2013 rey ty zjut leadership workshop english-chinese

Rey Ty’s Workshop 郑文华

Leadership领导 Lǐngdǎo

Zhejiang University of Technology 浙江工业大学

Zhèjiāng gōngyè dàxué

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCollege of Engineering & Engineering Technology

Northern Illinois University

August 2, 2013Northern Illinois University

Dr. Rey Ty郑文华博士


U.S. Classroom Style 1. Activities 活

动 Huódòng2. and group

discussion 小组讨论 Xiǎozǔ tǎolùn

3. and lecture 教书


Do not worry. There are no

wrong answers.不要担心。

没有错误的答案 .


Tossing a Ball1. Form a circle.2. Say your Chinese

or U.S. name. Say anything about your U.S. experience.

3. Toss the ball to the next person.

4. Repeat.5. Debriefing . 解

说 .


Leadership1. Leadership is __________________.

领导的意思是 _________________.2. A good leader is _______________.

一个好的领袖是 _______________.3. A good leader has ______________.

一个好的领袖有 ________________.4. Debriefing.

Rey Ty 郑文华解说 .


领导的意思Definitions of Leadership

1. 活动 : the activity of leading; "his leadership inspired the team"

2. 人 : the body of people who lead a group; "the national leadership adopted his plan"

3. 状态 :the status of a leader; "they challenged his leadership of the union"

4. 能力 :the ability to lead; "he believed that leadership can be taught“

5. 过程 : the “process of social influence in which one person can enlist the aid and support of others in the accomplishment of a common task.”

Source:http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&client=gmail&rls=gm&defl=en&q=define:leadership&sa=X&ei=VZ6PTYKJNujE0QHkhLy_Cw&ved=0CCYQkAE


Definition 1. the set of characteristics that make a good leader: What the

company lacks is leadership. He lacks leadership qualities/skills.

2. the position or fact of being the leader: The group flourished under her firm leadership. R&M gained market leadership (= sold more goods than other companies) by selling products that were of superior quality.

3. the leadership: the person or people in charge of an organization: There is growing discontent with the leadership. The election for the leadership of the council will take place on Tuesday.

Source: (Definition of leadership noun from the Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary & Thesaurus © Cambridge University Press)

Leadership


Sarcasm from Urban Dictionary 讽刺

• Leadership: A broad buzzword thrown around so much by every organization everywhere that it has essentially lost all meaning. It is normally used by organizations to weed out people who don't think they have 'it'. True leadership is actually an exercise in bullshitting. The amount of bullshit a person can spew back about what leadership truly is, is the best measure of leadership.Job interviewer: Gentlemen, this job requires you to lead with huge amounts of leadership, do you believe you have the leadership necessary to lead this leading team of leaders?Job seeker 1: What the fuck are you saying?Job interviewer: Obviously you aren't a leader. Try working at Wal-mart.Job seeker 2: Well, I was born a leader, raised a leader, and will die a leader, and I will lead the way for this company. Now I will lead my mouth to your ..Job interviewer: You're hired.

Source: http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=leadership

Fèngcì


Sarcasm from Urban Dictionary 讽刺

• Leadership: A broad buzzword thrown around so much by every organization everywhere that it has essentially lost all meaning. (i.e. solution in the IT field.) So what is leadership now?

• It is nothing but a word. Mostly used by organizations to weed out people who don't think they have 'it'. This word-type of 'Leadership' is measured in how much bullshit a person can spew to back about what they think 'leadership' truly is.

• Job interviewer: Sir, this job requires you to lead with huge amounts of leadership, do you believe you have the leadership necessary to lead this leading team of leaders?

• Job seeker: What the fuck are you saying?• Job interviewer: Obviously you aren't a leader. Try working at wal-mart.• 2. College admissions: How are you a leader?• Student: Well, insted of playing sports or drinking with my buddies, my mom

signed me up for a leadership conference, two leadership classes, and bi-weekly meetings about leadership.

• College admissions: Wow, that is fantastic! You're in! Source: http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=leadership

Fèngcì


First View of Role of Leaders in History1. People’s will influence history. 人民的意愿影响历史 . Rénmín de yìyuàn

yǐngxiǎng lìshǐ. Giants make history. 伟大的人民创造历史 . Wěidà de rénmín chuàngzào lìshǐ. C. L. Sulzberger. (1969). A long row of candees, memoirs and diaries: 1934-1954. New York: McMillan Co, p. 4.

2. Great people or leaders make history. 伟大的人民和伟大的领袖创造历史 . Wěidà de rénmín hé wěidà de lǐngxiù chuàngzào lìshǐ. Thomas Carlyle. (1901). On heroes, hero-worship, & the heroic in History. London: Chapman & Hall.

3. People are shapeless & can be made into anything we want them to be.人没有形状。我们可以塑造人，无论如何，我们想要的。 Rén méiyǒu xíngzhuàng. Wǒmen kěyǐ sùzào rén, wúlùn rúhé, wǒmen xiǎng yào de. Friedrich Nietzche. (1976). Ecce homo, werke in zwei Banden, Band II. Munich, Germany: Carl Hanser Verlag, S. 464.

4. Heroes change the course of history. 英雄改变历史的进程 . Yīngxióng gǎibiàn lìshǐ de jìnchéng. Hegel, Samtliche werke, Bd., 11, s. 60.

5. If you agree, raise your right hand. Explain. 如果您同意 , 提高你的右手 . 解释。


First View of Role of Leaders in History

I agree with Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel & Friedrich Nietzsche. 我同意黑格尔与尼采的思想。 Wǒ tóngyì hēi gé ěr yǔ nícǎi de sīxiǎng.

1. People’s will influence history. 人民的意愿影响历史 . Rénmín de yìyuàn yǐngxiǎng lìshǐ. Giants make history. 伟大的人民创造历史 . Wěidà de rénmín chuàngzào lìshǐ. C. L. Sulzberger. (1969).

2. Great people or leaders make history. 伟大的人民和伟大的领袖创造历史 . Wěidà de rénmín hé wěidà de lǐngxiù chuàngzào lìshǐ. Thomas Carlyle. (1901).

3.People are shapeless & can be made into anything we want them to be.人没有形状。我们可以塑造人，无论如何，我们想要的。 Rén méiyǒu xíngzhuàng. Wǒmen kěyǐ sùzào rén, wúlùn rúhé, wǒmen xiǎng yào de. Friedrich Nietzche.

4. Heroes change the course of history. 英雄改变历史的进程 . Yīngxióng gǎibiàn lìshǐ de jìnchéng. Hegel.

5. Do you agree or disagree? Explain. 你同意或不同意？解释。


Materialist Conception of History唯物主义历史观

“According to the materialist conception of history, the ultimately determining element in history is the production and reproduction of real life. More than this, neither Marx nor I have ever asserted. Hence, if somebody twists this into saying that the economic element is the only determining one, he transforms that proposition into a meaningless, abstract, senseless phrase.” “ 根据唯物史观，历史最终决定性因素是现实生活的生产和再生产。更有什者，无论马克思或我曾经断言。因此，如果有人说，捻成经济因素是唯一的决定一本，他转变成一个毫无意义的，抽象的，毫无意义的词组的命题。” Engels 恩格斯 , Letter to J. Bloch, Sept. 21, 1890, quoted from Selsam & Martel. (1973). Reader in Marxist philosophy. 马克思主义哲学 . New York: International Publishers, p. 204.Do you agree or disagree? Explain. 你同意或不同意？解释。


Second View of Role of Leaders in HistoryEngels: “That such and such a person and precisely that person

arises at a particular time in a particular country, is of course, pure chance. But if one eliminates that person, there is a demand for a substitute, and this substitute will be found, good or bad, but in the long run, s/he will be found. That Napoleon…should have been the military dictator…was chance; but that if a Napoleon had been lacking, another would have filled the place, is proved by the fact that a person was always found as soon as s/he became necessary: Caesar, Augustus, Cromwell, etc.” “ 某某一人，此人正是在特定国家中的一个特定的时间出现，当然，纯属偶然。但是，如果一个已经解决了的人，有一个替代的需求，而这代会被发现，好还是坏，但长远来说，他会被发现。拿破仑 ... 应该是军事独裁者 ... 是机会，但如果缺少了一个拿破仑，另一个将填补的地方，是由一个人总是发现，只要他成为必要的事实证明：凯撒，奥古斯都，克伦威尔等 .“ Engels 恩格斯 Mǎkèsī hé ēngésī to W. Borguis in Breslau. London, Jan. 25, 1894. In Marx & Engels 马克思和恩格斯 , Selected Correspondence, p. 442.


Second View of Role of Leaders in History

I agree with Engels. 我同意与恩格斯的思想。 Wǒ tóngyì yǔ ēngésī de sīxiǎng.

Engels: “That such and such a person and precisely that person arises at a particular time in a particular country, is of course, pure chance. But if one eliminates that person, there is a demand for a substitute, and this substitute will be found, good or bad, but in the long run, s/he will be found. That Napoleon…should have been the military dictator…was chance; but that if a Napoleon had been lacking, another would have filled the place, is proved by the fact that a person was always found as soon as s/he became necessary: Caesar, Augustus, Cromwell, etc.” “ 某某一人，此人正是在特定国家中的一个特定的时间出现，当然，纯属偶然。但是，如果一个已经解决了的人，有一个替代的需求，而这代会被发现，好还是坏，但长远来说，他会被发现。拿破仑 ... 应该是军事独裁者 ... 是机会，但如果缺少了一个拿破仑，另一个将填补的地方，是由一个人总是发现，只要他成为必要的事实证明：凯撒，奥古斯都，克伦威尔等 .“ Engels 恩格斯 Mǎkèsī hé ēngésī to W. Borguis in Breslau. London, Jan. 25, 1894. In Marx & Engels 马克思和恩格斯 , Selected Correspondence, p. 442.


Different Theories to Study Leadership使用不同的理论来研究领导

1. Metaphysical (Non-Changing or Permanent)

形而上学Xíngérshàngxué

2. Dialectical辩证法

Biànzhèngfǎ

3. Abstract & Non-Historical

抽象并没有历史依据

4. Real Historical真实的历史

5. Idealism唯心主义

Wéixīn zhǔyì

5. Materialism唯物主义

Wéiwù zhǔyì


Two Views of Role of Leaders in History

辩证唯物主义历史唯物主义

主观唯心主义Zhǔguān wéixīn zhǔyì

辩证唯物史观 Biànzhèng wéiwù shǐ guān


Construct the Tallest Building1.建立最高的大楼。2. 2 persons work together. 两

个人一起工作。3. Use 3 minutes. 使用 3 分钟。4. Next , 4 persons. 5. Next, 6 persons.6. Plenary debriefing. 请解释。

Qǐng jiěshì


Construct the Most Creative Building

1. 建立一座大厦。2. 2 judges go out. 二志愿法官走出房间。3. 3 persons work together. 三个人一起工作 .4. Use 3 minutes. 使用 3 分钟。5. Judges come in & judge. 二志愿法官回到房间

，作出判断说谁是第一名。6. Plenary debriefing. 请解释 . Qǐng jiěshì.

比赛比赛


Names of Five 100% Great Leaders

1. Individual work: __________, ___________, __________, ____________, _____________

2. Why are they 100% great? ______________ _____________________________________

3. Work with a partner & share your answer: _____________________________________

4. Using clay, make a symbol of the one (the) best leader whom you both agree. Secret.

5. Plenary Debriefing: Share your answer with everyone. 请解释。 Qǐng jiěshì.

五位最伟大的领导 / 领袖。


Did you give names of women who are leaders?

女性领袖


Women hold half the sky!

妇女能顶半边天！Fùnǚ néng dǐng bànbiāntiān!


Is it better to be feared or loved?什么是比较好 :群众爱或怕领

袖 ? Shénme shì bǐjiào hǎo: Qúnzhòng ài

huò pà lǐngxiù?


Group 11. 群众爱领袖

Qúnzhòng ài lǐngxiùBetter if people love

their leader.

Group Discussion

Plenary Presentation

Plenary Debriefing.解说 .


Group 22. 群众怕领袖Qúnzhòng hèn

lǐngxiùBetter if people fear

their leader.Group Discussion

Plenary Presentation

Plenary Debriefing.解说 .


Raise Your Right Hand举起你的右手

Jǔ qǐ nǐ de yòushǒuGroup 1 Group 2

1. 群众爱领袖Qúnzhòng ài lǐngxiùBetter if people love their leader.

2. 群众怕领袖Qúnzhòng hèn lǐngxiùBetter if people fear their leader.

Group Discussion Group DiscussionPlenary Presentation Plenary Presentation

Plenary Debriefing. 解说 .


Different Ways to Study Leadership


If You Were An Animal, What Would You Be?

Eagle 老鹰 Lǎoyīng

Lion 狮子 Shīzi

Rabbit 白兔 Bái tù

Turtle 乌龟 Wūguī

1. Choose an animal. 2. Group discussion.3. Plenary discussion.4. Debriefing.


Ideology and Leadership意识形态与领导 Yìshí xíngtài yú lǐngdǎo

Tyrant 暴君 Bàojūn 没有变化 Conservative

Libertarian做任何你想做的事 Laissez-faire

Progressive 和工人与其他群体合作Revolutionary Grassroots Bottom Up 革命性的变化


What is the Difference between…

A Manager 经理 Jīnglǐ

& a Leader? 领导者 Lǐngdǎo zhě

1. 1.

2. 2.

3. 3.

4. 4.

5. 5.

6. 6.

7. 7.

8. 8.

9. 9.


Ideology and Managers意识形态和经理 . Yìshí xíngtài hé jīnglǐ.

保守 . Conservative.性能。 Performance.

Learning. 学习 .Liberal.自由 .

Class, gender, equality, justice. 阶级 , 性别 , 平等 , 正义 . Progressive.


Different Types of ManagersManagement Style Features

1. Exploitative 经营Jīngyíng ;剥削 Bōxuè

Management by fear 在恐惧基础的管理 Zài kǒngjù jīchǔ de guǎnlǐ.

2. Benevolent autocracy仁慈的专制

Top-down.自上而下 . Use “carrots” (not “sticks”). 奖励，而非惩罚。 Jiǎnglì, ér fēi chéngfá.

3. Consultative咨询 Zīxún

Communications up & down; 上下沟通 Shàngxià gōutōng but top decides 但是最高领导人做出决定 .

4. Participative参与 Cānyù

Individuals share ideas; but group decision making 个人分享想法，但群决策 Gèrén fēnxiǎng xiǎngfǎ, dàn qún juécè.


How Do I Solve Conflicts?Group 1:

1. I avoid dealing with my enemy.2. I avoid dealing with my problem directly.3. I prefer to withdraw.4. I don’t care about the other person.5. Avoidance & Withdrawal.



1. I have to win always.2. I am competitive.3. I am a fighter.4. I want to win always.5. I want the others to lose always.6. Competition & Fight!


How Do I Solve Conflicts?Group 3: Zebra

1. I’m ok if sometimes I win & sometimes I lose.

2. I’m ok if other people sometimes win & sometimes lose.

3. I prefer to compromise.4. I want to negotiate.5. Compromise & Negotiation.



1. I’m ok if I lose.2. I want to make other

people happy.3. I will sacrifice myself.4. I’m ok if other people

win.5. Accommodation & Self-

sacrifice! Chameleon



1. I want we both win. 2. I prefer to collaborate.3. I want both sides to solve

problems. Together. 4. I want both of us to win.5. Collaboration & Mutuality!


How Do You Solve Conflicts?你如何解决冲突？

Nǐ rúhé jiějué chōngtú?1. I avoid dealing with my enemy.2. I avoid dealing with my problem

directly.3. I prefer to withdraw.4. I don’t care about the other person.

A. I have to win always.B. I am competitive.C. I am a fighter.D. I want to win always.E. I want the others to lose always.

I. I’m ok if sometimes I win & sometimes I lose.

II. I’m ok if other people sometimes win & sometimes lose.

III. I prefer to compromise.IV. I want to negotiate.

a. I’m ok if I lose.b. I want to make other people happy.c. I will sacrifice myself.d. I’m ok if other people win.

1) I want we both win. 2) I prefer to collaborate.3) I want both sides to solve problems. Together. 4) I want both of us to win.


How Do You Solve Conflicts?你如何解决冲突？

Nǐ rúhé jiějué chōngtú?1. Lion 2. Dolphin

3. Turtle 4. Chameleon

5. Zebra


What Type of a Leader Are You?

Group 1: I doing all work excellently by

myself. 我是自己工作。我不需要任何人帮助我。



Group 2: Team Leadership

is Best. We all have to work

together. 团队领导是最好

的。



Group 3: We Should

Always Vote to Make Decisions. 投票 Tóupiào.选举 Xuǎnjǔ .



Group 4We must always consult the grassroots masses of the people who should make all the decisions. 问群众 . Wèn qúnzhòng.


What Type of a Leader Are You?Step 1: Step 1: Form Groups

Group 1 I am good doing everything by

myself.

Group 2Team Leadership is Best.团队

Group 3We Should Always Vote to Make Decisions. 投票 Tóupiào.选举

Xuǎnjǔ .

Group 4We must always consult the

grassroots masses of the people who should make all the

decisions. 问群众 Qúnzhòng.

Step 2: Group Discussion

Step 3: Plenary Discussion

Step 4: Debriefing


Some Chinese Leaders 中国领导人Years Names 领导者1949 Máo Zédōng 毛泽东1977 Dèng Xiǎopíng 邓小平1989 Jiāng Zémín CCP Gen Sec 江泽民1993 Jiāng Zémín officially replaces Yang Shangkun as president. 江泽民1998 Zhū Róngjī succeeds Li Peng as premier 朱镕基2002 Vice-President Hú Jǐntāo is named head of the ruling Communist

Party, replacing Jiāng Zémín , the outgoing president.胡锦涛

2003 National People's Congress elects Hú Jǐntāo as president. He replaces Jiāng Zémín , who steps down after 10 years in the post.

胡锦涛

2005 Former reformist leader Zhào Zǐyáng dies. 赵紫阳2007 Wēn Jiābǎo becomes the first Chinese prime minister to

address Japan's parliament. 温家宝

2013 Xi Jinping named the ceremonial President 习近平


Máo Zédōng is a great leader

because… 毛泽东是一个伟大的领导者，因为…


Dèng Xiǎopíng is a great leader

because… 邓小平是一个伟大的领导者，因为…


Jiāng Zémín is a great leader

because… 江泽民是一个伟大的领导者，因为…


Zhū Róngjī is a great leader

because… 朱镕基是一个伟大的领导者，因为…


Hú Jǐntāo is a great leader

because… 胡锦涛是一个伟大的领导者，因为…


Zhào Zǐyáng is a great leader

because… 赵紫阳是一个伟大的领导者，因为…


Wēn Jiābǎo is a great leader

because… 温家宝是一个伟大的领导者，因为…


Xíjìnpíng is a great leader

because… 习近平是一个伟大的领导者，因为…


毛泽东 Máo Zédōng

邓小平 Dèng Xiǎopíng

江泽民 Jiāng Zémín

朱镕基 Zhū Róngjī

胡锦涛 Hú Jǐntāo 赵紫阳 Zhào Zǐyáng 温家宝 Wēn Jiābǎo 习近平 Xi Jinping

Share Pair: Discuss what is so special about each Chinese leader. Plenary discussion. Debriefing.


Chinese Leaders’ Special Characteristics 中国领导人特色

Leaders 领导者 Special Characteristics 特色

1. Máo Zédōng毛泽东

2. Dèng Xiǎopíng 邓小平

3. Jiāng Zémín江泽民

4. Zhū Róngjī 朱镕基

5. Hú Jǐntāo胡锦涛

6. Zhào Zǐyáng 赵紫阳

7. Wēn Jiābǎo 温家宝


Qualities of a Great Leader一位伟大的领袖的特色

Action 行动

_________

Action 行动

_________

Action 行动

_________

Action 行动

_________


Action 行动

_________



Speech讲话

_________

Speech讲话

_________

Speech讲话

_________

Speech讲话

_________


Speech讲话

_________



Thought 想法

_________

Thought 想法

_________

Thought 想法

_________

Thought 想法

_________


Thought 想法

_________



Relations with Others 跟别人的关

系

_________


系

_________


系

_________

Relations with Others 跟别人的关系

_________


Relations with Others 跟别人的关系

_________



Action 行动

_________

Thought 想法

_________

Speech讲话

_________


系



系


Types of Leadership (James McGregor Burns)

Theory Features Example1. Great Person Theory Inborn, unexplainable, charismatic 自然2. Great Traits Theory Characteristics 伟大的特点3. Power Theory 权力 Networks of influence 影响别人4. Behaviorist Theory What leaders actually do. 行动5. Situational Theory Depends on the situation. 在特定情况下的行为 .

Authoritarian vs. democratic style

6. Contingency Theory Depends on the contingency. 在应急下的行动 . Task vs. Relationship orientation

7. Transactional Theory 关系

Rewards & punishment; Leader-follower exchange & relationship; intrinsic motivation 奖励与惩罚 Jiǎnglì yǔ chéngfá

8. Attribution Theory What followers think of the leader 人们或大众认为领袖是什么种的人 Rénmen huò dàzhòng rènwéi lǐngxiù shì shénme zhǒng de ré

9. Transformational Theory Extrinsic motivation; commitment, proactive, innovative, visionary

改变社会 ; 社会变革

10. Service Theory Serve the people. 为人民服务


I Prefer a Great-Person Leader

because… An example of a great-person leader whom I like is…

1


I Prefer a Leader with Great Traits

because… An example of a leader with great qualities whom I like is…

2


I Prefer a Powerful Leader

because… An example of a powerful leader whom I like is…

3


I Prefer a Leader for the things s/he does

because… An example of a leader whom I like for the things s/he does is…

4


I Prefer a Situational Leader

because… An example of a leader whom I like for knowing how to develop people, give relevant tasks, & promote self-motivation is…

5


I Prefer a Contingency Leader

because… An example of a leader whom I like for acting based on (1) relationships, (2) structure of the task or work to be done & (3) power position is…6


I Prefer a Transactional Leader

because… An example of a leader whom I like for giving rewards & punishment is…

7


I Prefer an Attribution Leader

because… An example of a leader whom I like based simply on what I think of her/him is…

8


I Prefer a Transformational Leader

because… An example of a leader whom I like because s/he has a vision & brings about changes is…

9


I Prefer a Service Leader

because… An example of a powerful leader whom I like who serves the people ( 为人民服务 ) is…

10


BuildCommunity

HonestBe

Just

ServeOthers

RespectOthers

LeadershipEthics

Northhouse, P. G.

互相尊重 Hùxiāng zūnzhòng

为人民服务！

公平

诚实Chéngshí

合作

道德

伦理 Lúnlǐ


Two Views of Role of Leaders in History

Subjectivist- Idealist View

主观唯心主义观点Zhǔguān wéixīn zhǔyì guāndiǎn

Dialectical Materialist View

辩证唯物主义观点

Biànzhèng wéiwù zhǔyì guāndiǎn


Tossing a Yarn Ball1. Form a circle.2. Say anything you

want to share with everyone about the whole program.

3. Toss the yarn.4. Repeat.5. Debriefing .

解说 .


Thank you!我非常感谢你们 !


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and critical analysis. • Quotations are attributed to the original authors

and sources.


Leadership领导 Lǐngdǎo

Zhejiang University of Technology 浙江工业大学

Zhèjiāng gōngyè dàxué

Department of Mechanical EngineeringCollege of Engineering & Engineering Technology

Northern Illinois University

August 2, 2013Northern Illinois University

Dr. Rey Ty郑文华博士

2013 rey ty zjut leadership workshop english-chinese

Business