2010 asiafi: ndn applicability to automotive...
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Company Proprietary Confidential Toyota InfoTechnology Center、U.S.A., Inc. All Rights Reserved.!
2010 ASIAFI: NDN applicability to automotive scenarios.
Company Proprietary Confidential Toyota InfoTechnology Center、U.S.A., Inc. All Rights Reserved.!
Advances in recent 10 years in ICT Application for automobile
Traditionally ICT improved many aspects of vehicles including emission reduction and stability control."
In recent 10 years, contribution of ICT in vehicle technology expanded fast." Vehicle Stability Control" Radar Cruise Control" Back Monitor" Tire Pressure Monitor" On Demand Information" Shift Control based on Map"
Autonomous→Networked " Interests for Communication: V2I and V2V"
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Active Safety: Autonomous vs Cooperative
Autonomous
Cooperative
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Example: CICAS Operational Concept
On Board Equipment (OBE)
Traffic signal information
Lane 1 Status red 4 sec Lane 2 Status red 4 sec Lane 3 Status green
Warning Road Side Equipment (RSE)
Intersection Traffic Control Device
DSRC radio
Processor
GPS Map storage
Vehicle has stopped
Cooperative Intersection Collision Avoidance System
Source: CICAS
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ITS Vehicle services
Traffic management" probing, dynamic fee management, emission management"
Public transport management" transit vehicle tracking, multimodal coordination "
Traveler information" personal route guidance, provider based route guidance, dynamic rideshare"
Vehicle safety" intersection safety warning, intersection collision avoidance, automated
highway" Commercial vehicle operation"
fleet administration, freight administration, electronic clearance, weigh-in- motion"
Emergency management " stolen vehicle tracking, stolen vehicle control, emergency response, mayday
support "
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Objectives of Vehicular Networking
Maximize the positive aspects" Provide essential and useful information" Increase mobility of humans and goods" Improve driving comfort"
Minimize the negative impacts" Reduce accidents" Reduce congestion" Reduce environmental impact"
Two types of information provisioning:" Safety related information" “Infotainment” (for convenience)"
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Key Components and Requirements
Sensors" Precise Positioning" Communications"
V2V (Vehicle-to-Vehicle) communications" V2R (Vehicle-to-Roadside) communications"
Roadside communications infrastructure" V2V2R / V2R2V"
V2I (Vehicle-to-Infrastructure) communications" V2V2R / V2R2V"
In-vehicle communications" Communications among on-board devices, sensors within vehicle"
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Core Network
Access Network
Wireless Infrastructure ITS Infrastructure
V2R
V2V
Communication Types at a Glance
Automakers’ Applications
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Communication Types
V2V: " Suited for active-safety and real-time situation awareness as well as other
applications" Need to be fast, reliable, simple" Complement to V2R and V2I (wide area)" ID: VehicleID (VIN), Communication-ID (MAC) "
V2R:" Active safety and real-time situation awareness " Cost, business case"
How many RSUs are needed ? " Number of intersections with traffic signal lights (US): 250,000-300,000" Number of all intersections (US): 3 million"
ID: RSUID(?), Communication-ID(MAC or/and IP address)" V2I:"
Infrastructure technologies & investment by wireless carriers" Need to leverage its large area coverage " Need feature enhancements (set-up latency, etc) for vehicle applications" ID: NodeID(IPaddress), Communication-ID(MAC)"
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Safety Applications Convenience Applications
Connectivity Proactive
(appears always-on) On-demand / transaction
Reach Local Distant
Mode Geocast / Multicast Unicast / Multicast
Latency / Jitter Urgent / Ultra low Various
Packet delivery ratio High Various
Data size / Connection duration Small / Short Large / Various
Service delivery All neighbors/some Location-aware/wide-area
Security Required Required
Privacy Required Required
Communication Requirements
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Will be more heterogeneous than ever
Personal area/body area
Picocell Microcell Macrocell Global
Seamlessness among different media
Seamlessness within single medium
Adhoc Adhoc Adhoc Adhoc
diverse ID coverage/Scope seamless ID transparency among technology
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Lifetime of Some Wireless Technologies < Lifetime of Vehicles
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2008 2009
AM
ISDBT 12seg
FM
Analog TV
ISDBT 1seg
WiFi 802.11a/g
WiFi 802.11n
WiMAX 802.16e
CDMA2000 1x EV-DO W-CDMA (HSDPA)
LTE
DSRC 5.8GHz (JP)
2010 2011 2012 2015
DSRC 700MHz (JP)
DSRC 5.8GHz (EU) DSRC 5.9GHz (EU)
DSRC 5.9GHz (US)
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ITS Architecture by ITS America
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Fixed point to fixed point Communications
Roadway
Toll Collection
Parking Management
Commercial Vehicle Check
Vehicle
Transit Vehicle
Commercial Vehicle
Emergency Vehicle
Ded
icat
ed S
hort
Ran
ge
Com
mun
icat
ions
Vehi
cle
to V
ehic
le C
omm
unic
atio
ns
Wide Area Wireless (Mobile) Communications
Remote Traveler Support
Personal Information Access
Travelers Centers
Vehicles
Field
Traffic Management
Archived Data Management
Maintenance & Construction Management
Commercial Vehicle Administration
Toll Administration
Emergency Management
Fleet & Freight Management
Transit Management
Emissions Management
Information Service Provider
Security Monitoring
Maintenance & Construction Vehicle
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Travelers Centers
Wide Area Wireless Communications
Fixed Point to Point Communications
Vehicle Field
Vehi
cle
to V
ehic
le C
omm
unic
atio
ns
DSR
C
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Travelers Centers
Wide Area Wireless Communications
Fixed Point to Point Communications
Vehicle Field
Vehi
cle
to V
ehic
le C
omm
unic
atio
ns
DSR
C
Pede
stria
n
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Travelers Centers
Fixed Point to Point Communications
Vehicle Field
Vehi
cle
to V
ehic
le C
omm
unic
atio
ns
Ubiquitous Wireless Communications
Pede
stria
n
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C2C-C: VANETs Scenario
Page 17
From the slide “Need for E2E in Deployment of NEMO in C2C-C” draft-baldessari-c2ccc-nemo-req-00.txt
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100sec
1sec
10msec
0.1msec
1m 100m 10km 1000km
Vehicle Networks
Current Networks Internet
latency
distance
slide from Requirements for Telecommunication Services from Automobile by Prof. Tadao Saito (CTO, Toyota ITC)
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Stagnation of Telematics Services?!
PHS
XGP
Network (Internet)
GSM/GPRS/EDGE
3G/UMTS
WiMAX
LTE
DSRC/WAVE
Network Operator A
Network Operator B
Network Operator C
Various wireless access network is deployed in each region
different network conditions in different region/country
Necessity of Global Services
Necessity of Localization
Necessity of Ubiquitous access
The deployment cannot be achieved by single automobile vendor, but it requires gov involvement
Service Operator A
Service Operator B
Service Operator C
Deployment of V2V and V2R
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In-Vehicle Network (BUS)
http://eu.renesas.com/fmwk.jsp?cnt=am_lan_collaboration_child.htm&fp=/applications/automotive/automotive_segment/networking/child_folder/&title=In-Vehicle%20LAN%20and%20Coordinating%20Control
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The original IP hourglass with its “Narrow Waist”
Email Web VoIP P2P RTSP
TCP UDP ICMP
IP
Ether Sonet ATM
Fiber TCP CAT5 WiFi GSM
Principle: “IP over everything, and everything over IP”
A common, interoperable packet format forms the architecture’s “narrow waist” and is often
viewed as the single most valuable element of the Internet
design because it enables innovation
The packet paradigm is fundamental to the architecture (as opposed to circuit-switching
etc)
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Large-scale vehicular data collection through NDN
Lucas Wang
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Our goal...
Collect data from large number of vechicles, e.g. diagnosis information"
So that an automotive OEM knows better about released cars" Reacts to potential dangers ahead of time" Can provide drivers with specific help when problems
happen" Has a historical database to consult for future designs"
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Our goal...
Why NDN?" Link/Network layers independence"
The cost of all IP (V2V, V2R, V2I) vs. a new universal layer (waist), "
car lifetime vs. new protocol deployments. " Privacy "
the source info (source IP addr) is often less important." Scalability"
cache, store and forward"
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System architecture - sample scenario
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Toyota server
Internet
Toyota server
US Japan
router router
router
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Name prefix announcements
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Toyota server
Internet
Toyota server
Japan
router router
router
ccnx://toyota/diagnosis/us/ca/mountain-view
ccnx://toyota/diagnosis/us/ca/los-angeles
ccnx://toyota/diagnosis/us/ca/mountain-view/b1
ccnx://toyota/diagnosis/us/ca/mountain-view/b2
ccnx://toyota/diagnosis/jp/tokyo
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Forwarding info base(FIB)
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Toyota server
Toyota server
FIB
router
router router
router
router router router
Face0
F1 F2
F3
ccnx://toyota/diagnosis/us/ca/mountain-view face 1
ccnx://toyota/diagnosis/us/ca/los-angeles face 2
ccnx://toyota/diagnosis/jp face 3
base station 1
base station 2
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FIB on base-stations
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ccnx://toyota/diagnosis/us/ca/mountain-view/b1 broadcast
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Forwarding info base(FIB)
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Toyota server
Toyota server
router
router router
router
router router router
FIB ccnx://toyota/diagnosis/us/ca/mountain-view face 1
ccnx://toyota/diagnosis/us/ca/los-angeles face 2
ccnx://toyota/diagnosis/jp face 3
ccnx://toyota/diagnosis/us/ca
Data
Data
Car A
Car B ccnx://toyota/diagnosis/us/ca/car1234
DSRC
Data
Face0
F1 F2
F3
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IEEE VNC 2010
Paper submission date: September 15, 2010 (Firm deadline, no extensions) Notification of acceptance date: October 15, 2010 Final paper submission date: November 12, 2010 Conference: December 13-15, 2010
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References
Tadao Saito, CTO, Toyota ITC, “ITS as a new market for telecommunication in Ubiquitous ICT “ at The Fully Networked Car meeting at Geneva, Mar 2009"
Wai Chen, Chief Scientist, Telcordia Technologies, Inc. “Architecture and Technology for Adaptive Multi-hop V2V Networking in Dynamic Environments” at The Fully Networked Car meeting at Geneva,Mar 2009"
Wai Chen, and et.al, “Context-Driven Disruption Tolerant Networking for Vehicle Applications”, at The Fully Networked Car meeting at Geneva,Mar 2010"
“Traffic safety applications requirements”, " http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-karagiannis-traffic-safety-requirements-01"
“In-Vehicle Routing Requirements in Low Power and Lossy Networks”" http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-wakikawa-roll-invehicle-reqs-00" Zhenkai Zhu (UCLA), Ryuji Wakikawa (ITC), Lixia Zhang(UCLA), , ``Supporting
Mobility in the Global Internet”, ACM Workshop on Mobile Internet Through Cellular Networks (UCLA), 2009 Sep. 21."
International Conference on Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments(WAVE2008) by Onur Altintas, "Vehicular Networks in a Heterogeneous World"Dearborn, Michigan, December 2008."
Toyota ITC Home Page" http://www.toyota-itc.com/en/index.html (English)" http://www.toyota-itc.com/ch/ (Chinese)" http://www.toyota-itc.com/ (Japanese)"
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