2007 heavy-duty highway & nonroad tier 4 programs office of transportation and air quality...
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2007 Heavy-duty Highway & Nonroad Tier 4 Programs
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
October 24, 2004
Key Elements of HD2007 Fuel Program
Reduces diesel fuel sulfur levels nationwide Enables use of advanced
emission control technology
Highway diesel fuel sulfur cap of 15 ppm
80% by 2006 100% by 2010
Flexibility for small and Western refiners
Key Elements of HD2007 Engine & Vehicle Program
Applies new NOx and PM standards to heavy-duty engines and vehicles
90%+ emission reductions—gasoline-like levels
Based on high efficiency emission control devices (like passenger vehicle catalysts)
0.01 g/bhp-hr PM standard in 2007
Phase-in of 0.2 g/bhp-hr NOx standards 2007-2010
Incentives for early technology introduction
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
PM 100% at 0.01 g/hp-hr
NOx 50% at 0.20 g/hp-hr 100% at 0.20 g/hp-hr
Fuel 80% at 15 ppm maximum sulfur(under temporary compliance option) 100% at 15 ppm
Heavy-duty 2007: Basic Program Requirements
Nationwide Heavy-Duty NOx Emissions
Calendar Year
without new standards
with new standards
Nationwide Heavy-DutyPM Emissions
with new standards
without new standards
Calendar Year
Costs and Benefits of 2007 Program
Compliance costs Long-term Costs:
Estimated at $1,200-1,900 per engine (pick-up truck -> line-haul)
4-5 cents per gallon fuel, partially off-set by maintenance savings of ~ 1 cent per gallon
Total costs are $4.3 billion/year Health benefitsThe program will prevent annually:
Over 8,300 premature deaths Over 750,000 respiratory illnesses 1.5 million lost work days 2.6 million tons of NOx, 110,000 tons of PM, and
17,000 tons of toxic pollutants
Monetized benefits: $70.3 billion/year
HD 2007 Implementation Status
HD Engine Manufacturers on track for 2007 Proven technologies selected for 2007
PM filters to meet the 0.01 g/bhp-hr PM std Incremental improvements of 2004 NOx technologies
to meet 1.2 g/bhp-hr averaging standard Prototype vehicles being demonstrated today Customer fleet testing in 2005
EPA will continue to monitor this progress Additional progress review reports Beginning work to ensure smooth
implementation and certification processes for 2007
SmartWay Transport Partnership OverviewSmartWay Transport Partnership OverviewU.S. EPAU.S. EPA
• Voluntary partnership with the ground freight Voluntary partnership with the ground freight industryindustry
• Challenges companies to improve the Challenges companies to improve the environmental performance of their freight environmental performance of their freight operationsoperations
• Currently, truck and rail:Currently, truck and rail:–Travel over 200 billion miles–Consume over 35 billion gallons of fuel–Account for nearly 20% of transportation related energy use–Produce approximately 350 million metric tons of CO2
–Will increase dramatically over the next decadeFaster delivery schedulesIncreasing internet sales
Introduction to SmartWay Transport PartnershipIntroduction to SmartWay Transport Partnership
35 Billion 35 Billion GallonsGallons2003
45 Billion 45 Billion GallonsGallons2012
Introduction to the SmartWay Transport Introduction to the SmartWay Transport PartnershipPartnership
• Emission Reduction GoalsEmission Reduction Goals– 150 million barrels of oil each year (12 million cars
off the road)
– 33 million metric tons CO2 annually by 2012
– 200,000 tons NOx annually, plus PM and air toxics benefits
• Three major SmartWay Transport Three major SmartWay Transport components:components:
– Corporate Partnerships 92 freight shippers and carriers in 24 States and Canada
– National Transportation Idle-Free Corridors 42 idle reduction projects nationally
– Rail/Intermodal (Still Developing) Demonstration projects for idling locomotives in Chicago and
Vancouver
Current SmartWay Transport PartnersCurrent SmartWay Transport PartnersCarriersCarriers FedEx Express*FedEx Express* Metropolitan TruckingMetropolitan Trucking Burns Motor Freight, Inc.Burns Motor Freight, Inc.
HEB Grocery*HEB Grocery* Southeastern Freight LinesSoutheastern Freight Lines Knight Knight Transportation Inc.Transportation Inc.
Roadway Express*Roadway Express* Texas DOTTexas DOT Dennis K. Burke, Inc.Dennis K. Burke, Inc.
Schneider National, Inc.* Schneider National, Inc.* Texas Star ExpressTexas Star Express H.O. Wolding H.O. Wolding CompanyCompany
Swift Transportation*Swift Transportation* TP Freight LinesTP Freight Lines
United Parcel Service*United Parcel Service* CSX*CSX*
Yellow Transportation*Yellow Transportation* Braun’s ExpressBraun’s Express ShippersShippersAmerican CartageAmerican Cartage GI Trucking GI Trucking CompanyCompany The Home Depot*The Home Depot*
Averitt ExpressAveritt Express Arnold Transportation ServicesArnold Transportation Services DellDell
Bison TransportBison Transport Estes ExpressEstes Express Volvo Logistics North Volvo Logistics North AmericaAmerica
Camionage C.P. Inc.Camionage C.P. Inc. Vitran LogisticsVitran Logistics Michelin North AmericaMichelin North America
Commercial TransportationCommercial Transportation AMI LeasingAMI Leasing Canon, Canon, Inc.*Inc.*
FMI InternationalFMI International Arnold Transportation ServicesArnold Transportation Services H-E-B*H-E-B*
International Motor FreightInternational Motor Freight Bridgestone/Firestone N. American TireBridgestone/Firestone N. American Tire IKEA*IKEA*
Lakeville Motor ExpressLakeville Motor Express Cardinal Logistics ManagementCardinal Logistics Management Interface* Interface*
McKelvey Trucking CompanyMcKelvey Trucking Company Coca-Cola Enterprises, Inc.Coca-Cola Enterprises, Inc. Nike* Nike*
Paschall Truck Lines IncPaschall Truck Lines Inc Central Freight LinesCentral Freight Lines Norm Thompson* Norm Thompson*
DHLDHL FedEx FreightFedEx Freight Clean Diesel Clean Diesel TechnologiesTechnologies
IdleAire TechnologiesIdleAire Technologies Interstate Distributor Co.Interstate Distributor Co.
J.B. Hunt TransportJ.B. Hunt Transport USA CartageUSA Cartage
Vaughan TransportationVaughan Transportation Container Freight EITContainer Freight EIT
New England Motor FreightNew England Motor Freight JK TruckingJK Trucking
J&J IndustriesJ&J Industries Hudson’s Bay CompanyHudson’s Bay Company * notes * notes Charter PartnerCharter Partner
Current SmartWay Transport PartnersCurrent SmartWay Transport Partners
Since February 2004, 92 companies have joined the partnership.
SmartWaySM Idle-Reduction Projects by EPA Region
Active Projects
Developing Projects
Developing Projects as Result of $1M
in Grants
How Do Shippers and Carriers Become Partners?How Do Shippers and Carriers Become Partners?
• Within first 3 year phase, shippers are required to:– Commit to ship over 50% of goods with SmartWay
carriers
– Assess and commit to improve their facility emissions
– Forklifts, generators, loaders
– Truck idling at warehouses
• Within first 3 year phase, carriers are required to:– Measure current environmental performance with FLEET
Model
– Commit to improve that performance within 3 years
– Sign Partnership Agreement and report annual progress
• Carriers and Shippers can use the EPA SmartWay logo when they can demonstrate superior environmental performance as defined by EPA.
What is Superior Environmental Performance?What is Superior Environmental Performance?
Effects of Strategies on CO2 Efficiency
0
5,000
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CO2 performance w/outstrategies
CO2 performance afterintegration of strategies
No environmental No environmental strategiesstrategies
What is Superior Environmental Performance?What is Superior Environmental Performance?
Effects of Strategies on CO2 Efficiency
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CO2 performance w/outstrategies
CO2 performance afterintegration of strategies
No environmental No environmental strategies:strategies:
Effect of adding strategies:Effect of adding strategies:
- Speed @ 62 mphSpeed @ 62 mph - - Aerodynamics - Eliminate IdlingAerodynamics - Eliminate Idling
- Double trailers - Double trailers
What is Superior Environmental Performance?What is Superior Environmental Performance?
Effects of Strategies on CO2 Efficiency
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000T
on
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O2
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CO2 performance w/outstrategies
CO2 performance afterintegration of strategies
Effect of adding strategies:Effect of adding strategies:
- Speed @ 62 mphSpeed @ 62 mph - - Aerodynamics - Eliminate IdlingAerodynamics - Eliminate Idling
- Double trailers - - Double trailers - Intermodal useIntermodal use - Weight - Weight reduction - Auto tire inflation - reduction - Auto tire inflation - Super single tires - Synthetic Super single tires - Synthetic lubeslubes - Engine upgrades - Engine upgrades
40%40%
Environmental Challenge of IdlingEnvironmental Challenge of Idling
Long-duration truck and locomotive idling Long-duration truck and locomotive idling contributes significantly to air pollution contributes significantly to air pollution and fuel wasteand fuel waste
Trucks Locomotives
Diesel fuel consumption: 1 billion gal/yr 68 million gal/yrCO2 emissions: 11 million tpy 800,000
tpyNOx emissions: 180,000 tpy 20,000 tpy
Idle-free transportation corridors address this Idle-free transportation corridors address this challengechallenge
• Deploy idle-reduction technologies along major interstates, at truck stops, freight hubs, rail yards, ports, and borders
• Issue guidance for States to quantify and use emission benefits from idle reductions in air quality plans
• Promote idle-reduction deployment with testing, contracts & grants
National Transportation Idle-Free CorridorsNational Transportation Idle-Free Corridors
• New EPA guidance allows credit in SIPs and New EPA guidance allows credit in SIPs and conformity for truck and locomotive idle conformity for truck and locomotive idle reduction projectsreduction projects
• Funding Opportunities:Funding Opportunities:– EPA $1 million Grant Program to States and non-profits– DOT Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality – DOE Clean Cities Grant Program– DOT State Infrastructure Bank
• EPA, DOT, & ATA’s Truck Maintenance EPA, DOT, & ATA’s Truck Maintenance Council are developing national electrical Council are developing national electrical standards for truck stop electrificationstandards for truck stop electrification
Contact the SmartWay Transport Partnership Contact the SmartWay Transport Partnership TeamTeam
Contact Info:Contact Info:
www.epa.gov/smartwaywww.epa.gov/smartway
smartway_transport@[email protected]
(734) 214-4767(734) 214-4767
Addressing diesel emissions from Addressing diesel emissions from existing heavy-duty fleetsexisting heavy-duty fleets
• The Retrofit program deals with existing, in-use engines today• Existing diesel engines can last 20-35 years• 2007 Highway & Proposed Nonroad rules address only future engines
• A voluntary program designed to:• Retrofit - install pollution-reducing technology on existing diesel
vehicles and equipment• Replace existing engines with cleaner ones (CNG/Diesel)• Reduce idling
• The program is building a market for clean diesel concepts• Accelerating the delivery of Ultra Low Sulphur Diesel• Forging business partnerships and relationships
ULSD AvailabilityULSD Availability
A@ Low Sulfur Diesel Refineries
8 Hour Ozone Nonattainment Areas
Counties Exceeding PM2.5 NAAQS
8 Hour Ozone Nonattainment and PM2.5 NAAQS Exceedances
Federal Class I Areas (Visibility)
A@
A@A@
A@A@
A@
A@
Air quality data derived from AQS (PM 2.5: 2000-2002 data; 8 Hour Ozone: 2001-2003 data) with data handling per Agency guidance.
Rings represent a 250 mile radius from refineries.
OTAQ Funded Retrofit ProjectsOTAQ Funded Retrofit Projects