 3.49

50 336 0.05 0.19 0.43 0.77 1.21 1.74 2.37 3.09 3.91

60 315 0.05 0.21 0.46 0.83 1.29 1.86 2.53 3.30 4.18

75 289 0.06 0.22 0.51 0.90 1.41 2.02 2.76 3.60 4.56

DesignData

ConductorStrandingandCodeName(ifany) 4/95 ABC Comments


Cross Sectional Area of Conductor 380 mm2

Conductor Overall Diameter 39 mm







Ice Density 1370 kg/m3Changed from 913 to allow for ice within

bundle


Limit1156.0 kgf


Maximum "Everyday" Tension (EDT) Limit 496.2 kgf(conductor mass/m x 1000 / 2.62)







These tension / sag charts are for new build 95 ABC according to Construction Manual Section 1


H.18 4x95ABC70mBasicSpan(LongSpans)


Sag(m)forSpanLength

OC kgf 10m 20m 30m 40m 50m 60m 70m 80m 90m

-5.6 566 0.03 0.11 0.26 0.46 0.72 1.03 1.41 1.84 2.32

0 538 0.03 0.12 0.27 0.48 0.75 1.09 1.48 1.93 2.45

5 516 0.03 0.13 0.28 0.50 0.79 1.13 1.54 2.02 2.55

10 496 0.03 0.13 0.29 0.52 0.82 1.18 1.60 2.10 2.65

15 478 0.03 0.14 0.31 0.54 0.85 1.22 1.66 2.17 2.75

20 462 0.04 0.14 0.32 0.56 0.88 1.27 1.72 2.25 2.85

25 447 0.04 0.15 0.33 0.58 0.91 1.31 1.78 2.32 2.94

30 434 0.04 0.15 0.34 0.60 0.94 1.35 1.83 2.40 3.03

35 422 0.04 0.15 0.35 0.62 0.96 1.39 1.89 2.47 3.12

50 390 0.04 0.17 0.38 0.67 1.04 1.50 2.04 2.67 3.38

60 372 0.04 0.17 0.39 0.70 1.09 1.57 2.14 2.80 3.54

75 349 0.05 0.19 0.42 0.74 1.16 1.67 2.28 2.98 3.77

DesignData

ConductorStrandingandCodeName(ifany) 4/95 ABC Comments











bundle


Limit1156 kgf









These tension / sag charts are for replacing Open Wire line on the same poles where the span lengths are longer than 50m.

e.g. across fields or along country roads. Typically the LV Open Wire line will have used increased phase spacing of 18 inches

(450mm) and spans lengths of 60m or more.


H.19 4x120ABC50mBasicSpan(NewBuild)


Sag(m)forSpanLength

OC kgf 10m 20m 30m 40m 50m 60m 70m 80m 90m

-5.6 792 0.03 0.1 0.23 0.4 0.63 0.91 1.24 1.62 2.04

0 712 0.03 0.11 0.25 0.45 0.7 1.01 1.38 1.8 2.27

5 655 0.03 0.12 0.27 0.49 0.76 1.1 1.5 1.95 2.47

10 609 0.03 0.13 0.3 0.53 0.82 1.18 1.61 2.1 2.66

15 570 0.04 0.14 0.32 0.56 0.88 1.26 1.72 2.25 2.84

20 537 0.04 0.15 0.34 0.6 0.93 1.34 1.83 2.38 3.02

25 509 0.04 0.16 0.35 0.63 0.98 1.42 1.93 2.52 3.18

30 484 0.04 0.17 0.37 0.66 1.03 1.49 2.02 2.64 3.34

35 463 0.04 0.17 0.39 0.69 1.08 1.56 2.12 2.76 3.5

50 412 0.05 0.19 0.44 0.78 1.21 1.75 2.38 3.11 3.93

60 386 0.05 0.21 0.47 0.83 1.3 1.87 2.54 3.32 4.2

75 354 0.06 0.23 0.51 0.9 1.41 2.03 2.77 3.61 4.57

DesignData

ConductorStrandingandCodeName(ifany) 4x120 ABC Comments











bundle


Limit1344.2 kgf









These tension / sag charts are for new build 120 ABC according to Construction Manual Section 1


H.20 4x120ABC70mBasicSpan(LongSpans)


Sag(m)forSpanLength

OC kgf 10m 20m 30m 40m 50m 60m 70m 80m 90m

-5.6 698 0.03 0.11 0.26 0.46 0.72 1.03 1.40 1.83 2.32

0 663 0.03 0.12 0.27 0.48 0.75 1.09 1.48 1.93 2.44

5 635 0.03 0.13 0.28 0.50 0.79 1.13 1.54 2.01 2.55

10 611 0.03 0.13 0.29 0.52 0.82 1.18 1.60 2.10 2.65

15 589 0.03 0.14 0.31 0.54 0.85 1.22 1.67 2.17 2.75

20 569 0.04 0.14 0.32 0.56 0.88 1.27 1.72 2.25 2.85

25 550 0.04 0.15 0.33 0.58 0.91 1.31 1.78 2.33 2.94

30 534 0.04 0.15 0.34 0.60 0.94 1.35 1.84 2.40 3.04

35 518 0.04 0.15 0.35 0.62 0.96 1.39 1.89 2.47 3.12

50 479 0.04 0.17 0.38 0.67 1.04 1.50 2.04 2.67 3.38

60 457 0.04 0.17 0.39 0.70 1.09 1.57 2.14 2.80 3.54

75 429 0.05 0.19 0.42 0.75 1.16 1.68 2.28 2.98 3.77

DesignData

ConductorStrandingandCodeName(ifany) 4X120 ABC Comments










Ice Density 1344.2 kg/m3Changed from 913 to allow for ice within

bundle


Limit1345 kgf









These tension / sag charts are for replacing Open Wire line on the same poles where the span lengths are longer than 50m.

e.g. across fields or along country roads. Typically the LV Open Wire line will have used increased phase spacing of 18 inches

(450mm) and spans lengths of 60m or more.


APPENDIX I – TERMINATIONS AND TIES FOR OPEN WIRE CONDUCTORS

I.1PreformedTiesandDeadEnds

The following preformed products are available in stores to terminate and bind-in a limited range of LV Open Wire conductors:

PreformedHelicalConductorLVDead-ends

ConductorType PLPCatalogueNo StoresCatNo

Metric Imperial

32mm2 0.05 in2 Bare Copper LVDE5615409-R TBC (AA)

70mm2 0.1 in2 Bare Copper LVDE5615417-R TBC (AA)

50mm2 0.05 cu.eq in2 Bare Aluminium (Ant) LVDE5115407-R TBC (AA)

100mm2 0.1 cu.eq in2 Bare Aluminium (Wasp) LVDE5115413-R TBC (AA)

32mm2 0.05 in2 Copper PVC LVDE5715568-R TBC (AA)

50mm2 0.05 cu.eq in2 Aluminium PVC (Ant) LVDE5715537-R TBC (AA)

70mm2 0.1 in2 Copper PVC LVDE5715577-R TBC (AA)

100mm2 0.1 cu.eq in2 Aluminium PVC (Wasp) LVDE5715543-R TBC (AA)

PreformedHelicalConductorLVInsulatorBinders

ConductorType PLPCatalogueNo StoresCatNo

Metric Imperial

32mm2 0.05 in2 Bare Copper LVT5623869-RN TBC (AA)

70mm2 0.1 in2 Bare Copper LVT5623877-RN TBC (AA)

50mm2 0.05 cu.eq in2 Bare Aluminium (Ant) LVT5123867-RN TBC (AA)

100mm2 0.1 cu.eq in2 Bare Aluminium (Wasp) LVT5123873-RN TBC (AA)

32mm2 0.05 in2 Copper PVC LVT5723868-RN TBC (AA)

50mm2 0.05 cu.eq in2 Aluminium PVC (Ant) LVT5723837-RN TBC (AA)

70mm2 0.1 in2 Copper PVC LVT5723877-RN TBC (AA)

100mm2 0.1 cu.eq in2 Aluminium PVC (Wasp) LVT5723843-RN TBC (AA)

For sizes not shown use hand bound terminations and ties in Appendix I.2


I.2HandBoundTiesandDeadEnds

DeadEndTermination

Binding material:

Bare and PVC Conductors:

Annealed copper 2.5mm diameter

Aluminium 2.5 mm diameter


IntermediateandAngleTie

Binding material:

Bare Conductors:

Annealed copper 2.5mm diameter

Aluminium 2.5 mm diameter

PVC Conductors:

Annealed copper 2.5mm diameter PVC covered 0.5mm thickness

Aluminium 2.5 mm diameter PVC covered 0.5mm thickness


APPENDIX J – MANUFACTURER'S INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS


APPENDIX K – TYPICAL INSTALLATION SCENARIOS

Pole

Outer Extremities of non-compliance

PoleBare Conductor Shrouding

3m

Climbable Trees


PoleBare Conductor

Shrouding

3m3m

Buildings


Bare Conductor

Shrouding

3m3m

1.0m min

No conductors shall be located in this

zone

Shrouding

Street Lighting

Shroud entire span

3m

contentslibrary.ukpowernetworks.co.uk/library/asset/f4cbe439-ad... · 2017. 9. 29. · mcw maximum...

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