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ICChESAThe 1st International Conference
Chemical Engineering Sciences & Applications
ABSTRACT PROCEEDINGS
Banda Aceh, 18-19 September 2013Banda Aceh, 18-19 September 2013Banda Aceh, 18-19 September 2013
ISSN: 2338-6606
Editors:Editors:Dr. M. Dani Supardan (Indonesia)Dr. M. Dani Supardan (Indonesia)
Dr. Abrar Muslim (Indonesia)Dr. Abrar Muslim (Indonesia)Prof. Dr. Koichi Fujie (Japan)Prof. Dr. Koichi Fujie (Japan)
Prof. Dr. Tauq Yap Yun Hin (Malaysia)Prof. Dr. Tauq Yap Yun Hin (Malaysia)Prof. Dr. Waei Abdelmoez Mohamed (Egypt)Prof. Dr. Waei Abdelmoez Mohamed (Egypt)
Dr. Johan Fellner (Austria)Dr. Johan Fellner (Austria)
Editors:Dr. M. Dani Supardan (Indonesia)
Dr. Abrar Muslim (Indonesia)Prof. Dr. Koichi Fujie (Japan)
Prof. Dr. Tauq Yap Yun Hin (Malaysia)Prof. Dr. Waei Abdelmoez Mohamed (Egypt)
Dr. Johan Fellner (Austria)
Chemical Engineering DepartmentEngineering Faculty
Syiah Kuala University
YNUGraduate School of Environmental and
Information ScienceYokohama National University
Syiah Kuala University Press2013
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EDITORIAL BOARD
Editors:
Dr. M.Dani Supardan (Indonesia)
Dr.Abrar Muslim (Indonesia)
Prof.Dr. Koichi Fujie (Japan)
Prof.Dr. Taufiq Yap Yun Hin (Malaysia)
Prof.Dr. Wael Abdelmoez Mohamed (Egypt)
Dr.Johann Fellner (Austria)
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THE COMMITTEE OF THE 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE
ON CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS
SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE
Prof. Dr. Bastian Arifin (Indonesia)
Prof. Dr. Medyan Riza (Indonesia)
Prof. Dr. Husin Ismayanda (Indonesia)
Dr. Komala Pontas (Indonesia)
Dr. Budiyono (Indonesia)
Prof. Dr. Koichi Fujie (Japan)
Prof. Dr. Ichiro Naruse (Japan)
Prof. Dr. Hiroyuki Daimon (Japan)
Prof. Dr. Hideto Matsuyama (Japan)
Prof. Dr. Taufiq Yap Yun Hin (Malaysia)
Prof.Dr.Wan Rosli Wan Daud (Malaysia)
Prof. Dr. Wael Abdelmoez Mohamed (Egypt)
Assc. Prof. Dr. Reza Yegani (Iran)
Prof. Dr. Moses Oludayo Tade (Australia)
Prof. Dr. Mkilaha Iddi S.N (Tanzania)
Dr. Johann Fellner (Austria)
Organizing Committee
Chairman : Dr. M. Faisal
Vice Chairman : Dr.Nasrul AR
Secretary : Mirna Rahmah Lubis, MS
Treasurer : Ir. Yanna Syamsuddin, M.Sc
Committee Members
1. Dr. M. Dani Supardan
2. Dr. Hesti Meilina
3. Dr. Adi Salamun
4. Dr. Husni Husin
5. Dr. Abrar Muslim
6. Zuhra, M.Sc.
7. Umi Fathanah, MT.
8. Dr. Cut Meurah Rosnelly
9. Pocut Nurul Alam, MT
10. Wahyu Rinaldi, M.Sc.
11. Dr. Farid Mulana
12. Lia Mairiza, MT.
13. T. Maimun, M. Eng.
14. Dr. Ir. Asri Gani
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WELCOME SPEECH FROM THE RECTOR
Assalammualaikum Wa Rahmatullahi Wa Barakatuh,
In the Name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful
May the peace, the mercy, and the blessings of Allah be upon you.
Distinguished Participants, Ladies and Gentlemen,
On behalf of Syiah Kuala University, I would like to welcome you all to the
1st International Conference on Chemical Engineering Sciences and
Applications 2013.
It is an honor for me to attend this conference, which is held at the first
time, of course beginning with lecturers from Chemical Engineering
Department of Syiah Kuala University. The conference event is unique in
that it springs up from the thinking how to share knowledge based on our
area of expertise. It is rewarded if Chemical Engineering lecturers would
not only share their creative ideas in the Faculty but also in a forum such as
this international conference. Because of the reason, this conference wants
to provide the forum to gather the ideas to implement innovative knowledge
into our daily activity successfully.
I sincerely hope this conference is inspiring and also one to be expected
again next time. The organizing committee is committed to make this
conference a success with its ready applications to not only university but
government. Therefore, I extend my greetings to all parties who may benefit
from the conference to apply it in managing activities in their areas.
Currently, the Chemical Engineering Department of Syiah Kuala University
agree on topics: Food and Biochemical Engineering, Catalytic Reaction
Engineering, and much more. The topics come from the belief to
developclean energy technology for community welfare. There is an
argument put forward by many scholars that we approach an ideal society
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when we can combine ideas to support technology development. Therefore,
this conference is just a trigger for us to get involve more towards local,
national, and international development.
Last but not the least, my deepest gratitude goes to the Organizing
Committee, institutions, and companies who have directly and indirectly
supported the well-running of this seminar. Although we try to be
professional, on behalf of Rector of Syiah Kuala University, please accept
our sincere apologies for inconveniences that crop before, during, or after
the event.
May God bless us all with the health to make this event a successful and
enjoyable one!
Thank you.
Prof. Dr. Ir. Samsul Rizal, M.Eng
Rector of Syiah Kuala University
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MESSAGE FROM THE CHAIRMAN
Assalammualaikum Wr. Wb.
Honorable Guests, Presenters, and Participants,
First of all, I would like to thank you for your valuable contributions to this
conference that is conducted by Chemical Engineering Department of Syiah
Kuala University. Our department is one of the largest department in
Engineering Faculty. It was established in 1963 driven by a spirit to form a
deparment to bring Acehnese to become educated, knowledgeable, and
technocrate. Therefore, we try to give our best in contributing our ideas in
the field of Chemical Engineering Science and Applications so that we can
cooperate to improve our daily lives. We understand that it takes time to
achieve the target; however, we believe one effort is much better than
nothing.
I am also happy to inform that the committee is very lucky to have 5
Plenary Speakers, i.e. from Japan and Indonesia, who supported us from the
very beginning with their capabilities to try and personally come and meet
you all. Although there may be many other competitive International
Seminars held with similar topics around the world, I am happy to report
that the Chemical Engineering on Science and Applications manages to
successfully attract more than 100 academicians to present their abstracts,
i.e. from Iran, Japan, Malaysia, Taiwan, and Indonesia. So, I am proud to
announce that the 58 abstracts accepted to be presented in this seminar has
gone through a professionally selective process. For that reason, I
personally congratulate you all as distinguished speakers to this event.
This conference has collaborated with four international journals, i.e.
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering and Catalysis, International
Journal of Science and Engineering, International Journal of Renewable
Energy Development, and International Journal of Waste Resources. All
selected conference papers are then peer-reviewed to meet the highest
standards of publication. The peer review of each manuscript is rigorous
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and concentrates on objective and technical concerns to determine whether
the research has been sufficiently well conceived, well executed, and well
described.
I also would like to give a special welcome toThe Goverment of Aceh,
Pertamina, PT. Medco E&P Indonesia, PT. Arun, ExxonMobil, PT. Pupuk
Iskandar Muda, Bank Mandiri, PT. Lafarge Cement Indonesia, PT, PLN,
Bank Mandiri, and individuals who sponsor this conference. We can never
thank them enough for that! A way to express our gratitude would be to
make every effort to make this conference a full success.
Finally, I expect all participants have memorable moment through this
conference and enjoy your stay in Banda Aceh.
Thank you.
Sincerely,
Chairman of Committee
Dr. M. Faisal, S. T., M. Eng
TECHNICAL PROGRAM OF THE 1st INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS (ICChESA), Banda Aceh, September 18-19, 2013 Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
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Wedneday , 18 September 2013 Moderator
Opening Season
08.00 – 09.00 Registration Session Committee
09.00 – 09.04 MC (Izzan) MC
09.04 – 09.10 Reciting Al-Quran (M. Mufid Al Izza)
MC
09.10 – 09.15 Organizing Committee Report Dr. M. Faisal, Chairman Seminar Committee
09.15 – 09.20 Welcome To Aceh by Governor of Aceh
09.20 – 09.25 Welcome Speech Prof. Dr. Samsul Rizal, M. Eng, Rector of Syiah Kuala University and opening sign by Rapai
09.25 – 09.40 Art Performing (Aceh Dance)
09.40 – 09.45 Photo session
09.45 – 10.10 Coffee break and Poster Session 1 Committee
Seminar Season
10.10-10.40 Keynote Lecture 1 : Prof. Dr. Koichi Fujie Title: Evaluation and Reduction of Whole Effluent Toxicity in Sewage Treatments
for Effective Use of Limited Water Resources (Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University 79-7, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, 240-8501, Japan)
Prof. Dr. Y.H. Taufiq-Yap
10.40-11.10 Keynote Lecture 2 : Prof. Dr. Ichiro Naruse Title: Resources, Energy and Environment (Energy Science Division, EcoTopia Science Institute Nagoya University Resources, Energy and Environment Energy Science Division, EcoTopia Science Institute Nagoya University)
11.10-11.40 Keynote Lecture 3 : Ministry of Education and Culture of Indonesia)
11.40-11.45 Oral Session Preparation Committee
11.45-12.30 Oral Session 1
Room 1 (3 presenter) Room 2 (3 presenter) Room 3 (3 presenter)
12-30-14.00 Lunch break Committee
14.00-15.15 Oral Session 2
Room 1: 1 long & 10 short presenter Room 2 (5 presenter) Room 3 (5 presenter)
15.15-15.30 Coffee break and Poster Session 2
15.30-16.45 Oral Session 3
Room 1 Room 2 (5 presenter) Room 3 (5 presenter)
19.30 – 22.00
Gala Dinner/Banquet / Best Poster Award and (Art Performance, Aceh Dance)
Thursday, 19 September 2013 Moderator
09.00 – 09.30
Keynote Lecture 4 : Prof. Dr. Hideto Matsuyama Title: Several Approaches of Membrane Fouling Reduction in Water Treatment (Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1, Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan)
Dr. Abrar Muslim, M.Eng
.
09.30 – 09.50
Keynote Lecture 5 : Assc. Prof. Dr. Kazuhiko Nishi Title: Potential of an asymmetrical agitation in industrial mixing (Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya, Yokohama, 240-8501, Japan
TECHNICAL PROGRAM OF THE 1st INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS (ICChESA), Banda Aceh, September 18-19, 2013 Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
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09.50 – 10.10 Coffee break Committee 10.10 – 10.15 Oral Session 4 Preparation
10.15 – 11.45 Oral Session 4
Room 1 (7 presenter) Room 2 (8 presenter) Room 2 (7 presenter)
11.50 – 12.30 Lunch break Committee 14.00 – 18.00 Conference Tour
TECHNICAL PROGRAM OF THE 1st INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS (ICChESA), Banda Aceh, September 18-19, 2013 Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
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Detailed Schedule For Oral Session (Wednesday, 18 September 2013)
Room I, Coordinator : Wahyu Rinaldi, ST., M.Sc./Dr. Cut Meurah Rosnelly, MT. Topic: 1. Separation and Purification (SP) Oral Session 1 Time: 11.45-12.30 Moderator : Dr. M. Faisal, ST. M.Eng.
Time Code Presenter Institution Title
11.45 – 12.00 SP-01 Bastian Arifin1, Sri Aprilia1, Amri Amin2, Fauzi Muhammad Djuned3
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Syiah Kuala University,Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
2Engineering Faculty of Abulyatama University, Banda Aceh-Indonesia 3Bioresource division School of Industrial Technology, University Sains Malaysia, Penang-Malaysia
Hybrid Water Treament System by Conventional Method and Ultrafiltration Membranes
12.00 – 12.15 SP-02 A.Azarmehr National Iranian Gas Company Advantages of DEA over MEA for Sweetening Unit of a Gas Plant
12.15– 12.30 SP-03 Aswati Mindaryani1, M. Arif Wibisono2
1Chemical Engineering Dept, University of Gadjah Mada 2Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Dept., University of Gadjah Mada
Absorption of CO2 from biogas with banana stems ash solution in preparation for power generation
12.30-14.00 Lunch break
Oral Session 2; Time: 14.00-15.15 Moderator : Dr. M. Dani Supardan, ST., MT
14.00 – 14.15 SP-04 Reyhane Saadi1, Zahra Saadi1, Reza Fazaeli2
1Department of Chemical engineering, Faculty of engineering, South Tehran Branch, Azad University, Tehran, , Iran 2Department of Chemical engineering, Faculty of engineering, South Tehran Branch, Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Adsorption of Ni (II) onto Nanostructured γ-alumina in a Fixed-bed Column
14.15 – 14.45 See detail Short Oral Presentation
15.30 – 15.45 Coffee break and Poster Session 1
19.30 – 22.00 Gala Dinner/Banquet (Art Performance, Aceh Dance)
TECHNICAL PROGRAM OF THE 1st INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS (ICChESA), Banda Aceh, September 18-19, 2013 Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
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Room II, Coordinator : Dr. Hesti Meilina, ST., MP./Ir. Pocut Nurul Alam, MT. Topic: 1. Material Sci. Eng, Polymer and Petrochemical Technology (MPPT); 2. Agro Industrial Technology (AIT) Oral Session 1; Time : 11.45-12.30 Moderator : Zuhra, ST. M.Sc.
Time Code Presenter Institution Title
11.45 – 12.00 MPPT-01 Nurul Shuhada Mohd Makhtar1*, Miradatul Najwa Muhd Rodhi1, Mohibah Musa1, Ku Halim Ku Hamid1
1 Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Mara Shah Alam, 40450, Malaysia
The Chemical Compound Presence in Green Material Derived From Tacca leontopetaloides Starch: FT-IR Analysis
12.00 – 12.15 MPPT-02 Arina Binti Abdullah, Ms. Norhayati Binti Talib, and Noor Fitrah Binti Abu Bakar
Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Mara
Direct Current Electrophoretic Deposition (DC-EPD) of TiO2/Activated Carbon Composite in Non-Aqueous Suspension with Different Applied Voltages
12.15– 12.30 MPPT-03 Yohandri Bow, Ibnu Hajar, Rusdianasari
Department of Chemical Engineering, State Polytechnic of Sriwijaya, Palembang 30139, Indonesia
Modified Carbon Composite Electrode with Zeolit in Degradation of Dissolved Chlorine
12.30-14.00 Lunch break
Oral Session 2; Time :14.00-15.15: Material Sci. Eng, Polymer and Petrochemical Technology (MPPT) Moderator : Dr. Mahidin, ST. M.Eng.
14.00 – 14.15 MPPT-04 Nur Azrini Ramlee*1, Chantara Thevy Ratnam2, Nur Hashimah Alias1, Mohd Faizal Abd Rahman2
1 Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University Technology MARA Shah Alam, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysa. 2 Malaysian Nuclear Agency (Nuclear Malaysia), Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Malaysia.
Dynamic Mechanical and Gel Content Properties of Irradiated ENR/PVC blends with TiO2 Nanofillers
14.15 – 14.30 MPPT-05 Renita Manurung, Ahmad Rozi Tanjung, Ida Ayuningrum
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Sumatera Utara, Medan 50239, Indonesia
Effect of Concentration of Catalyst (BF3-Diethyl Etherate) on Synthesis of Polyester From Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (PFAD)
14.30 – 14.45 MPPT-06 Rohaizu. R., Wanrosli W. D.
School of Industial Technologies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Pulau Pinang
Production of iridescence nanocellulose film from oil palm empty fruit bunch microcrystalline cellulose (OPEFB-MCC)
14.45 – 15.00 MPPT-07 M. Nizar Machmud1,, Reza Fahmi2, Rohana Abdullah3,4, Coco Kokarkin5
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Syiah Kuala, Jln. Tgk. Syech Abdurrauf No. 7, Darussalam, Banda Aceh, 23111 Indonesia 2Undergraduate student at Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering, University of Syiah Kuala, Jln. Tgk. Syech Abdurrauf No. 7, Darussalam,
Characteristics of Red Algae Bioplastics/Latex Blends under Tension
TECHNICAL PROGRAM OF THE 1st INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS (ICChESA), Banda Aceh, September 18-19, 2013 Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
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Banda Aceh, 23111 Indonesia 3Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bandung Raya, Jln. Cikutra No. 171 Bandung, 40124 Indonesia 4Post Graduate Student at Post Graduate School of Agriculture, University of Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung Sumedang KM 21, Jatinangor, 45363 Indonesia 5Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Republic of Indonesia, Directorate General of Aquaculture, Balai Budidaya Air Payau (BAP) Ujung Batee, Jln. Krueng Raya Km. 16, Ujung Batee, PO. BOX. 46, Banda Aceh, 23000 Indonesia
15.10 – 15.15 MPPT-08 Nurul Amira Shazwani, Z.*, Ku Halim, K.H., Mohibah, M., Miradatul Najwa, M.R.
Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
Study on the Effect of Calcination Temperature of Agarwood Waste for Silica Production
15.15 – 15.30 Coffee break and Poster Session 2
Oral Session 3; Time :15.30-16.45 Topic: 1. Material Sci. Eng, Polymer and Petrochemical Engineering (MPPE); 2. Agro Industrial Technology (AIT) Moderator : Dr. Nasrul A.R, ST. M.T
15.30 – 15.45 MPPT-09 Fauzi Muhammad Djuned, Teku Muhammad Asnawi, Wan Rosli Wan Daud
Bioresource, Paper and Coating Department, School of Industfial Tecknologi, Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Cellulose Diacetate from Oil Palm empty fruit bunches
15.45– 16.00 MPPT-10 Abdul Gani Haji1, Gustan Pari2, Muhammad Nazar1 and Habibati1
1Department of Chemistry, FKIP Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia 2Forest Product Research and Development Center, Bogor, Indonesia
Characterization of activated carbon produced from urban organic waste
16.00 – 16.15 MPPT-11 M. Nizar Machmud ,1, Fauzan Fadi 2, Zahrul Fuadi 1, Coco Kokarkin 3
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Syiah Kuala, Jln. Tgk. Syech Abdurrauf No. 7, Darussalam, Banda Aceh, 23111 Indonesia 2 Undergraduate student at Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Syiah Kuala, Jln. Tgk. Syech Abdurrauf No. 7, Darussalam, Banda Aceh, 23111 Indonesia 3 Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Republic of Indonesia, Directorate General of Aquaculture, Balai Budidaya Air Payau (BAP) Ujung Batee, Jln. Krueng Raya Km. 16, Ujung Batee, PO. BOX. 46, Banda Aceh, 23000 Indonesia
Alternative Fiber Source from Gracilaria Sp and Eucheuma Cottonii for Papermaking
16.15 – 16.30 MPPT-12 Hefzollah Mohammadian *1, Mohammad Bagher
1 Department of of Telecom, South Pars Gas Complex, Azad University of Bushehr, Iran. 2 Department of Instrument, South Pars Gas
Analysis the Different Types of Nano Sensors on Based of Structure and it’s
TECHNICAL PROGRAM OF THE 1st INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS (ICChESA), Banda Aceh, September 18-19, 2013 Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
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Heidari 1, Elaheh Esfandiarijahromi 2
Complex, Shiraz University, Iran Applications on Nano Electronics
16.30 – 16.45 AIT-01 Arina Sauki*1, Muhammad Hazman Md Shahid1, Ku Halim Ku Hamid1, Azlinda Azizi1, Siti Khatijah Jamaludin1, Tengku Amran Tengku Mohd1, Nur Hashimah Alias
Faculty of Chemical Engineering,Universiti Teknologi MARA,40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
Utilization of Agarwood Distillation Waste in Oilwell Cement and Its Effect on Free Water and Porosity
19.30 – 22.00 Gala Dinner/Banquet (Art Performance, Aceh Dance)
TECHNICAL PROGRAM OF THE 1st INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS (ICChESA), Banda Aceh, September 18-19, 2013 Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
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Room III. Coordinator : Ir. Yanna Syamsuddin, M.Sc./Zuhra, ST. MSc. Topic: 1. Environmental & Safety Technology (EST); 2. Waste Treatment and Management (WTM),
3. Environmental Modeling EM). Oral Session 1; Time: 11.45-12.30 Moderator : Dr. Suhendrayatna, M.Eng.
Time Code Presenter Institution Title
11.45 – 12.00 EST-01 Nur Fatin Dahlia, M.S*1, Ku Halim, K.H2
1 Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor 40450, Malaysia 2 Center of Environmental Research, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor 40450, Malaysia
Development of Empty Fruit Bunch as Bio-Matrix for Methane Production from Aged Leachate in an Anaerobic Digester (EE)
12.00 – 12.15 EST -02 Nurhaslina C.R, Nazihah M.
Faculty of Chemical Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor
Decolorization of Textile Wastewater Using Lactobacillus delbrueckii
12.15– 12.30 EST -03 Hisbullah and Syahiddin Dahlan Said*
Department of Chemical Engineering University of Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
Effect of Baffled Bioreactor Compartment Design on COD Removal Performance: A Preliminary Study
12.30-14.00 Lunch break
Oral Session 2; Time: 14.00-15.15 Moderator : Dr. Syaifullah Muhammad, ST. M.Sc.
14.00 – 14.15 EST-04 Kamariah Noor Ismail, Ku Halim Ku Hamid, Nurul Huda Abdullah, Mohibah Musa
Fakulti Kejuruteraan Kimia, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
Mercury Emission from Kapar Energy Ventures (KEV) Power Plant Using Coal as Combustion Media
14.15 – 14.30 EST- 05 Siti Salwa Abdullah, Ku Halim Ku Hamid, Hanafiah Zainal Abidin, Mohibah Musa
Fakulti Kejuruteraan Kimia, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
Coagulant from Chemically Modified Fish Scale for Textile Wastewater Treatment
14.30 – 14.45 EST-06 Feni Amriani*1, Fatimah2, Iriany3
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of North Sumatera, Padang Bulan, Medan 20155, Indonesia
Physical And Biology Pretreatment of Water Hyacinth Biomass For Cellulase Enzymes Production From Aspergillus Niger And Trichoderma Reesei
14.45 – 15.00 WTM-01 Rusdianasari1, Susila Arita2, Eddy Ibrahim3, Ngudiantoro4
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, State Polytechnic of Sriwijaya, Palembang 30139, Indonesia Doctoral Candidate of Environmental Science, Sriwijaya University, Palembang 30139, Indonesia 2 Department of Chemical Engineering,
Application of Electrocoagulation Process for Coal Stockpile Wastewater Treatment
TECHNICAL PROGRAM OF THE 1st INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS (ICChESA), Banda Aceh, September 18-19, 2013 Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
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Sriwijaya University, Indralaya 30662, Indonesia 3 Department of Mining Engineering, Sriwijaya Universiy, Indralaya 30662, Indonesia 4 Department of Mathematics, Sriwijaya University, Indralaya 30662, Indonesia
15.00 – 15.15 EM -01 Eddy Kurniawan*, Erna Maulinda, Amri Aji
Department of Chemical Engineering, Malikussaleh University, Reuleut, Aceh Utara 24351, Indonesia
The Mathematical Model of Reduced Levels of Ammonia, Nitrite and Nitrate Fertilizer Industry Wastewater Using Activated Charcoal from Waste Coffee Grounds
15.15 – 15.30 Coffee break and Poster Session 2
Oral Session 3; Time: 15.30-16.45 : 1. Clean Energy Technology, 2. Catalytic Reaction Engineering (CE-CR) Moderator : Dr. Farid Mulana, ST. M.Eng.
15.30 – 15.45 CECR-01 Muhammad Yerizama, Muhammad Faizalb, Marsic, Noviab
aDoctoral Candidate of Enviromental Science, Sriwijaya University Chemical Engineering Depertement of State Polytechnic of Sriwijaya, Jl. Srijaya Negara. Bukit Besar, Palembang 30139, Indonesia bDepartement of Chemical, Engineering Faculty, Sriwijaya University, Indralaya 30662 cDepartement of Agriculture, Agriculture Faculty, Sriwijaya University, Indralaya 30662
Composition Variation Effect of Rice Straw and Coconut Shell to Biobriquette Characteristics as Alternative Fuel
15.45– 16.00 CECR-02 Husni Husin*1, Mahidin1, Zuhra1, Fikri Hasfita2
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia 2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Malikussaleh University, Lhoekseumawe, Aceh Utara 24300, Indonesia
H2 evolution on Lanthanum and Carbon co-doped NaTaO3 Photocatalyst
16.00 – 16.15 CECR-03 Khairil *,1, Mahidin 2, Asri Gani 2 and Ibrahim 1
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Syiah Kuala University,Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia 2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Syiah Kuala University,Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
Fundamental Study on Desulfurization Characteristics of Bio-briquette at Low Temperature Using Calcium Based Adsorbent
16.15 – 16.30 CECR-04 Mahidin*1, Asri Gani1, Abrar Muslim1, Husni Husin1, Khairil2
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
Development of Desulfurization Process for Bio-briquette Using Natural Calcium-based Adsorbent and Its Kinetics Evaluation for Design Purpose
16.30 – 16.45 CECR-05 Nurhayati 1, Chieh-Lun 1 Department of Chemical Engineering, High-Productivity Ethanol
TECHNICAL PROGRAM OF THE 1st INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS (ICChESA), Banda Aceh, September 18-19, 2013 Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
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Cheng 1, Jo-Shu Chang 1,2,3*
National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan 2 Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan 3 Research Center for Energy Technology and Strategy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
Production by Modified PVA-Immobilized Zymomonas mobilis through Continuous Culture combining Vacuum Membrane Distillation under Very High Gravity Fermentation Conditions
19.30 – 22.00 Gala Dinner/Banquet (Art Performance, Aceh Dance)
TECHNICAL PROGRAM OF THE 1st INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS (ICChESA), Banda Aceh, September 18-19, 2013 Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
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Detailed Schedule For Short Oral Presentation
Wednesday, 18 September 2013 Room 1; Time: 14.15 – 14.45 Moderator : Dr. M. Dani Supardan, ST. MT.
Time Code Presenter Institution Title
14.15-14.18 EST-07 Mikako Orikawa, Hirotsugu Kamahara, Yoichi Atsuta, Hiroyuki Daimon*
Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi-shi, Aichi, 441-8580, Japan
Application of Hydrothermal Treatment on High Concentrated Sewage Sludge for Anaerobic Digestion Process
14.18-14.21 MPPT-13 Cut Meurah Rosnelly & Umi Fathanah
Department of Chemical Engineering, Syiah Kuala University,Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
Purification of Sugar Cane Juice by Ultrafiltration Membrane
14.21-14.24 CECR-06 Mahlinda and Rifki Institute For Industrial Research and Standardization of Banda Aceh Jl. Cut Nyak Dhien No.377 Lamteumen Timur Banda Aceh
Development Of Semiautomatic Biodiesel Apparatus Based In Control Relay
14.24-14.27 EST-09 Izarul Machdar *, Wahyu Rinaldi
Department of Chemical Engineering, Syiah Kuala University,Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
Assessment of Water Balance in a Small Island: A case Study in Sabang Island, Aceh Province
14.27-14.30 CECR-07 M. Husin Ismayanda , Cut Meurah Rosnelly
Department of Chemical Engineering, Syiah Kuala University,Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
Study On The Effect of KOH Catalyst On Biodiesel Preparation From Cotton Seed Oil In Stirred Tank
14.30-14.33 FB-07 Asri Gani*1, Husni2, Akhmad Baihaqi 3, M. Faisal1
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Syiah Kuala University, Aceh, Indonesia 2Department of Agrotechnology, Syiah Kuala University, Aceh, Indonesia 3Department of Agribusiness, Syiah Kuala University, Aceh, Indonesia
Pyrolysis of Palm kernel Shell into Liquid Smoke: Potential Application for Biopesticides in Aceh Province
14.33-14.36 MPPT-14 Umi fathanah, Mirna Rahmah Lubis, Cut Meurah Rosnelly, Ryan Maulana
Department of Chemical Engineering, Syiah Kuala University, Aceh, Indonesia
Making and Characterizing Bioplastic from Cassava (manihot utilissima) Peel Starch with Sorbitol Plasticizer
14.36-14.39 EST-10 M. Faisal*1, Hiroyuki Daimon2, Koichi Fujie3
Department of Chemical Engineering, Syiah Kuala University, Aceh, Indonesia; 2Department of Environmental and Life Science,Toyohashi University of Technology,Toyohashi, Japan; 3Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences Yokohama National University,Yokohama, Japan
Removal of Organic Matter in Eutrophication Ponds at Various Oxygen Supply Conditions
14.39-14.42 EST-11 M. Faisal*1, Izarul Machdar1, Farid Mulana1, Hiroyuki Daimon2
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Syiah Kuala University, Aceh, Indonesia 2Department of Environmental and Life Science,Toyohashi University of Technology,Toyohashi , Japan
Waste Management Option and Renewable Energy from Tofu Processing Waste in Banda Aceh City
TECHNICAL PROGRAM OF THE 1st INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS (ICChESA), Banda Aceh, September 18-19, 2013 Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
xvii
Detailed Schedule For Oral Session
Thursday, 19 September 2013
Room I, Coordinator : Dr. Cut Meurah Rosnelly, MT./ Wahyu Rinaldi, ST., M.Sc. Moderator : Prof. Dr. Bastian Arifin, M.Sc.
Time Code Presenter Institution Title
09.00-09.50 Keynote Lecture 4 & 5
09.50-10.15 Coffee break:
Oral Session 4: Time: 10.15-12.00 Topic: 1. Food and Biochemical Engineering (FB)
10.15 – 10.30 FB-01 Nur Afiqah Arham, Nurul Amal Nadhirah Mohamad, Junaidah Jai*, Jagannathan Krishnan
Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Malaysia
Optimization of Extraction Parameters of Bioactive Component from Palm Leaves (Elaeis guineensis) Using Response Surface Methodology
10.30 – 10.45 FB-02 Wan Zahira Hanis Wan Zin *1, Miradatul Najwa Muhd Rodhi1, Norazlina Idris 2
1 Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia 2 Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Selangor, Jalan Timur Tambahan, 45600 Bestari Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Crude Xylanase From Aspergilus niger
10.45 – 11.00 FB-03 Reiza Mutia*12, Dayang Norulfairuz Abang Zaidel1, Ida Idayu Muhammad1
1 Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia 2 Scholarship Grantee of Amanah Pelalawan Foundation, Indonesia
A Review On Cocoa Butter Equivalent Production Via Enzymatic Interesterification
11.00 – 11.15 FB-05 Irfan*1, Asmawati1, Fachrizal1, Cut Erika1
Department of agricultural Product Technology, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
Physicochemical properties of Pectin From cocoa Pod husk Extraction Time and pH
11.15 – 11.30 FB-06 Hamid Tavakolipour, Mohsen Mokhtarian
Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran
Application of fuzzy logic system to monitoring equilibrium moisture content of pistachio powder during storage
11.30-11.45 FB-07 Rafeqah Raslan*, Rahimah Mustafa, Nurul Nadia Azmi, Lim Ying Pei , Shareena Fairuz Abdul Manaf.
Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam , Malaysia
Analysis of the fouling mechanism during ultrafiltration of Momordica Charantia juice
11.45– 12.00 MPPT-15 Rozanna Dewi1, Harry Agusnar2, Basuki Widyosentono2, Halimah2
1Universitas Malikussaleh, 2Universitas Sumatera Utara
Synthesis and Characteristics of Modified Thermoplastic Starch (TPS)
12.00 – 13.30 Lunch break
TECHNICAL PROGRAM OF THE 1st INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS (ICChESA), Banda Aceh, September 18-19, 2013 Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
xviii
Room II, Coordinator : Ir. Pocut Nurul Alam, MT./ Dr. Hesti Meilina, ST., MP. Oral Session 4; Time: 10.15-12.15 Topic: 1. Fundamental of Chemical Engineering and applied Industry (ChEA), 2. Environment and Information Sciences (EIS) Moderator : Dr. Hesti Meilina, ST., MP.
Time Code Presenter Institution Title
10.15 – 10.30 ChEA-01 Meisam Sadi*1, Mahmood Farzaneh-Gord1, Koroush Akhlaghi2, Hasan Eftekhari2
1 Department of Mechnical Engineering, Shahrood University,Semnan, Iran 2 South khorasan gas company, Iran
Numerical simulation of a vortex tube and study the interior behavior of working fluid
10.30 – 10.45 ChEA-02 Azlinda Azizi*1, Mohd Shahrul Nizam Ibrahim 1, Ku Halim Ku Hamid1, Arina Sauki1, Nurul Aimi Ghazali1, Tengku Amran Tengku Mohd1
Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
Agarwood Waste As a New Fluid Loss Control Agent in Water Based Drilling Fluid
10.45 – 11.00 ChEA--03 Kourosh Akhlaghi*1, Mahmood Farzaneh-Gord2, Mohammad Mohammadpour3
1 : National Iranian Gas Company, South Khorasan Gas Company, Iran 2,3: The Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
Feasibility of utilizing small-scale liquefied natural gas cycle in natural gas pressure reduction point
11.00 – 11.15 ChEA-04 Mariana*1, Farid Mulana1, Purwana Satriyo2
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Syiah Kuala University,Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia 2 Department of Agriculture Engineering, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111
Reaction Kinetics of Ca(OH)2 and SiO2 in a Stirred Batch
Reactor
11.15 – 11.30 ChEA-05 Ali Haghtalab, Marziyeh Zare Tarbiat modares University Computation of Carbon Dioxide Solubility in Ionic Liquids using Local Composition and Pitzer Models
11.30-11.45 EIS-01 Noorhazila Hamdan *, Ku Halim Ku Hamid, Miradatul Najwa Muhd Rodhi, and Mohibah Musa
Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Mara Shah Alam,45000,Malaysia
Identification of Carcnogenic Volatile Organic Compounds in New Car Cabin at Tropical Climate
11.45– 12.00 EIS-02 Zulfian1, Lindawati2, Nizarli3, Faisal Amir2
Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Universitas Syiah Kuala1, Laboratorium Akustik, Universitas Syiah Kuala2, Jurusan Arsitektur, Universitas Syiah Kuala3
The Study of Speech Intelligibility in the Al-Mizan Mosque, Syiah Kuala University
12.00 – 12.15 ChEA-06 Nasrullah, R.C.L.1*, Wan Rosli Wan Daud2, I. Mazlan2, Teku M. Asnawi1,2, Adisalamun1
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia, 2 Division of Bioresource, Paper and Coatings Technology, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
The Effect of Delignification on Paper Properties of Acetosolv Oil Palm Frond Fibers Pulp
12.15–13.30 Lunch break:
TECHNICAL PROGRAM OF THE 1st INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS (ICChESA), Banda Aceh, September 18-19, 2013 Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
xix
Room III, Coordinator : Zuhra, ST. M. Sc./ Yanna Syamsuddin, M.Sc. Oral Session 4; Time 10.15-12.00 Topic: 1. Clean Energy Technology- Catalytic Reaction Engineering (CE-CR), 2. Process and Control Engineering (PC) Moderator: Dr. Husni Husin, M.T.
Time Code Presenter Institution Title
10.15 – 10.30 CECR-08 Z.A Shajaratun Nur1,2, Y.H. Taufiq-Yap *1,2, M.F. Rabiah Nizah1,2,
Aminul Islam1,2
1 Catalysis Science and Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
2 Department of Chemical, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Transesterification Reaction of Palm Oil via Modified Dolomites for Biodiesel Production
10.30 – 10.45 CECR-09 Z. Helwania,*, N. Aziz
b, M.R. Othmanb
aDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Riau University Pekanbaru 28293, Indonesia. bSchool of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia.
Continuous biodiesel production in a fixed bed reactor with hydrotalcite as a heterogeneous catalyst
10.45 – 11.00 CECR-10 M.F. Rabiah Nizaha,b , Y.H. Taufiq-Yapa,b,* , Z.A. Shajaratun Nura,b, and Aminul Islama,b
aCatalysis Science and Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia bDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Transesterification of non-edible Jatropha curcas oil to biodiesel using Bi2O3-La2O3 catalyst
11.00 – 11.15 CECR-11 Rangga Budiawan, Zulfansyah, Z. Helwani*
Department of Chemical Engineering, Riau University Pekanbaru 28293, Indonesia.
Off-grade palm oil as a renewable raw material for biodiesel production by two-step processes
11.15 – 11.30 CECR-12 Novia1,3, Hermansyah2,3 and Arif Nurrahman 3
1Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sriwijaya, Inderalaya, SUMSEL, Indonesia 2 Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Sriwijaya, Inderalaya, SUMSEL, Indonesia 3Jurusan Teknik Kimia, BKU Teknologi Lingkungan Program Pascasarjana UNSRI
The Alkaline-Ozonolysis Pretreatment and Simultaneous Saccharification And Fermentation (SSF) For The Production of Bioethanol From Rice Straw
11.30– 11.45 PC-01 Sallehuddin Ibrahim*, Mohd Amri Md Yunus, Mohd Taufiq Mohd Khairi
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University Teknologi Malaysia,Skudai, Johor 81310, Malaysia
Turbidity Measurement Using An Optical Tomography System
11.45– 12.00 PC-02 Hasan Eftekhari*1, Hamid Reza Rahbari2 ,Mahmood Farzaneh-Gord3
1 : National Iranian Gas Company, South Khorasan Gas Company, Iran 2,3 : Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology,Shahrood, Iran
The Effect of Important Parameter in Simulation of Natural Gas flow through Underground Transmission Pipeline
12.00 – 13.30 Lunch break
14.00– 18.00 Conference Tour
xx
CONTENTS
EDITORIAL BOARD
THE COMMITTEE OF THE 1ST INTERNATIONAL
CONFERENCE ON CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS
WELCOME SPEECH FROM THE RECTOR
MESSAGE FROM THE CHAIRMAN
TECHNICAL PROGRAM
CONTENTS
i
ii
iii
v
vii
xx
No Titles Page
1
Feasibility of Utilizing Small-Scale Liquefied Natural Gas
cycle in Natural Gas Pressure Reduction Point 1
Kourosh Akhlaghi*1, Mahmood Farzaneh-Gord2,
Mohammad Mohammadpour3
2
Advantages of DEA over MEA for Sweetening Unit of a Gas
Plant 2 A. Azarmehr
3
Adsorption of Ni (II) onto Nano Structured γ-Alumina in a
Fixed-bed Column 3 Reyhane Saadi1, Zahra Saadi1, Reza Fazaeli2
4
Absorption of CO2 from Biogas with Banana Stems Ash
Solution in Preparation for Power Generation 4 Aswati Mindaryani*1, M. Arif Wibisono2
5
The Chemical Compound Presence in Green Material
Derived From Tacca leontopetaloides Starch: FT-IR
Analysis 5 Nurul Shuhada Mohd Makhtar*1, Miradatul Najwa
Muhd Rodhi1, Mohibah Musa1, Ku Halim Ku Hamid1
6
Direct Current Electrophoretic Deposition (DC-EPD) of
TiO2/Activated Carbon Composite in Non-Aqueous
Suspension with Different Applied Voltages 6
Arina Binti Abdullah1, Ms. Norhayati Binti Talib1, Noor
xxi
Fitrah Binti Abu Bakar1
7
Modified Carbon Composite Electrode with Zeolit in
Degradation of Dissolved Chlorine 7 Yohandri Bow*1, Ibnu Hajar2, Rusdianasari3
8
Dynamic Mechanical and Gel Content Properties of
Irradiated ENR/PVC blends with TiO2 Nanofillers 8
Nur Azrini Ramlee*1, Chantara Thevy Ratnam2, Nur
Hashimah Alias1, Mohd Faizal Abd Rahman2
9
Effect of Concentration of Catalyst (BF3-Diethyl Etherate)
on Synthesis of Polyester From Palm Fatty Acid Distillate
(PFAD) 10
Renita Manurung1, Ahmad Rozi Tanjung*1, Ida
Ayuningrum1
10
Production of Iridescence Nanocellulose Film from Oil Palm
Empty Fruit Bunch Microcrystalline Cellulose (OPEFB-
MCC) 11
Rohaizu. R.*1, Wanrosli W. D.1
11
Characteristics of Red Algae Bioplastics/Latex Blends under
Tension 12
M. Nizar Machmud*1, Reza Fahmi2, Rohana Abdullah3,4,
Coco Kokarkin5
12
Study on the Effect of Calcination Temperature of Agarwood
Waste for Silica Production 13
Nurul Amira Shazwani, Z.*, Ku Halim, K.H., Mohibah,
M., Miradatul Najwa
13
Cellulose Diacetate from Oil Palm empty fruit bunches
14 Fauzi Muhammad Djuned*1, Teku Muhammad Asnawi,
Wan Rosli Wan Daud
14
Characterization of Activated Carbon Produced from Urban
Organic Waste 15
Abdul Gani Haji*1, Gustan Pari2, Muhammad Nazar1
and Habibati1
15
Alternative Fiber Source from Gracilaria sp and Eucheuma
cottonii for Papermaking 16
M. Nizar Machmud*1, Fauzan Fadi2, Zahrul Fuadi1, Coco
Kokarkin3
xxii
16
Analysis the Different Types of Nano Sensors on Based of
Structure and it’s Applications on Nano Electronics 17
Hefzollah Mohammadian *1, Mohammad Bagher Heidari
1, Elaheh Esfandiarijahromi 2
17
Purification of Sugar Cane Juice by Ultrafiltration
Membrane 18
Cut Meurah Rosnelly*1, Umi Fathanah1
18
Making and Characterizing Bioplastic from Cassava
(Manihot utilissima) Peel Starch with Sorbitol Plasticizer 19
Umi fathanah*1, Mirna Rahmah Lubis1, Cut Meurah
Rosnelly1, Ryan Maulana2
19
Utilization of Agarwood Distillation Waste in Oilwell
Cement and its Effect on Free Water and Porosity
20 Arina Sauki*1, Muhammad Hazman Md Shahid1, Ku
Halim Ku Hamid1, Azlinda Azizi1, Siti Khatijah
Jamaludin1, Tengku Amran Tengku Mohd1, Nur
Hashimah Alias
20
Development of Empty Fruit Bunch as Bio-Matrix for
Methane Production from Aged Leachate in an Anaerobic
Digester (EE) 21
Nur Fatin Dahlia, M.S*1, Ku Halim, K.H2
21
Decolorization of Textile Wastewater Using Lactobacillus
delbrueckii 22
Nurhaslina C.R*1, Nazihah M.1
22
Effect of Baffled Bioreactor Compartment Design on COD
Removal Performance: A Preliminary Study 23
Hisbullah1, Syahiddin Dahlan Said*1
23
Mercury Emission from Kapar Energy Ventures (KEV)
Power Plant Using Coal as Combustion Media 24
Kamariah Noor Ismail*1, Ku Halim Ku Hamid1, Nurul
Huda Abdullah1, Mohibah Musa1
24
Coagulant from Chemically Modified Fish Scale for Textile
Wastewater Treatment 25
Siti Salwa Abdullah*1, Ku Halim Ku Hamid1, Hanafiah
Zainal Abidin1, Mohibah Musa1
25 Hybrid Water Treament System by Conventional Method and
Ultrafiltration Membranes 26
xxiii
Bastian Arifin1, Sri Aprilia*1, Amri Amin2, Fauzi
Muhammad Djuned3
26
Application of Hydrothermal Treatment on High
Concentrated Sewage Sludge for Anaerobic Digestion
Process 27
Mikako Orikawa, Hirotsugu Kamahara, Yoichi Atsuta,
Hiroyuki Daimon*
27
Physical and Biology Pretreatment of Water Hyacinth
Biomass for Cellulase Enzymes Production from Aspergillus
niger and Trichoderma reesei 28
Feni Amriani*1, Fatimah2, Iriany3
28
Assessment of Water Balance in a Small Island: A case Study
in Sabang Island, Aceh Province 29 Izarul Machdar*1, Wahyu Rinaldi1
29
Removal of Organic Matter in Eutrophication Ponds at
Various Oxygen Supply Conditions 30
M. Faisal*1, Hiroyuki Daimon2, Koichi Fujie3
30
Waste Management Option and Renewable Energy from
Tofu Processing Waste in Banda Aceh City 31
M. Faisal*1, Izarul Machdar1, Farid Mulana1, Hiroyuki
Daimon2
31
Application of Electrocoagulation Process for Coal Stockpile
Wastewater Treatment 32
Rusdianasari*1, Susila Arita2, Eddy Ibrahim3,
Ngudiantoro4
32
The Mathematical Model of Reduced Levels of Ammonia,
Nitrite and Nitrate Fertilizer Industry Wastewater Using
Activated Charcoal from Waste Coffee Grounds 33
Eddy Kurniawan*1, Erna Maulinda, Amri Aji
33
Composition Variation Effect of Rice Straw and Coconut
Shell to Biobriquette Characteristics as Alternative Fuel 34
Muhammad Yerizam1, Muhammad Faizal2, Marsi3,
Novia2
34
H2 Evolution on Lanthanum and Carbon Co-doped NaTaO3
Photocatalyst 35 Husni Husin*1, Mahidin1, Zuhra1, Fikri Hasfita2
xxiv
35
Fundamental Study on Desulfurization Characteristics of
Bio-briquette at Low Temperature Using Calcium Based
Adsorbent 36
Khairil *1, Mahidin 2, Asri Gani 2, Ibrahim 1
36
Development of Desulfurization Process for Bio-briquette
Using Natural Calcium-based Adsorbent and Its Kinetics
Evaluation for Design Purpose 37
Mahidin*1, Asri Gani1, Abrar Muslim1, Husni Husin1,
Khairil2
37
Development of Semiautomatic Biodiesel Apparatus Based in
Control Relay 38 Mahlinda*1, Rifki1
38
Continuous Biodiesel Production in a Fixed Bed Reactor
with Hydrotalcite as a Heterogeneous Catalyst 39
Z. Helwani*1, N. Aziz 2, M.R. Othman2
39
Off-Grade palm oil as a renewable raw material for
biodiesel production by two-step processes 40 Rangga Budiawan1, Zulfansyah, Z.1 Helwani*1
40
High-Productivity Ethanol Production by Modified PVA-
Immobilized Zymomonas mobilis through Continuous
Culture combining Vacuum Membrane Distillation under
Very High Gravity Fermentation Conditions 41
Nurhayati 1, Chieh-Lun Cheng 1, Jo-Shu Chang 1,2,3*
41
Study on the Effect of KOH Catalyst on Biodiesel
Preparation from Cotton Seed Oil in Stirred Tank 43 M. Husin Ismayanda1, Cut Meurah Rosnelly*1
42
Transesterification Reaction of Palm Oil via Modified
Dolomites for Biodiesel Production 44
Z.A Shajaratun Nur1,2, Y.H. Taufiq-Yap *1,2, M.F. Rabiah
Nizah1,2, Aminul Islam1,2
43
Transesterification of Non-edible Jatropha curcas Oil to
Biodiesel Using Bi2O3-La2O3 Catalyst 45
M.F. Rabiah Nizah1,2 , Y.H. Taufiq-Yap*1,2 , Z.A.
Shajaratun Nur1,1, Aminul Islam1,2
xxv
44
Application of Response Surface Methoodology in Extraction
of Bioactive Component from Palm Leaves (Elaeis
guineensis) 46
Nur Afiqah Arham1, Nurul Amal Nadhirah Mohamad1,
Junaidah Jai*1, Jagannathan Krishnan1
45
Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Crude Xylanase From Aspergilus
niger 47
Wan Zahira Hanis Wan Zin*1, Miradatul Najwa Muhd
Rodhi1, Norazlina Idris2
46
A Review on Cocoa Butter Equivalent Production Via
Enzymatic Interesterification 48
Reiza Mutia*1,2, Dayang Norulfairuz Abang Zaidel1, Ida
Idayu Muhammad1
47
The Alkaline-Ozonolysis Pretreatment and Simultaneous
Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) for the Production
of Bioethanol from Rice Straw 49
Novia1,3, Hermansyah2,3 and Arif Nurrahman3
48
Physicochemical properties of Pectin From Cocoa Pod Husk
Extraction Time and pH 50 Irfan*1, Asmawati1, Fachrizal1, Cut Erika1
49
Application of Fuzzy Logic System to Monitoring
Equilibrium Moisture Content of Pistachio Powder during
Storage 51
Hamid Tavakolipour*1, Mohsen Mokhtarian2
50
Pyrolysis of Palm Kernel Shell into Liquid Smoke: Potential
Application for Biopesticides in Aceh Province 52
Asri Gani*1, Husni2, Akhmad Baihaqi 3, M. Faisal1
51
Numerical Simulation of a Vortex Tube and Study the
Interior Behavior of Working Fluid 53
Meisam Sadi*1, Mahmood Farzaneh-Gord1, Koroush
Akhlaghi2, Hasan Eftekhari2
52
Agarwood Waste as a New Fluid Loss Control Agent in
Water Based Drilling Fluid 54
Azlinda Azizi*1, Mohd Shahrul Nizam Ibrahim 1, Ku
Halim Ku Hamid1, Arina Sauki1, Nurul Aimi Ghazali1,
xxvi
Tengku Amran Tengku Mohd1
53
Analysis of the Fouling Mechanism during Ultrafiltration of
Momordica charantia Juice 55
Rafeqah Raslan*1, Rahimah Mustafa, Nurul Nadia Azmi,
Lim Ying Pei , Shareena Fairuz Abdul Manaf.
54
Reaction Kinetics of Ca(OH)2 and SiO2 in a Stirred Batch
Reactor 56 Mariana*1, Farid Mulana1, Purwana Satriyo2
55
Computation of Carbon Dioxide Solubility in Ionic Liquids
using Local Composition and Pitzer Models 57
Ali Haghtalab*1, Marziyeh Zare2
56
Identification of Carcnogenic Volatile Organic Compounds
in New Car Cabin at Tropical Climate 58
Noorhazila Hamdan*1, Ku Halim Ku Hamid, Miradatul
Najwa Muhd Rodhi, and Mohibah Musa
57
The Study of Speech Intelligibility in the Al-Mizan Mosque,
Syiah Kuala University 59 Zulfian*1,2, Lindawati2, Nizarli3, Faisal Amir2
58
Turbidity Measurement Using An Optical Tomography
System 60
Sallehuddin Ibrahim*, Mohd Amri Md Yunus, Mohd
Taufiq Mohd Khairi
59
The Effect of Important Parameter in Simulation of Natural
Gas flow through Underground Transmission Pipeline 61
Hasan Eftekhari*1, Hamid Reza Rahbari2 ,Mahmood
Farzaneh-Gord3
60
The Effect of Delignification on Paper Properties of
Acetosolv Oil Palm Frond Fibers Pulp 62
Nasrullah R.C.L*1,2, Wan Rosli Wan Daud2, I. Mazlan2,
Teku M. Asnawi11,2, Adisalamun1
61
Synthesis and Characteristics of Modified Thermoplastic
Starch (TPS) 63
Rozanna Dewi*1, Harry Agusnar2, Basuki Widyosentono2,
Halimah2
The 1st International Conference on Chemical Engineering Sciences and Applications
1
Feasibility of Utilizing Small-Scale Liquefied Natural
Gas Cycle in Natural Gas Pressure Reduction Point
Kourosh Akhlaghi*1,Mahmood Farzaneh-Gord2, Mohammad
Mohammadpour3
1National Iranian Gas Company, South Khorasan Gas Company, Iran 2,3Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Shahrood University of
Technology, Shahrood, Iran *Corresponding author: [email protected]/
Abstract Cryogenic liquefaction plants have been applied in the commercial
natural gas liquefaction fields which liquefaction capacities are very
large. The developing market of natural gas vehicles provides an
opportunity for LNG and LNG-CNG fuelling stations and consequently
small scale LNG cycle. Other markets for smaller-scale LNG Liquefiers
include onshore gas wells, customer sites that are remotely situated
from current gas pipelines, and industrial customer peak shaving
installations.In this research we investigateof liquefied natural gas
(LNG) production cycle in small-scale in HYSYS software. In the next
step, utilization of this cycle is feasible in city gate station (CGS) for
liquefied natural gas production. That will be evaluated. The main
purpose is to use natural gas cooling capacity during pressure reduction
in the LNG production cycle. For this purpose, the utilizing the LNG
cycle in stand-alone condition (PRICO) is compared with the case when
utilizing the cycle in a CGS. In addition, its potential usage in CGS for
LNG production in low consumption seasons is evaluated. Respective
cycle conditions have been analysed in HYSYS software and it is
results in terms of energy consumption and LNG production per
consumption energy unit have been mentioned and compared.
The effects of inlet gas pressure are evaluated in LNG production. For
all cases, the CGS outlet gas temperature is kept at constant range
between 5 to 20°C and LNG production temperature at -150 °C.The
results show that in the same conditions, LNG production in CGS is
more than stand-alone condition. Investigations over inlet gas pressure
variation in both conditions show that as inlet gas pressure increases the
LNG production increases too but the increase in LNG production for
The 1st International Conference on Chemical Engineering Sciences and Applications
2
CGS condition is more than stand-alone condition. Investigations show
that utilization of gas liquefaction cycle in CGS has consumed less
compressor input work.
Key words: Liquefied natural gas, gas city gate station, small-scale
liquefaction natural gas
Advantages of DEA over MEA for Sweetening Unit of a
Gas Plant
A.Azarmehr*1
1National Iranian Gas Company, Iran *Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Abstract There are different types of chemical solutions for sweetening sour
gases, and each one has its own advantages and disadvantages which
makes it primary option for a particular process. In this paper,
suggestions which enhance the quality of sale gas as primary product
has been discussed in details. In addition, advantages of DEA over
MEA, in terms of energy consumption and corrosion rate, have been
presented.
Key words:chemical solutions, sweetening, corrosion rate, energy
consumption, processing condition
The 1st International Conference on Chemical Engineering Sciences and Applications
3
Adsorption of Ni (II) onto Nanostructured γ-alumina in
a Fixed-bed Column
Reyhane Saadi1, Zahra Saadi1, Reza Fazaeli*2
1Department of Chemical engineering, Faculty of engineering, South
Tehran Branch, Azad University,Tehran, , Iran 2Department of Chemical engineering, Faculty of engineering, South
Tehran Branch, Azad University, Tehran, Iran *
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract In this study, nanostructured γ-alumina as adsorbent for nickel removal
from aqueous solution in fixed-bed column was used. Comparison of
Thomas, Yoon-Nelson and Adams-Bohart models with experimental
kinetic results were done and model parameters were evaluated using
linear regression analysis for Ni2+ adsorption in different bed heights,
initial concentrations and flow rates. The obtained experimental data
are in good agreement with Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models but in
case of Adams–Bohart model, low correlation coefficient observed.
Keywords: adsorption, fixed-bed column, kinetic models, Nickel,
nanostructured γ-alumina
The 1st International Conference on Chemical Engineering Sciences and Applications
4
Absorption of CO2 from Biogas with Banana Stems
Ash Solution in Preparation for Power Generation
Aswati Mindaryani*1, M.Arif Wibisono *2
1Chemical Engineering Department, 2Mechanical and Industrial
Engineering Department,
Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta,
Indonesia
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract Currently the biogas production process in Indonesia is widespread to
rural area. Various types of waste such as fruit market waste, livestock
manure are processed into biogas, mostly for cooking. To generate
electricity requires fairly high levels of methane in the biogas. The use
of stem ash solution for absorbent materials is expected to be
implemented in the community. This research utilised a solution of
banana stem ash as absorbent materials for CO2 in the biogas. Banana
stem ash contains 10 % K2CO3, therefore the process of absorption
occur simultaneously with the reaction. Absorption was carried out in a
tank containing the solution of the ash then biogas was bubbled in the
solution. Gas samples were taken and analysed its CO2 concentration by
Gas Chromatograph. K2CO3 concentration in solution was analysed by
titration. The experiment was stopped when the outlet CO2
concentration was constant. The ash concentration in solution was
varied in the experiments. The capacity of CO2 absorption is 0.313
mmol/g ash at 30 C. Reaction rate constant is slightly affected by
temperature. To be applied in the rural area, the experiment was also
carried out in packed column. The value of the mass transfer coefficient
of CO2 in the liquid phase is affected by the absorbent flow rate.
Key words: absorption, biogas, Carbon dioxide, banana stem ash,
electricity generator.
The 1st International Conference on Chemical Engineering Sciences and Applications
5
The Chemical Compound Presence in Green Material
Derived from Tacca leontopetaloides Starch: FT-IR
Analysis
Nurul Shuhada Mohd Makhtar1*, Miradatul Najwa Muhd Rodhi1,
Mohibah Musa1, Ku Halim Ku Hamid1
1Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Mara Shah
Alam, 40450, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract Green material (GM) is referred to the material formulated from natural
or organic raw material based by promoting environmental safely and
low cost of production. In this paper, the GM was produced from local
Tacca leontopetaloides starch by blending with latex Natural rubber
(NR). The starch was plasticized by using glycerol, palm olein and
crude palm oil (CPO). The effects of varies volume plasticizers (10, 30
and 50 %) and the different blends ratio of NR to Glycerol (40:30, 50:6,
60:30, 40:10, 50:30) on the chemical compound presence in formulated
GM was investigated by using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR)
Spectroscopy. The addition of 30 and 50 % of glycerol decreased the
wavenumber at 3352 cm-1(pure starch) to 3288 and 3285 cm-1,
respectively, indicated the strong hydrogen bonding was formed
between glycerol and structural starch. The used of oil based plasticizer,
hydrolyse the hydroxyl group exhibit in starch by forming more stable
carbon to hydrogen bonding structures. The blend ratio of NR to
glycerol (50:6) gave major effect on the chemical contents exhibit in the
structural starch compared with others blends.
Key words: Tacca leontopetaloides starch, Fourier Transform Infrared
(FTIR), hydrogen bonding, glycerol, oil
The 1st International Conference on Chemical Engineering Sciences and Applications
6
Direct Current Electrophoretic Deposition (DC-EPD) of
TiO2/Activated Carbon Composite in Non-Aqueous
Suspension with Different Applied Voltages
Arina Binti Abdullah, Ms. Norhayati Binti Talib, Noor Fitrah Binti Abu
Bakar1
1Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Mara
Abstract The electrophoretic preparation of a novel TiO2/Activated Carbon
composite on ceramic substrates were described in this research. The
suspension was successfully prepared by mixing separately the
commercially available TiO2 powders (P25, Merck KGaA) and
Activated Carbon (Carbon, Fisher) in non-aqueous solvent of alcohol
and being mixed before the ultrasonication process. A suspension of
TiO2/Activated Carbon with proportion of 50:50 without any treatment
is quite unstable. Therefore it was necessary to place an additional
ultrasonication mixing before the deposition process take place. The
prepared suspension was analysed using Zetasizer Nano Series
Instrument. TiO2/Activated Carbon coatings from non-aqueous
suspension on ceramic substrates have been successfully prepared by
the means of direct current during electrophoretic deposition (DC-EPD)
process. The quality of the DC-EPD of TiO2/Activated Carbon
coatings in terms of homogeneity were observed by using Field
Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM). ). The deposition yield
increases with time and currents. It is anodic EPD since more particles
are deposited on the anode. This research achieved its objectives where
the different behaviours of the morphology of the TiO2/Activated
Carbon layer deposited by a direct current (DC) charging mode were
observed with respected to different applied voltages and deposition
times.
Key words: activated carbon, composite, DC current, electrophoretic
deposition, suspension, titanium dioxide, voltages
The 1st International Conference on Chemical Engineering Sciences and Applications
7
Modified Carbon Composite Electrode with Zeolit in
Degradation of Dissolved Chlorine
Yohandri Bow*1, Ibnu Hajar2, Rusdianasari3
1,2,3Department of Chemical Engineering, State Polytechnic of
Sriwijaya, Palembang 30139, Indonesia
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Abstract Voltammetry is a electroanalytical method that can be used in the
determination of dissolved chlorine without separation. In this research
used voltammetry method based on Carbon Composite Electrode
(SPCE) coated with zeolite with the aim to improve the sensitivity of
the analyte. The composite carbon-zeolite electrode consists of
platinum as working electrode, silver/silver chloride as reference
electrode and the body electrode was made of polyester resin. The
result of the study indicated that the composite carbon electrode was
suitable for determining of dissolved chlorine at optimum operating
characteristics with an applied voltage of +0.90 V. The steady state
reduction current was achieved after 12 s. The standard calibration
curve (concentration dissolved chlorine-reduction current) showed a
linier relationship in the range of 2.9 – 30 ppm. The analytical
performance characteristics of probe indicated: precision 0.6 – 13.04 %,
sensitivity 0.1236 ppm/µA and detection limit 2.9 ppm. The t-test, F-
test and Q-test at 95% confidence levels showed that there were no
significant differences between using composite carbon-zeolite
electrodes with titrimetric methods.
Key words: voltammetry, carbon composite electrode, zeolite
The 1st International Conference on Chemical Engineering Sciences and Applications
8
Dynamic Mechanical and Gel Content Properties of
Irradiated ENR/PVC Blends with TiO2Nanofillers
Nur Azrini Ramlee*1, Chantara Thevy Ratnam2, Nur Hashimah Alias1,
Mohd Faizal Abd Rahman2
1Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University Technology MARA Shah
Alam, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. 2Malaysian Nuclear Agency (Nuclear Malaysia), Bangi, 43000 Kajang,
Malaysia. *Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
Numerous studies reported on irradiated epoxidized natural
rubber/polyvinyl chloride (ENR/PVC) blends and the blends were
found miscible at all compositional range thus it offers a broad of
opportunity in modifying the blend characteristic. Addition of low
loading titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanofillers in the ENR/PVC blends has
shown a remarkable increment in tensile strength. Thus, this study was
initiated to address the effect of TiO2nanofillers on ENR/PVC blends
dynamic mechanical and gel content properties and its morphology
upon exposure to electron beam irradiation. ENR/PVC blends with
addition of 0, 2 and 6 phr TiO2nanofillers were first blended in a mixing
chamber before being irradiated by an electron beam accelerator at
different 0-200 kGy irradiation doses. The influence of TiO2nanofillers
on the irradiation crosslinking of ENR/PVC blends was study based on
the dynamic mechanical analysis which was carried out in determining
the glass transition temperature and the storage modulus behavior of
ENR/PVC blends incorporated with TiO2nanofillers. Formations of
irradiation crosslinking in the blend were investigated by gel content
measurement. While, the TiO2nanofillers distribution were examined by
Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). Upon irradiation, the
ENR/PVC/6 phr TiO2 formed the highest value of gel fraction. For
dynamic mechanical analysis, it was found that electron beam radiation
increased the Tg of all the compositions. The relationship between the
crosslinking and the stiffness of the nanocomposites also can be found
in this study. The enhancement in the storage modulus and Tg at higher
amount of TiO2 in the blend could be correlated to the enhancement of
the irradiation-induced crosslinking in the nanocomposites
The 1st International Conference on Chemical Engineering Sciences and Applications
9
characteristic and also with the higher agglomerations of TiO2 evidence
shown from the TEM micrograph examination. Lastly, the dimensions
of TiO2 in the blends were found less than 100 nm in diameter which
indicates incorporation of TiO2nanofillers in ENR/PVC blends is
potentially to provide the nanocomposites features.
Key words:TiO2nanofillers, irradiated ENR/PVC, electron beam
radiation, nanocomposites
The 1st International Conference on Chemical Engineering Sciences and Applications
10
Effect of Concentration of Catalyst (BF3-Diethyl
Etherate) on Synthesis of Polyester from Palm Fatty
Acid Distillate (PFAD)
Renita Manurung1, Ahmad Rozi Tanjung1, Ida Ayuningrum1
1Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Sumatera Utara,
Medan 50239, Indonesia
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
The aim of this research is to synthesis of polyester and to determine
the effect of concentration of catalyst on polymerization methyl ester
PFAD. The esterification stage was done at temperature 70oC, reaction
time 120 minute, reactant ratio 1:8 (PFAD: methanol), concentration of
catalyst (H2SO4) 1% (w/w) PFAD; polymerization stage was done at
temperature 126-132°C, polymerization reaction time 4 hours;
polyesterification stage was done at temperature 175-200 oC, reactant
ratios (w/w) 1:1 (polymerized ME : ethylene glycol), reaction time 4
hours and all of stage was stirred at 150 rpm.
The results showed, in the esterification stage was obtained methyl
ester with iodine value 77.29 g I2/100 g, viscosity 6.90 cP, density
859.91 kg/m3 and analysis by using GC-MS showed that the purity of
methyl ester was 82.23% and molecular weight 267.97 g/mol.
Decreasing in iodine value from 77.29 I2 g/100 g to 74.97-59.99 g
I2/100 g indicated that the polymerization process had taken place.
In polyesterification stage was obtained viscous, light brown colored
liquid for concentration of catalyst 0% and 6.9%; and gel polyester,
viscous, dark brown colored solid at room temperature for
concentration of catalyst 9.2% and 11.5% with acid value from 8.19 to
26.14 mg KOH/g, viscosity from 0.07 to 15.2 P, and molecular weight
288.81 to 1522.07 g/mol which is more suitable for applications of
modified polyester. Analysis by using GC showed that the purity of
polyester is equal to 65.49%.
Key words: polyester, palm fatty acid distillate, polymerization
reaction time, biodegradable polymer
The 1st International Conference on Chemical Engineering Sciences and Applications
11
Production of Iridescence Nanocellulose Film from Oil
Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Microcrystalline Cellulose
(OPEFB-MCC)
Rohaizu. R*1, Wanrosli W. D. 1
1School of Industial Technologies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800
Minden, Pulau Pinang
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
Nanocellulose crystal (NCC) has attracted considerable attention due to
its ability to offer materials with fascinating properties and high
performance. In this preliminary study, we report the production of
iridescence nanocellulose film from oil palm empty fruit bunch
microcrystalline cellulose (OPEFB-MCC). Obtained results showed
that NCC was successfully synthesized using a sequence of TEMPO
oxidation, followed by NCC isolation by sonication having a total yield
of 67 %. This method significantly increases the carboxyl content of
NCC from 0.34 mmol COOH g-1 (untreated) to 1.92 mmol g-1 (treated).
Characterization of the product using transmission electron microscopy
(TEM) shows that the isolation of NCC has changed the initial
morphology of the fibre to nano-size. The iridescence nanocellulose
film as prepared from OPEFB-NCC by using the casting method shows
that the iridescent color intensity increases with the NCC concentration.
The phenomenon of colour changes shows that the colour deposition
can be time-tuned to the entire visible spectrum by modulating the
illumination and viewing angle. SEM images of the surface
morphology of iridescence nanocellulose film show some orientation of
film morphology for higher concentration of NCC.
Key words: Nanocellulose Crystal (NCC), iridescence nanocellulose
film, oil palm empty fruit bunch microcrystalline cellulose (OPEFB-
MCC), colour changes
The 1st International Conference on Chemical Engineering Sciences and Applications
12
Characteristics of Red Algae Bioplastics/Latex Blends
under Tension
M. Nizar Machmud,1, Reza Fahmi1, Rohana Abdullah2,3, Coco
Kokarkin4
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Syiah Kuala,
Darussalam, Banda Aceh, 23111 Indonesia 2Department of Agrotechnology, University of Bandung Raya, Jln.
Cikutra No. 171 Bandung, 40124 Indonesia 3 Post Graduate School of Agriculture, University of Padjadjaran, Jl.
Raya Bandung Sumedang Km. 21, Jatinangor, 45363 Indonesia 4 Brackishwater Aquaculture Development Centre Ujung Batee, Jln.
Krueng Raya Km. 16, Ujung Batee, Banda Aceh, 23000 Indonesia Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract Cassava, corn, sago and the other food crops have been commonly used
as raw materials to produce green plastics. However, plastics produced
from such crops cannot be tailored to fit a particular requirement due to
their poor water resistance and mechanical properties. Nowadays,
researchers are hence looking to get alternative raw materials from the
other sustainable resources to produce plastics. Their recent published
studies have reported that marine red algae, that has been already
widely used as a raw material for producing biofuels, is one of the
potential algae crops that can be turned into plastics. In this work,
Eucheuma Cottonii, that is one of the red alga crops, was used as raw
material to produce plastics by using a filtration technique. Selected
latex of Artocarpus altilis and Calostropis gigantea was separately then
blended with bioplastics derived from the red algae, to replace use of
glycerol as plasticizer. Role of the glycerol and the selected latex on
physical and mechanical properties of the red algae bioplastics obtained
under a tensile test performed at room temperature are discussed.
Tensile strength of some starch-based plastics collected from some
recent references is also presented in this paper.
Key words: red algae, latex, tensile properties
The 1st International Conference on Chemical Engineering Sciences and Applications
13
Study on the Effect of Calcination Temperature of
Gaharu Waste for Silica Production
Nurul Amira Shazwani, Z.*1, Ku Halim, K.H.1, Mohibah, M.1, Kamariah
Noor, I.1, Miradatul Najwa, M.R.1
1Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA,40450
Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia *Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
Agarwood is a non-timber forest product with major proportion of retail
value, having had a long history of exploitation and trade for its
aromatic resin especially for oil extraction. The process of oil extraction
from the resin produced abundant of agarwood waste. With current
increments of agarwood production, if the biomass is not properly
utilized, it will become tremendous waste, causing environmental
pollution. White ash, containing majority of SiO2 with traces amount of
other elements was successfully produced from agarwood waste. A
29% silica powder could be produced after heat-treating at 550ºC for 24
hours, thus, creating a possibility for utilization of agarwood waste as
an alternate source of silica production. The aim of the present work is
to verify the calcination temperature for obtaining silica from agarwood
waste after the hydro distillation process of oil extraction. The expected
results are later analysed using CHNOS, FESEM/EDX, FTIR and
thermal analyser.
Key words:Agarwood waste (AW), Agarwood waste ash (AWA),
silica, calcination, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR)
The 1st International Conference on Chemical Engineering Sciences and Applications
14
Cellulose Diacetate from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches
Cellulose
Fauzi Muhammad Djuned1, Teku Muhammad Asnawi, Wan Rosli Wan
Daud
1Bioresource, Paper and Coating Division, School of Industrial
Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang,
Malaysia
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
Cellulose acetate (CA) is one of the most important cellulose
derivatives, includes cellulose diacetate and cellulose triacetate. The
widest applied of CAs is diacetate with degree of substitution (DS)
from 2.2-2.7. Commercially, cellulose acetate is produced from cotton
and wood dissolving pulp, this paper reports on the effort of producing
CA from cheaper raw material i.e. oil palm empty fruit bunches
(OPEFB). Acetylation of cellulose was carried out at room temperature
using acetic anhydride as acetylating agent, acetic acid as solvent and
sulfuric acid and sodium bisulfate as catalysts. Degree of substitution
(DS) of the product was controlled by acetylation time and ratio of
acetic anhydride to cellulose. The product was characterized in terms of
molecular weight (MW), FTIR, NMR and XRD, and compared with
commercial cellulose acetate. The results indicate that cellulose
diacetate produced from OPEFB cellulose had similar characteristics
with commercial cellulose acetate and potentially to be developed
commercially.
Key words: cellulose diacetate, acetylation, EFB
The 1st International Conference on Chemical Engineering Sciences and Applications
15
Characterization of Activated Carbon Produced from
Urban Organic Waste
Abdul Gani Haji1, Gustan Pari2, Muhammad Nazar1 and Habibati1
1Department of Chemistry, FKIP Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam,
Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia 2Forest Product Research and Development Centre, Bogor, Indonesia *Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the characteristics of activated carbon
from urban organic waste. Charcoal results of pyrolysis of organic
waste activated with KOH 1.0 M at a temperature of 700 and 800oC for
60 to 120 minutes. Characteristics of activated carbon were identified
by Furrier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy
(SEM), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). However, their quality is
determined yield, moisture content, ash, fly substances, fixed carbon,
and the power of adsorption of iodine and benzene. The identified
functional groups on activated carbon, such as OH (3448,5-3436,9 cm-
1), and C=O (1639,4 cm-1). In general, the degree and distance between
the layers of active carbon crystallites produced activation in all
treatments showed no significant difference. The pattern of activated
carbon surface topography structure shows that the greater the pore
formation in accordance with the temperature increase the more
activation time needed. The yield of activated carbon obtained ranged
from 72.04 to 82.75%. The results of characterization properties of
activated carbon was obtained from 1.11 to 5.41% water, 13.68 to
17.27% substance fly, 20.36 to 26.59% ash, and 56.14 to 62.31% of
fixed carbon . Absorption of activated carbon was good enough at
800oC and 120 minutes of activation time, that was equal to 409.52
mg/g of iodine and 14.03% of benzene. Activated carbon produced has
less good quality, because only the water content and flying substances
that meet the standards.
Key words: organic waste, carbonization, KOH activation, quality of
activated carbon
The 1st International Conference on Chemical Engineering Sciences and Applications
16
Alternative Fibre Sources from Gracilaria Sp and
Eucheuma Cottonii for Papermaking
M. Nizar Machmud,1, Fauzan Fadi 1, Zahrul Fuadi 1, Coco Kokarkin 2
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Syiah Kuala,
Darussalam, Banda Aceh, 23111 Indonesia 2Brackishwater Aquaculture Development Centre Ujung Batee, Jln.
Krueng Raya Km. 16, Ujung Batee, Banda Aceh, 23000 Indonesia Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
Private sectors have invested in the technology to grow some
Gelidialian red algae families and also tried to convert the algae to pulp
and paper over the last few years in order to replace raw materials from
wood. Several modern systems with their all complexities which are
similar to the wood pulp-based papermaking technology have been
offered to overcome any recent issues settle in the converting process.
Chemical bleaching agents have even been still a standard treatment
that must be established for properly converting the algae pulp to a
sheet of paper. In this present work, the two genus of red algae, called
Gracilaria and Eucheuma, were simply processed to make pulps
without use of any bleaching chemical agents. The potential use of
pulps made of the red algae as raw materials for papermaking was
mechanically studied by testing the sheets made of the red algae
through a tensile test at a room temperature under 20 mm/min
according to ASTM D 828-97 (2002). Tensile properties of the
proposed algae-based paper sheets obtained under the constant rate are
discussed. Tensile properties of the selected wood-based paper sheets
obtained under the same condition are also presented in this paper. The
results showed that pulps made of the red algae would be the alternative
to those of the wood and other natural fibres as raw materials for
papermaking.
Key words: red algae, papermaking, paper sheet, tensile properties
The 1st International Conference on Chemical Engineering Sciences and Applications
17
Analysis the Different Types of Nano Sensors on Based
of Structure and its Applications on Nano Electronics
Hefzollah Mohammadian*1, Mohammad Bagher Heidari 1, Elaheh
Esfandiarijahromi 2
1Department of of Telecom, South Pars Gas Complex, Azad University
of Bushehr, Iran. 2Department of Instrument, South Pars Gas Complex, Shiraz
University, Iran
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
In this paper investigates and analyses the structure of nano sensors will
be discussed. The structure can be classified based of nano sensors:
quantum points, carbon nanotubes and nano tools, which details into
each other and in turn are analyzed. Then will be fully examined to the
Carbon nanotubes as chemical and mechanical sensors. The following
discussion, be examined compares the advantages and disadvantages as
different types of sensors and also it has feature and a wide range of
applications in various industries. Finally, the structure and application
of Chemical sensor transistors and the sensors will be discussed in air
pollution control.
Key words: carbon nanotubes, quantum points, chemical sensors,
mechanical sensors, chemical sensor transistors, Single Walled
Nanotube (SWNT), Atomic Force Microscope (AFM).
The 1st International Conference on Chemical Engineering Sciences and Applications
18
Purification of Sugar Cane Juice by Ultrafiltration
Membrane
Cut Meurah Rosnelly*, Umi Fathanah
Department of Chemical Engineering, Syiah Kuala University,
Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia *Corresponding author:
[email protected]/[email protected]
Abstract Separation technology of membrane can be used in the separation and
purification of sugar cane to produce a good quality juice. The process
of this technology safely because without use of chemicals and can be
done at room temperature so it has lower operating costs than
conventional separation technologies. On refining sugar cane,
ultrafiltration membrane process replaces sulfitation stage.
Specifications cellulose diacetate membranes used are flat with a pore
size of 67 kDa and the membrane surface area of 12.56 cm2. Conducted
prior separation of heavy impurities from sugar cane using a cloth filter
and then sugar cane carried by bulk filtration using a membrane with a
transmembrane pressure variation (TMP) of 60, 120, and 180 kPa at a
flow rate of 7.4 x 10-3 L/m2.hr. The performance of membrane flux is
obtained around 36-165 L/m2.hr in the range 60-180 kPa in the TMP.
Turbidity reduction about 40% and suspended solid decreased 95.65%.
Changes in pH, Brix, and the degree of polarization are not too big as
there is too much damage to sugar sucrose inversion.
Keywords: membrane technology, cellulose diacetate membrane,
purification of sugar cane juice.
The 1st International Conference on Chemical Engineering Sciences and Applications
19
Making and Characterizing Bioplastic from Cassava
(Manihot utilissima) Peel Starch with Sorbitol as
Plasticizer
Umi Fathanah*1, Mirna Rahmah Lubis1, Cut Meurah Rosnelly1, Ryan
Moulana2
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Syiah Kuala
University,Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia 2Department of Agriculture Product Technology, Syiah Kuala
University, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia *Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Abstract Cassava peel is agriculture product waste that is very potential to be one
of raw materials of environmentally friendly bioplastic. Bioplastic or
biodegradable plastic is plastic material that could be degraded in
environment, and made of renewable material such as starch, cellulose,
lignin, lipid, and protein. In this research, study on making bioplastic
from cassava peel starch and chitosan is carried out with sorbitol as
plasticizer, by varying sorbitol concentration addition of 30 and 50%,
and starch to chitosan ratio of 10:0, 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4 (% w) at
gelatinization temperature of 80oC. Research result indicates that the
best mechanical property of bioplastic for tensile strength value as large
of 1.37 Mpa is obtained at sorbitol addition of 30% with starch:chitosan
ratio of 7:3. Modulus Young value as large of 3.7 Mpa is obtained at
sorbitol addition of 30% and pati:chitosan ratio of 8:2, and elongation
% value as large of 26.55% is obtained at sorbitol addition of 50%, and
starch:chitosan ratio of 9:1.
Key words: bioplastic, cassava peel starch, chitosan, sorbitol
The 1st International Conference on Chemical Engineering Sciences and Applications
20
Utilization of Agarwood Distillation Waste in Oilwell
Cement and Its Effect on Free Water and Porosity
Arina Sauki*1, Muhammad Hazman Md Shahid1, Ku Halim Ku Hamid1,
Azlinda Azizi1, Siti Khatijah Jamaludin1, Tengku Amran Tengku
Mohd1, Nur Hashimah Alias1
1Faculty of Chemical Engineering,Universiti Teknologi MARA,40450
Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. *Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
The intent of this research is to utilize the waste produced by distillation
process of Agarwood oil and convert it into a profitable oilwell cement
additive. Common problem during oilwell cementing is free wáter
separation. This problem could weaken cement at the top, gas migration
problem and non-uniform density of cement slurry that are even worst
in cementing deviated well. Another concern on cementing design is the
porosity of the hardened cement. If the cement is too porous, it can lead
to gas migration and casing corrosion. All tests were conducted
according to API Specification-10B. Free water test was determined at
different concentrations of Agarwood Waste Additive (AWA), different
inclination angles and different temperatures. Based on the findings, it
was observed that zero free water was produced when 2% BWOC of
AWA was used at all angles. The findings also revealed that AWA can
maintain good thermal stability as it could maintain zero free water at
increased temperature up to 60˚C. The porosity of AWA cement was
comparable with standard API neat cement as the porosity did not differ
much at 2% BWOC of AWA. Therefore, it can be concluded that the
AWA is suitable to be used as an additive in oil well cement (OWC)
with 2% BWOC is taken as the optimum concentration.
Key words: oilwell cement, agarwood waste, free water, porosity,
inclination angle
The 1st International Conference on Chemical Engineering Sciences and Applications
21
Development of Empty Fruit Bunch as Bio-Matrix for
Methane Production from Aged Leachate in an
Anaerobic Digester
Nur Fatin Dahlia, M.S*1, Ku Halim, K.H2
1Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam,
Selangor 40450, Malaysia 2Center of Environmental Research, Faculty of Chemical Engineering,
Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor 40450, Malaysia *Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
Both empty fruit bunch (EFB) and aged leachate have issues of their
disposals. This paper investigates the prospective of incorporating both
wastes, turning them into valuable green energy. EFB was subjected to
sonication treatment for preparation as bio-matrix and incorporated
together with aged leachate in an anaerobic digester for methane, CH4
production. Sonication of EFB was to promote site formation to
enhance microorganisms’ growth, which resulted in higher methane
production. Digestion was performed for 48 hours at temperature 35°C
with various bio-matrix mass of 20 – 60g, in order to promote
methanogenesis activity. Results showed that digestion at 35 °C with
20g bio-matrix produced bio-gas containing 53 ppm CH4. Whereas
digestions with 40g and 60g bio-matrix mass produce bio-gas with
1890 ppm and 1480 ppm of CH4, respectively. As a conclusion, mass of
bio-matrix in the digestion affects CH4 concentration in bio-gas
produced, however not directly in proportion. In addition, EFB shows a
great potential to be used as bio-matrix in CH4 production form aged
leachate.
Key words: sonication, methanogenesis, methanogens, landfill
leachate, alternative energy.
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
22
Decolorization of Textile Wastewater Using
Lactobacillus delbrueckii
Nurhaslina C. R1, Nazihah M.1
1Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
Shah Alam, Selangor
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
In textile industry, wet processing is the utmost processes contribute
to water pollution problems. Hence, it is significant to do research
for the preservation of the environment. The aim of this present
research is to study the effectiveness of Lactobacillus delbrueckii on
decolorization of remazol dyes present in the textile effluent.
Response surface methodology (RSM) has been employed to design
experiment in order to determine the optimum process parameter for
bacterial decolorization. A total of 20 experiments were run and a
quadratic model was generated for dye decolorization. The RSM
identified that dye concentration of 0.2 ml/ml, pH 7 and temperature
33.5°C were the optimum conditions for decolorization. The result of
analysis shows that the highest percentage of textile wastewater
decolorization for 24 hours was 26 %.
Key words: textile industry; decolorization; Lactobacillus
delbrueckii
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
23
Effect of Baffled Bioreactor Compartment Design on
COD Removal Performance: A Preliminary Study
Hisbullah1, Syahiddin Dahlan Said*1
1Department of Chemical Engineering University of Syiah Kuala,
Banda Aceh, Indonesia *Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
In designing a baffled reactor, there are many factors
affectingperformance that can be explored to further improve the
performance of the reactor. One of them is design of compartment.
In this research, the effect of the compartment design of the
bioreactor on COD removal performance was studied through CFD
model simulation. Two types of design were considered, i.e. right
angle and fillet compartment base. The feasibility of the model for
use in the simulation study was verified with respect to the amount
of methane producedin experimental study reported by other
researcher. The simulation results showed that the performance of
reactor with fillet compartmentwas better where turbulence flow
generated was higher in magnitude. This factor can in turn enhance
the rate of glucose decomposition.
Keywords: baffled bioreactor, COD removal, computational
fluiddynamics, glucose decomposition
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
24
Mercury Emission from Kapar Energy Ventures
(KEV) Power Plant Using Coal as Combustion Media
Kamariah Noor Ismail*1, Ku Halim Ku Hamid1, Nurul Huda
Abdullah1 & Mohibah Musa1
1Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
The main purpose of this research is to study the mercury emission
from KEV Power Plant at the variation of depth and distance and to
analyse the concentration of mercury emission by using ICP-OES.
This research is also done to evaluate the level of mercury toxicity
by using multiple linear regression method. Nine samples of soil
were collected outside the buffer zone of KEV Power Plant. Then,
the samples of soil were going to the drying process before these
samples were sieve and homogenized in the mechanical shaker to get
the ashing samples. Then, the ashing samples were weight and mix
up with the HCl and HNO3. Then, these solutions were filtered and
transferred to a conical flask filled with distilled water. After that,
these solutions were taken and filled in the vial tube and the intensity
of these solutions was analysed by using ICP-OES. Based on the
result, the background mercury concentration in soil at the study area
was estimated to be 0.003661 ppm and 0.0051549 ppm. The
regression value of this work was R2=0.5920 and the confidential
level was 76.94%. As a conclusion, mercury concentration that
released from KEV Power Plant was under the stack gas emission
standard limit which permissible by the DOE in Malaysia and the
study area around KEV power plant is safe for human and natural
habitats.
Key words: mercury emission, soil, ICP-OES, power plant
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
25
Coagulant from Chemically Modified Fish Scale for
Textile Wastewater Treatment
Siti Salwa Abdullah*1, Ku Halim Ku Hamid1, Hanafiah Zainal
Abidin’ Mohibah Musa1
1Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia *Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Abstract
Textile manufacturing is one of the largest industrial users of process
water. This production gives rise to the major pollutant in this
industry where the discharging residue from dyeing process contains
organic and inorganic compounds and some potentially toxic
solvents. This effluent is the environmental challenge for textile
industry where the wastewater often rich in color, high pH, high
COD and BOD also low biodegradability. Therefore, complete dye
removing technology of users and environmental friendly is very
necessary. In this research, biodegradable material for coagulation-
flocculation process tailored for textile wastewater treatment was
developed based on polymeric material from fish scale. This
coagulant with particle size of 75µm was tested for real wastewater
from industry via jar tests to determine the optimum operating
condition such as the dosage of coagulant and pH. The treated textile
wastewater was found to be complying with the Parameter Limits of
Effluents of Standards A and B from Environmental Quality
(Sewage and Industrial Effluents) Regulations 1978, from the result,
the optimum pH and dosage is 5.0 mg/l of coagulant dosage at pH
5.0 respectively. COD reduction is about 98% meanwhile the
reduction of color achieve more that 90%.
Key words: fish scale, textile wastewater, polymeric material,
coagulant, biodegradable
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
26
Hybrid Water Treatment System by Conventional
Method and Ultrafiltration Membranes
Bastian Arifin1, Sri Aprilia*1, Amri Amin2, Fauzi Muhammad
Djuned3
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Syiah Kuala
University,Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
2Engineering Faculty of Abulyatama University, Banda Aceh-
Indonesia 3Bioresource division School of Industrial Technology, University
Sains Malaysia, Penang-Malaysia *Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
Water treatment for clean water with coagulation process followed
membrane process has been investigated. The water resource in this
study from two river i.e. Alue Coet Bada North Aceh, and Krueng
Tujoh West Aceh. The concentration of colour index from water
river were 103.50 and 128.10 unit, with pH about 4-5. The optimum
condition of coagulation process was found for 40 and 50 ppm
concentration of coagulant (Al(OH)3) with pH 7 and 8 from jar test
procedure. And then, this optimum condition continued filtration
with ultrafiltration membranes. Three kinds of membrane have used
for this process i.e cellulose acetate, polysulfone and
polyacrilonitrille membranes. The water river has done by
membrane processes followed with and without coagulation process.
The rejection of colour index from membrane process 30-60 %
without conventional process and 80 – 90% from hybrid process.
Key words: Water treatment, coagulation process, membrane
process, index colour of water
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
27
Application of Hydrothermal Treatment to High
Concentrated Sewage Sludge for Anaerobic Digestion
Process
Mikako Orikawa, Hirotsugu Kamahara, Yoichi Atsuta, Hiroyuki
Daimon*
Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Toyohashi
University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tempaku-cho,
Toyohashi-shi, Aichi, 441-8580, Japan *Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract Tomato and seaweed were produced by utilizing CO2 and heat
discharged from power generation using biogas in Toyogawa
biomass park, Japan. The biogas was obtained by anaerobic
digestion with hydrothermal treatment. The hydrothermal treatment
was applied to the high concentrated sewage sludge (22 % total
solids (TS) dewatered sludge). The purpose of this study is to clarify
the effect of hydrothermal treatment on the qualities of high
concentrated sewage sludge, by analysing particulate organic carbon
(POC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The hydrothermal
treatment was investigated under 10-60 min of treatment time, 180-
200 °C of temperature, 10-22 %-TS of sewage sludge concentration.
The results showed that the DOC in each condition increased
through hydrothermal treatment. The highest DOC obtained was 67
% of total carbon concentration, when the temperature was 180 °C,
treatment time was 60 min and sewage sludge concentration was 10
%-TS. Furthermore, the viscosity of treated sewage sludge was
decreased by hydrothermal treatment. The results of this study
indicated that the possibility of application of hydrothermal
treatment to high concentrated sewage sludge for anaerobic
digestion process.
Key words: sewage sludge, hydrothermal treatment, anaerobic
reaction, solubilisation
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
28
Physical and Biology Pretreatment of Water Hyacinth
Biomass for Cellulase Enzymes Production from
Aspergillus Niger and TrichodermaReesei
Feni Amriani*, Fatimah, Iriany
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, University of North
Sumatera, Padang Bulan, Medan 20155, Indonesia
*Corresponding author : [email protected]
Abstract Water hyacinth is known to contain cellulose 27,78%, hemicellulose
37,50% and lignin 5,99%. On the production of bioethanol, cellulase
enzyme is needed to convert cellulose into glucose. Cellulase
enzyme can be produced from several types of fungus such as
Aspergillus Niger and Trichoderma Reesei. Before the water
hyacinth biomassis usedas a substrate, pre-treatment need to be done
first. In this research, physical pre-treatment conducted by reduce the
size of biomass of water hyacinth and biological pre-treatment by
relying white root fungus todegra delignin and improving
accessibility of cellulose enzymes to the cellulose, using variance of
variable fermentation time 3, 5, 7, 8 and 9 days; moisture/substrate
moisture content65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, and 85%, and the use of
fungus in mono and mix cultures respectively. The result showed
that optimum conditions for cellulose enzyme production on
physicalpre-treatment were at 7th day, 75% of moisture content, and
the use of mono culture fungus Aspergillus Niger with cellulose
enzyme activity 0.207IU/ml, and the optimum conditions of
biological pre-treatment were fermentation time at 7thday, 80% of
moisture content, and the use of mono culture fungus Aspergillus
Niger with cellulose enzyme activity 0.1056IU/ml respectively.
Key words: cellulase enzyme, Water Hyacinth, Aspergillus Niger,
TrichodermaReesei, pre-treatment, cellulose.
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
29
Assessment of Water Balance in A Small Island: A
Case Study in Sabang Island, Aceh Province
Izarul Machdar*1, Wahyu Rinaldi1
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,
Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
Abstract The main objective of this study is to prepare a Material Flow
Analysis (MFA) approach for estimation of usage and disposal of
water in Weh Island, Sabang. The total water consumption in the
island is estimated about 1.477.534 m3 per year or 4048 m3 per day.
PDAM (public water supply) is the dominant type of supply
accounting for 70,61 % of total supply. Other using for domestic
(population) and commercial, hotel, cafeteria, market, hospital,
school, small industry, army barrack, and port is account for about
56.12%, 1,27%, 0.29%, 6.24%, 0.22%, 10.54%, 1.37%, and 0.84%
respectively. Raw water source for PDAM is supplied from Danau
Aneuk Laot (Aneuk Laot Lake). It is estimated nearby 24,88 L/s
water is supplied to consumer. Storage capacity of the lake is
calculated by using Golden Software Surfer 8. It was found that
about 6 million cubic meter of water could be stored. Currently, it is
found the capacity of about 4.281.233 m3 or reduce by 28%.
Domestic wastewater is produced of around 749.400 m3 per year and
mostly is discharged to the sea. It was suggested that individual or
communal constructed wetland could be used to maintain water
resource in Sabang Island. In addition, a regulation should be
developed to maintain water stock in the island.
Key words: MFA, Sabang Island, Small Island, water balance,
sustainable development
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
30
Removal of Organic Matter in Eutrophication Ponds
at Various Oxygen Supply Conditions
M. Faisal1, Hiroyuki Daimon2 and Koichi Fujie3
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Syiah Kuala University,
Aceh, Indonesia 2Department of Environmental and Life Science,Toyohashi
University of Technology,Toyohashi , Japan 3Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences
Yokohama National University,Yokohama, Japan
Abstract Eutrophication problems have received considerable attention in
many countries, especially because they relate to the quality of water
supply. This research focused on the effect of oxygen dissolution on
water quality in an eutrophication pond. The study was conducted at
the Osawa pond located in Toyohashi zoo and botanical park,
Toyohashi, Japan. Pond mass balances for carbon and nitrogen were
determined, and pond water quality of turbidity, particulate organic
matter and Chlorophyll-a were monitored. The results confirmed that
the dissolved oxygen concentration of the bottom layer of the pond
increased with the supply of oxygen. The quantity of carbon in the
pond decreased with oxygen supply. However the amount of
nitrogen did not change significantly. Other parameters of turbidity,
particulate organic matter and Chlorophyll-a decrease with oxygen
supply.
Key words: eutrophication; dissolved oxygen; water quality;
carbon and nitrogen balance
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
31
Waste Management Option and Renewable Energy
from Tofu Processing Waste in Banda Aceh City
M. Faisal*1, Izarul Machdar1, Farid Mulana1, Hiroyuki Daimon2
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Syiah Kuala University,
Aceh, Indonesia 2Department of Environmental and Life Science,Toyohashi
University of Technology,Toyohashi , Japan
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Abstract
This study discussed possible waste management option, renewable
energy and material balance, from tofu processing waste in Banda
Aceh City. There are 12 tofu processing industries in Banda Aceh
with raw materials capacity ranging from 200-350 kg/day for each
industry. Totally, about 66,000 kg of wastewater produced from
3,000 kg/day soybean in Banda Aceh. Currently, the waste has been
disposed into the environment and river without any treatment,
causing bad odours and pollution of the surface and ground water.
The management of this waste with high water content represents an
economic problem because of the high costs for disposal, treatment
and/or use. Owing to its non-cellulosic nature with high carbohydrate
and proteins, tofu processing wastewater has the potential to
produce renewable energy such as methane, biohydrogen and
ethanol. Depend on the process conditions, anaerobic digestion has
been suggested as an alternative method of removing the high-
concentration organic waste in tofu processing and at the same time
can produce a clean renewable energy source of methane and
hydrogen.
Key words: Tofu waste, renewable energy, anaerobic digestion,
organic compound, biogas.
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
32
Application of Electrocoagulation Process for Coal
Stockpile Wastewater Treatment
Rusdianasari*1, Susila Arita2, Eddy Ibrahim3, Ngudiantoro4
1Department of Chemical Engineering, State Polytechnic of
Sriwijaya, Palembang 30139, Indonesia
Doctoral Candidate of Environmental Science, Sriwijaya
University, Palembang 30139, Indonesia 2Department of Chemical Engineering, Sriwijaya University,
Indralaya 30662, Indonesia 3 Department of Mining Engineering, Sriwijaya Universiy, Indralaya
30662, Indonesia 4Department of Mathematics, Sriwijaya University, Indralaya 30662,
Indonesia
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Abstract Coal wastewater is characterized by high total suspended solid
(TSS), heavy metals, and low acidity (pH). The purpose of this study
was to research the effects of the operating parameters such as
applied electrical potential, number of electrodes, and reaction time
on a real coal stockpile wastewater in the continuous
electrocoagulation process. For this purpose, aluminium electrodes
were used in the presence of potassium chloride as electrolyte. It has
been shown that the removal efficiency of TSS and heavy metals
content increased with increasing the applied voltage and reaction
time. The results indicate that the electrocoagulation process is
efficient and able to achieve 88.67% TSS removal, 95.65% ferrous
removal, 99.11% manganese removal, and pH increased until 7.1 at
24 volt during 120 min. The experiments demonstrated the
effectiveness of electrocoagulation methods for the treatment of coal
stockpile wastewater.
Key words: coal stockpile wastewater, electrocoagulation, electrode
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
33
The Mathematical Model Reduced Levels of
Ammonia, Nitrite and Nitrate Fertilizer Industry
Wastewater Using Activated Charcoal from Coffee of
Waste
Eddy Kurniawan*1, Erna Maulida, Amri Aji
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Malikussaleh University,
Reuleut, Aceh Utara 24351, Indonesia *Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
Wastewater industrial fertilizers contain various types of wastes that
are hazardous to environment, such as ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, and
so on. In this study, wastewater treatment is done with the fertilizer
industry using activated charcoal from coffee grounds as an
adsorbent of ammonia, nitrite and nitrate. The purpose of this study
was to determine the equations adsorption according to equation
modeling approach to determine the activated charcoal to absorb the
concentration of ammonia, nitrite and nitrate in wastewater fertilizer
industry. The research was conducted by using a mixing process
magnetic stirrer. Conditions laid waste volume of 50 ml. whereas
variations are done, time and weight of activated carbon adsorption.
With wastewater activated charcoal mixed in a certain time and then
filtered, the filtrate was analyzed levels of ammonia, nitrite and
nitrate. Initial concentration of ammonia wastewater 102.728 mg / L,
nitrite 15.4510 mg / L and nitrate 26.5384 mg / L. Suitable for use
equation is the Langmuir equation is used, as can be seen from the
R2 obtained close to 1. Langmuir equation in the equation is:
1. Amonia
= 0,051 mg/g, with R2 = 0.951,
2.Nitrit
= 0,100 mg/g, with R2 = 0.998,
3.Nitrat
= 0,029 mg/g , with R2 = 0.997.
Key words: activated charcoal, coffee powder, levels of ammonia,
levels of nitrite, levels of nitrate, wastewater.
706,89).0109,0(1
706,89).0109,0).(0025,0(
qe
)44,5).(1160,0(1
44,5).1160,0).(0590,0(
qe
37,15).0429,0(1
37,15).0429,0).(0294,0(
qe
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
34
Composition Variation Effect of Rice Straw and
Coconut Shell to Biobriquette Characteristics as
Alternative Fuel
Muhammad Yerizam*1, Muhammad Faizal*2, Marsi*3, Novia*2
1Doctoral Candidate of Enviromental Science, Sriwijaya University
Chemical Engineering Depertement of State Polytechnic of
sriwijaya, Jl. Srijaya Negara. Bukit Besar, Palembang 30139,
Indonesia 2Departement of Chemical, Engineering Faculty, Sriwijaya
University, Indralaya 30662 3Departement of Agriculture, Agriculture Faculty, Sriwijaya
University, Indralaya 30662
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract Rice straws have big potential when processed into solid fuel, due to
high content of volatile matter level so flammable, therefore rice
straws used as raw materials in the manufacture of biobriquette.
Biobriquette making process done by varying between rice straw and
coconut due to coconut shell already has good essential in making
biobriquette. Rice straw and coconut shell carbonated and then
performed size reduction to 60 mesh size. Raw material analysis was
conducted on moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, sulfur
content, and calorific value. . The mixing charcoal and coconut rice
straw with powder adhesive tapiuoka were doing with the
composition of 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, 50:50. After the mixing,
the products scored. Further that the analysis of products included
ultimate analysis, test press, calorific value, ignition test early, the
flame time of biobriquettes, and the rate of mass reduction during
combustion with the best results were obtained the biobioquette
variation in the composition of 50:50 with 4355 cal / gr of calorific
value, 69 seconds of beginning old flame and 102 minutes of ash
briquette.
Key words: rice straw, coconut shell, biobriquettes, carbonization.
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
35
H2 Evolution on Lanthanum and Carbon Co-doped
NaTaO3 Photocatalyst
Husni Husin*1, Mahidin1, Zuhra1, Fikri Hasfita2
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Syiah Kuala University,
Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia 2Department of Chemical Engineering, Malikussaleh University,
Lhoekseumawe, Aceh Utara 24300, Indonesia
*Corresponding author: [email protected];
Abstract
We report a carbon-modify lanthanum doped sodium tantalum oxide
powders (La-C-NaTaO3) by sol-gel process. The resultant materials
are characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning
electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy
(TEM). The X ray diffraction of La-C-NaTaO3 show a single phases
with a good crystallinity and without any impurity. The samples are
exactly indexed as NaTaO3 monoclinic structure with the space
group P2/m. The SEM measurements give a smaller particle size of
doped NaTaO3 than pure NaTaO3. The effect of dopant on the
photocatalytic activity of La-C-NaTaO3 in the photocatalytic of
hydrogen generation is studied and compared with pure NaTaO3.
The results show that the rate of hydrogen evolution over La-C-
NaTaO3 is higher as compared to that of pure NaTaO3. The
enhancement of photocatalytic activity of La-C-NaTaO3
nanocrystalline is mainly due to their capability for reducing the
electron hole pair recombination. The La-C-dopant is believed to
play a key role in the enhancement of photocatalytic properties of
La-C-NaTaO3 crystalline.
Key words: photocatalyst; La-C-doped; sodium tantalum oxide;
hydrogen generation
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
36
Fundamental Study on Desulfurization Characteris-
tics of Bio-briquette at Low Temperature Using
Calcium Based Adsorbent
Khairil*1, Mahidin2, Asri Gani2 and Ibrahim1
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Syiah Kuala
University,Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia 2Department of Chemical Engineering, Syiah Kuala
University,Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia *Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
Fundamental study on desulfurization characteristics of bio-briquette
at low temperature using calcium based adsorbent was studied by
using an electric furnace laboratory scale. In the experiments, the
coal and palm shell material was selected to produce a bio-briquette
which is dolomite or egg shell was added as adsorbent as well. In
this study, the air was used as oxidizer, while the temperature in
electric furnace was varied from 150 to 400oC, respectively. The
experimental results show that the combustion temperature may
affect to bio-briquette mass decreasing fraction. In addition, the
higher percentage of biomass in bio-briquette shows the higher rate
of mass decreasing fraction as well. It is also shown that the SOX
emitted from burning of bio-briquette with dolomite additive is
lower than compared to with egg shell additive.
Key words: coal, palm shell, bio-briquette, desulfurizer, low
temperature
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
37
Development of Desulfurization Process for Bio-
briquette Using Natural Calcium-based Adsorbent
and Its Kinetics Evaluation for Design Purpose
Mahidin*1, Asri Gani1, Abrar Muslim1, Husni Husin1, Khairil2
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Syiah Kuala University,
Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Syiah Kuala University,
Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia * Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract Use of biomass as a co-fuel in coal combustion is especially
addressed for diversification of energy resource, besides for emission
reduction during the coal combustion. Some emissions releases in
the coal combustion or co-combustion are SOx, NOx, CO and CO2.
However, since the coal is still a main part in mix fuel of coal and
co-fuel, release of SOx may occur in combustion process. Therefore,
introduce of adsorbent to adsorb SO2 gas is common in the coal
combustion or co-combustion process. Calcium is a kind of
adsorbent usually use for this propose. Biomass used in this study is
palm kernel shell (PKS). The aims of this study are to observe the
effect of desulfurization temperature, type of adsorbent and ratio of
Ca/S (Ca = calcium content in adsorbent; S = sulphur content in coal
and biomass) on the desulfurization efficiency and kinetics. Ratio of
coal to PKS is 90:10 (wt/wt) and ratios of Ca to S fixed as 1:1,
1.25:1, 1.5:1, 1.75: 1 and 2:1. The mixture of coal, PKS and
adsorbent is densified by briquetting at molding pressure of 6
ton/cm2 and using binding agent of Jatropha curcas seeds and starch
to produce the bio-briquette. Desulfurization was performed at
temperatures of 300, 350, 400, 450 and 500 °C for 720 seconds at air
flow rate of 1.2 L/min. The results showed that the lowest levels of
SO2 for scallop shell and green mussel shell adsorbents was found at
the Ca/S of 2:1. Then, the highest desulfurization efficiency for
scallop shell was produced at the Ca/S of 2:1 and temperature of 400
°C, i.e. 90.59%. Meanwhile, for the green mussel shell, the highest
efficiency was obtained at Ca/S of 1.5:1 and temperature of 400 °C
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
38
as much as 84.74%. The highest reaction rate constants of
desulfurization for scallop shell provided at the Ca/S 1:1, i.e. 0.265,
whereas the highest reaction rate constants of green mussel shell
exhibited at the Ca/S 1.5:1 as high as 0.198.
Key words: bio-briquette, calcium-based adsorbents,
desulfurization, desulfurization kinetics
Development of Semiautomatic Biodiesel Apparatus
Based in Control Relay Mahlinda*1 and Rifki1
1Balai Riset dan Standardisasi Industri Banda Aceh Jl. Cut Nyak
Dhien No.377 Lamteumen Timur Banda Aceh *Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
Research on the development of semiautomatic biodiesel apparatus
based in control relay has been conducted. The objective of this
research was to design a semiautomatic biodiesel apparatus based in
control relay and to study the production process as well as
characteristics of biodiesel produced. The results of research showed
that the apparatus designed has worked well, with the highest yield
obtained at a molar ratio of oil and methanol 1:4, at processing time
40 minutes and processing temperature 55 0C by using palm oil and
used cooking oil as feedstock. The results of quality testing on
biodiesel product shows that all parameters tested have met the
requirements of ASTM D6751. From the data of GCMS analysis, it
can be concluded that the results of synthesis in this research is
indeed biodiesel compounds that is methyl ester. Methyl ester
compounds derived are methyl oleate, methyl palmitate, methyl
stearate, methyl linoleic acid, methyl myristate, and other contents in
small quantities, with a total amount of 98.30% achieved by using
palm oil and 96.23% achieved by using used cooking oil.
Key words: biodiesel, semiautomatic, control relay, palm oil, used
cooking oil
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
39
Continuous Biodiesel Production in a Fixed Bed
Reactor with Hydrotalcite
as Heterogeneous Catalyst
Z. Helwani1,2, JeckyAsmura, N. Aziz 2, M.R. Othman*2
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Riau University, Pekanbaru
28293, Indonesia. 2School of Chemical Engineering, UniversitiSains
Malaysia,14300NibongTebal, Penang, Malaysia.
Abstract
A continuous biodiesel production from the transesterification of
jatropha oil with methanol was investigated in a fixed bed reactor
packed with hydrotalcite as a heterogeneous catalyst. The conversion
to biodiesel achieved 94.1% under the conditions: reaction
temperature of 453.15 K, methanol/soybean oil molar ratio of 9:1
and feed flow rate of 1.2 ml/min. The catalyst can be regenerated in-
situ and restored to the original activity to achieve continuous
production after the catalyst deactivation. The product obtained was
mainly composed of methyl esters. It is believed that the fixed bed
reactor with hydrotalcite has a potential commercial application in
the transesterification of triglyceride.
Keywords:hydrotalcite, sol-gel, continuous transesterification, fixed
bed reactor, heterogeneuous catalyst
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
40
Off-Grade Palm Oil as a Renewable Raw Material for
Biodiesel Production By Two-Step Processes
Rangga Budiawan1, Zulfansyah1, WarmanFatra, Z. Helwani*1
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Riau University, Pekanbaru
28293, Indonesia.
Abstract
One source of vegetable oil that has not been used and generated
from sorting process in palm oil mill is off-grade oil palm fruit.
Availability of off-grade oil palm fruit is about 7-10% for a Palm Oil
Mill with capacity 30 ton per hour and has potential to cause
environmental pollution. The objective of this research were to
produce biodiesel from off-grade oil palm fruit by two step reaction,
to characterize and to study the effect of transesterification process
condition such as concentration of NaOH catalyst, molar ratio of
methanol to oil and reaction temperature on yield, acid number,
density and viscosity of biodiesel. Three factors Central Composite
Design (CCD) is utilized as experimental design. The effect of
process condition to responses wasanalyzed using statistical software
(Design Expert 6.0). The result showed that the highest yield of
biodiesel is 93,45% with molar ratio of methanol to oil of 10:1,
reaction temperature at 50°C and 0,75% (w/w) of NaOH. The
influence factors are concentration of NaOH catalyst and reaction
temperature. The characteristic of biodiesel such as acid value,
density, viscosity and flash point has met the standard biodiesel of
Indonesia. In this research, the process condition is not significantly
affected the characteristics of biodiesel.
Key words:biodiesel, off-grade oil palm fruit, esterification,
transesterification
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
41
Distillation under Very High Gravity Fermentation
Conditions
Nurhayati 1, Chieh-Lun Cheng 1, Yung-Chung Lo 1,3 , Jo-Shu Chang 1,2,3*
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung
University, Tainan 701, Taiwan 2 Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung
University, Tainan 701, Taiwan 3 Research Center for Energy Technology and Strategy, National
Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Abstract
Very high gravity (VHG) fermentation fed with a medium
containing up to 300 g/L glucose with a production of more than
16% (v/v) ethanol can reduce the energy consumption on ethanol
distillation and distillage treatment. However, the operational
instability and the glucose utilization efficiency during fermentation
are the biggest challenges. In this work, modified PVA-immobilized
Zymomonas mobilis cells were used to enhance the efficiency of
ethanol production under VHG conditions. Moreover, continuous
ethanol fermentation was integrated with in-situ ethanol removal via
vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) to overcome the problems
associated with product inhibition and the resulting low ethanol
productivity during ethanol fermentation. The developed VMD-
integrated VHG fermentation system can be successfully operated
under a feeding glucose concentrations of up to 300 g/L (or 30%
(w/v)) with a maximum ethanol concentration of 127.39 g/L (or
16.14% (v/v)), an ethanol productivity of 63.69 g/L/h and a glucose
conversion of 84.93%. This performance is significantly better than
most of reported results in the literature. This study demonstrates
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
42
that the integration of VMD system with continuous immobilized-
cell culture is feasible to overcome ethanol inhibition problem,
leading to a significant improvement in ethanol production
performance.
Key words: Ethanol, Zymomonas mobilis, immobilized cell, very
high gravity fermentation, membrane distillation
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
43
Study on the Effect of KOH Catalyst on Biodiesel
Preparation from Cotton Seed Oil in Stirred Tank
M. Husin Ismayanda1, Cut Meurah Rosnelly*1
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Syiah Kuala
University,Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia *Corresponding author: [email protected] /
Abstract Biodiesel is made from vegetable oils derived from renewable
resources including cotton seed through a process of
transesterification of triglycerides using KOH catalyst. The aim of
the research is to determine the effect of the amount of catalyst on
the transesterification of cottonseed oil and to determine the best
amount of catalyst. Transesterification reaction takes place at a
temperature of 60 ° C by reacting ratio of cotton seed oil and
methanol 1:2, 1:6, and 1:10 in the stirred tank. Catalyst of KOH used
varied in 1%, 1.5%, and 2.5% of the weight of cottonseed oil.
Separation of methyl ester (biodiesel) and glycerol from the reaction
carried out by the method of decantation after settling for 12 hours.
Washing biodiesel still contains methanol done using hot water (50 °
C) to get a layer of clear yellow biodiesel and water layers. The
maximum yield of biodiesel obtained at a ratio of cottonseed oil and
methanol 1:6 with 1% of the amount of catalyst weight of cottonseed
oil by 74.6% with reaction time 120 minutes. The resulting
approachBiodeisel ASTM and ISO standard characteristics, namely:
density (0.85 - 0.89 gr/cm3), viscosity (4.3 - 6 cSt), and acid number
(0.42 – 0.67).
Keywords: cottonseed oil, KOH, transesterification, biodiesel
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
44
Transesterification Reaction of Palm Oil via Modified
Dolomites for Biodiesel Production
Z.A Shajaratun Nur1,2, Y.H. Taufiq-Yap*1,2, M.F. Rabiah Nizah1,2,
Aminul Islam1,2
1Catalysis Science and Technology Research Centre, Faculty of
Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor,
Malaysia. 2Department of Chemical, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra
Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
Rapid energy consumption nowadays has led to the development of
renewable resources of energy such as biodiesel. Dolomite is a
potential heterogeneous base catalyst in biodiesel production.
Transesterification of palm oil via calcined dolomite catalyst gave
98.3 % of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) conversion. In order to
obtain modified dolomite catalyst, metal oxides (Sn and Zn) were
doped separately on the AD via wet impregnation method and
calcined in air at 773 K for 3 h. The catalysts were characterized by
using X-ray Diffractometer (XRD), Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET)
surface area, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Temperature
Programmed Desorption (TPD) of CO2. The catalysts were then
employed for transesterification reaction under different conditions
(time, methanol to oil molar ratio and amount of catalyst). Sn-
dolomites (SD) reached optimum conversion (100 %) at lower
conditions i.e. 15:1 methanol to oil molar ratio in 4 h compared to
Zn-dolomites (ZD) and AD. The activities of these catalysts were
found depending on the basicity and the surface area of the catalyst
used.
Key words: biodiesel, transesterification, palm oil, heterogeneous
catalyst, dolomites, tin oxide, zinc oxide.
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
45
Transesterification of Non-Edible Jatropha curcas Oil
to Biodiesel Using Bi2O3-La2O3 Catalyst
M.F. Rabiah Nizah1,2 , Y.H. Taufiq-Yap*1,2 , Z.A. Shajaratun Nur1,2,
and Aminul Islam1,2
1Catalysis Science and Technology Research Centre, Faculty of
Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor,
Malaysia 2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra
Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Abstract
Biodiesel is gaining more attention since it is a renewable source of
energy that can be an alternative for petroleum based diesel fuels.
Biodiesel is even more preferable since it can be produce easily via
transesterification reaction. Jatropha Curcas oil (JCO) is one of the
feasible source since it is a non-edible oil, hence no competition over
food resources. In this study, Bi2O3 (1-7 wt.%) supported on La2O3
was prepared for simultaneous esterification and transesterification
of JCO and its potential as heterogeneous catalyst was assessed.
These catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), BET
surface area, temperature programmed desorption of CO2 (TPD-CO2)
and temperature programmed desorption of NH3 (TPD-NH3). Under
optimum transesterification condition at 150°C with catalyst amount
of 2 wt.%, methanol/oil molar ratio of 15:1 and reaction time of 4 h,
5 wt.% of Bi2O3 on La2O3 catalyst gave the highest fatty acid methyl
ester (FAME) conversion of 93%. This catalyst was maintained 87%
of FAME conversion after three times of successive reuse.
Key words: biodiesel, transesterification, Jatropha curcas oil,
heterogeneous catalyst
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
46
Application of Response Surface Methodology in
Extraction of Bioactive Component from Palm Leaves
(Elaeis guineensis)
Nur Afiqah Arham1, Nurul Amal Nadhirah Mohamad1, Junaidah
Jai*1, Jagannathan Krishnan1, Noorsuhana Mohd Yusof1
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
Shah Alam 40450, Malaysia *Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract The hydroxyl groups of the polyphenols are capable to act as
reducing agent for reduction reaction. The effect of drying
temperature, extraction temperature and extraction duration were
evaluated using central composite design which consists of 20
experimental runs. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used
to estimate the optimum parameters in extracting polyphenols from
the palm leaves. The correspondence analysis of the results yielded a
quadratic model which can be used to find optimum conditions of
extraction process. The optimum extraction condition of drying
temperature, extraction temperature and extraction duration are
70°C, at 70°C of 10 minutes, respectively. Total polyphenols were
determined by application of the Folin-Ciocalteu micro method and
the extract was found contain of 8 mg GAE/g dry palm leaves at
optimum conditions.
Key words: extraction, hydroxyl, palm leaves, polyphenols,
response surface methodology
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
47
Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Crude Xylanase from
Aspergilus niger
Wan Zahira Hanis Wan Zin*1, Miradatul Najwa Muhd Rodhi1,
Norazlina Idris 2
1Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia 2Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Selangor, Jalan Timur
Tambahan, 45600 Bestari Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
Abstract Study of enzymatic hydrolysis on crude enzyme which is xylanase
from Aspergillus niger (ATCC 16404) was performed. Enzyme
kinetic parameters Vmax and Km of crude xylanase were determined.
Xylanase can be consumed in paper and pulp industry and also in
animal feed industry. The crude xylanase used in this study was from
oil palm leaf as the substrate instead of using natural xylan which is
very costly. For the enzymatic hydrolysis study, the substrate
concentration which is Birchwood xylan was varied from 0.04%
(w/v) until 1.6% (w/v). Crude enzyme with concentration of 0.1
U/ml was added and incubated at 50°C for 15 minutes. Then, the
reading of absorbance was taken at 540 nm. The results indicated
that for Lineweaver-Burk plot, Vmax was 0.102, Km was 3.4995 and
R2 was 0.9345. Lineweaver-Burk plot was the best plot since its R2 is
the highest compared to the Michaelis Menten, Langmuir and Eadie
Hofstee plots. By using commercial enzyme (xylanase), the results
shown that for Lineweaver-Burk plot, Vmax was 25.5102, Km was
2.5153 and R2 was 0.9692. This shows that the Km of commercial
xylanase has 41.82% lower than the Km of the crude xylanase. It
means that the crude xylanase is potential to use in the industries.
The enzyme activity for crude xylanase was 53 U/ml and protein
concentration was 0.7785. The percent yield of crude enzyme was
97.74%.
Key words: enzymatic hydrolysis, Vmax, Km, xylanase, oil palm leaf
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
48
A Review on Cocoa Butter Equivalent Production via
Enzymatic Interesterification
Reiza Mutia*1,2, Dayang Norulfairuz Abang Zaidel1, Ida Idayu
Muhammad1
1Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Chemical
Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor
Bahru, Johor, Malaysia 2Scholarship Grantee of Amanah Pelalawan Foundation, Indonesia *Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Abstract Cocoa butter (CB) is an important major constituent of chocolate and
other confectionary products that contributes to the desirable textural
and sensory properties. However several factors such as premium
price, uncertainty in supply and variability in quality, have led the
search for an alternative from available and cheap commercial oils or
fats. One of alternative fats for CB replacement is cocoa butter
equivalent (CBE) which has similar physicochemical characteristics
as CB and are therefore compatible with cocoa butter. They are used
for (partial) replacement of CB in chocolate. There are several
methods that are commonly used in CBEs production including
blending natural fats, fractionation, hydrogenation and
interesterification, chemically or enzymatically. Recently, enzymatic
interesterification becomes an option for research to obtain specialty
fats like CBE, because of the inherent advantages associated with the
enzymatic process. Therefore this review highlights the enzymatic
interesterification in CBE production, including type of raw
materials, type of reactions, reaction conditions, sources of enzyme,
and reactor used in CBE production.
Key words: cocoa butter, cocoa butter equivalent, enzymatic
interesterification
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
49
The Alkaline-Ozonolysis Pretreatment and
Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation
(SSF) for the Production of Bioethanol from Rice
Straw
Novia*1,3, Hermansyah2,3 and Arif Nurrahman 3
1Chemical Engineering, Technical Faculty, Sriwijaya University,
Inderalaya, SUMSEL, Indonesia 2Chemistry, Mathematics and Science Faculty, Sriwijaya University,
Inderalaya, SUMSEL, Indonesia 3Chemical Engineering, BKU Environmental Technology Master
Degree Program UNSRI
Corresponding author: [email protected].
Abstract The utilization of rice straw to produce bioenergy such as bioethanol
is one of the most strategies for overcoming fossil fuel crisis. The
mixture between the highly purity bioethanol and gasoline (gasohol)
leads the increasing of octan number. Rice straw contains cellulose
which is the raw material of the second generation of bioethanol. In
this research, the straw was pretreated with ozonolysis-alkaline
pretreatment. The ozonolysis were carried out in fixed bed reactor
after the alkaline pretreatment process. The particle size of biomass
on the ozonolysis-alkaline pretreatment showed the significant
effects on the degradation of lignin. Additionally, the ozonolysis-
alkaline pretreatment experiments evidenced a degradation of lignin.
The ethanol production from rice straw was investigated by using the
simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) with cellulase
enzyme from the aspergilus niger and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
The results showed that the highest ethanol concentration is about
110,97 mg/l which is obtained at the SSF time of 120 hours dan the
yeast concentration of 20 mL.
Key words: alkaline pretreatment, bioethanol, rice straw, SSF,
ozonolysis
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
50
Physicochemical Properties of Pectin from Cocoa Pod
Husk Extracted with Ammonium Oxalate through
Different Extraction Time and pH
Irfan*1, Asmawati1, Fahrizal1, Cut Erika1
1Department of Agricultural Product Technology, Syiah Kuala
University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia *Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract Cocoa (Theobroma cocoa L) is one of the local superior
commodities in Aceh Province. The production of cocoa continues to
increase significantly every year. Cocoa Pod husk is a waste product
of cocoa beans industry which is containing pectin with
concentration ranged between 2-10%. Pectin extraction is one of the
potential researches to increase economic value of cocoa pod husks.
This study aimed to determine the effect of extraction time and pH
on the characteristics of cocoa pod husk pectins. Pectin was
extracted from cocoa pod husks using ammonium oxalate, extraction
time (60 and 120 min) and pH (2.6, 3.6 and 4.6). The use of
ammonium oxalate produced high yield of pectin ranged from 6.63
to 12.75%, moisture content was 7,36 to 10,77%, methoxyl content
was 5.19 to 5.70%, anhydrogalacturonic acid of 59.84 to 63.14%,
the esterification degree was 48.43 to 51.43 % and relative viscosity
was 40 – 186,6 cP. The extraction time for 60 minutes at pH 3,6
showed a higher yield compared to 120 min at pH 4,6. Pectin on the
extraction time of 60 minutes at pH 3.6 had the highest relative
viscosity was 186,6 cP, and the lowest viscosity of pectin obtained at
pH 2.6 and extraction time of 60 min which was 40 cP.
Key words: cocoa pod husks, ammonium oxalate, extraction time,
pH
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
51
Application of Fuzzy Logic System to Monitoring
Equilibrium Moisture Content of Pistachio Powder
During Storage
Hamid Tavakolipour*1, Mohsen Mokhtarian2
1Associated Professor, Department of Food Engineering, Sabzevar
Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar, Iran. 2PhD Candidate, Department of Food Engineering, Sabzevar
Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar, Iran.
Abstract Fuzzy logic system is a one of powerful tools in field of engineering
science especially food science. In this study in order to anticipation
the equilibrium moisture content (absorption/desorption) of pistachio
powder was used from this tool. To do in this aim, initially, the fuzzy
logic toolbox in MATLAB was used to modelling equilibrium
moisture content of pistachio powder. Air temperature and water
activity(aw) were selected as input variables and equilibrium
moisture content (absorption/desorption) were selected as output
variables. Linguistic variables were defined for both input and output
variables. Generally, 32 IF-THEN rules with AND operator was
obtained for moisture sorption isotherm of pistachio powder. The
result showed that, fuzzy model was able to predict absorption and
desorption moisture content with R2 value equal 0.9959 and 0.9869,
respectively.
Keywords:fuzzy logic, sorption isotherm, modelling, prediction,
pistachio powder
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
52
High-Productivity Ethanol Production by Modified
PVA-Immobilized Zymomonas mobilis through
Continuous Culture combining Vacuum Membrane
Pyrolysis of Palm Kernel Shell into Liquid Smoke:
Potential Application for Biopesticides in Aceh
Province
Asri Gani*1, Husni2, Akhmad Baihaqi 3, M. Faisal1
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Syiah Kuala University,
Aceh, Indonesia 2Department of Agrotechnology, Syiah Kuala University, Aceh,
Indonesia 3Department of Agribusiness, Syiah Kuala University, Aceh,
Indonesia
*Coorresponding Author: [email protected]
Abstract This paper reports results of field survey of solid residue from palm
oil industry, especially PKS and its possibility for liquid smoke
production in Aceh Province. At present, there are about 0.182
million tons of PKS available annually in Aceh and only 40-60% of
PKS has been used to generate electricity in the factory. In some
factories, PKS has not been utilized and only sold at a very cheap
price. In fact, the PKS can be converted into biopesticides for
agricultural applications. Preliminary experiment at 260oC showed
that the liquid smoke could be produced from pyrolysis of PKS.
About 30% of PKS was converted into liquid smoke, while the
remaining charcoal can be densified into briquettes at high
temperature using screw extrusion technology. With the assumption
of 10% of PKS residue are converted into liquid smoke, about 0.005
million tons of liquid smoke for biopesticides could be produced in
Aceh province. The liquid smoke contains some component such as
ketone, furan and pyran derivate, phenol and its derivate, guaiacol
and its derivate, syringol and its derivate, and alkyl aryl ether, which
can acts as biopesticides.
Key words: palm kernel shell, pyrolysis, liquid smoke, biopesticides
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
53
Numerical Simulation of A Vortex Tube and Study
the Interior Behaviour of Working Fluid
Meisam Sadi*1, Mahmood Farzaneh-Gord1, Koroush Akhlaghi2,
Hasan Eftekhari2
1Department of Mechnical Engineering, Shahrood
University,Semnan, Iran 2South Khorasan gas company, Iran
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract Vortex tube as a spot cooling device has several industrial
applications. This paper presents a study of vortex tube performance
predicted by a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model. The CFD
model is a two-dimensional (2-D) steady axisymmetric model (with
swirl) extracted from a manufactured vortex tube that utilizes the
renormalization group (RNG) k-epsilon turbulence model. CFD has
been used to understand the fluid behaviour in the vortex tube. The
objective of this paper is the demonstration of separation mechanism
by numerical solution comprehensively. Specifically, the CFD exit
temperature, velocity and pressure in different sections of the vortex
tube are studied and the discripancy of trends explained. It is
observed that as pressure is increased, thermal separation increases
significantly
Key words: vortex tube, CFD, turbulent flow, thermal separation
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
54
Agarwood Waste as A New Fluid Loss Control Agent
in Water-Based Drilling Fluid
Azlinda Azizi*1, Mohd Shahrul Nizam Ibrahim1, Ku Halim Ku
Hamid1, Arina Sauki1, Nurul Aimi Ghazali1, Tengku Amran Tengku
Mohd1
1Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Abstract
Agarwood has been used widely in various ways, including
traditional medicine and art. The usage of agarwood has grown
broader in modern times include in therapeutic medicines and
perfumery. In this paper the agarwood waste has been explored to be
used as a fluid loss control agent to control fluid loss without
affecting the drilling fluid rheological properties which are density,
pH, viscosity, yield point and gel strength. Agarwood waste was
used as an additive in the drilling fluid system due to its unique
characteristic. Rheological and filtration measurements were
performed on the formulated water-based drilling fluid. Formulations
of a base solution of fresh water, sodium hydroxide, bentonite,
barite, and xanthan gum were presented. The performance of the
agarwood waste as the fluid loss control agent was compared with
based fluid formulation and water-based drilling fluid with treating
with conventional fluid loss control agent (starch). The filtrate
volume of drilling fluid with agarwood waste was about 13 ml while
for drilling fluid with conventional fluid loss control agent, starch
gave 12 ml of filtrate volume after undergoing filtration test by using
LPLT filter press. The performance of drilling fluid with agarwood
was efficient as drilling fluid with starch.
Key words: fluid loss control agent, water-based drilling fluid,
rheological test, filtration test and agarwood.
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
55
Analysis of the Fouling Mechanism during
Ultrafiltration of Momordica charantia Juice
Rafeqah Raslan*1, Rahimah Mustafa, Nurul Nadia Azmi, Lim Ying
Pei , Shareena Fairuz Abdul Manaf.
1Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University Teknologi MARA,
Shah Alam , Malaysia
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
Ultrafiltration membrane is one of the effort that have been
attempted in concentrated juice processing. Pluronic F127 is a
potential copolymer with an appropriate hydrophilic/lipophilic
balance to be employed to produce hydrophilic membranes to reduce
membrane fouling. The fouling mechanisms such as static and
dynamic fouling during Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia, MC)
juice were examined by ultrafiltration using self-prepared
Polysulfone/Pluronic F127 blend membranes. The static and
dynamic fouling mechanisms were quantified by using the relative
permeability reduction, RPR. The dynamic fouling was identified as
the main contributor for blend membranes while the static fouling
was significant to control membrane. The MC juice components
were found to penetrate into the membrane matrix of the blend
membranes, however for control membrane the MC juice
compounds were adsorbed on the membrane surface. Since the blend
membrane is more hydrophilic, the juice components had weaker
attractive interaction with the membrane and resulting in less
adhesion on the membrane surface. Further analysis by using the
contact angle confirmed that large increase of contact angle was lead
to the fouling mechanism. More significantly, the modified
membrane exhibited lower fouling with MC juice. The outcome of
this work highlighted the improvement of the membrane efficiency
for juice clarification.
Key words: Momordica charantia juice, membrane modification,
fouling mechanisms, ultrafiltration.
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
56
Reaction Kinetics of Ca(OH)2 and SiO2 in a Stirred
Batch Reactor
Mariana*1, Farid Mulana1, Purwana Satriyo2
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Syiah Kuala
University,Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia 2Department of Agriculture Engineering, Syiah Kuala University,
Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia *Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Abstract Calcium hydroxide or Ca(OH)2 can be used to absorb gases
produced by incinerating process such as SO2, CO2, HCl. The
absorption of the gases produced by incinerating process using pure
Ca(OH)2 itselft usually is not efficient, so that the addition of SiO2
additive which is able to increase reactivity of Ca(OH)2 absorben to
absorb gases is required. Pozzolanic reaction can be also occurred
thermodynamically which is proved by reaction between Ca(OH)2
absorbent and silica dioxide (SiO2) that produces calcium silicate
hydrate (CSH). The effectiveness of absorbent depended on contact
surface area. Dependent variables used in this study are 280 gram of
water, 28 gram of solid, the ratio of Ca(OH)2 to diatomea = 3 : 1,
diatomea particle size of 350 mesh and speed of 350 rpm, whereas
independent variables are reaction times of 20, 40, 60, 80 and 120
minutes and reaction temperature of 50, 65, and 80 oC. The results of
research showed that kinetic constant values at each temperature of
50, 65, and 80 oC are 1.216, 1.81 and 1.3, respectively. On the other
hand, activation energy that obtained in this study is 2.061 kJ/mol.
Key words: additives, kinetic constant, reactivity, sorbent,
thermodynamics
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
57
Computation of Carbon Dioxide Solubility in Ionic
Liquids using Local Composition and Pitzer Models
Ali Haghtalab1*, Marziyeh Zare2
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University,
P.O. Box: 14115-143, Tehran, Iran 2Research and Technology Department, National Iranian Gas
Company, Postal Code: 15849-17171, Tehran, Iran *Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
Ionic Liquid, IL, is a suitable solvent for removal of acid gases from
flue and natural gases. Thus, knowledge of acid solubility in ILs and
its phase behavior with CO2 are necessary in gas absorptions and
the other separation processes. In this work, the (extended) Henry’s
law is used at zero pressure to correlate the solubility data of CO2 in
nine Ionic Liquids. For computation of vapor-liquid equilibria of IL-
CO2 systems, the gaseous phase is considered as nearly pure carbon
dioxide with modification of alpha function by Mathias and
Copeman, Soave-Redlich-Kwong equation of state is used for
gaseous phase. For presenting the nonideality of liquid phase the
three activity coefficient models such as Non-electrolyte Wilson
Non-Random Factor (N-Wilson-NRF), Non-Random Two Liquid
(NRTL), and Non-Random Two Liquid-Non-Random Factor
(NRTL-NRF) models are applied. Moreover, the Pitzer Virial
expansion model is used to compare their results with the local
composition models. The overall Average Absolute Deviation
(%AAD) for these models are 1.62, 1.61, 1.65 and 1.67, respectively.
The results of correlation of CO2 solubility in nine ILs are
investigated and it is shown that the three local compositions models
NRTL, NRTL-NRF and N-Wilson-NRF present almost with the
same accuracy.
Key words: Room Temperature Ionic liquids, NRTL, NRTL-NRF,
SRK EOS, Carbon Dioxide, extended Henry’s law.
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
58
Identification of Carcnogenic Volatile Organic
Compounds in New Car Cabin at Tropical Climate
Noorhazila Hamdan*1, Ku Halim Ku Hamid, Miradatul Najwa
Muhd Rodhi, and Mohibah Musa
1Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Mara
Shah Alam,45000,Malaysia
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
The presence of carcinogens volatile organic compounds
inside vehicle were identified in this paper. Carcinogens
originated from the internal parts of car cabin or from man-
made activities in the cabin could be toxic and harmful to
human. Concentration of the unhealthy VOCs in the car cabin
are considerable high especially for the new one. It was found
that the VOCs contributed mainly from polymeric parts of the
car. Nevertheless, as temperature increases, the concentration
of these VOCs also increase but decrease with time. This
paper highlighted the presence and types of VOC in a new car
at different temperatures 25oC and 65oC. Toluene, xylene,
some aromatic compounds and alkanes were identified inside
a new car. As a conclusion, automotive industries should
embark into green parts installed in car cabin in order to
ensure safety and health of the driver and passengers.
Key words: Automotive, cabin, chemical, carcinogens,
temperature
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
59
The Study of Speech Intelligibility in the Al-
MizanMosque Syiah Kuala University
Zulfian1,2*, Lindawati2, Nizarli3, Faisal Amir2
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Syiah Kuala University,
Darussalam, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia 2Acoustics Laboratory, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda
Aceh, 23111, Indonesia 3Department of Architecture Engineering, Syiah Kuala University,
Darussalam, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Abstract
Speech Intelligibility is an important factor indicating the acoustical
performance of a mosque. This paper describes the speech
intelligibility of The Al-Mizan Mosque, Syiah Kuala University. The
study was conducted by measuring Reverberation Time (RT) and
Speech Ttransmission Index (STI) within the mosque. The results
show that Reverberation Time (RT) measured is much higher than
those recommended, 0.6-1.2 second. A high Reverberation Time
(RT) causes interference in sound transmission that will seriously
affect the clearness of speech. The Speech Transmission index (STI)
measured is between 0.21 and 0.35. These values indicate that the
speech audibility and intelligibility of the mosque is poor. Some
acoustic treatments are needed to gain better acoustics performance
of the mosque.
Key words:speech intelligibility, reverberation time, speech
transmission index
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
60
Turbidity Measurement Using An Optical
Tomography System
Sallehuddin Ibrahim*, Mohd Amri Md Yunus, Mohd Taufiq Mohd
Khairi
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University Teknologi
Malaysia,Skudai, Johor 81310, Malaysia *Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
Turbidity is used to describe water quality. Turbidity can be caused
by the presence of suspended particles and organic matter such as
algae, clay and silt. The existences of chemical materials like oil and
colour ingredients also can change the turbidity level of water. The
measurement of turbidity level of water is vital to domestic water
supplies since it is related to public health and water treatment
process. Process tomography is well-known in performing direct
analysis and monitoring task in pipelines without invading the
object. This paper presents an investigation on an optical
tomography system to estimate the turbidity level in a sample of
water. The optical sensors consist of infrared light-emitting diodes
(LED) as transmitters and photodiodes as the receivers where the
projections of the sensors are designed in fan beam mode. The
system was tested using a vertical flow pipe. The Independent
Component Analysis (ICA) method was used to display the
concentration profile. Results obtained proved that the technique can
provide the concentration profile representing the turbidity level of
water.
Key words: ICA, optic, process, tomography, turbidity
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
61
The Effect of Important Parameter in Simulation of
Natural Gas flow through Underground Transmission
Pipeline
HasanEftekhari*1, Hamid Reza Rahbari2,Mahmood Farzaneh-Gord3
1National Iranian Gas Company, South Khorasan Gas Company,
Iran 2,3Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shahrood University of
Technology,Shahrood, Iran *Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
The high pressure natural gas has to be reduced to a distribution level
in the City Gate Station (CGS). The pressure of natural gas which
transmitted to Town Border Station (TBS) with an underground
transmission pipeline has to be reduced again to reach to household
level. A Natural gas underground transmission pipeline between
CGS and TBS has simulated by solving governing equations. One-
dimensional, non-isothermal, compressible viscous flow, real gas
and steady state condition have assumed in this simulation.
Temperature and pressure profiles also temperature developed length
have been calculated for various conditions. The effect of important
parameter such as: inlet pressure, inlet temperature, ambient
temperature (soil temperature), natural gas composition and gas
hydrate formation temperature have been studied on temperature and
pressure profile. Results show inlet pressure and natural gas
composition have no big effect but inlet temperature and ambient
temperature (soil temperature) have significant effect on temperature
and pressure profile as well as on temperature developed length.
Results also show natural gas with low molar mass hydrate
formation has no serious risk in pipeline. But for natural gas with a
higher molar mass, hydrate formation has a serious risk and the
natural gas temperature along pipeline may fall below the hydrate
temperature.
Key words:natural Gas, CGS-TBS, underground transmission
pipeline, temperature development.
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
62
The Effect of Delignification on Paper Properties of
Acetosolv Oil Palm Frond Fibers Pulp
Nasrullah, R.C.L.1*, Wan Rosli Wan Daud2, I. Mazlan2, Teku M.
Asnawi1,2, Adisalamun1
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Syiah Kuala University,
Banda Aceh, Indonesia 2 Division of Bioresource, Paper and Coatings Technology, School
of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800
Penang, Malaysia.
* Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Abstract
Delignification of oil palm frond fibers was conducted in a 4-liter
laboratory stationary digester to investigate its influence on the paper
properties of the unbleached acetosolv pulps. The results indicated
that the tensile and burst indices increase with increasing degree of
delignification, whereas; tear index showing an opposite effect.
Brightness also increases as a result of delignification.
Key words: Oil palm frond fibers, Acetosolv pulping, yield, tensile
index, tear index, brightness, scattering coefficient.
The 7th International Conference of Chemical Engineering on
Science and Applications
63
Synthesis and Characteristics of Modified
Thermoplastic Starch (TPS)
Rozanna Dewi*1, Harry Agusnar2, Basuki Widyosentono2, Halimah2
1Universitas Malikussaleh, 2Universitas Sumatera Utara *Corresponding author:[email protected]
Abstract
Splendor of the issue of global warming and the environmental
concern is a major issue discussed intensively in this century. One of
the important issues regarding the environment in the world-and in
Indonesia is about plastic waste. Demands of practical lifestyle and
consumptive has encouraged increasing used of plastic each year.
Thus, it is important to develop a user friendly plastic but having
competitive strength with a conventional plastic. Modified
Thermoplastic Starch (TPS) is prepared by from local resource Sago
which is available abundantly. Polyurethane prepolymer (PUP) was
synthesized and mixed reactively with TPS in intensive mixer to
prepare modified TPS. The elastic polyol soft segments in PU played
the role of impact modifier, improving the toughness of the modified
TPS as shown from the tensile and elongation test conducted.
Key words: thermoplastic starch, polyurethane prepolymer, tensile,
elongation