Interaction Designtechnology, human behavior & trendsgy,

Francesca, 20 november 2008

What is interaction design?What is interaction design?

Interaction Design (IxD) is the discipline of defining the behavior of d d h i i hproducts and systems that a user can interact with.

The practice typically centers around complex technology systems such as software, mobile devices, and other electronic devices. H it l l t th t f d t d i However, it can also apply to other types of products and services, and even organizations themselves. Interaction design defines the behavior (the "interaction") of an artifact or system in response to its users.

“These could be in any medium (such as live events or performances, products, services, etc.) and not only digital media. I t ti i il i ti i i Interactive experiences, necessarily, require time as an organizing principle (though not exclusively) and Interactive Design is concerned with a user, customer, audience, or participant's experience flow through time. Interactivity should not be confused with f g y fanimation in which objects may move on a screen. Interactivity is concerned with being part of the action of a system or performance and not merely watching the action passively”. Nathan ShedroffNathan Shedroff

ll bUsually common objects are not interactive.

Old fashioned objects basically are mono-functional hi bl t f f t kmachines capable to perform one or few tasks.

Due to technology, today some objects are turnedinto multi-functional complex machines.

Those multifunctional machines are capable ofsomething more They have a behaviorsomething more. They have a behavior.Those multifunctional machines have an interface.

I t fInterface

Interaction

P dProduct

What changes with Interaction Design

from “product-as-object” from product as object

towards the notion of “product-as-event”

where the dynamic and interactive qualities of products and services

d t b b tt d t d i th t t f h b h ineed to be better understood in the context of human behavior.

Interaction Design explore context

& deal with complexity

any interaction requires:any interaction requires:

* a context, an interaction scene

* two or more participant in mutual relation

* a system of interfaces

IxD Schools

UMEA University, Sweden

http://www.dh.umu.se/default.asp?ml=10447

http://www.interactiondesign.se/blog/

Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA

http://www.design.cmu.edu/

http://www design cmu edu/show program phttp://www.interactiondesign.se/blog/

TU Delft, Holland

http://www.io.tudelft.nl/live/pagina.jsp?id=bb

http://www.design.cmu.edu/show_program.php?s=2&t=3

Srishti School of Design, Bangalore, India4c76e5e-3a59-4be9-a050-c847d3a5fbb2&lang=en

Media Lab, Helsinki

http://srishti.ac.in/sunoh/index.htm

IVREA Institute

http://interactionivrea org/en/index asped a ab, e s

http://mlab.taik.fi/

Royal College of Arts, England

http://interactionivrea.org/en/index.asp

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interaction_Design_Institute_Ivrea

http://www.interaction.rca.ac.uk/

Domus Academy Milano, Italy

http://projects domusacademy net/interaction

Studios Directory

http://www.core77.com/blog/education/the_interactionivrea offspring 11512 asphttp://projects.domusacademy.net/interaction

design/

Interaction Venice, Italy

nteractionivrea_offspring_11512.asp

Interaction Venicehttp://www.interaction-venice.com/index.html

Where is interaction design Where is interaction design placed with respect to other design disciplines?

Wide field for the design interventionsWide field for the design interventions

(at least) two approacheslike (two) sides of the coinlike (two) sides of the coin

Stay in between of art and engeneering,

trying to get both the inspiration:

some kind of balance between

product & communication product & communication,

material & immaterial

What are the skills of the I t ti D i ?Interaction Designer?

The skills of an interaction designer are aried the range varied; they range

from user research to consensus building & from prototyping to balancing business requirements balancing business requirements.

Interaction designers come from different backgrounds; however what's common to backgrounds; however, what s common to their education at the School of Design is a human-centered design process, which focuses on answering real which focuses on answering real human needs in the context of everyday living.

Personas turn “the users” into identifiable human beings. Saffer, 2007

Tools/ Personas

La figura dellaLa figura della“portavoce”

• Una figura dalla personalità carismatica, la “leader” del gruppo.g pp

• E’ coinvolta attivamente nelle iniziative del centro, e spesso è l’organizzatrice di attività ed eventi.

• Le altre utenti si fidano di lei e del suo parere.

Per LaMaglia è una risorsa gimportante, specialmente nella fase di lancio, perché può aiutare a vincere la diffidenzanei confronti del nuovo servizio promuovendone gliservizio, promuovendone gli aspetti positivi e trasmettendone i benefici.

Tools/ Storyboards

CARICARECARICARE

1.Accedo al sito 2.Stampa il codice 3.Lo posiziono 4.Lo fotografo 5.Invio il contributo

VISUALIZZARE

Trovo un Codice Lo fotografo Accedo al Menù, scelgo visualizza

1. Rikiya pensa di voler fare la miso soup.

2. Non sa dove andare a comprare le alghe necessarie perche’ non conosce negozi di

3. Manda una domanda ad Agora’, nella stanza giapponese, dove chiede aiuto riguardo ad unconosce negozi di

alimentari tipici giapponesi.aiuto riguardo ad un negozio vicino al suo ufficio dove potrebbe essere reperibile l’alga.

4. Masako riceve una chiamata sul cellulare.

5. Dopo aver parlato al telefono con un collega va a consultare la

pagina giapponese su Agora’.

6. Letta la domanda di Rikiya, pensa ad un possibile negozio.

7. Pubblica un commento al messaggio di Rikiya sul portale di Agora’ come risposta alla domanda.

Tools/ Flowcharts

A flowchart is a schematic A flowchart is a schematic representation of a process, or the step-by-step solution of a problem using suitably of a problem, using suitably annotated geometric figures connected by flow lines for the purpose of designing or the purpose of designing or documenting a process or program (Wikipedia)

Tools/ System MapTh h i h i The system map shows in a schematic

manner an overall view on the context,

the users, the stakeholders and the way

1. Organizzazione mostra iniziale2 Si ll t

3B. Si reca allo sportello dell’ecomuseo

8. Creazione codici finali

they interact with the system.

FiguraEcomuseo

. O ga a o e os a a e

Mostra

2. Si reca alla mostra

Codici finali

codici finali

7. Organizzazione mostra finale

3A. Stampa lo sticker 4B. Stampa lo sticker

5B. Carica i contributi4A. Carica i contributi

Sito webcomunità di Opera

5A archiviazione

contributi

6B archiviazione contributi

Database

+centro polifunzionale

3C. Fotografa sticker

4C. Visualizza i contributi

Rileva la Rileva la i i

TELECOM COMUNE PROVINCIA

FornituraPagamento Comunicazion Fondi di 6c. Inizia una

posizione posizione

ANTENNA GSM

WA

RE

Fornitura rete e traffico

Pagamento pacchetti di traffico

Comunicazione alla città

Fondi di supporto

5c. Visualizza le posizioni

conversazione

SO

FTW

ON

NA

5b. Contatta un utente

6b. Scrive un EL C

EN

TRO

DO

CENTRO DONNA

5a 6a Il SW cerca

6b. Scrive un messaggio

7b. risposta

CO

MU

NIT

A’ D

E

1. Iscrizione al servizio2. Consegna del Java

5a. Inserisce una parola chiave

6a. Il SW cerca tra i profili

7a. risultato

C

3. Compilazione profilo4. Feedback e istruzioni d’ sod’uso

incontro

These different tools and methods refers to

two main design task:two main design task:

1- Study of the interaction (communication)

P f d di d i f i iProcess of understanding and setting of interactions system

2- Project of interaction (products)

Process of practical creation of interaction artifacts

If we stand in product design, we are interested in prototyping

And deal with complexity of the machine

If we stand in communication design fields,

we start to think to user interfaces

A d d l ith l it f i f tiAnd deal with complexity of informations

IxD process keypoints:IxD phases

Approach:1. analyze the contextSwitch interest from technology to usersUsers, instruments, physical spaces,

features, task, goals, constrains, workflows etc.

Method:Multi-disciplinarity

2. conceive the systemInformation architecture, system components and configurations,

Organization: Team working

p g ,modules, workflows, tasks etc.

3. design the touchpointsTh i t f b t th t / Team working

Aim:

The interfaces between the parts / users of the system

4. build prototypeIn order to deal with diversity and complexity

4. build prototypeSimulations, paper mockups, maquette, fully functional prototypeetc.

Cases and tipsCases and tips

Vodafone future vision(scenario building & trends)

http://www vodafone com/flash/future/application/index htmlhttp://www.vodafone.com/flash/future/application/index.html

http://www.vodafone.com/start/innovation/future_vision0.html

http://www.cs.nyu.edu/~jhan/p // y / j /

3 Main trends:

Interaction for House & Living(see document IxD_houseliving.pdf “Sense & Simplicity” project)

Trend of OpensourceArduino project http://www.arduino.cc/

Arduino is an open-source electronics prototyping platform based on flexible, easy-to-use hardware and software. It's intended for anyone interested in creating interactive objects or environments. Arduino can sense the environment by receiving input from a variety of sensors and can affect its surroundings by controlling lights, motors, and other actuators. The g y g g , ,microcontroller on the board is programmed using the Arduino programming language (based on Wiring) and the Arduino development environment (based on Processing). Arduino projects can be stand-alone or they can communicate with software on running on a computer (e.g. Flash, Processing, MaxMSP).

Trend of Mobile MCTT h j t htt // fi ld / b tTouch project http://www.nearfield.org/aboutNear Field Communication (NFC)

Chi 2009 conference Boston (early 2009)call for papers is opencall for papers is open

http://www.chi2009.org/Authors/

“Design and the elastic mind” MOMA New YorkInteraction design exhibition

http://www.moma.org/exhibitions/2008/elasticmind/

Essential reference

Interaction Design Associationhttp://www.ixda.org/topics.php?topic=methods || http://www.ixda.org/http://www.ixda.org/topics.php?topic methods || http://www.ixda.org/

Blogs & Newshttp://www.leeander.com | http://mentegrafica.it/blog/ | http://idearium.org/p // | p // g / g/ | p // g/

http://www.odannyboy.com/ | http://www.digicult.it/en/category.asp?cat=Interaction+Design

http://www.odannyboy.com/blog/archives/001000.html || http://www.interaction-design.org

BooksBill Buxton, Sketching User Experiences: Getting the Design Right and the Right Design, Morgan

Kaufmann, 2007

J h M d Th L f Si li it MIT P B t 6John Maeda, The Laws of Simplicity, MIT Press, Boston 2006

Lev Manovich, The Language of New Media, MIT Press, Boston, 2001

Bill Moggridge, Designing Interactions, MIT Press, 2007

Bruno Munari, Design As Art ,Penguin Modern Classics, 2008Bruno Munari, Design As Art ,Penguin Modern Classics, 2008

Donald Norman, The Invisible Computer, MIT Press, 1998

Donald Norman,Things That Make Us Smart: Defending Human Attributes in the Age of the Machine, 1993

Donald Norman, The Design of Everyday Things, New York, Doubleday, 1988

Donald Norman ,The Psychology of Everyday Things. New York, Basic Books, 1988

Dan Saffer, Designing for Interaction: Creating Smart Applications and Clever Devices, 2006

warm thanks to all of you

for hospitality and friendship.p y p

一会儿见面！

ffrancesca

f.valsecchi@gmail.com – urijoe.org

skype: urijoe - qq: 759725102yp j qq