2014. who was the first explorer to circumnavigate the earth?
TRANSCRIPT
SEMESTER EXAM REVIEW
2014
Who was the first explorer to circumnavigate
the Earth?
Magellan
Did Charles I oppose the
Puritan movement?
Yes
What happened to
Puritan influence by the 1670s?
It decreased.
When did the Pilgrims believe you should be
thankful?
You should be thankful when
things went well.
What were military forts set
up by the Spanish to
defend missions called?
Presidios
What class were almost all of the Spanish officials
from?
The Peninsulare class.
This level of colonial society
was few and powerful.
The Gentry
Who was the first European to set foot in what is now the United
States?
Juan Ponce de Leon
Who was the first European to realize the
Americas were not Asia?
Amerigo Vespucci
How were Hudson and
Cabot similar?
Both vanished in the Americas and were
never found.
What was considered an advantage to colonists who
lived on farms?
Large families.
Where did colonial children get their toys?
They made them.
Did the Spanish pay the Native Americans to work in their gold and silver mines?
No, they enslaved them.
Which explorer named “Louisiana?”
La Salle
What rights were guaranteed by the Magna Carta?
-Trial by jury.-The king couldn’t tax the people without their permission.-It limited the king’s power.
What was England’s first PERMANENT settlement in North America?
Jamestown
What is the winter following John Smith’s departure from Jamestown called?
The Starving Time
What did a Dutch ship carry to Virginia in 1619?
20 enslaved Africans
Describe New England’sclimate.
Short warm summers and long cold winters.
Describe the South’s climate.
Warm and humid
How were Thomas Hooker and Anne Hutchinson alike?
Both disagreed with Puritan leaders and left
Massachusetts.
Which colony had no official religion?
Rhode Island
Where were Amish and Jewish settlers most welcome in the Middle Colonies?
Pennsylvania
By 1763, what were the three major Spanish settlements in Florida centered around?
Forts
What was the Dutch name for Albany?
Fort Orange
Why was the Mayflower Compact created?
To help them govern fairly.
Why did the Puritans leave England?
To escape the king’s persecution.
What was the reason England established the colony on Roanoke Island?
To provide raw materials and new
markets.
Who was King Philip?
Metacom, chief of the Wampanoag.
Which King and Queen signed the English Bill of Rights?
William and Mary
What happened when Nathaniel Bacon became sick and died?
His rebellion collapsed.
What is the difference between a proprietary colony and a royal colony?
A proprietary colony is run by an
individual or family, a royal colony is run
by the king.
What is a flat, often swampy, lowland area along the southern coast called?
The Tidewater
Who wanted a colony where English debtors would be protected?
James Oglethorpe
What Middle Colony was known as “America’s Breadbasket?”
Pennsylvania
What four states made up the Middle Colonies?
New YorkNew Jersey
PennsylvaniaDelaware
Was political freedom an important reason for founding the American colonies?
Yes
Had several European rulers split from the Catholic Church by 1530?
Yes
Who explored much of New Mexico, Arizona, and Texas while looking for a golden city?
Coronado
What state did Juan Ponce De Leon name?
Florida
How many expeditions did Columbus lead to America?
Four
Who thought he had reached the Indies when he actually landed in Cuba?
Columbus
What Scandinavian reached America before Columbus?
Leif Erickson
Which colony was originally part of Pennsylvania?
Delaware
Which colonial section’s economic system raised crops like wheat for sale throughout the colonies?
The Middle
What system played an important part in the Southern economy?
The plantation system.
What event enabled England and France to start colonies in the Americas?
The defeat of the Spanish Armada.
What French term means “runners of the woods?”
Coureurs de bois
What caused the greatest number of Native American deaths?
European diseases
What were the three ships of Columbus’s first voyage?
The Nina, the Pinta, and the Santa Maria
Who vanished when his crew mutinied in 1611?
Henry Hudson
What is a Spanish land grant that includes labor or taxes from Native Americans?
Encomienda
What is Vasco Nunez de Balboa famous for?
He was the first European to see the
Pacific Ocean.
What was Ft. Orange later named?
Albany
Whose voyage around the world helped Europeans understand the true size of the Earth?
Ferdinand Magellan
This social class had a lot of people who were ranchers, farmers, or merchants.
Creoles
What was the biggest reason Europe wanted to find a Northwest Passage?
They wanted a quicker and easier
route to the gold and riches of Asia.
What was the Northwest Passage?
An all-water route to Asia
What gave the Spanish an advantage over the Native Americans in war?
technology
What was the only group that could vote in the English colonies?
White males
What court case helped establish freedom of the press?
The Zenger case
What did the Great Awakening lead to?
A Christian revival
What did Georgia ban until the 1750s?
slavery
Who founded their colony so they could
have freedom of worship for themselves?
The Puritans
What is another name for the Pilgrims?
Separatists
What did Puritan towns with at least 50 families have to have?
A school
What happened if Puritan towns
wouldn’t have their school?
They were fined.
What did colonial schools teach that modern schools do not?
religion
What were Montesquieu’s ideas about government?
The separation of powers
What documents limited the English ruler’s powers?
The Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights.
What percent of enslaved Africans died or committed suicide on the Middle Passage?
15 to 20 %
What was the factor that led to the growth of Southern slavery?
The plantation system
Who hired private tutors to educate their children?
Southern gentry
Who published the Pennsylvania Gazette and Poor Richard’s Almanack?
Ben Franklin
What was the Christian revival that swept the colonies in the 1730s and 1740s?
The Great Awakening
Why did the king grant New
Hampshire a separate Charter?
Massachusetts tried to control it.
Did the founders of Pennsylvania believe
in religious toleration?
Yes
Why did colonial authorities write the slave codes?
To prevent slave revolts.
Who used story telling as their main way to pass on knowledge?
Native Americans and enslaved African
Americans
Under what economic system were colonies expected to make the home country wealthy and powerful?
Mercantilism
What was most difficult to do in the New England colonies?
Farming
What was the first example of representative government in North America?
Virginia House of Burgesses
What are pueblos?
Spanish civilian towns
What did Spanish Florida do to weaken the English colonies?
Escaped enslaved African-Americans were given land if
they helped defend Florida.
What did Spain come up with to protect Mexico from invasion?
The Borderlands
What happened to the government in New Jersey in 1665 and 1702?
It became a proprietary colony in
1665 and a royal colony in 1702.
What are two reasons a small number of Spanish soldiers were able to defeat large Native American armies?
Horses and technology
Which groups in colonial America were allowed to vote and which were not?
50-75% of white males could vote, women, African-
Americans and Native Americans could not.
What started the French and Indian War?
The French and British both claimed the Ohio
River Valley.
What did the Townshend Acts do?
It taxed imports into the colonies.
Why did the colonists hate the Stamp Act?
They didn’t vote for it.
What was the purpose of the Committees of Correspondence?
To let colonists know of British actions.
Who were the Sons and Daughters of Liberty?
Colonial anti-British protesters
What did the First Continental Congress demand?
They demanded a repeal of the
Intolerable Acts.
What did the Second Continental Congress do?
1. Form the Continental Army2. Name George Washington as its commander.3. Print paper money to pay for it.
What was The Blockheads?
A play that made fun of the British.
What did the Proclamation of 1763 do?
It made all colonists stay east of the
Appalachian Mountains.
Why did many of the enslaved Africans Americans side with the British?
The British offered them freedom.
Where was Ft. Necessity and who captured it?
It was near Fort Duquesne and was
captured by the French.
What is a military force made up of civilians trained as soldiers?
A militia
What is an organized campaign to refuse to buy certain products?
A boycott
Who were the citizen soldiers who fought at Lexington and Concord?
The Minutemen
Who fired the first shot of the Revolution?
No one knows.
What was the colonial plan to provide a way for the English colonies to work together called?
The Albany Plan of Union
What law said that colonial settlers had to stay east of the Appalachian Mountains?
The Proclamation of 1763
Who captured Ft. Ticonderoga during the Revolution?
Ethan Allen and the Green Mountain Boys