2 skeleton in protozoa
TRANSCRIPT
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Dr. PARVISH PANDYA’s presentation
“Skeleton In Protozoa”
A presentation compiled from various sources by
Dr. PARVISH PANDYA,Zoology Dept. Bhavan’s College, Andheri.
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Dr. PARVISH PANDYA’s presentation
Sites from which presentations have been downloaded and later editted. I am indeed thankful to them for their kindness and support :http://esg-www.mit.edu:8001/esgbio/cb/org/organelles.htmlhttp://faculty.pnc.edu/jcamp/parasit/parasit.htmlhttp://www.amnh.org/rose/hope/creatinghope/http://www.biology.eku.edu/SCHUSTER/bio%20141/POWERPOINT%20NOTES/Intro%20to%20Protozoa_files/fullscreen.htmhttp://www.biosci.ohio-state.edu/~zoology/eeob405/http://www.tulane.edu/~wiser/protozoology/pwpt/http://www.iep.water.ca.gov/suisun/photos/wildlife.htmlhttp://www.uta.edu/biology/marshall/2343/http://www.uta.edu/biology/faculty/faculty.htmlhttp://www.okc.cc.ok.us/biologylabs/Documents/Zoology/PowerPoint.htmhttp://bio.fsu.edu/http://www.aw-bc.com/http://www.nhm.org/http://www.geo.cornell.edu/eas/education/course/descr/EAS302/presentations/
It is very easy to find mistakes in these presentations…..I request you to kindly rectify them and supply me the modifications needed at [email protected] a lot and have fun in teaching & learning Zoology….
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PHYLUM PROTOZOA(protos = first ; zoon = animal)
UnicellularNucleatedMotileHeterotrophic
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SALIENT FEATURES
Habit: Solitary/Colonial;Free living/Parasitic; Commensalism/Mutualism.Habitat: Sea water, Fresh water, Moist soil & Fecal deposits.Size: Microscopic(2-3 microns)Shape: Spherical, Discoidal, Oval, Spindle shaped, Flattened or Irregular
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Characteristics of Protozoa
• - Unicellular • - single cells • - some live in colonies
Types of Symmetry • - Asymmetrical • - Radial • - Spherical • - Bilateral
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Protozoa: Life Styles & Locomotion• Life Styles
– Free Living – Symbiosis- Living together; some examples:
• Mutualism: (+ +) • Commensalism: (+ 0) • Parasitism: (+ -)
• Locomotion (sessile vs. free moving) – Pseudopodia (sol-gel reaction)
• Phagocytosis- feeding using pseudopods – Flagella (single or paired usually) – Cilia (many with peristaltic
movement)
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Protozoa Organelles
• Organelles – Nucleus: reproduction – cell membrane: respiration – contractile vacuole: water balance and
excretion (osmoregulation) • Osmosis vs. Diffusion• Semipermeable Membrane• Hyperosmotic vs. Hypoosmotic
– food vacuole: digestion – myofibrils: movement– neurofibrils: irritability
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Nutrition in Protozoa
• Feeding– Autotrophs- self feeding, plants–– Heterotrophs- eat others, animals–– Holozoic- eat pieces of food–– Saprozoic- eat at the molecular level
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Reproduction in Protozoa• Reproduction
– Sexual: meiosis- reduction division – diploid to haploid
• Gametes: eggs and sperm • in protozoans it is called conjugation
• Asexual (vegetative): • mitosis- duplication division
• diploid to diploid
– types include: • binary fission: transverse or longitudinal
• multiple fission
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KINGDOM PROTISTA
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SKELETON
• Hard, Rigid or Flexible body covering.• It consists of organic matter like gelatin,
tectin/pseudotectin, cellulose/calcium carbonate/silica/sand particles/shell pieces & spicules etc.
• It can be gelatinous, chitinous, calcareous or siliceous.
• It is divided into i)Theca ii)Lorica iii)Shell(test).
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TYPES OF SKELETON1] THECA
Eg: Dinoflagellates such as Ceratium, Peridinium etc.
2] LORICAEg: Klebsiella, Cladomonas, Dinobryon, Poteriodendron, Cothurina etc.
3] SHELLEg:Arcella, Difflugia, Elphidium etc.
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Amoeba under microscope
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Phagocytosis in Amoeba
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Paramoecium
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Paramoecium : Digestion
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Kinety
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Euglena
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Acanthometra Actinopod
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Actinophrys
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Actinopoda
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Actinosphaerium
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Arcella
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Companulata
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Ceratium
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Section thro Pellicle of Dinoflagellate
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Choanoflagellate
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Ciliary Beating
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Difflugia
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Difflugia
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Dinobryon
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Elphidium
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Epheolotes
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Noctiluca
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Foraminiferan Shells
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Gonyaulax : Red Tide
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Globigerina
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Heliozoan
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Nodosaria
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Plasmodium sketch
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Plasmodium in RBC
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Radiolarian
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Radiolarian Shells
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Rhizopod Filopodia
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Spiroloculina
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Stentor
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Textularia
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Trichonympha
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Trypanosoma
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Trichomonas vaginalis
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Volvox
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Vorticella
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Significance of Protozoan Skeleton
• Study helps in detecting presence of petroleum oil in sea beds.
• Skeletons of foraminiferans useful in checking logs during drilling of oil wells.
• Help in Geological Time Scale.