2009 international conference on thermochemical … international conference on thermochemical...

2009 International Conference on Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Science

Gasification Panel Discussion September 16, 2009

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2009 International Conference on Thermochemical Biomass Conversion ScienceGasification Panel Discussion September 16 2009Gasification Panel Discussion September 16,2009

Andras Horvath / Carbona Inc.• Affiliation: Director of Technology in Carbona• Affiliation: Director of Technology in Carbona, • Responsible for processes, gasification and gas cleanup

Carbona Inc. background:g• Carbona is part of global Andritz Group• Part of Bioenergy Systems Business Unit of Andritz

Carbona Inc profile:Carbona Inc. profile: • BFB and CFB gasification of biomass and waste• Air and oxygen blown gasification at low and high pressure• Gas conditioning and cleanup • Related processes like fuel and ash handling, other auxiliary

processes• Applications for processes in power, pulp & paper and chemical

industries

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industries


• Carbona is partner to UPM-Kymmene in biomass to liquid d l tdevelopment

Carbona provides the Gasification Island for the BTL plantAchievements in development work:

O bl ifi ti f diff t d f l– Oxygen blown gasification of different wood fuels established and tested

– Gas cleaning process established, process, equipment and materials selected under testingand materials selected, under testing

– Equipment scale up established

• The Biomass Gasification/Gas Engine Plant in Skive /DenmarkThe Biomass Gasification/Gas Engine Plant in Skive /Denmark provides almost full-size demonstration of the BTL Gasification Island

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2009 International Conference on Thermochemical Biomass Conversion ScienceGasification Panel Discussion September 16,2009

BIOMASS TO LIQUID PROCESS:

FUEL PREPARATION(storage crushing drying etc )

BTL PLANT

GAS CONDITIONING(cooling, filtering, reforming, etc. )

BIOMASS

GAS PROCESSINGAND

CLEANUP(shift, scrubbing,

GAS TO LIQUID

SYNTHESIS

(storage, crushing, drying, etc. )

g, )etc.)

NAPTHA

SYNTHESISGAS

BIODIESEL

GASIFIER

OXYGEN

GAS PRODUCTS

STEAM GASIFICATION ISLAND

Carbona provides the Gasification Island for UPM-Kymmene BTL Plant for liquid fuel production of 100 000 t/a

STEAM GASIFICATION ISLAND

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2009 International Conference on Thermochemical Biomass Conversion ScienceGasification Panel Discussion September 16,2009p ,

GASIFICATION PLANT OF BTL

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SKIVE / DENMARKGAS

FILTERBIOMASS, 28 MWth

2 BOILERS

TO STACK

GAS

TAR REFORMERGASIFIER

SUPPORT PROJECT FOR BTL DEVELOPMENT

DISTRICT HEATING11.5 MWth

FLY ASH

GAS SCRUBBER

2x10 MWth

MWth

POWER3x2 MWe

3 GAS ENGINES

WATER

GAS BUFFERTANK

BOTTOM ASH

AIR/STEAM

GAS COOLERSBOTTOM ASH GAS COOLERS WOODPELLETS

FLARE

BFB GASIFIER

GAS BOILERS

GAS ENGINES

GAS BOILER

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F di iFor discussion:

• What is the feasible size of a BTL plant?

• Flexible cogeneration of liquid and power in a BTL plant ?

• Wh t d b d bi f bi di l d ti• Why to use wood based biomass for biodiesel production instead of simple power generation by IGCC?

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BIOMASS GASIFICATION

Bram van der DriftBram van der Drift

www.ecn.nl

STATUS

• Gasification is “hot” and gaining interest (again)Gasification is hot and gaining interest (again)• Many, many gasification concepts exist, but…• Only few successful examples concerning:

- gas cooling- gas cleaning

economics- economics• Success stories are characterized by:

- close-coupled gasification-combustion (FW, PRME, …)

- enough time and money (Vølund/Harboøre)

- scientific support (Güssing)

2 International Conference on Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Science, Chicago, 16-18 september 2009

DISCUSSION ITEMS

• Biomass gasification: coal-based technology or biomass-dedicated?

• Pressure: does chemical industry wisdom apply?• Pressure: does chemical industry wisdom apply?• Waste: real option or a political solution?


Bram van der Drift

e: [email protected] PO Box 1t: +31 224 56 4515 NL 1755 ZG Pettenw: www.ecn.nl the Netherlands

bli ti l/ bli tipublications: www.ecn.nl/publicationsfuel composition database: www.phyllis.nltar dew point calculator: www.thersites.nlIEA bioenergy/gasification: www ieatask33 orgIEA bioenergy/gasification: www.ieatask33.org Milena indirect gasifier: www.milenatechnology.comOLGA: www.olgatechnology.com / www.renewableenergy.nlSNG: www bioSNG com and www bioCNG com


SNG: www.bioSNG.com and www.bioCNG.com

A Commercial Development Perspective on Biomass Gasification

tcBiomass2009Gasification Panel Discussion

Craig BrownSept 16, 2009Chicago, IL

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What is Catchlight Energy?

50-50 Joint venture of Weyerhaeuser and ChevronCreated to commercialize large scale production of liquid transportation fuels from sustainable forest based resources

Business ModelParents will fund R&D and provide capital for conversion plants Conversion technology both internally developed and licensed from 3rd parties

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Forest to Fuel Value Chain A Viable Business Model

Feedstocks at scale

High quality fuels to customers

Weyerhaeuser

Catchlight Energy

Chevron

Conversion technology

End-to-end value chain solutionUnique in the market

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We Recognize the Obstacles

Key driving forces are outside our controlCompeting oil prices; federal incentives; policy

Proven, commercially viable, conversion processes are not readily available today

Initial focus of CLE will be R&D to discover, develop, and/or license the commercial solutions

Achieving scale production of sustainable biomass consistent with billions of gpy of LTF – i.e. tens of millions tpy of biomass

Build on Weyerhaeuser's land & forestry base, infrastructureEnergy crops in conjunction with high value timber

CLE view on biomass gasification

The opportunityMay be a good bet for early commercialization.Capable of handling diverse “forest-based” feedstocksScaleable – 1000 to 3000 tpd biomass input is possible

Some of the challengesBreaking through the demo and commercial hurdlesLimited demo and commercial experience producing syngasReducing capex and opexThe tar problemTrace contaminants - Biomass gasification’s next “Achille’s heal”?

VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND

Large-scale CFB and BFB Gasificationfrom Power & Heat to Syngas applicationsfrom Power & Heat to Syngas applications

Esa Kurkela, VTT, Finland

Air-blown CFB and BFB gasifiers in commercial use• Fuel flexible and robust gasifiers (boilers and kilns)Fuel flexible and robust gasifiers (boilers and kilns)• Gas cooling and filtration developed for biomass and waste fuels• IGCC development in 1990’s: gasification at 20 bar & hot filtration• Catalytic reforming of tars for syngas applications

Industrial development projects for syngas• NSE Biofuels together with Foster Wheeler and VTT

VTT PDU=>12 MW demo=>industrial plantUPM together with Andritz and GTI• UPM together with Andritz and GTI

GTI pilot tests, industrial plant in planning phase

New innovative technologyNew innovative technology• Present pilot/demo projects

huge investments on

Fuel-FlexibleFluidised-BedGasification-steam/oxygen-pressurised

Gas Cleaning - tar & hydrocarbon

reforming- chlorine & metalremoval & filtration

Ultra Cleanup-sulphur, NH3, HCN,

halides, etc.- conventional

processes available,

FT-dieselCH3OH

HydrogenSNG







FT-dieselCH3OH

HydrogenSNG

New innovative technology







FT-dieselCH3OH

HydrogenSNG







FT-dieselCH3OH

HydrogenSNG

New innovative technology huge investments onbiomass gasification R&D

• Success and Economics ofBTL projects in 2010-15?

pressurised removal & filtration- dirty shift

processes available,optimisation needed

clean fuelgas to fuel cells










• New technologies forpower and heat applications

•Simplified solutions

VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND

Critical R&D issues of biomass gasificationFundamental gasification R&D in 2008-2010

• Ash behaviour and fuel reactivity of different biomass feedstocks withrespect to different gasification processes (limits for real fuel flexibility)

• Removal of particulates, alkali-metals and chlorine by hot filtrationRemoval of particulates, alkali metals and chlorine by hot filtration(fundamental R&D, industrial-scale design and operation experience)

• Formation and behaviour of tars in gasifiers, gas coolers and filtration(still a long way to fundamental understanding)(still a long way to fundamental understanding)

• Removal of tars and ammonia by catalytic high-temperature systemsor by advanced wet scrubbing (industrial experiences & further R&D)

• High-quality process simulation and system analysis fordifferent gasification applications (international co-operation?)

• Robust on-line analytics from R&D labs to industrial gasification plants (rapid tar analysis developed by VTT, robust sampling lines and analysers needed)

http://www.vtt.fi/research/technology/gasification_and_gas_cleaning.jsp

Biomass Gasification

Richard Bain

TC Biomass 2009

S t 16 2009Sept. 16, 2009

NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC

Development Status: Upgrading and CHP Technologies

National Renewable Energy Laboratory Innovation for Our Energy Future

Source: IEA Bioenergy: ExCo:2009-05

Development Status: Technologies for Biofuels


Source: IEA Bioenergy: ExCo:2009-05

U.S Status

•Biopower•Commercial Projects (Nexterra Front Line)Commercial Projects (Nexterra, Front Line)•Small Scale Systems (CPC, Emery, Chiptec, other)

•Biofuels•DOE Demonstrations•DOE Demonstrations

•Range Fuels, Abengoa•Flambeau River

•DOE R&D•DOE R&D•Gas Cleanup (NREL, GTI, RTI, other)•Fuels Synthesis•Fundamentals•Fundamentals


Challenges for Biomass Gasification Community

• Premise – Base technology (gasification and 1st generation cleanup) demonstrated and1 generation cleanup) demonstrated and commercial (limited)

• Technology developments needed to• Technology developments needed to• Improve carbon utilization• Reduce capital intensity• Give competitive economics• Give competitive economics

• Long term operations of integrated systems d d t d l d t fneeded to develop data necessary for

commercial guarantees and warranties


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