2012wwk-ppt-climate change and food security role of watershed development in india by v. ratna...

7/31/2019 2012WWK-PPT-Climate Change and Food Security Role of Watershed Development in India by v. Ratna Reddy

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Climate Change

and

Food

Security:

Role of Watershed Development in India

V. Ratna Reddy

,

INDIA

28/08/2012



• Role of WSD in the Context of:

‐Rain

fed

Agriculture

o Soil & Water conservation

o Enhancing land productivity

‐Climate

Change

o Res ence u ng

o Mitigation / adaptation Strategy

‐

o Stabilising Catchments

o Sustaining irrigation systems

28/08/2012



•

‐Resilience

of

watersheds

to

the

impacts

of

‐Watershed as an instrument to build or

im rove the resilience of the de endent

systems

•WSD is et to et the reco nition in India as a

resilience building option or strategy to better

adapt to climate variability and change.

28/08/2012



• Obtain, understand and integrate the hydrogeology and

o‐p ys ca aspec s n o wa ers e eve opmen ;

• Understand climate

variability

within

a

river

basin

context

• Understanding equity and design compensation policies

conflicts at scale; and

•desi nin

a ro riate

institutional

arran ements

at

the

meso‐watershed; hydrological unit and river basin scale

for sustaining the interventions.

28/08/2012



• The ACIAR cluster of ro ects:

‐

Climate

change

and

WSD

in

River

Basin;

‐Impacts of meso‐WSD in a hydrological zone;

‐Farmers adaptation strategies to CC, and

‐Institutional

aspects

of

WSD.

• Multi‐disciplinary approach

• Formal partnership with policy makers

• ta e o er engagement

• Climate Water Forum

28/08/2012



•Village ‐1 Village ‐2

Climate

Variability• Farmers Perce tions

80

90

100

match with research

• No systematic

50

60

70

% H H

adaptation strategy by

HHs due to high 20

30

40

varia i ity in c imate0

10

Rise in

temparature

Untimely

Rains

Depletion of

groundwater

Increase in

Resistence to

28/08/2012

pests



•4

adaptation

to

CC

is

moderate3

3.5

‐ ‐

• More pressing issues

(prices, labour

2

2.5

S c a

l e

shortage)

• Macro interventions

1

1.5

WSD cou d e more

effective0

.

Awareness Adaptation

28/08/2012

eve



• Im act of WSD in terms

resilience is more

conspicuous80

90HU‐1 (Low rainfall) HU‐2 (Medium rainfall)

• Hig resi ience in

medium

rainfall

zones50

60

70

h o u s

e h o l d s

off despite reduced

water

availability20

30

40 %

o

• Benefit distribution is

iniquitous0

10

Upstream Midstream Downstream Control

Location in watershed of households resilient to two

28/08/2012

or

more

droughts



• When resilience is linked to 5Ks:

‐ household resilience is not

linked to

financial

capital

alone

(income, savings, etc). 80.00%

90.00%

Strong capitals and weak resilience Strong capitals and strong resilience

‐Human, natural and physical

capitals also play an important

role in

making

the

households

60.00%

70.00%

l d s

resilient.

‐Further analysis indicates the

relative

importance

of

these

30.00%

40.00%

.

H o u s e h

capitals in enhancing the

household resilience.

‐Efforts are on to assess the

0.00%

10.00%

.

US MS DS Control US MS DS Control

28/08/2012

substitutability between

these

capitals. HUN

1‐

Low

Rainfall Hun

2‐

Medium

Rainfall



•

WSD could

be

more

effective

in

providing

food

securit .

• Policy reorientation to consider WSD as a climate

miti ation and catchment stabilisation

intervention rather than as a rain fed technology.

•

river basin context in order to optimise the

benefits in rain fed as well as irri ated re ions.

28/08/2012



• Scale and designing of watersheds should take into

account hydrogeology, land use, and location

(upstream / downstream).

The

nature

and

density

of

n erven ons wou vary across oca ons an ence

investments.

promoted in line with the catchment management

strate ies and inte rated sectoral olicies.

• Compensation policies should address equity concerns

not onl across different stream levels but also across

28/08/2012

the river

basin.



28/08/2012



DISCUSSION / Q

&

A

28/08/2012

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