2012wwk-ppt-economic, food and water security in asia towards a new framework for action by louise...

7/31/2019 2012WWK-PPT-Economic, Food and Water Security in Asia Towards a New Framework for Action by Louise Whiting

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Economic, Food and Water Security

in Asia: Towards a New Framework

Louise Whiting

Food and Agriculture Organization

28/08/2012



Outline: Ke Messa es

1. Key challenges

and

trends

•It

is

necessary

to

adopt

a

multi‐sectoral approach

2. Fundamentals

3. Policy dilemmas

w en cons er ng oo an

water security – with

4. Towards a renewed

framework for high priority.

5. Moving forward

• Explicit consideration of

policy dilemmas and

28/08/2012

.



As countries transition we want to:

• Bridge the income gap for farmers

• Achieve a high‐income or middle‐income status

for rice and other grain/staple producers

The two

meanings

of

‘managing’:

• Managing/attempting to control; or

•Coping

with/adapting

to• Up to governments to decide the acceptable cost

in achieving broader socio‐economic goals

28/08/2012

A managed

exit

or

a stressed

exit?



.

28/08/2012Source: IRRI, 2010



• Consolidation equals

increased

incomes

and

•Better

understanding

of

trade‐

offs

at

the

• Are there barriers to consolidation?

Evo ut on o

rr gat on

systems

• Develop typologies

28/08/2012



• What are

the

service

needs

of

the

farmers

of

the

future?

of irrigation

•

• In some contexts new schemes may be needed

• Anticipate future regulations; or

•

28/08/2012



1. Managing Transitions: supporting continuity or a

combination of improvements and exit strategies?

2. Informal water

economies:

to

manage

or

not

to

manage?

.

efficiency) always compatible with other strategic goals

such as

food

security,

rural

stability

and

equity?

.

5. Implementation of ideal or second‐best/Plan B options?

6. Prioritizing:

national

objectives,

local

objectives

or

basin

objectives? How do we better align goals?

7. Realistic financial arrangements and incentives for erformance?

28/08/2012



Informal water economies: to manage

or not

to

manage?

Rise o f mod ern wate rindustry; High Intermed iation;

Private-p ublic provisioning;attem pts to improve service

Partial PublicProvisioning b ut self-

Self-supply and informalmutual-help com munity

Dominant mode of

USA, Ca nad a, WesternEurope, Australia

Mexic o, Thailand ,Turkey , Eastern China

India, Pak istan,Bangladesh

Sub-Saharan AfricaExamples

75-95%35-75%5-35%<5%% of water users inthe formal sec tor

Water Industry

Informal

Informal

Human, technical,financial resourcesused by water sec tor

% of total wa ter use

self-supp ly disappe arsand m anage the resourcesupply dominatesinstitutions

provision

se -sup p e

Rural po pulation a s %of total

Cost of do mesticwate r as % of percaput income

Cost of wa ter service

Self-supply disappears;all users get served bymod ern water industry.

Organized service p roviders;self-supply d ec lines;informal institutions decline

Informal Markets; Mutualhelp and com munitymanagement institutions

Self-help; mutual he lp andfeudal institutionsdominate

InstitutionalArrangements

provision

Integrated mgt. of waterinfrastructure, serviceand resource; Resourceprotection

Infrastructure and service intowns and villages; Costreco very; Resourceprotection

Infrastructure and Waterservices, especially in Urbanareas

Infrastructure creation inWelfare Mod e

Concerns of theGovernments

28/08/2012

in significa nce

Source: Shah,

T,

2010



Informal and formal water economies:

questions for

policy

‐makers

• Where are the autonomous res onses of users in informal

economies leading us and what kinds of institutions and

strategies will

be

needed

in

the

future?

new types of institutions to more effectively deal with

sustainability issues?

• To what extent should we ‘manage’ the transition from informal

to formal water economies? Who do we manage for? The poor?

•

of future, what are some of the likely obstacles to

implementation in highly informal water economies?

28/08/2012



A Renewed Framework for Action

(to achieve

coherent,

feasible

and

effective

policies)

• Review existing objectives through a water lens taking a

multi‐sectoral approach.

• Consider solid

water

decisions

• Develop risk

management

strategies for national food

security

•

• Improve negotiation processes

• Monitor investment and

• Explicitly address

policy dilemmas and

28/08/2012

results trade‐offs



Countries in the region need to develop comprehensive risk

management strategies for national food security that

address/combine risks/options

related

to:

• production variability

• procurement and price fluctuations from international markets

• storage of grain/other food items, water, fiscal/financial assets,

•social

risks

social

safet

nets

for

vulnerable

o ulations .

• Regional and sub‐regional economic integration processes

28/08/2012

development of

national

risk

management

strategies.



Improving negotiation processes in

Thailand

28/08/2012



• Existin tools

– MASSCOTE

– AquaCrop

– CropWat

– Water investment

frameworks

– NEGOTIATE (IUCN)

• Tools under development

– ap

po cy appra sa

– Policy development framework

28/08/2012

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