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Molecular Genetics Evolution
Labs6-8
List the pyrimidines and purines and their characteristics.
pyrimidines are thymine and cytosine [single ringed]
Purines are adenine and guanine [double ring]
In what direction is DNA read? Replicated?
it is read 3’ to 5’ and replicates 5’ to 3’
What is the homeobox?
180 nucleotide sequence within homeotic gene encoding part of a
protein that binds to DNA of genes and regulates the protein.
Which part of DNA is kept after splicing?
Exons
What is ubiquitin?
it is a molecule that attaches to a selected protein to be degraded by a
proteasome.
The total aggregate of genes in a population at any one time
www.accessexcellence.org
What is a Gene Pool?
The 5 causes of this are genetic drift, gene flow, mutation, nonrandom
mating, and natural selection
www.pbs.org
What is microevolution?
This occurs when gene flow is interrupted when a population is
divided into geographically isolate subpopulations
evolution.berkeley.edu
What is Allopatric Speciation?
The quest for the simplest explanation for an observed
phenomenon
What is Parsimony?
The same skeletal elements which are anatomical signs of evolution
Homologous Structures
What is the purpose of the GFP in bacterial transformation?
To identify successful transformation and create a
“glowing” protein to be expressed as a result of plasmid uptake
How does the DNA move through the gel plates and how are they
represented?
The longer DNA fragments remain at the negative end of the plate
because they are too large to move further down the plate. The smaller DNA fragments move more freely
towards the positive end of the plate because they contain less base pairs.
what are the five conditions needed to maintain Hardy Weinberg
equilibrium?
No genetic driftNo gene flow
Large populationNo mutation
Random mating
what are the two Hardy Weinberg equations and what do the p and the
q represent?
P+q=1 shows the allele frequenciesp2+2pq+q2 shows the genotypic
frequenciesP is the dominant Q is the recessive
An investigator observes that when pure breeding, long-wing Drosophila are mated with pure breeding,
short wing flies, the F1 offspring have an intermediate wing length. When several intermediate
wing length flies are allowed to interbreed the following results are obtained:
230 long wings510 intermediate length wings
260 short wings
Determine the mode of inheritance and calculate the Chi-Square to test your hypothesis.
Autosomal recessive with incomplete dominance
Chi-Square = 2.22 degrees of freedom at 0.05 probabilty = Accept
Pheno # O # E (O-E) (O-E)^2 (o-e)^2/e
Long 230 250 20 400 1.6
Int 510 500 10 100 0.2
Short 260 250 10 100 0.4