2016.05.05 collective intelligence – an innovative research approach to promoting ocean literacies...
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Collective Intelligence – An Innovative Research
Approach to Promoting Ocean Literacies in Ireland
Dr. Christine Domegan, Dr. Patricia McHugh, Dr. Veronica McCauley & Dr. Kevin Davison
Social Innovation, Participation and Policy Cluster (SIPPs)
Thursday, 5th May 2016
Outline for Innovative Approaches to Promoting Ocean Literacies in Ireland (and Europe)
Seachange (H2020 project)
Social Innovation Participation and Policy (SIPPs)
Social Innovation in Education
Collective Intelligence
Micro- and Macro- Pedagogies
What is Sea Change?
Sea Change is a three-year EU H2020 funded project
that aims to establish a fundamental “Sea Change” in the way European citizens view their relationship with the sea,
by empowering them, as Ocean Literate citizens, to take direct and sustainable action towards a healthy ocean and seas,
healthy communities and ultimately a healthy planet
€3.5M (€300K to NUIG); 36 months; 17 partners from 9 different countries
An Ocean-Literate person:
• Understands the importance of the ocean to humankind
• Can communicate about the ocean in a meaningful way
• Is able to help us make informed and responsible decisions regarding the ocean and its resources
Science Outreach Strategies
Many science outreach programs are based on a “Deficit model”, which assumes that increasing awareness/knowledge will result in desired behavioural change
…These approaches ignore the array of influences on behaviours that may arise from interactions between stakeholders
(Domegan et al., 2010)
Social Innovation Participation and Policy (SIPPs)…
SIPPs researches pressing societal problems
SIPPs looks for community and collective initiatives that bring about positive social change
SIPPs seeks to understand interactions
Why the Need for SIPPs in Sea Change?
Nalumu Elizabeth Eleiton, Rebecca Corless and Stephen Hynes conducted a Review on the Public Perceptions of Marine Environmental Issues in 2015
Findings from the Review
The marine environment is very important for human wellbeing for its provisioning, regulating and supporting services
However, increased population and human activities are putting a strain on it and threatening its sustainability
A top-down approach to management of the marine environment has not always been successful creating a need for an ecosystem based approach, and more public engagement
Findings from the Review
The ecosystem approach takes into account public perception and encourages agencies to consider the public when making decisions in order to have public participation or ‘buy in’ to the various policies/strategies to management of the resource
Humans are an important component of the ecosystem and understanding their attitudes towards the marine environment is vital to the success of marine strategies
Therefore, Social Innovation and its approaches are needed to understand and achieve societal change
Social Innovation underpins Sea Change
Education
Citizen Science
Governance
SIPPs
Five SIPP Principles in Sea Change
Creative Principle
CollectivePrinciple
Competitive Principle
Client Principle
Change
Principle
Client Principle
Says to know, to really know, your target group(s)
Competitive Principle
Leads you to pay attention to other choices and alternatives
CollectivePrinciple
Shows how we cannot separate ourselves from our environment
Creative Principle
Tells us to seek imaginative and innovative solutions
Change
Principle
Directs us to value co-creation to close value-action gaps
Innovative Approaches being used in Sea Change
Education
Citizen Science
Governance
Collective Intelligence
Ideas Bank
Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping
A Collective Impact
Assessment Framework
Social Innovation for Education
Social Innovation theory goes significantly beyond just asking education groups for their opinions or what might be called ‘participation by consultation’
Social Innovation gives key education stakeholders a voice about the barriers to change and ownership and responsibility for solutions to influence their welfare
COLLABORATE EMPOWER
Trad Qual Focus Group
Stakeholders: Teachers, Curriculum Designers, Media, Outreach Officers, Government Agencies.
Collective Intelligence
Stakeholders: Teachers
Social Innovation for Education
Dual Stream Communication Co-creation, multiple stakeholders,
competing interests
What is Collective Intelligence?
A scientific solution-seeking methodology to visualise barriers and intervention strategies
A group decision-making process where diverse stakeholders work collaboratively to develop a consensus structural model of a complex social problem and consider effective solutions
Facilitation process helps groups deal with complex issues – ‘wicked problems’ through systems thinking
Empowers Sea Change’s capacity to act - due to multi-voice data
Allows for comparisons to be made between values/barriers and across different countries
Enables mobilisation design and development with people for action and change
Why Collective Intelligence?
Where is Collective Intelligence happening?
Collective Intelligence is being run in 8 European Countries:
1. Ireland
2. United Kingdom
3. Sweden
4. Portugal
5. Spain
6. Denmark
7. Greece
8. Belgium
Step 1 - Generate and Clarify Ideas In order to gain an insight into participants’ thoughts about curricular reform in relation to marine ecology a trigger question must be developed
The trigger question initiates thinking, reflection and discussion
Sea Change Trigger Question:
‘What are the barriers to teaching 12-19 year olds about the Ocean?’
Collective Intelligence Process
H h Online Component
Collective Intelligence Process
H h
Workshop Component
Images of CI Process
Second stage barrier categorisation
Example of a Structural Barrier Map
We can see two paths of
aggravation in this structural
map.
These barriers are in a cycle, meaning they significantly
aggravate each other.
The map is read from left to right, with barriers on the left
having the most aggravation.
1
2
Advancing Ocean Literacies…
Our approach to advancing ocean literacies involved the development of macro- and micro-pedagoglogical strategies:
Macro-pedagogies: Innovative, collective research
methodology leading to co-ownership of bariers and
solutions. Research process with multiple stakeholders
empowers participants act in their various capacities for
change, eg. teacher as outreach agent, or a policy maker
will bring new insight into her/his area
Micro-pedagogies: e-Books (corals, and plankton)
What’s Next….
All eight partner countries engage in the CI process
to generate Structural Barrier Maps
Meta-Analysis of data across all eight countries
resulting in Multi-Stage European Influence Map for
effectively advancing ocean literacy and curricular
reform
Collective Intelligence:
Is a research methodology that has the potential to
empower research participants by having them engage
fully in the process of investigation
Involves diverse stakeholders in the collective inquiry
process for ‘wicked problems’ to address causes
rather than solutions
Is a vehicle to overcome barriers to promote ocean
literacy in Ireland and across Europe
