FINAL version

Prepared by the Division of Master Planning

Directorate of Public Works

January 2014

2013 Transportation Management Program Update

Joint Base Myer-Henderson Hall

Table of Contents INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 1

EXISTING CONDITIONS ................................................................................................. 3

Arlington, VA Portion, JBM-HH.................................................................................... 3

Recent Projects outside the Arlington VA portion of JBM-HH ................................. 4

Mass Transit ................................................................................................................ 4

FORT MCNAIR, Portion, JBM-HH ............................................................................... 7

EXISTING LAND USE ................................................................................................... 10

Arlington, VA Portion, JBM-HH.................................................................................. 10

Recent projects inside Fort Myer Portion of JBM-HH since 2005 ........................... 12

Fort McNair, Washington, D.C. Portion, JBM-HH ...................................................... 13

Recent projects inside the installation since 2005 .................................................... 14

Recent Specific Actions Implemented ...................................................................... 15

GOALS & OBJECTIVES ................................................................................................ 15

GOAL #1: Define User Missions ................................................................................. 16

Fort Myer Portion of JBM-HH ................................................................................. 16

The Henderson Hall Portion of JBM-HH ................................................................. 16

The Fort McNair portion of JBM-HH ...................................................................... 17

GOAL #2: Employee Data from the Transportation Survey ........................................ 18

SURVEY RESULTS AND ANALYSIS .................................................................. 18

JBM-HH Employee Travel Survey (electronic) ....................................................... 19

Survey Analysis ........................................................................................................ 21

GOAL #3: Updated parking plan .................................................................................. 22

PRESENT PARKING REQUIREMENTS, Fort Myer-Henderson Hall .................. 22

PRESENT PARKING PLAN, Fort Myer-Henderson Hall ...................................... 23

PRESENT PARKING REQUIREMENTS, Fort McNair ........................................ 25

PRESENT PARKING PLAN - Fort McNair ................................................................... 26

FUTURE CONDITIONS, Fort Myer-Henderson Hall ..................................................... 29

FUTURE CONDITIONS, Fort McNair ....................................................................... 29

FUTURE PARKING REQUIREMENTS - Fort Myer-Henderson Hall ...................... 30

Future Growth, Fort McNair ......................................................................................... 31

FUTURE PARKING PLAN ......................................................................................... 32

Fort Myer-Henderson Hall ........................................................................................ 32

Fort McNair .............................................................................................................. 32

GOAL #4: TMP IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY ..................................................... 32

NCPC PARKING POLICY .............................................................................................. 33

NCPC PARKING ALLOWANCES ............................................................................. 34

PARKING RATIOS - FORT MYER-HENDERSON HALL .................................. 34

PARKING RATIOS - FORT MCNAIR ................................................................... 35

CONCLUSION: ................................................................................................................ 36

APPENDIX ....................................................................................................................... 38

2013 JBM-HH Transportation Survey, Fort McNair portion of JBM-HH ................ 38

2013 JBM-HH Transportation Survey, Fort Myer-HH portions of JBM-HH .............. 39

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Joint Base Myer-Henderson Hall 2013 Transportation Management Program Update

INTRODUCTION Joint Base Myer-Henderson Hall (JBM-HH), an installation located in the Washington, D.C. Metropolitan Area and is comprised of three sites: Fort Myer, Henderson Hall, and Fort McNair. Fort Myer and Henderson Hall are contiguous sites located in Arlington, Virginia. JBM-HH serves as a major ceremonial, services, and institutional hub for the Department of Defense due to its proximity to the Pentagon, Arlington National Cemetery, and Capitol Hill. Due to Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) 2005 recommendations, Fort Myer assumed installation management responsibilities for Henderson Hall, and Fort McNair. This process was formally completed on October 30, 2010. The three sites of JBM-HH are accessed by major roadways and several Metro Stations. Currently, limited shuttle bus service operates from the L’Enfant Metro Station (D.C.) and from the Pentagon Metro Station (VA) to transport soldiers, civilians, and contractors to locations close to or within the installation. This report will examine some of the opportunities and challenges of managing transportation at JBM-HH. Fort Myer is located in eastern Arlington County, Virginia, adjacent to the Arlington National Cemetery (ANC). Covering 256 acres, the roughly crescent shaped base is bounded to the east and west by Arlington Boulevard (U.S. Route 50) and Washington Boulevard (Route 27), North 12th Street and Ft. Myer Drive/Meade Street. For additional information, refer to the website: www.army.mil/jbmhh. The importance of the installation extends back to the early nineteenth century when it served as a defensive post for the Nation’s capital. In April 1861, the land was confiscated by the government for military purposes when the Lees were unable to pay their property taxes in person. Part of the Randolph-Lee estate became Arlington National Cemetery and the remainder Fort Whipple. It became the home of the Signal Corps, and in 1887 it became the nation's cavalry showplace. The first military test flight of an aircraft was made from the Fort Myer parade ground on Sept. 9, 1908. It is currently home to the 3d U.S. Infantry Regiment (The Old Guard).

Henderson Hall is located in Arlington, VA at the southern edge of the Fort Myer portion of JBM-HH. Henderson Hall (HH) has served as the headquarters for various Marine Corps units since the Second World War. It covers 22.3 acres, shares a boundary wall with ANC, and is the nation's second-oldest military post still in use. Since 2005, management of HH has been handled jointly by JBM-HH. The missions of the units in the Headquarters Marine Corps (HQMC) include ceremonial tasks as well as a combat role in the defense of the National Capital Region. For additional information, refer to the website: http://www.jbmhh.army.mil/WEB/JBMHH/AboutJBMHH/HendersonHallHistory.html

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Fort McNair is a Post with a rich history and a high visibility mission. It is the headquarters of the Army's Military District of Washington and home of the National Defense University. It has the unique responsibility of representing the Army in our Nation’s Capital. The military reservation was established in 1791 on about 28 acres on Greenleaf Point. An arsenal first occupied the site and defenses were built in 1794. Land was purchased north of the arsenal in 1826 for the first federal penitentiary. The conspirators accused of assassinating President Abraham Lincoln were imprisoned there. The arsenal was closed in 1881. For additional information, refer to http://www.jbmhh.army.mil/WEB/JBMHH/AboutJBMHH/FortMcNairHistory.html

In 1901, with the birth of the Army War College, the post, called Washington Barracks, became the Army's center for the education and training of senior officers to lead and direct large numbers of troops. Its first classes were conducted in 1904. About 90 percent of the present buildings on the post's 100 acres (0.40 km2) were planned, built, reconstructed or remodeled by 1908. Like Washington D.C. the basic plan of the Post is very strong in creating a sense of formality and order. Fort McNair serves as a place of residence and work for many people.

MAP 1: Enlarged View of Joint Base Myer-Henderson Hall

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EXISTING CONDITIONS

Arlington, VA Portion, JBM-HH This section of the TMP identifies existing conditions on the Arlington VA portion of the installation and provides an area analysis based on the January 2013 Draft JBM-HH Real Property Master Plan and Installation Design Guide.

MAP 2: Areas of Interest at Fort Myer-Henderson Hall Portion, JBM-HH

Three entrance gates provide vehicle and pedestrian access to JBM-HH: Wright Gate, Hatfield Gate, and Henderson Hall Main Gate 1 (HH1), all of which include vehicle inspection stations. Additional gates, Henry Gate and Henderson Hall Gate 3 (HH3), facilitate part-time access for Department of Defense (DoD) card holders. Two limited access gates are also available to Arlington Cemetery for ceremonial purposes.

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Of the three main entrance gates, Hatfield Gate receives the most traffic and is accessed from ramps at Route 27 and 2nd Street. During rush hour, the Metrobus route 16Y, services Hatfield Gate which is helpful to employees who work in that vicinity.

After passing through Hatfield gate, traffic proceeds to a stop sign at McNair and Carpenter Roads, the main north-south travel route through the installation. McNair Road traffic leads past the community dining and recreation facilities to the Old Post Chapel. Two side roads lead west to Sheridan Avenue and the historic section of post: the Officer’s Club, stable buildings, administration buildings, and residential areas. Carpenter Road, which connects Hatfield gate with Southgate Road on the Henderson Hall portion of JBM-HH, follows the stone wall of ANC and serves the Cody Child Development Center (CDC), Rader Medical Clinic, the Commissary, and the Marine Corps Exchange.

Recent Projects outside the Arlington VA portion of JBM-HH

1. Route 50 Interchange at Henry Gate; 2012-13 2. Closing of FOB 2 (Navy Annex) buildings and parking lots; 2012-13

#1: The Route 50 Interchange is a Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT)

project to reconstruct the interchange and access roads to improve safety and accessibility for motorist while also improving pedestrian and bicycle facilities in the area. This work extends north from Henry gate along the installation boundary and incorporates utility improvements related to the Radnor Heights substation project.

#2: The Navy Annex/FOB 2 property was demolished in 2013, and approximately 42 acres of land has been transferred to the secretary of the Army for Arlington National Cemetery use. Arlington County and the Department of Defense may exchange equivalent acreage within the land transfer area, which will allow for the removal of Southgate Road from Columbia Pike to Henderson Hall Gate 3, provide a site for a museum that honors the history of the freedmen's village and county heritage, and also provide for the building of a new access road from Gate 3 to Columbia Pike, along the western edge of the Navy Annex/FOB2 complex.

Mass Transit Due to the location of the installation in Arlington County, there is an abundance of opportunities to increase mass transit participation by commuting personnel. Of the five Metrorail stations located in Arlington, two are relatively close to the Fort Myer portion of JBM-HH:

• Rosslyn Transit Center is the transfer point for the Orange and Blue rail lines and busses. The station is located about 3/4 mile from the public works buildings closest to Wright Gate at the north end of the installation. The Arlington Rapid Transit (ART) bus 61 route stops about ¼ mile from Wright Gate entrance. There is no shuttle bus service to the north end of the installation.

• Pentagon Transit Center is located 1 mile south of the Henderson Hall Main Gate. The DoD shuttle bus Route 9 and the Myer Flyer shuttle serve the center portion of JBM-HH during am and pm rush hours.

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The Pentagon provides valuable Transportation Information to DoD employees on a website: https://customerresources.whs.mil. This resource provides information about DoD Shuttle Buses that share the Pentagon Transit Center (PTC) with the Washington Metro Area Transit Authority (WMATA) MetroBus. Travel benefits are available to DoD employees who commute to work through the DoD WHS Mass Transportation Benefit Program that provides subsidized Metro fare to qualified employees. The travel benefits also apply for riders of Vanpools, MARC, VRE, Dillon, Keller, Eyre, MARTZ, Quick’s, Metro Access or AMTRAK. Numerous transit options are available in Arlington County. The Arlington Transit (ART) operates bus service from six Metro Stations and two Transit Centers connecting Arlington County, Fairfax County, and the City of Alexandria. Despite these transit options, most employment areas on Fort Myer are located more than 2000 feet from the installation gates. For many employees, the distance between their offices to a bus route or to a Metro station is over 5000 feet, a distance of almost one mile. Many of these routes are placed adjacent to heavy traffic. This distance, coupled with inclement weather, discourages employees who might consider walking to and from the Metrorail stations on a regular basis. Several DoD agency shuttle buses operate. The DoD Shuttle Route 9 operates at rush hour only from the Pentagon Metro station to JBM-HH. This service is relied upon by many working at JBM-HH, especially those serving at Henderson Hall and the CDC. Expansion of this existing shuttle bus service for employees and visitors would be a practical alternative to single occupancy vehicle (SOV) use, which comes at considerable expense, results in heavy traffic volumes along travel routes and traffic delays at entrance gates. Additional measures by JBM-HH to encourage usage of the shuttle service:

1. Physical Improvements: clearly mark bus stops, bus shelters, and post schedules 2. Shuttle Coordinator: improve communications and reliability 3. Extend Shuttle frequency to Pentagon Station with connection to Fort McNair 4. Henry Gate Access: allow 24/7 pedestrian and bicycle access 5. Install bicycle storage lockers and racks near shuttle stops and workplaces

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MAP 3: Transportation at Fort Myer-Henderson Hall Portion, JBM-HH

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Most streets have sidewalks and are lined with mature trees. A popular jogging trail extends along McNair Road and the boundary wall of ANC. Two fitness centers on the installation provide locker rooms with showers and changing areas.

MAP 4: Recreational Trail Map at Fort Myer-HH Portion, JBM-HH

FORT MCNAIR, Portion, JBM-HH Fort McNair is located in Southwest Washington, DC and is bordered by the Anacostia River to the south, the Washington Channel to the west, residential communities to the north and industrial areas to the east. On-post infrastructure has changed since the last TMP with a new main gate and a new educational building, Lincoln Hall. The scenic military post is a convenient meeting location for government and military leaders in the region because there are few secure facilities that offer open space and large meeting rooms within a secure perimeter. Fort McNair employee demographics have changed since the last TMP in 2005. Support operations for the post have been consolidated, and many base operations positions were moved to Fort Myer or consolidated with redundant functions already on Fort Myer. Occasionally, visits to Fort McNair are necessary for meetings or site coordination. The last company of soldiers

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moved out of Fort McNair in November 2011 reducing the number of trips to the Fort Myer. However, at NDU, the mission has increased more than surpassing the loss of soldiers and staff. Based on its location in Washington, DC, the area is serviced by Metrorail and Metrobus. On the Green Line of the Metro, the Waterfront-SEU station is about 2000 feet north of the perimeter of Fort McNair. Most major employment areas on Fort McNair are located more than 2000 feet from the pedestrian entrances. For some employees, the distance between their offices to the Metro station is over 5000 feet, a distance of almost one mile. This distance, coupled with neighborhood safety concerns and inclement weather, discourages employees who might consider walking to and from the Waterfront-SEU metro station on a regular basis. Metrobus routes 70 and 71 stops along P Street SW and 2nd Street SW, and V Street & 2nd St SW. Recent development projects in the SW area around Fort McNair have had an impact on the commuting patterns of employees and visitors to the installation, and the situation is expected to become more pronounced over the next decade. Due to the proximity to the Mall, the SW Waterfront has become a major destination for living, working and entertainment that is expected to increase in population density.

Recent projects outside the installation include:

1. Reopening of 4th Street SW with mixed-use office buildings 2. Arena Stage, The Mead Center 3. Nationals Park Baseball Stadium 4. Capitol Riverfront, mixed-use development (planned) 5. The Wharf at the SW Waterfront (planned)

Recent and planned construction projects impact employees and visitors traveling to and from Fort McNair during the morning and afternoon commutes, especially for vehicle traffic. Of these projects, the new Nationals Baseball Stadium seems to have the most impact on commuter traffic exiting Fort McNair due to the increased volume of vehicles.

#3: The Nationals Park baseball stadium: completed in March 2008 and located ½ mile to the east of Fort McNair with a capacity of 41,546 seats. It draws visitors from across the metropolitan region, at times surging onto roads during afternoon rush hour.

#5: The Wharf: a large, mixed-use, urban riverfront development project that will transform its surroundings from the 3rd Street Ceremonial gate extending about ½ mile to the north and west. Construction is due to commence in 2014 and is projected to last until 2019. It is yet to be seen what the actual impact the Wharf project will have on the roads and parking in the area, but it can be expected that construction near 4th Street and M Street to cause traffic to slow considerably. Alternate travel routes will need to be explored, and an updated revision of the TMP should be conducted as the SW Waterfront development plans have been refined.

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MAP 5: Aerial Photograph of Fort McNair Portion, JBM-HH

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The historic Ceremonial Gate, located at P Street and 3rd Avenue, provides access to Department of Defense (DoD) card holders during daylight hours. A new main gate, constructed in 2008 at 2nd St and Q Street SW, serves as the main inspection point for persons and vehicles. Fort McNair has three pedestrian access points, one at each of the two vehicle gates and one on the southeastern edge of Post. Current Metrobus stops are located near these main pedestrian entrances. However, there are no bus shelters and pedestrian safety has been an issue.

Based on its location in Washington, DC, there is an abundance of opportunities to increase mass transit participation by commuting personnel. With the reduction in base operations funding, creative yet inexpensive ideas need to be generated with these fiscal constraints in mind. In some cases, awareness of existing transit routes and transit subsidies are the critical elements in getting employees to explore different commuting alternatives. Government (USCG) Shuttle: A U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) shuttle bus runs between 5:30 am and 7 pm with enhanced service during morning and evening commuter hours between L'Enfant Plaza (7th and E Streets SW) and the former U.S. Coast Guard HQ building. This shuttle service does not drop off passengers at the Fort McNair Ceremonial Gate but continues to the USCG HQ building. The service is expected to end by February 2015.

EXISTING LAND USE

Arlington, VA Portion, JBM-HH The map below outlines the land uses at the Fort Myer and Henderson Hall portions of JBM-HH. Employees work along all areas of the installation and are not concentrated in any one area. Numerous visitors attend functions at the Officer’s Club located at the heart of the Historic Landmark district. Map 6 illustrates the concentration of land for community use at the southern half of the installation. The administration centers are located to the north and south of post, with housing for soldiers and marines in the housing and troop areas. All of the historic buildings are located in the northern half of the post.

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MAP 6: Land Use, Fort Myer-Henderson Hall Portion, JBM-HH

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Recent projects inside Fort Myer Portion of JBM-HH since 2005

MAP 7: Recent Projects at Fort Myer-Henderson Hall Portion, JBM-HH

#1 and #2: Construction of a new barracks and major renovation of a Company Operations building were completed which allowed the last remaining Company to relocate operations from the Fort McNair portion to the Fort Myer portion; opened 2011. #3: Construction of a new connector road to link Carpenter Road with Southgate road; enhances safety of commercial and personal vehicles; opened 2011. #4: Demolition of Henderson Hall barracks Building 25; the lot was returned to a grassy field; completed 2012. #5: Renovation of Henderson Hall Main Gate; new access control features include a canopy and guard house. Traffic entering the installation has two inbound inspection lanes and one outbound lane; opened 2012. #6: Construction of the Cody Child Development Center, (CDC) Phase 1 with surface parking; provides convenient short term parking lots; opened 2008. A second CDC is being considered near this site. #7: McNair Road improvement project: construction of a new connector road between the Old Post Chapel and the DPW area south of Wright gate; opened 2008.

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#8: Demolition of Tenza Terrace apartment building and parking lot; site was returned to a grassy field. This work facilitated the expansion of the vehicle inspection lanes at Hatfield gate; completed 2008.

Fort McNair, Washington, D.C. Portion, JBM-HH The map below outlines the land uses at the Fort McNair portion of JBM-HH. The north end of the installation is a Historic Landmark District. The National Defense University (NDU) facilities are located mostly along the non-historic east section of the campus.

MAP 8: Land Use, Fort McNair Portion, JBM-HH

Fort McNair serves as a major educational center for the Department of Defense. Various courses are offered for senior military and civilian leaders from the US Government and selected foreign nations. The importance of Fort McNair in our nation’s defense has taken a greater role in recent years. Most of our successful military and government leaders are trained here. NDU also includes intellectual experts in global policy who study other cultures around the world to better understand them and to determine how our country can help them.

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Map 8 outlines the land uses and design precincts on Fort McNair. Most employees on post work in Lincoln Hall (Building 64), Roosevelt Hall (Building 61), Eisenhower Hall (Building 59) and Marshall Hall (Building 62). All of these NDU facilities are located in design precincts 4 and 5 which are in the distant southern portion of Fort McNair.

Within the perimeter of Fort McNair, significant changes that have had an effect on the commuting patterns of employees and visitors, especially those attempting to park. Numerous visitors attend functions at the Fort McNair Officer’s Club, located near the tennis courts and use the recreational facilities on the grounds. Growth has occurred in the student body at NDU and the Inter-American Defense College located in the Historic Landmark district.

MAP 9: Recent Projects, Fort McNair Portion, JBM-HH

Recent projects inside the installation since 2005

#1 - Lincoln Hall: a major free-standing structure along 5th Avenue includes a large surface parking lot with spaces for 202 vehicles and 33 commuter vans; completed in 2008. #2 - 2nd Street Entrance Gate: main gate for visitors and commercial vehicles; leads to S Street extension in front of the main entrance to Lincoln Hall; completed in 2008.

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#3 - Physical Fitness Complex: includes a surface parking lot for 68 vehicles and approximately 30 street parking spaces; completed in 2008. #4 - 5th Avenue Roadway Improvements: installed curbs, widened C Street, front-in parking changed to parallel parking on west side, vegetated bioswales on island; completed in 2011. #5 - Building 62 South Plaza: new formally landscaped south yard, building 62; added walkways and benches for the international students of NDU; completed in 2011. #6 - Removal of the swimming pool on 5th Avenue and add a low-impact storm retention basin with temporary surface parking (61 spaces) for NDU students; completed in 2013. #7 – Relocation of ‘A’ Company soldiers: from building 47 to Fort Myer; 2011-12. #8 – Relocation of ‘Twilight Tatoo’: ceremonial military drill events held on mid-week evenings, open to the public; from Fort McNair to the Fort Myer portion of JBM-HH.

Recent Specific Actions Implemented

o Pedestrian entrances have been established at the main access control points: Ceremonial Gate, 2nd Street Gate, and Marina Gate

o Ridesharing parking areas have been designated: Lincoln Hall parking lot and at the 4th Avenue & E Street parking lot near the National War College

o Designated visitor parking areas marked: Lincoln Hall parking lot o Existing parking improved: clearly marked parking lines to prevent inefficient

parking and to allow for parking enforcement o Recent infrastructure upgrades made to C Street and to D Street: improved safety and

flow of traffic with recent road widening, new curbs and sidewalks o The 2nd Street Gate infrastructure improved the flow of traffic to and from the

surrounding community o Surface parking redesigned at buildings 20, 52, and 61 with designated accessible

spaces and striped ‘No Parking’ zones

GOALS & OBJECTIVES This section of the TMP defines goals and objectives of the installation. The Joint Base Myer-Henderson Hall (JBM-HH) Military Community is aware of factors that will influence commuter behavior by employees, students, and visitors. JBM-HH has established the following goals:

1) Define the various user missions and their transportation needs 2) Gather accurate employee data on commuting modes to and from JBM-HH 3) Present an updated parking plan for JBM-HH 4) Develop strategies to approach NCPC employee parking ratios 5) Improve commuting options and conditions: provide incentives to encourage

employee commuting by modes other than the single occupant vehicle (SOV): designated carpool spaces, covered bicycle parking near buildings; increase employee awareness of alternative commute modes through ridesharing, public transit, walking and/or biking; support mass transit as a resource for the agency.

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GOAL #1: Define User Missions

Fort Myer Portion of JBM-HH The 3rd U.S. Infantry Regiment (The Old Guard) is the Army's only active duty unit on call 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Their mission is to Honor the Soldier by providing ceremonial support for funeral services and guard duty at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier at Arlington National Cemetery (ANC). Two chapels located on the installation receive visitors for services every day of the year, Old Post Chapel and Memorial Chapel. Each ceremony ends with the casket vehicle departing for ANC, leaving the Soldiers and families to contemplate the sacrifice the fallen have made. With the increases in employee population, there have been increases in traffic and demand for parking spaces.

Many soldiers live on base and others live off base. Soldiers travel to the installation from their homes by personal vehicle bringing their gear with them for physical fitness training. Once on the base, their transportation needs are provided by military bus wherever they need to go. Civilians generally start work by 7 am and leave the installation by 4 pm, taking advantage of lighter traffic on the roadways. Many civilians depend on their vehicles to find lunch off post. Visitors and guests arrive at the installation at about 0830 hours and leave by 1630 hours.

• Active Duty Military Population: assigned: 2,020; attached: 5,900 • Civilian Workforce: 1,374 • Surge Ceremonial Guard: 4 funerals/day; guard arrive in buses from all services • Visitors for Funeral Services: guests arrive in cars for each ceremony; numbers vary

according to type of funeral; low: 15 vehicles; high: 400 vehicles (high level services). • Military Visitors MCX/PX: 4,961 customer/ week; average 243,935 customers per year. • Fort Myer Officer’s Club: 1 October 2011 to 30 September 2012:

o Catered Events - 72,700 customers; dining: 56,260 customers; o Swimming Pool Memberships: 40,500 customers: Memorial to Labor Day

• Military Family Members, Retirees, spouses: 112,000

The Henderson Hall Portion of JBM-HH The mission of Headquarters Marine Corps (HQMC) at Henderson Hall is to provide support for Marine Corps personnel assigned within the Washington Metropolitan Area to Headquarters Marine Corps, other Departments and Agencies of the Federal Government, Joint or Armed Service Schools and Marine Corps personnel assigned within the Washington Metropolitan Area to duty under instruction, awaiting separation, assignment or transportation, in a disciplinary status, or who are hospitalized.

The marines start their day early and arrive at Henderson Hall for physical fitness and meetings. They depend upon shuttle buses to take them to and from the Pentagon for meetings and have instituted a shuttle bus service available to DoD ID holders. Commuting options and schedules are provided to incoming marines.

• Typical Marine Population: 355 Civilian; 375 Military

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The Fort McNair portion of JBM-HH The importance of Fort McNair in our nation’s defense has taken a greater role in recent years. Fort McNair is a major educational center for the Department of Defense and most of our successful military and government leaders are trained here. Various courses are offered for senior military and civilian leaders from the US Government and selected foreign nations. The National Defense University (NDU) also includes intellectual experts in global policy who study other cultures around the world to better understand them and to determine how our country can help them.

The main users are the U.S. Army Military District of Washington (MDW), NDU, the Inter-American Defense College (IADC), and the Fort McNair Officer’s Club. The Africa Center for Strategic Studies is a tenant of NDU.

• U.S. Army Military District of Washington (MDW): Fort McNair is the nation's second-oldest military post still in use. The missions of the units in the Military District of Washington include ceremonial tasks as well as a combat role in the defense of the National Capital Region. Typical MDW Population: 300 Special Group: Inaugural Committee staff: 500-600p (July 2012-March 2013)

• National Defense University (NDU): a major tenant at Fort McNair, NDU has increased its role in the defense of our nation. The number of schools and intellectual groups that make up NDU has grown significantly in the past decade. The increases in faculty, support staff and students at NDU have exceeded previous projections. With the increases in employee population, there have been increases in traffic and demand for parking spaces. NDU Population: Faculty/Staff: 932; Students: 2035

• Inter-American Defense College (IADC): an international educational institution that has served as a premiere postgraduate Defense College for the Americas since it was established at Fort McNair in 1962. IADC Population: Faculty/Staff: 200

• Fort McNair Officer’s Club: constructed in 1903 adjacent to the General Officer

Residences, this facility is open to guests for lunch, dinner and meeting. It also includes tennis courts and picnic facilities. 2012 Officer Club Customers: Catered Events, 21,965 customers; lunch, 7,800 customers

• The Africa Center for Strategic Studies (ACSS): located at Fort McNair, the ACSS is

involved in academic and outreach programs. ACSS Population: 99

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GOAL #2: Employee Data from the Transportation Survey

A survey was recently completed that adheres to the Comprehensive Plan goals, and provides valuable information to undertake specific Transportation Management Strategies. Results from the survey indicate that more employees are choosing to consider commuting by public transportation if a reliable shuttle bus operated between the Metro stations and work center offices and classroom buildings.

SURVEY RESULTS AND ANALYSIS

An important part of a TMP involves vehicle counts at gates that gather employee inbound commuting data. A traffic study was conducted on 14 consecutive days in May and early June 2012 capturing pertinent information from users during the summer months.

TABLE 1 Traffic Survey at Entrance Gates

Location Dates Surveyed Average Weekday Access Fort Myer Hatfield Gate 5/07/12 - 5/20/12 3903 Fort Myer Wright Gate 5/07/12 - 5/20/12 1733 Henderson Hall Gate 1 5/07/12 - 5/20/12 2184 Henderson Hall Gate 3 5/07/12 - 5/20/12 2812 Fort McNair 2nd St Gate 5/28/12 - 6/10/12 1872 Fort McNair Main Gate 5/28/12 - 6/10/12 1375

Table 1 shows a snapshot of the volume of traffic flowing through the JBM-HH gates during the weekdays. Vehicle Count Report Sheets can be found in Appendix A.

About half of vehicle traffic (49%) passes through the Hatfield Gate between 0600 and 1000 hours. Some of the earliest traffic (0500-0600 hours) is headed to the Fitness Centers or parking lots where employees leave their vehicles and take a shuttle bus. The peak arrival time for employees working on post is between 0700 and 0800 hours.

The narrow range of arrival times is conducive to implementing ridesharing or shuttle bus between the installations and Rosslyn, Pentagon, and Waterfront Metro Stations. Employee departure times through the gates are fairly consistent from 1530 to 1730 hours. About the same percentage of employees depart during this period as during the peak morning arrival period.

Survey results are difficult to analyze after 1000 hours as visitors typically enter the gates for a variety of reasons and they tend to fall into two groups at Fort McNair: students attending classes at the NDU or the IADC, and guests heading to the Fort McNair Officer’s Club.

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At Fort Myer, daytime visitors include military family members driving to various service centers, and persons attending military or funeral ceremonies. After a ceremony, visitors often drive from one of the Chapels to the Fort Myer Officer’s Club for lunch before departing. Due to the presence of shopping venues, traffic can become congested during the mid-day and on Fridays. Visitors will often make multiple stops on base before leaving.

For civilian employees, a compressed work schedule minimizes trips to and from work as employees work more hours in fewer workdays. Responses indicate that only 10.5% of employees have a compressed work week schedule. Working 80 hours in 9 days was the most popular compressed work week schedule. Telecommuting is not permitted for most civilians.

JBM-HH Employee Travel Survey (electronic) An important part of a TMP involves a survey that gathers employee commuting data. A preliminary web-based survey was conducted from June 19–22, 2012 capturing pertinent information from JBM-HH users that is typical during the summer months. Despite the fact that students had departed for summer break, we still received valuable information from 362 respondents from both Fort McNair and Fort Myer sides of the installation. Data compilation can be found in Appendix B. Although participation levels were low, valuable data on employee commuting habits was gathered. Participants provided comments that were used to develop some of the proposed strategies to increase mass transit participation by employees. The raw survey data included in Appendix B is presented in an organized format in Appendix C to allow for an analysis of employee commuting behavior.

The transportation survey gathered relevant data on commuting patterns. Survey responses include the following employee commuting information for JBM-HH:

TABLE 2

JBM-HH Population Make-up from the Survey

Type of Personnel Percent Civilian Employees 73.8

Active Duty Military 15.7 Contractor 8.6

Retired Military 1.9 Total 100

Installation Percent Fort McNair 57.7 Fort Myer 27.3

Henderson Hall 14.4

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Other 0.6 Total 100

Commuting Method

(Multiple methods possible)

Percent Personally Owned Vehicle 73.2

Commuter Van/Carpool 5.5 Metrorail or VRE 16.0

Bus 8.8 Bicycle 1.4 Walk 6.9 Other 7.2

Gates Entered

Fort Myer-HH portion Average Weekday Access

June 2012 Hatfield Gate 3903 Henry Gate n/a Wright Gate 1733 Henderson Hall Gate 1 2184 Henderson Hall Gate 3 2812

Fort McNair portion

2nd Street 1872 Ceremonial 3rd Avenue 1375 Marina Pedestrian n/a

Destination (Multiple destinations possible)

Percent Ft. Myer 26.4 Henderson Hall HQ 4.7 Henderson Hall MCX 5.0 Henderson Hall Other 3.0 NDU 30.1 MDW 14.1 McNair Other 12.2 Other (could be USCG) 12.4

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Survey Analysis Most respondents (70.2%) made 3-5 trips per week to JBM-HH. An additional 23.3% made 6-10 trips. Also, 92% of respondents stayed 8 hours or more. Of those who drove their vehicles, 64.1% found parking within 5 minutes of their arrival to the installation. 10.2% found parking between 6-10 minutes. Only 3.2% took 10-15 minutes, most likely explained by their entry after 9:30 am when all of the parking spaces would have been taken.

Of the 362 respondents, 20.5% (61 persons) rode a shuttle bus from a Metro station to the installation. The remainder, 79.5% (236 persons) did not ride a shuttle bus. However, of these who currently do not ride a shuttle vehicle, 38.8% (91 persons) responded that they would consider riding a shuttle between JBM-HH and a Metro station to enhance their commute. Of those who did ride a shuttle, 27.5% are satisfied with the service and 56% are not satisfied. There are various reasons, mainly due to unpredictable schedules, long waits between shuttles, and poorly marked shuttle stops.

These figures could be skewed as several class sessions ended the week of this survey. NDU emphasizes mass transit participation and carpooling. Future surveys should be conducted after students have had a few weeks to explore commuting alternatives.

Most commuting employees live an average of 30 miles from Fort McNair. Sixty percent of survey responses indicate that employees travel these distances each morning to work and from work in the afternoon. These employees take from 45 to 90 minutes to commute to work depending on traffic. These figures indicate that these segments of the employee population should have alternative mass transit commuting options near their homes that would provide similar commuting times.

Previous survey responses indicated that employees would consider participating in carpooling on any weekday. Most reasons for not sharing a ride for commutes involve the amount of coordination and beliefs that ridesharing is inconvenient. Irregular work schedules, reluctance to depend on others or not having anyone to ride with were responses that indicate employees believe that ridesharing is inconvenient. Many employees need their vehicles for personal errands before, during or after work. For these reason, this survey concentrated on the shuttle service to a Metro station.

The top three responses that would encourage employees to commute in a carpool or vanpool were monetary savings over driving alone, helping identify ride sharing participants, and guaranteeing a ride home for emergencies and unscheduled overtime. All three of these responses involve an organizational ridesharing campaign as conducted at NDU and Henderson Hall. Due to the rising costs of gasoline, an illustration of money saved by not driving a vehicle

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to work every day could encourage more employees to try ridesharing. Subsidies can be an important part in getting people to try commuting alternatives.

Public Transportation: Survey responses indicate that 21.5% of commuters to JBM-HH use public transportation. Many responses indicate that employees want to use public transportation but view the lack of a dependable shuttle service adds extra time to the commute. Many employees believe that walking or bicycling through the surrounding area is unsafe. An employee shuttle could make public transportation more appealing to those who currently use the Metro and could convince many employees to try using the Metro.

Walk or Bike: Less than 2% of commuters walk or bike to work while over 56% of responses indicate that biking or walking to work is not a viable commuting option, especially for employees who live far from work. Safety is a major concern, especially traveling on busy roads at dawn and dusk. The option to bicycle or walk to work could be made very attractive if dedicated pedestrian and bicycle routes were built into the regional travel infrastructure leading to the installations, and showers/changing areas were available in places of work. JBM-HH is making an attempt to provide bicycle racks near office and classroom buildings and at the Fitness Centers. Biking could be encouraged as a combination with other mass transit options.

Flexible Work Schedules: Other methods in reducing vehicle trips to work include telecommuting or working compressed work schedules. There is an interest from employees in telecommuting from home. Monday and Friday were the preferred days to telecommute, but there was interest for telecommuting on other days of the week. Employees that would participate in the compressed work schedule prefer 40 hours in 4 days or 80 hours in 9 days.

GOAL #3: Updated parking plan

PRESENT PARKING REQUIREMENTS, Fort Myer-Henderson Hall

The employee population of Fort Myer is listed below. The following data was compiled from the current Army Stationing and Installation Plan (ASIP) and from Defense Enrollment Eligibility Reporting System (DEERS) enrollment figures.

TABLE 3

Current Fort Myer-Henderson Hall Planning Population

2009 2011 Total Fort Myer Admin, Faculty, Staff, Military 3,720 4,099 Off-Post Community 48,416 54,258

Table 3 shows the dramatic volume of traffic due to off-post community trips to the Fort Myer-Henderson Hall portion of JBM-HH. The off-post community depends upon support services such as administrative, athletic, educational, medical, religious, hospitality, and commercial. Additionally, a wide range of visitors travel to the installation: special guests, foreign dignitaries,

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and the public attend outdoor ceremonial events at the Summerall parade field or the indoor Conmy Hall.

PRESENT PARKING PLAN, Fort Myer-Henderson Hall Fort Myer: In the last decade, the number of parking spaces available for employees at Fort Myer has remained steady. The soldier population has grown while available parking spaces have not significantly changed; competition for on-post parking has increased. Visitors to the Officer’s Club often arrive by private vehicle and take all available parking spaces. This demand varies and can become an issue that could affect soldier morale. There is very limited space on Fort Myer for significant surface parking expansion. Soldier In-Processing: held daily on the Fort Myer portion of JBM-HH. Temporary Lodging: There is temporary lodging at Wainwright Hall operated by the Intercontinental Hotels Group. It is open 24 hours, seven days a week. It operates a shuttle van service from the Rosslyn metro station, and has a small guest parking lot.

Henderson Hall: With the demolition of the BEOQ and the closing of FOB2 (Navy Annex), the parking availability at Henderson Hall (HH) has increased significantly. A small multi-level parking structure inside the HH Gate 1 serves the MC Exchange store, which is heavily used during the daytime causing traffic delays at Gate 1. Employees and family members will typically use the HH Gate 3 for vehicles with approved identification. Traffic flow has improved with the opening of a new two lane connector road from Southgate road to Carpenter road. Inside the base, Southgate Road, the main connector road from Henderson Hall to the Fort Myer portion at Carpenter Road, serves Rader Clinic, the PX store, and the Cody Child Development Center (CDC). Within Henderson Hall, Southgate Road crosses Northeast Road that leads to building 29, the Marine Corps Administrative Center, the auditorium, chapel, fitness center, and other support buildings. Marine In-Processing: held daily on the Henderson Hall portion of JBM-HH and includes a walking tour and bus tour of the local area. Map 10 below shows the parking spaces available on post.

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MAP 10: JBM-HH Parking Lot Spaces and Identifiers

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PRESENT PARKING REQUIREMENTS, Fort McNair

The employee population of Fort McNair has increased by 22% from 3133 to 3817 since the last TMP in 2005. National Defense University (NDU) expanded role in our nation’s defense has resulted in increases in faculty and students as more courses are offered. The following data was compiled from the current Army Stationing and Installation Plan and from NDU enrollment figures.

TABLE 4

Current Fort McNair Planning Population

2005 2012 Total NDU Admin, Faculty & Staff 885 1,353 Total NDU Students 1,248 2,335 Total IADC Admin, Faculty & Staff n/a 69 Total IADC Students n/a 60 Total Educational Population 3,133 3,817

Table 4 includes figures from the Inter-American Defense College (IADC) and shows that about 55% of the population includes students who enroll in courses at Fort McNair. Many students are higher ranking officers from all branches of the US military and other nations around the world. Administrative support personnel, faculty and staff members account for the remaining 45% of employee population.

National Defense University NDU contains approximately 1 million SF of premier classroom and meeting space. The colleges turn out approximately 550 graduates per year, and conduct numerous short courses, conferences, functions and dignitary visits.

The population numbers in Table 4 do not include visitors to the Fort McNair Officer’s

Club, nor the residents of 44 housing units on Fort McNair. Most of the occupants are general officers and senior non-commissioned officers who work at other locations in the National Capital Region, but not all of the units are occupied at this time. The residents have reserved parking and work on post or commute to other locations. Residential population numbers would not dramatically increase the total Fort McNair population figures in the table. Visitors to the Officer’s Club are heaviest during the spring and fall and in December. These visitors mostly enter during the daytime or evenings and find parking along C Street and 1st and 2nd Avenues.

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MAP 11: Facility Location Map at Fort McNair

PRESENT PARKING PLAN - Fort McNair In the last decade, the number of parking spaces available for employees has remained steady. As the employee population has grown while available parking spaces haven’t significantly increased, competition for on-post parking has increased. Visitors to the Officer’s Club often arrive by private vehicle and take up the few available parking spaces. This demand is becoming an issue that could affect employee morale. There is limited space on Fort McNair for significant parking expansions.

In the summer of 2010, all available parking spaces on Fort McNair were counted and categorized to determine availability for commuting employees. Tables imbedded in the maps show the total available parking spaces and utilization rates.

Below: Fort McNair Parking Map Notes:

Commuting employees are not allowed to park in resident parking spaces. Parking Spaces for Official Vehicles includes military and official government vehicles. Parking Spaces for Visitors includes VIP parking and short term parking.

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MAP 12: Fort McNair Parking (North)

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MAP 13: Fort McNair Parking (South)

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FUTURE CONDITIONS, Fort Myer-Henderson Hall Arlington, VA is changing at a rapid pace and has incorporated principles of Smart Growth, a signature planning approach that clusters mixed-use development near transit options. Adjacent roads are being improved to include pedestrian and bike paths making it possible for residents to get around without SOV’s. Presently, heavy traffic in Arlington County limits opportunities for commuters to walk or ride bicycles to and from the Fort Myer-Henderson Hall portion of JBM-HH. The Columbia Pike Initiative should provide greater opportunities for pedestrian and bicycle commuters. Arlington County is carefully guiding development, encouraging mixed-use projects with ground-floor retail that will enliven the Pike, and working on major transportation improvements.

The centerpiece of the transportation improvements is a proposed modern streetcar line, which Arlington is developing in partnership with Fairfax County. The 4.9-mile line, stretching from the Pentagon City Metro to Skyline Plaza in Fairfax County, will connect in Pentagon City with a streetcar line under development for Crystal City that will extend to Potomac Yard. One day, Arlington’s streetcar system will become part of a regional transit network across Northern Virginia. (Source: http://www.columbiapikeva.us/revitalization-story/)

Fort Myer-Henderson Hall employment figures may increase as tenant organizations, such as the Child Development Center (CDC), further define their organizations’ functions and structures. Future infrastructure expansions would be challenging as Fort Myer has limited amounts of developable space available. Any future project will have to be carefully analyzed to ensure that the facility would respect surrounding buildings, gate capacities, and adjacent roadways.

An alternative method to maintain or increase parking without using large amounts of

area involves constructing parking garages. These structures are very costly, but efficiently use smaller amounts of area per parking space when compared to traditional parking lots. With proper planning and landscaping, a parking structure could successfully be blended in with the overall architectural themes of Fort Myer-Henderson Hall, possibly with a green space above.

FUTURE CONDITIONS, Fort McNair Southwest Washington, DC is a community that is changing at a rapid pace. The area around Fort McNair will significantly change from existing conditions. Private developers intend to construct high rise buildings that will contain residential, retail and office space in the area to the east of 2nd St SW. The developments will increase demand for on street parking. Some of the buildings will eliminate current private parking lots between 1st and 2nd St SW. As a result, fewer off post parking spots for Fort McNair employees and visitors will be available.

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A shuttle bus sponsored by the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG), and now the Navy, currently provides service from the Marina gate at 2nd street to the L’Enfant Plaza Metro station. An arrangement has been made to allow employees and students of Fort McNair to take advantage of the shuttle. This service is expected to expire in January 2015.

Present conditions with safety and security in the community limit opportunities for

employees to walk or ride bicycles to and from work. The Anacostia Waterway Initiative includes plans for a Riverwalk trail along 2nd St SW. Once complete, the Riverwalk trail will provide a link for travel between Southwest and Southeast Washington DC. This should provide greater opportunities for pedestrian and bicycle commuters.

Fort McNair employment figures may increase as tenant organizations, including NDU, further define their organizations’ functions and structures. Future infrastructure expansions would be challenging as Fort McNair has limited amounts of developable space available. Any future project will have to be carefully analyzed to ensure that the facility would respect surrounding buildings and the Fort McNair Historic District. Due to limited developable area, one could assume that buildings will be a higher priority than parking space expansion.

An alternative method to maintain or increase parking without using large amounts of

area involves constructing multi-level parking garages. These structures are very costly, but efficiently use smaller amounts of area per parking space when compared to traditional parking lots. With proper planning and landscaping, a parking structure could successfully be blended in with the overall architectural themes of Fort McNair, especially in the area east of the historic perimeter wall. Poor subsurface conditions in the area may increase the cost of a multiple level garage. Additional planning constraints for parking garages include restricting heights to respect the size and character of surrounding buildings.

FUTURE PARKING REQUIREMENTS - Fort Myer-Henderson Hall Current estimates anticipate Fort Myer-Henderson Hall employment figures remaining steady in the next 3 to 5 years. It has not been determined if funds will be available for future development, such as construction of a new U.S. Army Band building or additional barracks. It is expected that there will be a constant influx of ceremonial guard buses to support funerals. Residents and visitors to the installation are expected to remain unpredictably steady. As regional traffic becomes more time congested, it is expected that off-post military personnel will continue to try to find vehicle parking on base and walk off base to offices nearby or take a shuttle bus to the Pentagon. Visitors to musical, ceremonial, and recreational events park in lots near these facilities: the U.S. Army Band building, Summerall Field, the Chapels, and the Officer’s Club. These events are popular and travel to the installation is expected to continue at a steady rate for the foreseeable future.

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TABLE 5 Future Fort Myer-Henderson Hall Planning Population

2011 2016 Total Army Military & Students 2,166 2,416 Total Civilians & Contractors 848 1,065 Other Civilians & Contractors 1,085 1,085 Population Difference +467

Future Growth, Fort McNair Current estimates anticipate Fort McNair employment figures growing by about 300 persons in the next 3 to 5 years. Lincoln Hall provides quality office space for additional workers and alleviates overcrowding at other departments on Fort McNair. Lincoln Hall includes a state-of-the-art 600 seat auditorium that is used for seminars, presentations and speeches. The new facility contains a conference center that can support 3,000 personnel without displacing current employees to off post locations. Table 5 portrays the future anticipated population of Fort McNair with auditorium utilization and conference center utilization.

TABLE 6 Future NDU Planning Population at Fort McNair

2005 2012 Normal Population Total Administrative, Faculty & Staff Members 2,061 3,817 Total Students 1,436 2,395 Total Population 3,497 6,212 Population Change, 2005-2012 +2,715

Population Surge Requirements Lincoln Hall auditorium capacity n/a 600 Lincoln Hall conference center capacity n/a 3,000

TABLE 7 Future MDW Planning Population at Fort McNair

2011 2016 Total Army Military & Students 802 703 Total Civilians & Contractors 962 790 Other 82 82 Total Population 1,846 1,575 Population Change, 2011-2016 -271

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FUTURE PARKING PLAN

Fort Myer-Henderson Hall Challenges exist in three main areas: soldiers, civilians, and contractors, commuting to and from the installation on a daily basis, military families who rely on the support facilities, and visitors and distinguished guests attending ceremonial functions. Parking spaces are available early in the day but these quickly fill up as other functions open. The large Tri-Services parking lot is heavily used as is the smaller Officer’s Club lot. The parking lots at the Commissary and Health clinic are also heavily used. Sites for future multi-level parking structures have been identified but plans are contingent on future funding.

Fort McNair Supporting population surges for NDU conferences and presentations will be challenging while classes are in session. Future expansions in parking will not adequately address parking concerns and conflicts that might arise due to these circumstances. The only parking expansion forecasted for Fort McNair is a parking structure with 685 parking spaces. This structure will displace current parking lot that provides 326 spaces. The net gain of 349 spaces will not adequately support future expansions of facilities and surge requirements. The planned capacity of the parking structure might not be attainable. Poor subsurface soil conditions, height restrictions and utilization of other portions of the old parking lot for additional facilities will limit the size of the parking structure. Further geotechnical testing and planning is required to determine the exact number of spaces that can be provided in a parking structure. The planned capacity of 685 parking spaces could be difficult to achieve.

GOAL #4: TMP IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY The employee transportation survey results provide commuting information that can be coupled with existing mass transit programs to develop strategies to reduce single occupant vehicle trips to and from Fort McNair. There are adequate forms of mass transit available in the area surrounding Fort McNair. The federal government continues to provide incentives to employees to use mass transit or ridesharing. The Safe, Accountable, Flexible, and Efficient Transportation Equity Act of 2005 was signed by President Bush on August 10, 2005. Important provisions, from Section 6044 in Title VII: Public Transportation from this act, are listed below and can be used as components in this TMP:

Authorizes the use of a passenger carrier to transport a federal officer or employee between his or her place of employment and a mass transit facility. Requires a federal agency that provides such service to: (1) absorb the costs; (2) when possible, use alternative fuel vehicles; and (3) coordinate such transportation with other federal agencies. Directs the Secretary to study and report to Congress on tax-free transit benefits and ways to promote improved access to and increased usage of such benefits, at federal agencies in the National Capital Region, including agencies not currently offering the benefit.

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Some options would be easier to implement than others due to the unique culture at Fort McNair, Fort Myer, and Henderson Hall. The visitor population is very mixed. At Fort McNair, a large portion of employees are faculty or students. The cultural exchange between foreign students and US students provides for unique experiences that enhance the benefits of these schools. For foreign students, commuting is not a new experience, and these students could have a positive influence on the commuting behavior of the domestic student population. At Henderson Hall the Marine Corps have their own esprit de corps and mission. Fort Myer is very ceremonial based and every day brings unique demands and challenges. Encouraging higher level military officers to take mass transit or carpool could be impractical and challenging. However, if General Officers travel with a support staff and security details, mass transit may not be a practical way for them to travel. Carpooling or ridesharing may not be flexible enough for their dynamic schedules. However, many active duty military have been seen riding the Metrorail. There are factors that can be emphasized to help encourage mass transit or ridesharing. Vehicles are getting to be a costly and time consuming method of transportation to and from work as gasoline prices rise and commuting times in the National Capitol Region increase. These trends could make using mass transit more attractive and cost effective to employees. Coordination and dissemination of this type of information to employees are processes that could be improved. Employee Transit Coordinator: There are generally two or three major work centers at each portion of JBM-HH. There are also many commuting options, Metro, bus, shuttles, carpool, etc. With so many variables and destinations, it would benefit the community greatly to staff a position of Employee Transit Coordinator (ETC) to assist employees in their daily commute to JBM-HH. Responsibilities would include making sure that shuttle routes and schedules are properly posted, shuttle bus sizes are adequate, responding to commuter complaints, suggesting enhancements, and getting the word out. It is expected that this would give personnel confidence to increase their use of public transportation. Other benefits to the installation: enhance employee productivity and morale, retain civilian and military staff, welcome visitors, and reduce congestion at gates, on roads, and at parking lots.

NCPC PARKING POLICY The Federal Elements section of NCPC’s Comprehensive Plan for the National Capitol includes guidelines on federal parking policies and parking ratios. The following parking policies are listed in the Transportation Element:

1. Provide parking only for those federal employees who are unable to use other travel modes.

2. Give priority to carpool and vanpool parking over that for single-occupant vehicles. 3. Provide parking for disabled persons in accordance with federal law. 4. Provide parking for official vehicles in accordance with Federal Property Management

Regulations.

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5. Place parking in structures, preferably below ground, in the interest of efficient land use and good urban design.

6. Position parking facilities as not to obstruct pedestrian and bicycle access to buildings. 7. Consider nearby commercial parking space availability in calculating parking

requirements, assuming that employees who choose to drive can purchase parking in nearby private facilities at market rates.

NCPC PARKING ALLOWANCES NCPC’s Comprehensive Plan for the National Capital establishes goals and policies for parking ratios for federal agencies based on distances from the Central Employment Area. Fort McNair lies within the Historic District of Columbia Boundaries. The corresponding parking ratio for this area is one parking space for every four employees (1:4).

PARKING RATIOS - FORT MYER-HENDERSON HALL Tables 8 and 9 use data on employee population and available parking spaces to determine the existing parking ratios. Future parking ratios are calculated using known anticipated functions usages for post facilities.

TABLE 8 Parking Ratios Fort Myer-Henderson Hall

2007 2012 2017 Military/Civilian/Tenants 3,513 4,099 4,500 Off-base community (assume 10% visit base on typical day)

4,581 5,425 6,425

Surge Military & Visitors (estimate) 500 650 800 Total Assigned Personnel & Daily Visitors (10% of Off-Base Population)

8,594 10,174 11,725

Parking Spaces 3,800 3,800 3,800

Parking Ratio 1:2.6 1:2.7 1:3.1 It is not reasonable to assume parking ratios are uniform throughout the installation throughout the day. JBM-HH has many different users in addition to soldiers and civilian employees, all of which complicate the parking analysis.

The ratios above assume that 10% of the off-base community parks on post at any one time. Often, this is not the case, especially at funeral ceremonies, school drop-off times, and before special events and holidays. Parking spaces are concentrated at specific service center locations such as the MCX, PX, and Commissary, all of which are used mainly by the off-post community.

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Another consideration is that the employee population is spread out over the installation. At present there is no daytime shuttle linking these employment centers or service areas. Due to unpredictable events, the parking ratio can swing from 1:2 to 1:5 several times per day.

The elongated shape of the installation also presents circulation challenges. If parking is not available in the north or south lots, it is not feasible to park in the center lot and walk back to the north or south lots. Fort Myer-Henderson Hall is close to meeting the NCPC goal of a 1:4 parking ratio based on its location in Arlington County. As population grows, the parking ratio will peak to unacceptable levels above 1:4 or one parking space per 4 employees. Future employment figures and planned parking expansions maintain the parking ratio to 1:4.2 or one parking space per 4.2 employees. However, events scheduled at the installation will result in surges in visitor population during funeral ceremonies, banquets, and musical performances. There is not adequate parking on Fort Myer-Henderson Hall to support these surges. The cost of multi-level parking structures is very high and funding is not expected. Therefore, providing reliable and attractive shuttle bus service from and to the Metro stations and transit centers appears to be the most practical, least expensive and most expedient solution to relieve the vehicle congestion at JBM-HH. Additionally, to curb on-post parking of off-post vehicles, several methods include issuing vehicle identification stickers and installing parking meters.

PARKING RATIOS - FORT MCNAIR Tables 8 and 9 use data on Fort McNair employee population and available parking spaces to determine the existing parking ratios. Future parking ratios are calculated using known anticipated functions usages for Fort McNair facilities.

TABLE 9 Parking Ratios Fort McNair

Daily Count 2005 2012 2017* Educational Population 3,133 3,817 4,200 Visitors to Officer’s Club 75 94 106 Center of Military History 100 100 100 Total Population (*estimate) 3,308 4,011 4,406 Parking Spaces 1,435 1,450 1,380 Parking Ratio 1:2.3 1:2.8 1:3.2

Fort McNair surely meets the NCPC goal of a 1:4 parking ratio based on its location in the Historic District of Columbia boundaries. Currently, the parking ratio is 1:2.8 or one parking space per 2.8 employees. Future employment figures and planned parking expansions maintain the parking ratio to 1:3.2. However, there are often surges in visitor population for conferences, seminars, and special events for which parking is not available. It is expected that new off-site parking garages will be constructed nearby to provide support for the surge demand.

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CONCLUSION: JBM-HH has developed strategies that will be utilized to improve awareness and availability of mass transit and ride sharing options. The following options should improve Fort Myer and Henderson Hall parking ratios with respect to NCPC parking ratio guidelines: • Expand the Shuttle service: Plan and implement a dedicated shuttle bus service from the

Fort McNair site to the L’Enfant Metro stations and from the Fort Myer-Henderson Hall site to the Rosslyn and Pentagon Metro stations. Coordination with other nearby military installation shuttle services could be a cost effective way to improve service frequency and coverage. Ideally the shuttle frequency should increase to 10-12 minutes during the morning and afternoon commutes, and every 20-30 minutes during the day.

• Conduct a full TMP to include a traffic engineering study: include vehicle counts when classes are in session. The TMP could be a part of a master plan revision or to determine the exact requirements for a multi-level parking structure.

• Improve information flow: communicate schedules to installation employees concerning the shuttle bus, mass transit, and ride sharing:

o Appoint an Army Employee Transportation Coordinator (ETC) to coordinate actions between the WHS, the Navy Yard, and Marine Corps Barracks.

o Conduct a campaign to increase awareness of mass transit commuting options including carpooling and vanpooling and preferred parking for those vehicles.

• Identify, improve and develop mass transit interaction improvements:

o Coordinate with nearby federal agencies to implement shuttle buses that efficiently use federal funds to transport employees to and from key mass transit nodes.

o Revise Metrobus stops outside of Fort Myer Hatfield gate and Henderson Hall gate to integrate with pedestrian access at the gates.

o Coordinate with DoD National Capital Region Mass Transit Program to determine if increased tax-free transit subsidies have improved participation.

o Coordinate with key agencies to establish a water taxi station at Buzzard’s Point for travel from Alexandria that would provide easy access to Fort McNair.

o Support initiatives in planning for South Capitol Street/Potomac Avenue interchange mass transit station.

o Explore use of DoD commuter bus lines to and from the installations.

• Continue Infrastructure Improvements: Fort McNair

o Plan new shuttle bus shelters. Bus stop locations: National War College, Officer’s Club, NDU entrance, and the Ceremonial gate.

o Improve the Ceremonial and Marina gate for 24/7 pedestrian entrance o Designate ridesharing and commuter parking areas in the Historic District o Designate marked visitor parking areas around the Officer’s Club and ‘C’ Street o Identify locations to install bike racks around existing facilities and in key locations

around Fort McNair o Improve efficiency of existing parking by ensuring parking lines are clearly marked

to prevent inefficient parking practices

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o Ensure reserved spots are clearly marked for parking enforcement o Identify infrastructure improvements to the existing road network that will improve

safety and flow of traffic to and from Fort McNair o Reduce the quantity of reserved spots for employees on post

• Continue current actions including:

o Maintain reserved parking spaces for residents, visitors and official vehicles o Enforce parking violations with military police assets

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APPENDIX

2013 JBM-HH Transportation Survey, Fort McNair portion of JBM-HH The Master Planning Division of the Directorate of Public Works (DPW) developed a short survey with a series of questions to explore the perceptions, beliefs, attitudes, and needs of commuters who travel to and from Fort McNair on a daily basis. The goals of the 2013 survey are a greatly-enhanced communication platform that clarifies the commuting patterns of workers and visitors, thus preparing efficient travel networks. Your input is very important to us as we need to plan to enhance your commuting experience and provide adequate shuttle and parking facilities. Please respond to the following questions:

1. Select your primary status: a. Military (active or retired) b. Civilian c. Contractor

2. What is the typical duration of your visit to Fort McNair?

a. 0-3 hours b. 4-8 hours c. 8+ hours

3. What is the typical length of time of your commute?

a. 15-30 minutes b. 35-60 minutes c. 65-90 minutes

4. Are you currently enrolled in the WMATA Transportation Benefit Program?

a. Yes b. No

5. What is your typical method of travel to Fort McNair?

a. Commuter Van or Carpool b. Rail to L’Enfant Plaza Station c. Rail to Waterfront Station d. Personally-owned vehicle (POV) e. Bus f. Walk/Bike

6. What is your typical destination at Fort McNair?

a. National Defense University (NDU) b. Inter-American Defense College (IADC) c. Military District Washington (MDW) d. Center of Military History (CMH) e. Officer’s Club

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f. Other

7. Which entrance gate do you prefer to use? a. Ceremonial gate b. 2nd Street gate

8. What is your desired time of arrival at Fort McNair?

a. 0600-0630 b. 0630-0700 c. 0700-0730 d. 0730-0800 e. Other

9. What is your desired time of departure from Fort McNair?

a. 1500-1530 b. 1530-1600 c. 1600-1630 d. 1630-1700 e. Other

10. If you depart Fort McNair after 1700 it is due to

a. Alternate Work Schedule (AWS) b. Work out at Fitness Center c. Avoid Traffic

11. What is my main concern for NOT using public transportation?

a. Takes too much time b. Personal safety c. Schedule d. Flexibility

12. Do you currently use the Coast Guard shuttle service?

13. Would you use a shuttle bus provided by the base?

2013 JBM-HH Transportation Survey, Fort Myer-HH portions of JBM-HH Please respond to the following questions:

1. Select your primary status: a. Military (active or retired) b. Civilian c. Contractor

2. Do you have official business at Fort Myer-Henderson Hall?

a. Full time b. Part time c. Attend occasional meeting, event, or chapel service

3. What is the typical duration of your visit to Fort Myer-Henderson Hall?

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a. 0-3 hours b. 4-8 hours c. 8+ hours

4. What is the typical length of time of your commute to Fort Myer-Henderson Hall?

a. 15-30 minutes b. 35-60 minutes c. 65-90 minutes

5. What is your typical method of travel to Fort Myer-Henderson Hall?

a. Commuter Van or Carpool b. Rail to Pentagon Metro Station c. Rail to Rosslyn Metro Station d. Personally-owned vehicle (POV) e. Bus f. Walk/Bike

6. Are you currently enrolled in the WMATA Transportation Benefit Program?

7. Which entrance gate do you normally use?

a. Hatfield gate b. Wright gate c. HH Main gate

8. What is your typical destination at Fort Myer-Henderson Hall? a. Henderson Hall campus buildings b. Rader Clinic, Child Development Center, and Commissary c. Battalion HQ, CO HQ, Band Training, Housing Facilities d. Administrative Buildings, Army Community Service Centers (Buildings 201-205) e. Central Business District, Exchange Retail f. Officer’s Club and historic district g. North Post (including DPW, buildings 305-330) h. Park only, take shuttle off-site

9. What is your desired arrival time at Fort Myer-Henderson Hall?

a. 0600-0630 b. 0630-0700 c. 0700-0730 d. 0730-0800 e. Other

10. What is your desired departure time from Fort Myer-Henderson Hall?

a. 1500-1545 b. 1545-1630 c. 1630-1715 d. 1715-1800 e. 1800-1900

11. Do you currently use a shuttle service from a Metro station?

a. Rosslyn Metro b. Pentagon Metro c. Other

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12. Would you consider using a shuttle bus service between the Fort McNair portion and the Fort

Myer-Henderson Hall portion of the installation if it operated every ½ hour during rush hours? a. Yes b. No

2013 Fort McNair Public Transportation Survey

1. What is your primary status?

Answer Options Response Percent Response Count

Military 43.2% 330 Civilian 49.7% 380 Contractor 6.3% 48 Other (please specify)

0.8% 6

answered question 764 skipped question 2

2. What is the typical duration of your visit to Fort McNair

Answer Options Response Percent Response Count

0-3 hours 1.4% 11 4-8 hours 36.9% 282 8+ hours 59.9% 458 Other (please specify)

1.7% 13

answered question 764 skipped question 2

3. What is the typical length of time of your commute?

Answer Options Response Percent Response Count

15-30 minutes 20.8% 159

35-60 minutes 51.4% 393

65-90 minutes 24.2% 185

Other (please specify)

3.5% 27

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4. Are you currently enrolled in the WMATA Transportation Benefit Program?

Answer Options Response Percent Response Count

Yes 40.4% 309 No 59.6% 455

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5. What is your typical method of travel to Fort McNair?

Answer Options Response Percent Response Count

Commuter Van or Carpool

4.6% 35

Rail to L'Enfant Plaza Station

27.6% 211

Rail to Waterfront Station

8.4% 64

Personally-Owned Vehicle (POV)

42.4% 324

Metro Bus 1.6% 12 Walk/Bike 2.5% 19 Other (please specify)

13.0% 99

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6. What is your typical destination at Fort McNair?

Answer Options Response Percent Response Count

National Defense University (NDU)

70.4% 538

Inter-American Defense

7.7% 59

43

College (IADC) Military District Washington (MDW)

10.7% 82

Center of Military History (CMH)

3.4% 26

Officer's Club 0.5% 4

Other (please specify)

7.2% 55

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7. What is your desired time of arrival at Fort McNair?

Answer Options Response Percent Response Count

0600-0630 16.9% 129 0630-0700 20.9% 160 0700-0730 14.9% 114 0730-0800 32.7% 250 0830-0900 9.3% 71 Other (please specify)

5.2% 40

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8. What is your desired time of departure from Fort McNair?

Answer Options Response Percent Response Count

1500-1545 23.3% 178 1545-1630 24.3% 186 1630-1715 22.1% 169 1715-1800 29.3% 224 after 1800 0.9% 7

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9. Do you currently use the Coast Guard shuttle bus?

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Answer Options Response Percent Response Count

Yes 44.4% 339 No 55.6% 425

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10. Would you use a shuttle that operated regularly between Fort McNair, 8th & I St, Navy Yard, Pentagon, and Fort Myer-Henderson Hall and the nearby Metro stations? (Based on interest, details will be determined in a subsequent survey.) Answer Options Response Percent Response Count

Yes 47.6% 364 Yes if it stopped at L'Enfant Plaza Metro Station

12.8% 98

Yes if it stopped at Waterfront Metro Station

5.4% 41

Yes if it stopped at Pentagon Metro Station

4.7% 36

No 25.5% 195 Other (please specify)

3.9% 30

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